THE DUKE OF RICHMOND ON AGRICULTURE.

Waikato Times, Volume XXIV, Issue 1989, 7 April 1885, Page 4

THE DUKE OF RICHMOND ON AGRICULTURE.

Trih Duke of Richmond and (.onion pre sided at the dinner following the Chiehester Fat Stock Show, recently, and i-i leply to the toast of Ins health said agiicultiue was no moic distinct from other inteiests, snch as trade and manu facture. The agiicultuial depression, in tiade and maiuifactuie, through which they were passing, showed that tlie in teiestsof all wue india?olulily united, and they might depend upon it, so lon« as agricultutc did not thrive, neithei would trade nor manufacture prosper Having touched upon foieif,n competi tion, the Duke said \aii'»ru suggestions had been made to the agriculturists m to what t!iey should do in older to faun with piofit. Men of eminence — though not eminent in ngueultuie - thought fanners weie making a mistake in going in too strongly foi eitliei btoek or corn, and not paying *nmVient nttontion to the cultivation of fruit. While ready to acknowledge that jam was a \ ci v good thing, lie (the Duke of Richmond) thought butter was still betttr, and held that if fiiimers tinned their attention to the increasing of dairy pioduce, they would be doing that which would confer a greater benefit on the community than the extending of the growth of strawbeiiies. There appeared at the present day a tendency to put mote land under permanent grass. In the last ten yeais grain crops have been reduced by 946,760 acres, and during the same period permanent pasture had increased 2,112,808 acres. Probably this arose from the fearfully low price of wheat, and also because the fanner could, tor the best class of beef and mutton, compete much better with the foreigner. Cattle in Great Britain had now increased to 6,269,141, the largest numbers known since the agricultural returns had been compiled; and, although the liver rot in 1879 had reduced the number of sheep by about 5\ millions, the number incieascd by a million dnung last yeai, and he hoped that next year, with a good lambing season and fiecdom from disease, that they would be able to get up the stocN. of sheep in England to something like the number it was befoie. Refer ring to the cattle disease question, the Duke held that if the Act that was passed hst session, somewhat contrary to the views of Her Majesty's Government, was properly carried out, he hoped it would prevent our being flooded •\ ith disease ft om abroad. The act which he h.id introduced some years ago had always been sufficiently stringent with regnded to pleuro pneumonia. It cer tainly should not be iela\ed, and he would be \ery soiry if Mr Mot ton Piemen was allowed to bring in his stock fiorn the United States until that country could show a much clearer bill of health than it now did with regard to pleino-pncu'Tionia. Nothing was easier than to introduce disease, and nothing more difficult than to eradicate it whenever it got a hold in the countiy ; and it was a \eiy serious thin* for a farmer not only to have his flocks and herds decimated, but to be subjected to the seveie legulations which were absolutely necessary when disease appeared and which so much interfered with him in his business.

Mr Vandhuhlt has an anual income of 12,000,000 dollars, yet a tootnache hurts him as bail .is if lie dind't have a nickel. T»K Scientific American says if a bottle of the oil of pennyroyal is left uncorked in a room at night, not a mosquito or any other blond sucker will be found tiiere iv the morning Mix potash with powder ed meal and throw it into the i.at holes of a cellar and the rats will depart. If a rat or mouse gets into our pantiy, stuff in its hole a rag saturated with a solution of caj enne pepper, and no rat or mouse will touch the rag for the purpose of openin" a communication with a depot ot supplies. In a Californian dairy the following occius :— 'A man of few wonls is very well but a woman of few wotds is open to argument I encouteied one day in a ravine some three miles distant, among gold washers, a woman ftom San Jo3e. She was at work with a large wooden bowl by the side of a stream. I asked her how long she had been there and how much gold she averaged a day. She replied — * Three weeks and an ounce Her reply reminded me of an anecdote of the late Judge ]}.' who met a girl returning from market, and asked, ' How deep did you find the stream? what did you pet for your butter ?' 'Up to the knee, and nincpence,' was the reply. ' Ah,' said he to himself ; ' she is the giil for me ; no wouls lost there;' turned back, proposed, was accepted, aud married the next week. A New Wheat Cllanim. Machine.— Mr M. A Maurel has lately patented a new wheat-cleaning machine, which u> said to give universal satisfaction. It is described as follows : —In the upper pait of the machine is a feed hopper, and under it is a cylindrical receive), which is open on top. Horizontal wooden aims, fixed to a \eitual shaft, woik in this reccviei, and they aie drhen by means of bevil wheels from the main shaft of the machine, The wlvat is fed into the hopper, and thus enters into the cylindiical receiver, wheie. it is treated with water, this enters under sufficient pressure so as to hold the sound wheat on a level with a certain opening in the *.ide ol the receiver, whereas stones and other heavy pai tides fall to the bottom ; dust, chaff, &c , however, will float on top and be thus removed. The sound wheat flow.s with the water thiough an inclined channel of leetangu'ar section in which aic contained some small plates intended to catcli any stones that might still have remained in the w he.it. The wheat falls fioin this channel into the bottom of a vertical drying cylindci after hawngbeen fiist freed fiom the water by the means of a centrifugal extractor. The diying cylinder has a perforated mantle, and is provided with oblique plates. These latter arc fixed to a veitical shaft, which runs at a good speed. The wheat is thus lifted to the top of the first drying cylinder, and falls into the bottom of the second drying cylinder, w here it is again lifted to the top and delivered in a clean and dry state.

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