THE EASTERN QUESTION.

Wairarapa Age, Volume XXV, Issue 10713, 24 May 1913, Page 6

THE EASTERN QUESTION.

(By T. Jordan, M.A. L.L.8.) , [Continued.] The Hungarian premier Tisza defended his policy, saying its object Lad been to ensure that the whole of should determine the dtvstin- ' ies of the Ixaat. x\o one, Ik> said, could dispute the great moral triumph achieved, by mearns of winch Russia had been eompelbd, at the bidding of Europe, to renounce a considerable portion of the conditions of f peac; which she had extracted from Turkey at San Stefano. 'Jlie occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, he said, had become necessary in order to counteract viio continuous growtli of Pan Slavism by which Hungary, before all, was menaced. But this artificial division of the Bulgarian nation could scarcely be regarded as possessing the elements of permanency, and in 1883 Eastern Roumelia proclaimed its union with Bulgaria. Jealous Servia became the champio:;' of the Treaty of Berlin and declared war on her sister State, but the militia of Servia was of little use against the Russian-trained and officvrod army of Bulgaria, and the latter was stopped in its advance only by the threats of Austria-Hungary. Meanwhile, the year after the Treaty of Berlin, Count Andrassy, of Austria, made an alliance with Germany against IRiussia. 'j ..is was virtually a Pam-Germanic answer to a Pan-Slav-onic move, and vyas intensely welcome in Austria, it marks the beginning of what is now'* the Triple Alliance. 'From this fr.me on Russian intrigue in the Balkans spread rapidly, and it was doubtless due to it that a convention- was made between Servia and Bulgaria, that brought about a war of tariffs between Austria and Servia, owing to the export of Servian goods being tacilitated through Bulgarian ports on the Black Sea. In/1906 Count Aerenthal took advantage of Russia's weakness, consequent on the; Japanese War, to bargain with Turkey -or concessions undermining the influence of Russia, in the Balkans. This was possible owing to the support Austria received from Germany, who thus showed her gratitude for the solitary support given her at the Moroccan Conference at Algieras in tnat year. In 190S, when th? Young Turk revolution broke out, Austria showed her hand. Fearing that a rejuvenated Turkey might lay claim to Bosnia, and Herzegovina, i Austria, took a bold step. Deliberiately, and without consultation with the' powers that signed the Treaty of Berlin, she violated' its provisions ano! annexed the provinces on October loth, 1908. Many Serbs still hoped for the realisation of the '.'Great •Servian Idea"—the union in a single Empire of Servia, Bosnia, Herzegovinia, Montenegro, JNovi Bazar, and North-west Macedonia. The whole clamoured for war, and the Crown Prince of Servia went to the Czar for armed assistance. But intervention was impossible, ana th? European powers once more averted war. Servia herself was unprepared. She then tried to obtain as compensation the strip of territory between Herzegovinia and Xovi „azar, which would check the advanct? of Austria on Salonika and make fcervia and Montenegro, conterminous, pave the way for a union between them, and give Servian commerce an crtlet on the Adriatic. But neither Turkey nor Austria would listen to it, arad in March, 1909, Servia abandoned her claim. At the same time as Austria amnexed Bosnia, Bulgaria shook off the last vestige of the Turk and renounced the Sultan's suzeramity.

Such in brief is tne history of the several Balkan States—a history as full of eruptions as to, give rise to the terse French epigram—"Pays balkaniques pays volcaniques" —Balkanic countries are volcanic countries. y I have entirely omitted the religious question -which has always beam an important issue in the struggle, but I hop© I have succeeded in directing your attention to some of the causes that will' help you to answer tho following questions:— Why has Austria opposed Servia's demand for access to th.9 Adriatic? Why has Austria opposed Montenegro's expansion? Why has Austria opposed the annexation of Albania by Servia? ' 'Why has Austria placed part of her own dominions, e.g., Bosnia tinder martial law? Why were there ©lav denominations in Russia and Austria? Why has Germany at on»e increased the peace footing of her army by more than one-quarter of its strength ? And I again ask: "Was this war undertaken primarily for the purpose of I putting an end to Turkish .persecution, and to" enforce the provisions of the Treaty or Berlin—the reason given by the Allies: or was it rather the restless spirit of making for tho gaol that Kussia marked out for it by the peace of Sam Stefano? Much was made in limelight of the press about the farmer, but in favour of the latter ther© appeared in a leading Bulgarian journal, the Mir, in January of this ysar, a semiofficial statement that the Balkan Alliance was cemented at least twelve months before ithe declaration of war, and that the idea ot the Alliance was due at the outset to foreign inspiration). Who the aoreigners , were I leave to your conjecture. The end of the struggle between the Slav and the iG-arman is not yet", but the Slav is surely making ground. (The -nd.) ~

CUKE OF BLADDER DISEASE,

From Mr. T. Brown, 64, Baptiste-etreet, Sydney, N.S.W:, sth October, » 1911. * "For several month*! I suffered from inflammation of the bladder, and the most intense pain in my side and back. My urino showed heavy deposits and caused me great pain when parsing it. I lest a good deal of sleep at night through the pain. I wat> terribly- reduced in strength and weight, and was rapidly getting worse. I was treated homoeopnthically with very little result, and various remedies I tried failed to benefit me. I became disheartened, as I began to think that I should never be cured. I had lost faith in medicine. when at last—merely to satisfy a friend —I began to take 'Warner's Sate Cure. From the first. I notice a decided change for the better, which gave me confidence, and induced me to continue with the medicine. Y<H\y soon largequantities of gritty sediment began to pass away in my mine, and 1 began to feel v'erv much better. The pains from which"! had suffered left me, and I could sleep well. I have now regained my usual weight and strength. The medicine has made me as strong and robust as I was prior, to my illness, and my urinary troubles have ceased. '

From Mr. Charles Beaie, 48, Creekstreet, Glebe. Svdney. N.S.W., 7th February, 1912." "I am writing to you to let von *••- the good Warner's Safe Cure did for me. I had kidney and bladder trouble, and only took a few bottles of it, and it completely cured me." From Mr. Arthur Herbert Bucklev. 27, Richards-avenue. Surry Hills. Sydney, N.S.W., 19th July. 1911. "It affords me great pleasure to ir. form you of the wonderful effect Warner's Safe Cure had in my case. Fo*manv vears I had been suffering from catarrh of the bladder, the urine being a chalkv and bloody substance. I consulted leading medical specialists in Brisbane,, Sydney, and Melbourne, and I was, in their opinion, a doomed man; in fact, there was no hope of my recovery. I may add that I was a physical wreck. In despair, I tried Warner's Safe Cure (without any faith in it). The result was wonderful after the first bottle, so I continued with it, and today I stand a cured man. have gained in weight, whilst my urine is a natural colour and passes without pain. I am unable to thank you enough for all the medicine has done for me, and shall bo pleased to recommend your remedy to all sufferers."

From Miss Edith Pope, of. "Pope'* Touring Entertainers," *.»»,wh-v writes from Hughenden. Queens land, under date 4th September. 1911. "Just a .line of thanks for your great remedy, Warner's Safe Cure. I have been a great sufferer from internal com plaints, including bladder complaint, and during my travels I have consulted many doctors, but only slightrelief. I was advised by several peo pie to try your Safe Cure, but I may say that I had not much faith in it. Un til recently I. got a very bad turn of bladder, and, acting on advice. T begar. to take the medicine. After taking the first bottleful I found great relief, and before I had'quite finished the second I was quite cured. I can truthfully re commend it to any sufferer from inward complaints. You can make use of this letter publicly if you wish., seas to let any poor sufferer kndv» o', the value of "Warner's Safe Cure." - Warner's Safe Cure is sold by chemists and storekeepers everywhere, both in the original"(sa) bottles and in the ch«ap«r (2s 6di "Concentrated," non, aJpobitlie. fwn»