The New Republic.

Taranaki Daily News, Volume LIII, Issue 154, 8 October 1910, Page 5

The New Republic.

THE BRAGANZA DYNASTY PROSCRIBED. ROYALISTS CAUGHT NAPPING. THE TRAGEDY OF THE WARSHIPS. FIGHTING RESUMED. By Cable.—Press Association.—Copyright.

LOYALIST GENERAL SUICIDES.

PRECAUTIONS IN SPAIN. Madrid, October 6. The police are watching Republican clubs. At Valencia and other Spanish cities their flags have been removed and Radical demonstrations at Barcelona dispersed. REJOICINGS IN BRAZIL London, October 6. There are rejoicings in Brazil over the Portuguese coup d'etat. Lorenzo Marques, in Portuguese Southeast Africa, is quiet. FLEEING TO ENGLAND. THE USUAL HAVEN.

REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT ACCLAIMED. FIGHTING LASTS 31l HOURS. Lisbon, October 6. A brief bombardment of the palace resulted in the lowering of the Royal Standard. When the insurgents stormed the palace General Gorjao, commanding the Royalists, committed suicide. The bombardment by the warships did considerable damage to the Ministries around the Pracudo Commeria. The Tower Church was attacked and the palace demolished. All accounts state that many were killed and wounded in the fighting. At eight o'clock on Wednesday morning the remaining loyalist surrendered and returned to barracks, the populace applauding and cheering with cries of "Long live the Republic," 'and hoisting republican flags. The warships greeted the hoisting of the flags with salvoes of artillery. The revolutionists raided buildings flying the old flagi jtreading down the emblems of monarchy and singing the "Marseillaise."

London, October 6. Reuter's Lisbon agent this evening ■tated that King Manuel and the Queen Mother and the Duke of Oporto are aboard the Royal yacht Amelia ami h.ive already sailed for England'. AN APATHETIC POPULACE. A BRAVE CHIEF OP POLICE. STAYS IN BED. ROYALISTS CAUGHT NAPPING. CHAOTIC ORGANISATION. Received 7, 10.50 p.m. London, October 7. The Daily Chronicle correspondent, in a longi despatch via Vigo, states that tile mass of Lisbonites were apathetic. It was nonsense to describe the revolution as a popular uprising. Most of tihe inhabitants took refuge in their cellars during the fighting, but when it was over they armed themselves and posed as liberators of the country. On Monday night groups of workmen, excited over Dr. Bombardo's murder, snouted, "Down with the Monarchy!" The police finally dispersed 1 them, but the revolutionist leaders went to the disaffected barracks, killed the resisting officers, and distributed arms to the populace. They then mounted four guns on the high ground, threatening Lisbon. News of the rising was telephoned to confederates. As pre-arranged, the cables, telegraphs and railway communications to the outer world were cut off. The Chief of Police, hearing propositions of a rising, telegraphed to the Minister for War that he was suffering from fever and that he was compelled to keep in bed.

The Red Cross organisation and the fire brigade removed the dead to the morgue and the wounded to the hospitals. Eusbio Leao, the new civil governor of Lisbon, in a speech from the balcony of the Town Hall, said he entrusted the policing to ■ the citizens. He said they must respect all public, press and private property and leave all whoever they might be. The republic was generous and magnanimous. The huge crowd cheered frantically.

The British Ministers in full uniform went to the Town Hall and interviewed the Republicans. The revolution was decided upon at 8 o'clock on Monday night. Admiral Reiss insisted that it should not be deferred, as the cruiser Dom Carlos was under orders for sea. The fighting lasted 31 hours, during which there were no acts of personal violence. The banks were guarded by sailors. The Portuguese press asserts that the outbreak was initiated by the Kith Regiment, aided by an artillery and naval force and 5000 armed civilians. Spanish official telegrams declare that the provincial troops are marching on Lisbon to support the loyalists. The crowd attacked the residence of Luciano Castro, but the provisional authorities soon quietened the disturbance. It is reported that the 11th Infantry acclaimed the republic. The Premier and Minister of War have handed over the direction of affairs to the new authorities.

The military commander of Lisbon ami many officers were absent at Cascaes, a neighboring watering place.. The revolutionists promptly cut the railway communication, and the Royalists were left without a leader, their organisation being chaotic. THE ROYAL FUGITIVES. THE LADIES AT GIBRALTAR. WHERE IS THE KING? Received 7, 10.43 p.m. London, October 7. Quren Marie Amelie. mother of the King, and the Dowager Queen, aboard the Amelia, have arrived at Gibraltar. Unconfirmed rumors state that King Manuel is also aboard. Apparently the Royal Family took refuge in the Mafra monastery, whence they boarded the Royal yacht, anchored off Ericeira.

NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE. CONFLICTING REPORTS. London, October 7. The.Times and Daily Mail were a day ahead of other papers with the news of the Portuguese revolution. There are conflicting reports as to King Manuel's whereabouts. Twenty-one were wounded in encounters at Oporto. Spanish warships have gone to Lisbon. Estimates of the deaths of the fighting at Lisbon are untrustworthy. No estimate exceeds 100 deaths, and rather more than 100 wounded.

THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. DETAILS AS TO MINISTERS. Lisbon, October 0. Certain city positions have bfcn strengthened in the event of the troops who have not yet adhered to the republic attacking the revolutionists. Huse crowds accompany the triumphant troops when marching through the streets. The provisional Government hold it" first Council to-day. Colonel MacHado. (Minister for Foreign Affairs) is a barrister and journalist. Dr. Costa (Minister for Justice) a professor of law and an orator, Senhor Antonio Gomez (Minister for Public Works) a barrister, Senhor Almeida Gomez (Minister for Marine) a debater. President Brega has telegraphed to foreign Powers announcing the establishment of the Republic and adding that the provisional Government guarantees public safety and order. President Brega. in a manifesto to the army and navy, says it is hoped that officers who have not participated in th° revolution will declare their loyalty to the new administration. His proclamation to the citizens declares that the dynastv of the are maleficent and wilful destructors of peace and are for ever proscribed.

NAVAL OFFICERS JOIN THE MILITARY. SHELLING THE PALACE. DESPERATE STRUGGLE ABOARD A WARSHIP. HOW THE KING BEHAVED. Received October 8, 12.15 a.m. London, October 7. The Chronicle's special correspondent states that naval officers came ashore and commandeered cab horses, borrowing saddles, broke through the royalists' lines and joined the rebels, superseding the sergeants who hitherto commanded. The flagship Dom Carlos did not side with the rebels, but nf rained from firing when the warships San Raphael and Adamastor shelled the palace. A desperate struggle took place aboard the warship Ferndaz. A hand-to-hand fight took place, and the Royalists ultimately hauled down the rebel ensign. * The San Raphael's second shot broke the flagstaff of the palace. The majority of King Manuel's entourage fled, but a few were staunch. King Manuel showed no fear, and favored remaining at all costs, arguing that flight would be received with the v-orst possible interpretation.

He ultimately yielded, and quitted the palace in an automobile, with a cheery smile and smoking a cigarette. He took

refuge in the city. The rumour spread that he was aboard the Brazilian warship, and the revolutionists sought him, but the commander of the San Paulo refused to allow them aboard.

Later, King Manuel left Lisbon. The San R: ;>hael bombarded the Government offices wt a range of 400 yards, killing several clerks, also a number of spectators. In the Place de Comorce the Royalists brought two field guns and replied, killing! a number of the San Raphael's gunners, and compelling them to flee.

FIGHTING RESUMED. LOYALIST FORCES REINFORCED. SPANISH TROOPS IN READINESS. Received' October 8, 12.35 a.m. Madrid, October 7. Senor Canalejas, the Spanish Premier, replying to a question in the Chamber, said there were persistent reports that fighting was resumed at Lisbon, the monarchist troops having been reinforced. He added that two companies and warships had been sent to the Tagus. The troops on the frontier were warned to be ready in case of eventualities. A revolutionary proclamation has been distributed in Lisbon, saying that the Braganza dynasty is a maleficent and wil ful disturber of social peace, and that it forever be proscribed from Portugal. It adds that the country's slavery is ended, and an epoch of austere morality and immaculate justice begun.

Senor Fonseca, who was lately King Manuel's guest, is motoring in the streets with Senhor Theorphile Braga. LATE PREMIER WOUNDED. LOYALISTS ENTRENCHED IN CAMPS. Received October 8, 12.35 a.m. London, October 7. Senhor Souza, the late Portuguese Prsmier, was wounded by a shell explod- : i'" near his house. Latest reports state that part of the Loyalists in Lisbon and the forces in entrenched camps have not joined the revolutionaries. ENGLAND BLAMED. FOR ENCOURAGING REVOLUTION. PORTUGUESE WEALTH DEPOSITED IN ENGLAND. Received October 8, 12.35 a.m. London, October 7. German and Vienna newspapers show a marked disposition to throw suspicion on England's policy. German newspapers comment on Mr. Asq.uith's recent speech, wherein' he emphasised the alliance of Britain and Portugal was not a league of dynasties but of nations. The Deutsche Tage Zeitung says this is universally regarded as a direct encouragement to revolution. Wealthy Portuguese recently deposit-' ed £10,000,000 sterling in London and Paris banks, in addition to jewellery, plate and heirlooms. The Queen Mother at the same time transferred her private fortune through English banking houses.

ROUND A MACHINE GUN. LOYAL SAILORS WIVED OUT BY INSURGENTS. Received October,B, 1.10 a.m. London, October 7. Englishmen on the roof of an hotel saw the Don Carlos' forward searchlight turned to the quarter-deck, revealing a group of officers and a few sailors round a machine gun, half blinded by the light and unable to fire. A volley followed from the mutineers hidden in the darkness. The searchlight flashed again. All were dead. A CATASTROPHE IMMINENT. THE EVENTS OF AUGUST. The revolution which has now occurred was not unexpected, as will be seen by the following dispatch sent by the Lisbon correspondent of the London Daily News, under date of August 22: "During the last few days the greatest excitement has prevailed throughout the country. The cause of the agitation is a report that a revolution is imminent. Although it is officially declared that a serious' plot for the overthrow of the Government has be-en discovered, it is impossible to obtain trustworthy details. "The rumor that is current, whatever its source may be ; is, however, that the Clerical Party, with the support of a section of the Army and Navy, intend to establish a military dictatorship.

"Never since the time of the murder of King Carlos has there been such a displaj of military force. The First Division of the Field Army is under arms in Lisbon, while the surrounding forts' and strongholds are fully garrisoned and ammunitioned.

"Tihe Duke of Oporto, the young King's uncle, has, according to this rumor, botaken himself in alarm to the security of the fortress at Cascaes.

"The warships in the Tagus are reported to be ready to shell the revolutionists. All the police have been concentrated in the police barracks, whence, in the event of a rising, they are prepared to sally out, arm r d to the teeth with revolvers and sahrrs. The Customs offie : als and coastguards have been called in from the \vhol n of the/ surrounding co*"»trv to swell the 'Vfpn"° force in the ennitnl. In consequence, the smugglers linvp hud a cleir fH'i for the last fpw da~s. and f he illicit traffic has boon enormous. The number of robberies and outrages in the towns ha* also increased. " T t seems as if th" 'revolt' has been postponed, but the military precautions nre to continue."

DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF. THE STATE AS MANUEL BOUND IT. The late King Carlos was exceedingly unpopular with his people. He was extravagant, and when Senor Franco established his dictatorship, one of the first acts was to increase the King's already over-swollen civil list by an additional grant of £38,000 per annum. A writer in the Contemporary Review, who was in Lisbon at the time of the assassination, described the attitude of the public as one of callous indifference. Lisbon showed not a trace of mourning. A Republican newspaper mentioned the tragedy in a few lines under the heading "Miscellaneous News," and none of the more serious papers expressed any sympathy with the late King or the Royal Family. Only one, the Diario, Senator Franco's own paper, was outlined in black. Public feeling was in unison with the journals. King Manuel's task has been a difficult and ungrateful one, and the same writer, M. Jean Finot, said of Portugal as he found it in February, 1908: "He comes at a moment when the monarchy, like a decaying tree whose branches are drying up and the sap failing, is oa <the way to its fall. The finances of the State are deplorable. For centuries tihe bad condition of the exchequer has weighed upon the Portuguese kingdom. The mess must needs continue. Will the monarchial parties venture to attack the abuses of favoritism which ought to be cut aip by the roots, or the tariff which both Sustains and kills the country? The leaders are divided by intestine quarrels. Perhaps they would need another Franco, with energy equal to his, to break with the past. . . Perhaps there will be .only one issue to this monarchy in chaos —a Republic. The other day I was visited by one of the Republican leaders, whose high character and eloquence command the admiration even of his enemies— Mogalhaes Lima. 'The Republic is at hand,' he told me, and his face was lit up by joyful hope. 'And afterwards?' said I. 'Do you really believe that a change of the label alters the nature of < the liquor V 'No doubt,' he replied. The monarchy has proved its character. Think of our 75 per cent, of illiterates, of our undeveloped resources, of the ruins which He all round us. It is we who will transform the Government, and with changed political conditions we shall infuse a new spirit into our people."

A STUDIOUS MONARCH. HOW THE NEW* KING RULED. Of the new King, A. M. Oram wrote some little time 'back in the Daily Mail: "Dom Manuel is a bright, good-looking lad, his graceful manners and brilliance of repartee making him a great acquisition to the rather dull Court life. He is intelligent and studious, much devoted to those he considers his loval friends; and his innate amiability of character ■endear him to all. These qualities have been improved by a methodical and strict education." The cable statements published above as to King (Manuel's lack of force and private life are not in harmony with the sketches of him which have appeared in the press from time to time. A correspondent of the Times, for instance, wrote in December last:—"A young man who has but recently emerged from a state of tutelage and the subordinate position of a second son can hardly have a -history. He may, however, have character, and this is emphatically the case with King 'Manuel. His ruling passion is undoubtedly for serious things. If letters were the favorite occupation of his grandfather Dom Luiz, and if sport and military mattef s were *ore to Dom Carlos t<han politics, the present King of Portugal is above all an eager student of the-art of government. In a letter written last summer to an eminent public man, the voung King defines his purpose in the following words:— "To dp the right thing, to work, and, above all, to accomplish something for my beloved country is my only and exclusive ambition. . . . This difficult but glorious mission I desire to carry out aevotedly, giving for it all I have, even Iny life, if that may be necess;ry.'"