THE WAR FEELING IN EUROPE.

Oamaru Mail, Volume II, Issue 389, 23 July 1877, Page 2

THE WAR FEELING IN EUROPE.

The following particulars with rcfcrenco to the feeling in different portions in Europe in regard to the war are, gleaned from our exchanges :

A Paris correspondent says he has received a letter from Ployesti, emulating from one who is a position to have exact information. The writer says, " I have just read Prince GortschakofFs reply. It is conciliatory but iinn as to Constantinople. Nobody says Prince Gortschakoff can predict course or issue of war, but neither the question of Constantinople, nor that of the Dardanelles, can be settled apart from Europe. The Czar does not wisl) to take possession of Constantinople. The policy of Russia has been misunderstood, mental reservations have been imputed to her that alio lias not entertained. By this menacing distrust her commerce and her industry have been paralyzed. This state of things must cease. Events and the bad faitli of the Turks have forced the Emperor to draw the sword ; he will not replace, it until all questions at issue have been settled, and the programme of Russia has received full satisfaction." Further details of what is called Gortschakoff's reply to Earl Derby are as follows : —lf Turks make peace directly the Russians cross the Balkans, Russia will be ready to accept peace, but otherwise she would have no alternative but to conquer and dictate peace to the Porto. If England wishes to prevent the Russians from entering Constantinople it has only to exert its influence upon the Turks in order to induce them to yield immediately the Balkans are passed. The idea among the Russians is that half measures will not suttice. Bulgaria must become autonomous as well as Servia and Rouniania. In the House of Commons, a despatch was laid on the table, addressed by Lord Derby to Lord Lyons, the British Ambassador at Paris, dated May the fith. In the despatch, Lord Derby informs Lord Lyons that Great Britain has declined the proposal of M. do Lesseps to keep open the Suez Canal to all nations, and had intimated to Russia that an attempt to blockade, or otherwise interfere with the Canal or its approaches, would be regarded by England as a menace to .India, and a grave injury to the commerce of the world, and incompatible with the maintenance of the British attitude of passive neutrality. At the same time it was intimated to the Porto and the Khedive that England was firmly determined not to permit the Canal to be made the scene of any combat or other warlike operations. At the banquet of the Merchant Tailors' School, Lords Derby and Salisbury made speeches in which they assumed a remarkably pacific tone. The Marquis of Salisbury said : —" lam for myself, far from sharing many of <he apprehensions which I hear around ~i". It may be our duty, in possible contingencies, to put forth our strength to defend indirect interests. When I say this, I would recommend, when anyone comes to you with the tale of our indirect interests being threatened, to cross-examine him before you believe his statement. Caution and extra caution are necessary before the Government risks wealth, prosperity, and freedom, and breaks the peaeo of the world—not in pursuit of real honour, but for a theory and dream. It has generally been acknowledged to bo madness to go to war for any idea ; but if anything is more unsatisfactory, it is to go to war against a nightmare. I will not say that wo have an enemy, although it is generally supposed that this war has been concerted against English interests. I believe it may be looked at in another light. Be steadfast and calm ;do not mistake panic for real danger—phantoms for realities—but if real danger irises, if our interests are threatened, we will effectually defend them at any cost." Lord Derby, on the same occasion, said he could only repeat the Marquis of Salisbury's excellent arguments. After all, we must remember this—that tho greatest of all British interests is tho interest of peace. The Timet, in a leading article, says : " So far as can be judged, the fortune of war will be adverse to the Turks. Operations may not have the rapidity of recent wars, but the Turks are overmatched, and must succumb in the end. This catastrophe Europe will accept. No nation will go to war again to support that which cannot be supported. No real statesman will cling to the dead element in any system instead of looking for its living forces. We know we must seek for that which is to replace failing power. To this wo cannot too soon direct our attention." The ticutiiman's London correspondent writes that Earl Derby and the Marquia of Salisbury hold very opposite views regarding the Russian occupancy of Constantinople. Lord Salisbury believes Gortschakoff will not advise that the city be held for a long time. Earl Derby would at once inform Russia that she will only march there at the risk of meeting British troops as well as Turkish troops. The writer adds :—•" I am informed that whatever may be the truth about military dissensions, the Cabinet has taken certain military precaution. A large army corps is ready for immediate service, and transports can be obtained." A Belgrade special says tho Servians sent an address through a Slave Committee to the Russian nation calling tho Czar the Liberator. A Servian paper exhorts the principality to decide tho fate of the Servian race by declaring war against the Porte. It counsels Servia to wait until the Russians have crossed tho Danube, and to then enter old Servia and Bosnia. There is great irritation among the Greek population against tho

Patriarch ■>." the Greek Church for issuing a mandate that prayers be sail in all churches f< r rhe success of the Tnrkisli armies. The Saltan has made costly presents t>> :-.-'id dee >rated the Patriarch witli the badge ■ '* ■>'. ■ of the highest oilers of the Eiap r . ;;, 1 this fact taint; the action of r.ii■; i'.-:*riareh with suspVion. There is a growing coolness between the British Ambassador and the Po.'te. Safet Pasha (the Foreign Minis:sr) complains that Mr. Layard is not friendly enough. Mr. Layard complains that the Porte does not attend to his complaints, or when he does, only makes promises -which he does not keep, and Mr. Layard has made a sharp remonstrance, and -warned the Porte that his conduct will further alienate England's sympathies. Tfie London Tumm says the Russian loan of T,000,000 dols. was originally offered to houses here and refused. It is now being issued at Paris and Berlin. It is stated that the issue price is 70 per cent., and that a Syndicate has taken the loan at the net price—so far below this figure as to leave an ample margin in the face of the fact that an internal enforced loan of 100,000,000 roubles has also been decreed. This borrowing does indicate rapid exhaustion. A Constantinople despatch, via Athens, says it is feared there will be a popular outbreak if bad news arrives from Asia. Arrests of Softas, civilians, and military students take place daily. A r<>>'>> de main for the restoration of ex-Sultan Murad is much feared. Z*so boats are allowed to traverse the Bosphorus or Golden J Torn after dark. The peace party grows daily stronger. The Grand Vizier and Safjt Pacha are very anxious to make peac before fresh complications arise. At a Council on Monday last the Sultan himself promised to negotiate for peace. The adverse counsels of Redif Pacha, however, prevailed ; but if the Asiatic campaign proves disastrous, both Sultan and nation will sue for peace. A Tribune London special says : —" The attitude of Austria is getting more and more hostile to Russia. Starting out with friendly feelings, and expecting to share in the territorial distribution when Turkey should be dismembered, she has since been driven to an opposite standpoint by internal influence and outward pressure. The alliance of Russia with Germany is one cause of dissatisfaction. Recent overtures were made with England for an offensive and defensive alliance. Prince Milan's visit to the Czar was in opposition to the express desire of Austria. Servia lias been warned by Austria that any attempt on her part to resume hostility will be followed by military occupation. The warning was given to Prince Milan, before his departure for Russian head-quarters at Ployesti, a visit which '■ has caused many surmises as to its real ( object. The '"■ ' ■ •- -•■•■.-lent at Athens says a er"-. ; i ...- ;■,,■■• ; at from 5000 to 10,000 t!' ! ' ■[ -h-- - . • ' >fore the palace, demand; :- rr •: ■■ strong and warlike mea.s.u ;. .:'; r waiting two hours, four delegates were admitted to ] the palace. The King replied that now, as always, he had the national welfare at heart, and would form a Ministry acceptable to the people. At last accounts the j crowd was still shouting- discontentedly - ( before the palace. Other despatches say that, in the Chamber of Deputies, the Minister of Justice stated that the policy of the Government was to expedite military preparations, as Greece might sooner or later become involved in the present war. At the Council of War, at which the - Sultan presided, several of those present, especially Mehemed Ruchdi Pasha, strongly advocated peace. Ruchdi said it was now quite clear that Turkey could not hope for active aid from any power, and could not cany on war single-handed. He urged that advantage should be taken . of Russia's declaration that she does not ] desire any conquest, and that application be at once made to some friendly power to obtain an armistice. A majority of the Council were, however, against him. - His proposal was deferred. There must be disaster before a peace party can succeed. ]

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