FRANCE.

New Zealander, Volume 8, Issue 662, 18 August 1852, Page 3

FRANCE.

(Prom the "Atlas" April 10.) The Prince Presedcnt made two speeches on Monday. The one to the members of the Court of Cassation, who, having taken the oath of fidelity to him, he told : — The more authority roposeu on an incontestiblo basis, the more it ought to bo nntu nlly defended bjj you. From the day that the doctrine of the sovereignty of (bo people- hud replaced the piinciple of define right, it can be truly confirmed, (hat no Government has been as legitimate na mine. In 1801, four millions oi votes m proclaiming tho power to he hereditaiy in my fuindy, designated me an heir to the Umpire. In 1048, neatly six millions called mo to the hern] of the Republic. In 1851, no.irly eight millions miiintijmed me theie. Consequently, in taking the oath to me, it it) not merely to a man that \ou swear to he faithful ; but to a principle— to a cau->e — to the nationul will itself. The other was at the ceremony of presenting the Cardinal's hat to the Archbishop of JJtmlenux, which took place at the Tuil lories, when the President replied as follows to the speech of the new Cardinal :— - Your Kni'nence cannot doubt the value which T attach to that particular pieiogativc of my position w huh pci mils mi-, ns* a layni,iii, lo pl.ice on the bend of one of ihe pniiccs of the Church the n/Mgmu of tlm elev.iti-d r;iii'< ho is about to hold. This ceremony is not a vain formality; n h the emblem of tho union which should exist between the spiritual and the tornpoi.il powci, the coueoid and li.iriuouy of whult ko j/ovwilully conmhutc to the |»mco and huppii'Oss of tinxvoild. 1 am happy to be able lo ciown, by io slnKiny a dignity, a carets) t>o hoaourably run ; and I am grate-

fill for tlie kind manner iti which your Kmmeneo nppioointcs my (.(Foils for tho prosperity of Franco and foi tho tnun)|il) of ieli;;ion. An officor of the expedition appointed to convey the political exiles, throe hundred in number, from the South of Franco to Algiers, thus writes: — I 'J In re were many wlio had hitherto filled a most honourable station in booieiy. There was, for ciamp c, the cx-cnplain Lafontaim*, a distinguished cavalry o.'Ficci, whose age and experience ouuflit to Jmvp saved him fiotn such eirors. Next, A'l. I'ontie, a handsome young; man of nn inteiet-tinp: appearance., a professor, ap|Miuntly a man of talent; and thon funeral vn'ultliy landed proprietors who wt-teubout to be separated from their afflicted wives und children. Amount those of tlm lower classes I remarked one named ftl.iaclc, whose counteimrice vr.in expiessive. ol energy, cunning, tiiid audacit\. like the innjonty of Ins companions in exile he was a native of the Pyi oncost Oiiont.iN, and wore the Catalan costume. IMs avowed ohjoct in joining the insurrection, of which he was a chief, was toohtnin pos-Bf-ssion of Madamo D — , the most beautiful woman in IVrpipnnn, nnd »hose husband is it>pud>d lo be vvunh Hererid millmntt of francs. Onenl Rimbaud kn,»t tho pmoneis on board in Port Vendren tor three lo.><* days; and us our fngatc lay clo^e to the quay the appioaches weie thronged wul) women, ultoring shrieks, capable of rending ibe most obdui.ito benrt. I'l>oy ! wero mothers, fii.ster->, and wives, trying lo cafrb a List glimp-e of nil that was dear lo them. The wife of Cnpi»m Lufonlaine, on being separated from her husband, fell in a convulsive fit. She was cam. d away, hi. I bIjO had marcel y leached her liome when slip expired — a dreadful oxomple of aom° of t lie evil* occasioned by civil war. At hnjih our bailing oidi-ra arrived, it was at nightfall on the l.nh of AJarch. The moment wan the moro trying as it li<i(l been leported on tho preceding day at Foil Vendies that the pnsoners were to bo rclccisunl. When the anchor of th,- frigate wan seen to rise, the crowd of the quay appeared fo bn alruek with a mortal stupor; and agmn, as >/ they warn ac ed on by an elec'nc atrolte, they uished likn a torrent to wards the entrance of the port, in an iii3tant tho jetty and the highest mcks running into tho bDii appeared to us to 1)0 covered with men, women, and children, (stretching llieir aims towauls tho ahij> that .it each muinent beonie more distant. '1 hey utt"ivd (ho most piercing slnioLs, still calling on those who could not hear them. 1 assure you it was a terrific scene. Ne 1 er had f assisted ar a tcene which had so painfully aflected me. Such scones cannot be forgotten, for it was a human giief carried to the highest pitch, lepre.sented on a theatre of vast extent. On one sidn bluck, and, desolate rocks; on tho other the tranquil azure sea, on which the last rays '>f a spring sun glowed from a cloudless sky. I believe theio would be an end to revolutions in France if it weio possible that all revolutionists, even the most hardened, could be piosent at such a scene. The French Government lms granted 50,000f. for a monument to Marshal Noy. Among the rcjiorfcs which go far to confirm tlie general expectation of tho proximate establishment of the empire, is the following — by no means the least siffiiilicunt. It is snid that the President has dissolved his illicit connexion with Miss i Toward, and reconciled that lady, by the condition of u handsome settlement, to retire from a position, which becomes more .scandalous i)i proportion to the elevation nnd splendour of the power to which it is attached by a forbidden link, and from which it receives a glaring rcilection. Letters fron Venice state thnt tho reception given by the Grand Duke Conatantine to the Count or Chambord was in every respect regal. lie invited the JVince to dinner, placed him at his left hand, and the Countess on the right, and treated both throughout as if they were reigning Sovereigns, addressing tho Count of Chambord as "Sire." On pnying tlie Grand Duke another visit the next da}', they were received w ith similar honours, all the crow of the ship manning the yards, in the conversation, the Grand Duke is said to have expressed himself very frankly on the state of France. A Frenchman happened to observe that the next thing to bo done by Louis Napoleon was the establishment of the Empire. The Grand Duke oxpresscd his disbelief, adding that lie beliovod the I 'resident to bo a man of too much sense to take any step tbM wouJd dispose foreign powers against him,

[From the "Tiiiim," April 14.1 Paris, April J3tli, 5 o'clock v.m. — It appears that it is positively on the 10th May that the grand review for distribution of tho eagles to the army will take place. The whole of the forco quartered in Paris and its neighbourhood will bo present, and the other regiments of the army will he represented by their colonel and a deputation. On the evening of tho 9th a fete will be given at the military school by the Army to the President of the Republic, who has signified his acceptance of tho invitation ; while, before tho ball commences, fire-works, which are in course of preparation by the artillery regiment of Vincenncs, will play from the heights of Chaillott, fronting the Champs do Mars. " Coming events cast their shadow before ;" certainly all this looks somewhat imperial. In the mean time one or two organs of the Elyseo rather than of the Government, are growing more Napoloonean perhaps than Napoleon himself, "The pacific Empire," says a recent number of the Bulletin de Paris, wliojc director, hy the way, holds an official position. That i"), the Monarrhial Imperialist Institutions without the wars which h/ivo turned them from their real objects— the Empire with peace, uin fact, tho noblest, tho grandest, the most useful government tliut T'r.inco can possess. France abandoned it with regret in tho prpsonco of a foici^n invasion; it is tho government she desires, it is that which ia adapted to Ikt ta«les, her instincts, her wants; it is in tho logical course of events. It is tho Government of which oven now aha lias the half, and the entire of which she will certainly have within a period we mny calculate without arithmetically fixing it We are in expectation of it since tho 10th of December, 18 18 ;it will comp whatever he the cause of its anival. The pacific Empire, the Empire without its dangers, nnd its glorious peril, would, at this moment complete tho wishes of the population. It would respond, to their instincts, their political worship, their wants ; it would secure to them calm and prosperity, by definitive stability. The population desires, at any cost, this Pncific Empire. General Canrobert, Aide-de-camp of tho President of the Republic, has addressed to him the following letter, dated Clamecy, 4th April, 1852 :— Monsuigiieur, — I have fhe honour to Tender you an account of the result of my imasion iv the arromlissument of Chmecy. All that 1 have read, all that I have heard hn to the ravnges of Socialism in iln* country, is much less than truth I tun hoi e in the veiy heart of demagogy. The evil is immense, tho wounds are deep, and still bleeding. Let the incredulous come into the Nievre — let thi'in sec what it was previous to the second becomber and what it is at present— let them study tho dossiers of 479 individuals of Clamecy condemned either by couit-muriial or by the departmental commission, and whatever may he their determination to I close their eyes, they will bo compelled to open them, and to confess that the gicat not of the 25th December has saved society. Notwithstanding all my doftire, Monseigneur, to fulfil your intentions by using clemency largely, it has been impossible) for me to extend it to more than b"i individuals, many of whom are simpl>y the ohjoct of a commutation of puninhmejit. In vimting the pusoim of this town I found in them 42 individuals politically compromised, upon whom the mixed commissions h 'ye not yet ducided. 1 have pionounced on their fate in extending to all the effects of your mocy. ] am, with profound respect, Mqnaeignpur, Your vmy humble ami very devoted servant, The General of ISiigade, Aide dtvcainpof the Pnnce (.'resident, Coinnmsnry Extrnordmaiy, Canhobi hi. Colonel Espinasse, aide-de-camp of the President of the Republic, sent as CommiwuyKxtraordinary to the departments of tho southwest, arrived on Friday at Boulimix on his return from his journey. i M. Dun ton, a banister of Jiayonnc, who was sentenced by the mixed departinonhil commission to expulsion from t!u l ( 'ivuch territory, li-is rcceivi'd a pnssjiort for .Sp.iiii, He quitted J'au on the iith instant.

MM. Chul>o jukl Delissalde, of Bnyonno, ordered by a decision of the depaitmontal commission to quit the French toivitory for the present, hnvo received their passports, the first for Belgium, Mic second for Spain. They arc to quit Ba\onno on the l Oth inst. Seventy-four political prisoners sentenced to transportation were transferred from Toulouse on the 10th. The prisons in that city have been cleared of political prisoners. The steam-frigate Isly sailed from the Gironde on the l>th iribt., having on hoard 350 political prisoners for Algeria. The Mixed Commission of the department of the Vauclufac haa sentenced CAM political prisoners as follows : — To transportation to Cayenne, 19 ; to Algeria, 2G5 ; to expulsion from France, 7 ; to he removed temporarily, 5 ; to have a fixed residence assigned to them, '302, ; to he placed under the surveillance of the police, 24 ; to ho sent for trial before another Commission, 1 ; to be sent for trial before the Tribunals of Correctional Police, 17 ; to be .set at liberty, 14 ; remaining at liberty 27. According to a decision adopted by M. Quentin B'uichart, Comuiio-ary of the Government, 0(5 of those political prisoners sentenced to transportation to Algeria have been set at liberty; 21 G of those sentenced to have a fixed residence assigned to them hnvo been released ; two removed temporarily from the French territory, have had a fixed residence assigned to them in France, and one expelled from France, has been removed temporarily. Each individual on being pardoned signed a declaration abjuring the pernicious doctrines which had perverted him, together with a formal renunciation of all secret societies, and an oath of fidelity to Prince Louis Napoleon. All have, moreover, been placed under the stirveillatice of the police, by which menus any of them who shall give cause to believe that they have violated their oaths shall have a fixed residence assigned to them within the French territory. The political o {Fenders who have been transported into Algeria, are to be divided into three categories. The first is to comprise those who possess property or arc skilled workmen, and they are to be placed in the towns on the coast, where they can live on their incomes or obtain employment. These persons would have been unfit for agricultural labour, and the expense of establishing them in the agricultural colonies would have been very considerable. The second category is to consist of such of the transported as present guarantees of " good conduct, or express repentance ;" they arc to be placed in different villages as freecolonists, under the simple superintendence of the authorities. Jn a short time the Government will probably afford them pecuniary assistance, so that they may colonize on their own account. The third category is to comprise the more " dangerous portion" of the transported. They arc to be divined among several camps or villages in the bands subjected to severe discipline, but their food and lodging arc to be provided, and if their conduct be good, they may become free colonists, obtain possession ot land, and be joined to their families The districts to which the second and third categories to be sent are Berkadem, Douera, Maison Carroe, Bourkika, Ain-Benian, Am Sultan, and (if necessary) Tizorain, and Oued Bontan, in the province of Algeria; Bono, Caroubire, and Mers-el-Kebir, in the province of Oran. It is expected that the labour of the transported will greatly facilitate the colonization of Algeria. The transported of the first class intend to send for their families. Not the least dramatic incident of the revolution of February was the discovery, in the archives of the Prefecture of Police, ot a series of reports embracing several yearn, supplied by an individual who had always been considered as one of the leading and influential members of the ■secret societies. The party in question, Lucien de Ilorlde, Avas named to a high and confidential office in that department, and it was learned with astonishment that the man who was looked upon as the pink of loyalty had been for years a secret agent in the employ of the Government. The incidents that followed that startling discovery were worthy of the stage. It is whispered that a similar discovery has just been mado in the case of a person who had been also named to a confidential post of a certain description, but who has been deprived of it even before he could take possession. This appointmont, however, had the effect of exciting the greatest discontent amongst the numerous employes of the establishment in question, and one in particular unfortunately called to mind that a person of the same name had been employed by the Government as a secret agent to Avatch the movements of Louis Napoleon, who was at that time residing in London. The malcontent instantly set to work, and after a good deal of trouble, and encountering no small i difficulty in the course of his researches, laid his hand on the documents he wanted, and which it is said prove the identity of the party who has held and still holds a confidential post under the Government, and who probably is not yet aware of the discovery that has been made. The papers in question have, it is added, been submitted to the President. Whether the nomination will be cancelled or not Ido not knoAv. But it is not at all unlikely that if the particular one in question be annulled, some other post Avill be found for him, perhaps similar to the one he held before the revolution of February. The agents of the Treasury took possession on behalf ot the State, on Saturday, of the property of Morceau, and yesterday of Neuilly, which form part of the confiscated Orleans property. It is said that the concierge of the former made some resistance to the order to give up the keys of the place, and the Commissary of Police had to be sent for. lie also refused to retain his place which the agents proposed to him to keep. This is the commencement of the execution of the illegal and arbitrary decrees of tht 22nd of January. The Prince de Canino has arrived in Paris, and, it is said, has had an interview Avith his cousin the President of the Republic. Whether anything of an interesting kind passed bctAveen the tAvo is not stated. To his friends out of doors the Prince (Canino) noAv declares that he never had any intention of going to Rome : that his destination was Civita Vecchia, where he hoped to see his xhen of business, and settle his affairs. Notwithstanding his protestations to the contrary, it is believed that he was most disirous ot going to Rome, and that it was only OAving to the refusal of the Pontifical Government that he did not do so. It is not, hoAvcvcr, believed that politics hud anything whatever to do with his journey. Louis Napoleon on Saturday gave a private audience to M. Baudoing, Deputy of the Legislative Body, M. Maximo Gausscn, Member of the International Jury, and MM. Bietry, Ducroquet, Hermann, and Leolere, on the subject of the projected Palace for the Exhibition. The Univers publishes the following article on the desecration of the Sabbath in Pans: — j VV> recur with regret to ft serious fact which wo linve already lemarked on. Notwithstanding the circulars of the Ministers of the Interior and of Public Works, the Administration continues fo violate the repose of tlio Sabbath. VVoik was por formed »s well on Easter Suriilny as on the Sundays preceding. One of our renders has remarked to us works executed on tho angles of tho Plaoo dv Pantheon, and which assuiedly were by no means urgent. Another appmesus tha works were likewise executed in iho lue Castigliono. t The government itself proclaimed, by those olhoiiil circulars, tlmt such facts weredoploinble; it acknowledgul that they woio insulting to the. Christian faith, anil that they compiomised the trim interest ns well as th<> dignity of the operative. Neveithelem they me niccs-s-inlly lenewed. Whence arises pucji u difference between wonls, and nets? Wo mise no doubts as to the sincoiity of tho d'ovoniment. \n conuiiandinp that all woiks exfii'iiled .it, tin- expense of the Sidle in tho di,'partmGnl3 and commmiPH should he suspended on Sund'iy, it expiesaed nn absolute mid delibeiate will. It is conseqt en'ly tho inferior a^'-nts who aro ftuilty of UiiHHU<uidl(,!iud who mock at both tho commands of tho (jioruinraint :uid the lawb of Urn Church ut tho same

time. Wo do not w iah at present to ascertain who those flaunts arc, for we desire to avoid nil personal accusations; anil wo still trust that the Government will cause itJ commands to be obeyid. The day before yesterday the Cardinal Archbishop of Bordeaux and Monsignor Flavio Chigi, tlic abligato of the Holy Sco, visited tho prison of St. Lazaro. They were received by the Chaplain of the prison, who conducted them to tho cell in which St Vincent do Paul died, and which lias been recently converted into a chapel. After having offered up prayers in this chapol, they visited the other parts of the prison, and expressed their admiration of tho general order that prevailed there. Tho Monitcur publishes a decree, signed Louis Napoleon, appointing M. Itegnault, Member of the Institute and professor at tho college of France, to ho Administrator of the manufactory, at Sevres, in place of M. Ebclmen, deceased. A further! decree appoints numerous officers in the National Guard of Paris. The Moniteur contains the following article signed Communique: — The Gazette tic Piusse has pretended that the Prince President of the Republic has written an autograph letter to King Leopold, to express to him «i dosiro that the Jiolgian institutions should l/o placed in harmony with those of France, and that the abuses of the press and of the Parliamentary regime should be repressed. Tins Journal adds that tho King replied in a manner to n nder an European war probable. Those assertions ropoae on no foundation, the correspondence quoted by the Gazitte de Prusse is imaginury. General Sauboul, in taking the command of tho Hotel dcs Invalidcs, published the following order of tho day: — Officers and soldiers of all grades fit (lip Hotel dcs Invalid^,—-lieing summonqil by the coniidenco of tho Prince President of the lepublic to command, under tho ord»rs of tho illustrious .{Marshal the Governor, the glorious remains of all our armies, I remembor with pride that, having commenced my career 45 years ago as a private soldier, 1 took part with tbe greatest number of you in the great wars of the Empire. From tho present time I will watch with you over the mortal remains of the great Emperor, and all of us will endeavour to justify by our conduct tho high honour conferred on us. J count on you, my dear comrades: your good conduct, I am convinced, will render my task c.my and will permit me to ameliorate as much as possible your position. Reckon on me, and I will respond to your confidence by the most constant solicitude for your interests.

April 6. Saubout. Admiral Sum, who was to replace Admiral Lo Prodour in tho command of the squadron in the Plata, will leave Paris in a few days for Brest, where a vessel is in readiness to convey him to liis station. The Corps Lcgistatif met to day at 3 o'clock, under the presidency of M. Billaulfc. The minutes of the last sitting having been read and approved, several members, who were not present at tho opening of the session, were sworn in and admitted. Tho President then communicated to the Chamber a project of law relative to the rehabilitation of convicts, which had been forwarded to him by tho Minister of State. According to tho project individuals sentenced to a penalty carrying with it infamy can only apply for their rehabilitation five years after the expiration of the penalty; and those condemned correctionalJy three years afterwards. In all cases, the rehabilitation shall only be granted after tho payment ol the damages and costs. Three other projectu of law relative to departmental expenditures wore also deposited on the table. The House was afterwards to hear tho report on tho copper coinage bill, but the committee having modified three of its clauses, tho amendments were referred for examination to the Council ol" State, which had not yet made known its decision. M. Billault subsequently informed tho Chamber that a number of bills would be shortly submitted to its deliberation, which were now before the Council of State. Amongst them were a project on raihondh, another on Customs, u third on mortgages) together with the law ot accounts of 3848 and J849. _ The budget for 1853 wits also to bo presented without delay and tho President reminded the Chamber that one of its most important attributes was the axamination and discussion of financial laws. The preparation of these bills, he added, would be attended with inevitable delays, but ho nevertheless assured the Assembly that their session would bo amply filled up. Ho could not fix a day for their next meeting, but the members would receive duo notice of it at their houses. The Chamber afterwards adjourned at half-post 3 o'clock.

(Prom the (< European Times," April H.) Scarcely a day passes but the teeming columns of the Koniteur bring fortb some now despotic decrees, which set at defiance all previous calculations as well as every principle of representative Government. Scarcely liad the conversion of the Five por Cent. Rentes been decided upon and announced, limn n scheme of finance was promulgated, which plainly shows th.it the Legislative Chamber will bo even a greater mockery than was anticipated. Duties on wines, for example, ore filtered, modified, and increased in a manner regardless of the public or the parties engngt'd in the wine trade; the entire decree fxliibiting a profound contempt for public and private opinion. It ia intimated further, that a dfcreo is about to be issued which wilJ be more astounding than any which has preceded it. It is to consiHt of only three liuea, which are 10 have a more magical effect than any form of words yet disclosed. Some poraoßS allege that Iho st.ito of siege is to be remo* ed ; and tho people of Pans are torturing their wits to discover what is meant by this mysterious announcement. Whether the i>ow decree which is to appear on the 29ih instant will establish an open imperial regime, or whether it will embody some new act of spoliation, remains to be seen. Wo are quite prepared for the worst deeds tyranny can compass. When wo read in the Pai is journals a week ago a statement reechoed by the coi respondent of the Globe, that a reduction was about lo take place in the French army, to the extent of 1 20,000 or 125,000 men, we wholly disbelieved it; and wo declined to be the vehicle of propagating such a lumour. As nobody gave tho smallest credit to it, it is nlmost superfluous for the Moniteur do I' Ai mcc to declare that such a reduction is wholly | irreconotleubla with the state of France And Algeiia. The present system cannot be maintainedn single hour, except by an immenbc standing nrmy unscrupulously devoted to tho Dictator. Our opinion remains unchanged upon the eventful issue of this woful tyranny. The Mouiteur contains a decree for regulating the position of tho Chambers undtlie President. Each senator mny propose to present to the President the basin of a bill of great national interest; ten senators must sign any proposals for the modification of the Constitution. 1 hits voluminous decree settles all (ho standing rules for the gi eat deliberative bodies of the slate; as Louis Napoleon cannot conceive that any one can draw up even a standing older except himself. Ho meddles with every Ihing, and attempts to settle evevy thing aa if he had only to deal with puppets and not with men. Oae of the moKt important provisions in the ordinance is that which prevents the speech of a deputy from being printed, unless with the permission of the Chamber. 01 course the speeches of tho servile Government uliives will be made public, whilst any expression tending to public libeity, wbich some bold deputy may venture upon, will be «ure to be snppre.sed The printingof a deputy's speech is punishable by fines of from 500 to 5000 francs against printers, and 5 to 500 francs against distributors. The Prince de Canino has suddenly led for Romn. While all tho various classes of polit iciittin are speculating upon the motive of tho sudden journey, some of them being hO sanguine as to bolievo that it is to cxtuit from the Pope tho concessions in favour of popular government, shadowed ibith in the memorable letter lo Colonel Ney, we suspect that meio vnnity xvill be found at the bottom of it ;' and Louia Napoleon, in mimiciy of his undo, is trying to induco the Pope to play a personal port in tho approaching coronation of the new Emperor of France! As no one knows one day before another wlmt deciee will appear, we scuicely wonder that the merchants of Havre, who are deeply ijitoiealed in the sugar trade, should experience giv.it alarm in consequence of a report tbnt it »a intended Mioitly to inako sonws modifications in the ex-l-stinj', law. 'flip most earnest lepresontationb havo be«u maid) to i lie Piesidcnt on the sulij^ct. We ptrceivo th.it the destination of ft], tMiot, the ex-deputy, has been, once moie changed. Instead of being liaiioportod to Cayi'iina, ho ia to bo sent to Lumbessa. in Africa.