Extracts.

New Zealander, Volume 3, Issue 188, 18 March 1848, Page 3

Extracts.

THE SLAVERY OF CIVILIZATION. [mum hie atlas ] In our own age and country, the growth of paupen>m, winch is the name our lefineinent bestows on seivuucU, may almost be said to be commensurate with the inei rase ot our greaines»asa people, and, what ii worse, our pi ogress in enlightenment would appear to be inaiked by increased nuhffeience and Neverity to wards our hewers ot wood .md drapers ot wutei. This may appear paradoxical to 1h0.3e who form their notions on ihis subject from the language and sentirnems of tJie prebh. But although puolic opinion usually sekcts the conductors of the pi ess to be us interpieteis, it is very far from bei q at alt times in haimony with the e inclusions of their philosophy. On thee mtrary, the lapse ot a wliole generation 18 sometimes required to infuse into the body ot tin naiion wholesome reel'ngs and correct views on sou egieat questions of humanity. There is a vis ineitlje m the public not to be suddenly overcome, and this perhaps was never more strikingly or paiufnlly exhibited than during the struggle which hd.s now for some time been making to better the condition of the poor. ■*• * * From the pool law Co'nrnisMoners invested with state and puvter iii the menopoJis, down to the humblest relieving officer, we have a vast hierarchy of anti charitable functionaries, whose business it is to bee that the poor aie nowhere too well useil,to diminish the pittance of the widow, to iubbist the friendless and fathcilcss at (he le.ist possible charge that will enable them to kei'p body and soul together to defeat the attempts oi unfortunate vagabonds who in infirmity or old age seek u regularly to establish * settlement, and above and befoie all things, to ejec and chase away the unhappy Irish, diiveiunt) this isl.md by starvation, and persecuted here and sought to be chabed back, by the rigours of an irrational puorlaw. A remmkable illustration of tliis disgraceful truth hag jusi been supplied by the case ot the Irishman Kane, liis wife und chiidien, wh sj wor&e than treat-

mcnt, has cast so deep a stain on Ferriby f in Lincoln • shire. A farmer whose name is Spencer, had given Kane work, and during the period of his employment apparently suffered him, with ins wife ahd six chifdien, to take refuge at night in his stables. When his labor was no longer needed, Kane was desired to remove hii wife, then ill of a fever, and drawing near her confinement, from the stabler, and payment of what was due to him was refused til) he should comply with this inhuman order. No choice, therefoie, was lefc the wretched Irishman. He took his wife and children out into the road, to make his way with them to the next village. After hours of indescribable agony, the unhappy woman reached it — but instead of finding a kind reception from any Christian soul, she was constrained to lie down in the street, where, in the midst of a crowd of children, she was deliveied. No one took pity on her, no one, rich or poor, opened Ins door to her. Numbers camp to look on, but it was not till her child was devd that she was admitted into the stable of an inn. It is impossible in relating this circumstance not to remember who, in his helpless infancy, wa* laid in a nmnger in the stables of an inn, because there was not room for him in the house— and yettbat lesson has, it seems, not taught us how we ought to act to each other. If this be civilization, give us back again ths barbarism of our ancestors — let ua at least cover our crime und inhumanity with the thick cloak of ignoiance, and become unconscious of the enormities we commit. The Coroner's fury who sat on the body of Kanes child, uou'd appear to have been not wholly without sympathy, though it was concentrated on the wrong object. They (eltfoi the fanner, Spencer, who had been assailed probably in the neighbourhood, more or less amjnly, by public opinion, and not with the unhappy laborer Katie, overwhelmed with poverty and distress, and condemned to lead the lie of a wanderer in a strange land, for verily Kngland has proved a land of strangers to him, a laid of inhospitably without chanty, and almost without mercy. But not altogether, (or now that the measure of his affl etion is nearly full, he seems to be fast finding friends, and will, in all likelihood, be comfoitibly piovided for. His case however is not a solitary one. Hundreds ot thousands ol k'ooters. Ir.bli and JC lglish, are exposed to the iidmc trials, and experience! if possible, still less commiseration.

StniMrcu-i imb of nii; Swiss Herdsmen. — The real lite of the chalet is at ull times one of labor and hardship — nor must we take our general idea of it from those chnlCt-auherrjes, as they may be called, that are within the common leach of travellers. In the higher stations, which me noi accessible to females, the men, as may be imagined, aie altogether wild in their appearance and habits. They live in the most disgusting dirt, amidst smoke within, and the manure of cattle without. The chalets in their best state are miserably cold, admitting the wind from whatever quarter of the compass it may blow, between the interstices of the trunks of pines of which they are bulk. The move--ables consist of noth'ng* but the cauldron and utensils for the nulk and cheese, and a large plank for a table: neither chdiis nor beds enter into th: furniture department : diied grass, about a foot in thickness, st-Idotn 1 changed, and a few coarse woollen blankets, on which the) lie down night after night without tnkmgoff their clothes, serve for one common couch. In some of the distiicts the shepluids waich nil the first week that their cat'le come on the heights, ior fear they should fall over the piecipices, or wander among the glaciers afterwards they take it in t'-rn to sieep and watch. In those places wlieie cheese cannot be made on account of scarcity of Wood, and tht» pasluragd is in consequence appiopmted only to feeding cattle and hoises, or, a>> in the IngnVr Alps goats and sheep, the herdsmen have no other shelter than the hollo vs of the rocfts, and bivouac in the open air along with the objects of thtir care. During the forty days the season lasts on those h-glu-st heights, thejmen never taste either bread, meat, or wine : they subsist entirely on milk, which, added to the purity of the air, agrees with them so well, that they always descend into the valleys, alter their probation, with a considerable increase of embonpoint, and uniformly leave their stormy solitary rc»iuii» with great lelucrance Wherecheese is fnade, the men generally leceive thnr wages in the material they manu deiure, at the rate of about eight pounds pel annum Eughsh money. Tney are fond of ths ea tie, without, paying niucu attention toiheir comfort. They tat»e no ca.e to protect themiiom the noontide hoalb or btorms>, lu\itijj no building of any kind to shelter them under ; and they tufJer them to graze about, draggling a» tiny wi.l, when by a little attention they ti.i^ht make tne grass suppoit neuly double the number. Tney attract the cows as milkmg-time with salt, of whith they give them great quantities ; and they cass the lab >ur of milking thsm by sitting during the operation on little low stools, which they carry foi that purpose, ready strapped round the latter end of their peisons, producing an effect morechardctei istic than poetical. The cheeses on the higher Alps are finer-flavoured than those on the lower, on account of the aromatic herbs moie abundantly produced theie, and which supplys the place of salt in the preservation ot the cheese. — Mrt>. tbtiutt s Domestic Residence in Switzerland. Gucci a.n Agriculture. —I have before mentioned that the agntultural implements of the Greeks are exceedingly detective. The piuugh is the same at, that dcs( nbeu by Heiiod three thousand yeais ago; u Mtnple piece ot crooked timber, with only one shaft, and the ploughbhaie made ot haid wood, sometimes t'ppjd with iron. The harrow, the roller, the tormentor, the ihiubluug and winnowing machine , are perfeo ly unknown in Gieece. The thnishing-floers, which generally belong to the communs, are cncular pavements ot about twenty yards in d ameter, with a stake in ths centre, and Usually in an elevated position, to catch the wind, which is the Giecau winnowing fan. To this htako ar u tied half -a. dozer, horses, oxen, mules and asses mdiscnimu it ly, and harnessed abreast, or, rather tied together by a rone round the neck. The coin beiDf; bt ewed nil over the floor, the cattle aie placed at Ibe outer circumference, and di nen tounil and round, their cncle becomiug ana 1 smaller every tune, by the lope coiling itself round the post, till they iiecess&aiily oomu to hat in the centre. They are then turned louud, eachcucuu then extending by the cord unwinding, till iliey again i each the edge of the pavement. In tins manner the corn is ''trodden out ;" and it may hi lemaiked thdtlhe Gieeks n»idly observe to the letter the Scnptmal injunction, " Thou blult not muzzle the ox that tieadeth out the coin." — Shong'i Greece. The City op Hayti. — Instead of a handsome city, such as it appeais from the ship's deck at sea, rising ou a gradualjelevation from the shore, and adorned with good hou'.es and gardens, you inter into streets of wooden buildings, with the pavement dislocated or biokenup, the duins neglected, aud filth and stable dung liueirupting" your steps in ever/'directiou The quay n spacious, but the water is shtilh^Vi near the shore : and all sorts of uncleanhness are suffered to annoy the bense-i. A constant malaria is> the conseijuence, whici at a certain season of the year renders the lowerViuai ter of the city very sickly, and occasions much mortility among the sailors from foiei^n paitb. i'ort au Pi'iiiQP, with all its advantages of sstuauun,

with every inherent capability of being made and kepi, delightfully clean, is perhaps the filthiest climate m the woilJ, the houses in general areof two stories, bin It slightly of wood, to aroici the rend and tear occasioned by earthquake*, which at different times have nearly demolished the city. Some few of the better habitations are of brick or stone, and may oe called handsome edifices. The Senate-house »s a plain substantiil bnilding, with no pretension to splendour; and the palace of the President, the largeit edifice m the crty, was built by the English, for the general's head-quartera, during their temporary ocmpation of the south of the island ; and is, therefore, as little like a loyal palace as any lepubhcan could de»ii c. The Ilaytian flag, of red and l»Iue, floats on its turrets ; and it has in front a spacious couit, in wliii'h are lodges for the military guard of horse and foot, which are constantly on duty. These are the only public buildings worthy of notice. The lloman Cutholic curch is a capacious slructme, but very plain and homely. — Bncf Notices ofHayti, by John Candler. To preserve Flowers fresh.— lt is now, alas ' a long eighteen years ago since we first s>aw, in the drawing-room of a gentleman now no more, in the hot, drr weather of the dog-days, flowers preserved day alter day in all their freshness by the following simple contrivance : — A flat dish of porcelain had water poured into it. In the water a vase of flowers was set ; o\er Hie whole a bell glass w<">s placed tilth its rim in the water. This was a ' Ward's case ' in principle, although different, in its construction. Tlu air that surrounded the (lowers, being confined b^npatii the bell-glass, was constantly moist with the water that rose into it m the form of vapour. As fast as the water was condensed it ran down the sides of the bellglass back into the dish : and, if means had been taken 1o enclose the water on the outside of the bell-glass, so as to prevent m evaporating into the air of the mttin.",room, the atmosphere around the floweis would luve remained contumacy damp. Wha is the explanation ot this ? Do the flowers feed on the viewless vapour that surrounds them ? Perhaps they do ; but the great cau^e of their preserving iheir freshness is to be •ought in another f<ict. When flowers are brought into a siiting-room th?y fade, because ot the drviies^of ths air. The air in a sitting-room is usually nething drier than that of the garden, and always m li more so than that of a good green -hou^e or st"vp. lowers when gatheied ai\i cut off from the supply „ uure collected for them by their roots and their mutilated steins are fur fiom having so great a power ot sucking up fluids as the root 3 luve. If, then, with diminished powers of feeding they aie exposed to augmented perspiiation, as is the case in a diy sitlm^-room, it is evident that the balance of gsin on the one hand by the roots, and of loss on the other hand by their whole surface, cannot be maintained. The result can only be their destruction. Now, to pi ice them in n damp atmosphere is to ivstorc their balance ; because if their power of sucking by their wounded ends is diminished, so is their])<>.ver of peihpinng ; for a damp atmosphere will 10b them of no water. Hence they maintain their freshness-. The only difference between plants in a ' Ward's cisc ' and flowers in their little apparatus just desciibed is thih — that the former is intended for plants to grow in for a considerable space of time, while the latter i« merely for their prcgervati n for a few days ; and that the air which surrounds the flowers is always changed with the same quantity of vapour, but will vary with the circumstances, and at the will of him who has the management of it. We recommend those who love to sea plenty of fresh flowers iv their sitting-rooms in dry weather to piocuie it The experiment can be Hied by iiueiting a tumbler over a rosebud in a saucer of water.— Gardeners 1 Chronicle. Curious Case in Mcdic \l Jurisprudencf.— The ' Gizette Medicate' relates the following fact j in a recent numbei.— On the 6th of January last, the body of a man was found lying in bed and in a state of combustion, by lonie peisons who en'ered his bed-room in the morning. The chamber was filled with a dense smoke, and vne of the witnesses asserted that he saw playing around the body ot the deceased, a small whitish flame which receded from him as he appi cached. The clothes of the deceased and the coveimgs of toe bed weie almost all entirely consumed : but the wood was. oi- ly partially buint. There were no ashes, and but a small quantity of vegetable charcoal ; there was, however, a kind of mixed tcsidue, altered by fire, and some pieces of animal charcoal which had evidentlybeen derived from ihe articulations. The deceased was in the habit of cat ryuig lucifer matches in his waistcoat pocket, and. aciorJing to his usual practice, he had had a hot hi ick placed at his feet when he went to bed the preceding evening. Two hours aftetwardf, his son and daughter-m law passed by the door of his room, but there was nothing which attracted their attention. It was only tae following morning early his body was in the state described. The deceased was 71 years of age. He was not fat, nor was he addicted to diunkenniss. The temperature of the air w as low ; there were no indications of electiicity. The son and his wife vvtie suspected of having murdered the deceased and burnt the body m order to conceal the traces Oi thi* crime ; and a Dr. Masson was commissioned to investigate the case. The body, which lud been buried was exhumed and examined. Tne cravat partially burnt, was still around the neck, and a pait ot a sleeve of the night shirt was found. The hands completely buint, were only attached to the tote arms by some ctuboniz d tendons, which gave way on the slightest touch. The thighs were completely detached io as to its mble a wilful raut Utiou but for the dibcovery of animal charcoal about them. From these facts, Dr. Matson (considering if impossible to ascribe these changes to lh^ efface of accidental burning and that under common circumstances thoy couM only be pioduced by a violent combustion continuing for some time) diew the inference that the bunting must huve lesulted from some inherent causa m the individual, piobably roused mto activity by the hot biick [.laced at the feet of the deceased. The burning once com i.enced, would be easily suppartcd by the stats of the tls&UCh. Hence Uie case was in bi-> op.mon to be referred to the class of spontaneous combustions. It is said that Oifi a coincided with AJ. Massim in this extraordi-uiy opinion and the accused weic acquittec'. The Mesmerist Ojtwi tld — Ar a me^neiu lecture, in Exeter, by Mr. Ilicky, one of tl.e pa|>cuments most signally failed, to the chargon of tin: lettU'er. Having, as lie fancied, nuMUwiised a table mid a man's hand, and by som-> means lid I Ihe two s > eftecually together that it n'.l depended on 1", m.i.-Iw w, II whether they should ever again be pcrtcJ, he placed a in tempting proxnnil} la the hand " in a fix,' and exclaimed, " Truie now, my rain, it you cd i take up that Mulling you may lhi\'c it, '' " Thank you," baid the honest fellow, .is he coully diopped the coin into his waibtcoat pot kct. The Duk'idom or Tarenium. — \V c Ipam that Mr. M' Dona'd, lately an olFu-or in the Bn is'\ army, aud auinhamtmc of this city, Imj l-ven dejUreil luuto the throne oi fareairm, md tin prop "rtj artajfied theieto Tne dukedom ib l ) I al/, and wn-, i're.iU'd Napoleon in 'avour of General M'i)oiul t . Mi. itDoiiaU'h good fortune was annrunnM to him by uj.

AwruL Destruction by a Watrrspout.— The « Journal des Debate," contain* the following graphic account ofa dreadful storm which broke out on the 18th instant upon the town and Temtoiy ofGy (Upper Sayone.) which now presents an abject of utter ruin .— " The trombe (waterspout) which occasioned this liavoc, discharged masses of. rain and hail, and nothing could withstand the violence of the inundation ; the walls of the houses fell down ; doors, windows, shop-fronts, furniture, and wares, rolled along the streets, bv the strength of the current- The waters invaded every house bitualed in the lower part of the town, the scenes of desolation could be witnessed in all. One mm carries off his mother in his arms ; he endeavoms to save her by t-'king her to an upper story ; the impel uosi'y of the fbod foices him to return back; he then advances leading his motbei by her hand towards a door wlrch opened to the street. He has alreidy passed the threshold, when, owing to the impulse of another wave, the door closes, leaving the unfoi lunate won- an in tlw interior of the house ; her <=on retains his hold. After three quarters of an hour passed in this hoi rid wtuation, a sqneezing of the hand is the last farewell the dying mother can give the Ron, who still va-nly en,'e»uouis to save her life. Suddenly the door opens, the unhap. py man disengages his mutilated arm, and sees the remains of her who was his mother borne away by the flood. Elsewhere a gendarme, who wis rolling beneath an avalanche of sand and enormoui stones, was withdrawn thence, in a dying state. Several persons gen erously exposed their lives to relieve their fellow creatures, and met with serious injury. In the outskirts the ravages are dreadful. Six or seven hundred hec taires of vineyarJs are now but a mass of rocks and earth the territory of Buccy, almo't equ,t[ in extent to that of Gv, har, been entirely devastated by the tempest."— Bell's Messenger. Rki-uge for Female Criminals.— Miss Coutts has detenmned to prepaiea domicile at Shepherd's bush, under judicious and mere ful regulations, capable of containing a considerable number of discharged female prisoners who have been condemned tor offences, punished, and then thrown into the woild, charactei]ess, tainted, abandoned, and helpless. To these the gates of reformation will be opened. They will be instructed in the consoling and upholding value of morals and religion ; they will be taught the means of industry, whereby they can earn their bread : they will be rescued from the necessity of guilt; and if not doomed to mm by evil dispositions which cannot be changed, they will be restored, repen'ant and virtuous members to society, instead cf being outcasts and cuises to that and to themselves.— -lh. National Ilddcation.— The Lord Bishop of Worcester has just appointed a public meeting of the friends of education— both lay and cler.cal — res, dent within the counties of Worcester and Warwick, to be held at Birmineham, (as acentul point,) on Tnursdny, the 7th of October next. The Lord Bishop has issued a circular to the clergy and many of the puucijulldityof the diocese of Worcester, stating hi-, d - sire to "call the attention of his friends to the chuich, both lay and clerical, to the provisions of the lecent Minutes of Council with regard to education, and tD the expediency of a tiaimng school being forthwith established in the diocese, which would give us a claim to participate in the pecuniary grants and other advantages) therein promised."—//*. The Philosopher and the Ferryman. — A philosopher stepped on board a feity-boat, to cross a stream. On his passage he inquhed of the ferryman if he understood arithmetic. The man looked astonished. " Arithmetic ?No Sir, I never heard of it before." The philosopher replied, " lam very sorry, for one quarter or your life is gone." A few minutes after, he asked the ferryman, •• Do you know any thing of mathematics ?" The boatman smiled, and again replied, " No." "Well then," sail the philosopher, " another quarter of your life is lost." A third question was asked the ferrymin, " Do you understand astronomy ? "Oh! no sir, never heard of such a thing." " Well, my friend, then another quarter of your life is lost." Just at that moment, the boat ran on a snag, and was sinking, when the ferry-man jumped up, pulled off his coat, and asked the philosopher with great earnestness of manner, " can you swim ? ' ' No," said the philosopher, 11 Well then," said the ferry-man, " your whole life is lost, for the boat is going to the bottom." ScrNE in an American Police Court.— The JVciw Ot lenns Picayune giveß the following amusing jiccount of the examination of two juvenile Jemmy Tnitchers, before Recorder Gonares. They rejoiced in the names of James Johnson and Joseph Brown, and were accused of abstracting cakes from a roffeestandin the market— What do you say to this charge ? said the Recorder to them. Vy, ve,says not guilty, of course, said Johnson, no one aint bound to criminate himself. Yes, hut you were seen taking the bread by the negro, said the Recorder. A negro aint no witness against a white boy, nohow you can fix it, said Brown. And besides, said Johnson, cakes aint bread, no more nor fleas aint lobsters — so there can't be no indictment found for stealing it. Recorciei — But another person than the ne^ro woman saw you take the cakes — the Commissary himself saw you do it. Brown — Veil, vot of it ? it warn tno burglary, 'cause it was done in daylight, and there warn't r.o lock broken. JohnsonYes, and I should like to ask the ge'man a8 how he knows, s'pose we did take them but that we meant to pay for them- It is not every one that takes things on credit as can be prosecuted for larceny— not by a long i shot. Recorder — Both of you seem to have no incon- , siderable experience, young as you are, in the rules \ of Court, and Criminal practice — have yon ever been up befotc » Court beiore ? Johnson — We isn't bound to answer that there question, 'cause how our kiacters hamt been impeached. Brown— (aside to Johnson,) Right, Jim, mum's the woid — kracters 1 guess we aint quite so green as be takes us to be. Recorder — Well, I shall send both of you to the workhouse for thirty days. You are evidently too idle, too vicious, and I may add too cunning, to be permitted to go at large. Johnson— We calls for a tri.il by Jury, your honor, and a speedy trial at that. The Constitution guarantees it to every '*Merican Citizr n, and we aint si^oin to be chiselled out of >t, no how ! Recorder — At all events I will send you to the worUioube for the present, I wish to see if I en n learn something more about you, Johnson — (a& the officer took them out of Court,) Veil then I'm blowed if we don'L get out on a hnbx) corpy ! r l he unanimous opinion of all in Court who witnessed this " forensic" display, was, that Masters Johnson and Brown are a most promising pair ot jouths, and rrwt probably destined, in the course of "human events, to ndc 1 . to the productive industry of the state, by a residence fur a fixed term in Baton Rouge. The Cheapest Music r.vcn pvbushed. — Some of the tradesmen of Southampton have had printed on their wrapper papeis many of the most Engluh songs. Thus, tea, coffee, sugar, snuff, fig" and other rommotipl.ice articles are associated with the choicest sentimentalities, with tbe best music. Such musical taste spiead, which it doubtless will, in proportion to the ease with which songs aud glees are to be procuied, " Merry" England will reube lo be the misnomer foreigners decl^rs it to be.

ADfciyed Town iv Nova Scotia — As far as Shclburne, all was progressive or rapid improvement, but that unfortunate town was in ruins. It arose in the wilderness like a woik of magic, but had hardly been erected befoi eit was in a state of decay. Twelve or fourteen thousand emigrant loyalists from New York sought shelter in this remote place, at the Hose of the war of rebellion, in the year 1784, and built a large, commodious, and beautiful wooden town, at the head of the magnificent haibour of lioseway. In their haste or their necessity , they overlooked the fact that k town requires a country to support it, unless a trade that has gi own with ita growth supplies its wanti upon equal terms. Remote from the other settlements of the province, surrounded by a trackless forest that covers a poor and stony soil, situated too far from the entiance of the harbour to reap the advantages of the fishing-grounds, and filled with a population unaccustomed to the mode and unequal to the f itigues of settling in a wilderness, it was impossible that a town so constituted could long exist. Some returned penniless and destitute to their native land, others removed to various pails of Nova Scotia, and the graveyard, fiom year to year, received great numbers of those who weie left behind, to mourn, with broken hearts, over their ruined fortunes, their hopeless and helpless condition, and their dreary exile. When I had last seen it, the houses weie still standing though untenanfed. It had all the stillness and quiet ot a moonlight scene. It was difficult to imagine it was deseited. The idea of repose moie readily suggested itself than decay. All was new and recent. Seclusion, and not death or removal, appeared to be the cause of the absence o> inhabitants. But now the houses, which had been oiignally built of wood, had severally disappeared. Some had been taken to piecej, and removed to H*li f ax or St. JomVs, others had been converted into fuel, and the »est had fillena prey to neglect or dec imposition. The chimneys stood up erect, and mat Ued the spot lound which, the social circle had assembled, and the blackened fireplaces, ranged ole above another, bespoke the size of the tenement and the means of its owner. la some places, they had sunk with the edifice, leaving a heap of ruins ; while not a few weie inclining to their fall, and awaiting the first storm to repose again in the dust which now covered those who had constructed them. Hundreds of cellars, with their stone walls and granite partitions, were everywhere to be see", like uncovered monument B of the dead. Time and decay had done their woik. All that was pcribhable had perished, and those numerous vaults spoke of a generation that had passed away for ever, and, without' the aid of any inscription, told a tale of sorrow and sadness that overpowered the heart. A few houses had recently been erected, and a very few of the old had been snatched from decay and repaired ; but of the thousands of in habitants tin's town once contained, tour or five survivors only remained, and the entiie population did not exceed two thousand souls. They were all attached to the place and spoke confidently of its revival, fondly of its noble harbour, and proudly of its former prosp ty en —Frazcr's Magazine. Resuscitation of ihe Drowned. — The vulgar method ot rolling drownel persons on barrels, and vaiious others equally absurd methods of restoring suspended animation, no doubt, more frequently kill than cuie. Di. Mott ot the American Shipwieck So ciety, gives the following directions which cannot be too txteusively promulgated :— " As soon as the body is removed from the water, press the chest suddenly and forcibly downward and backward, and instantly d.scontinue the presaure. repeat this without intermission until a pair of common bellows can be procured ; when obtained, introduce 1 the nozzel well upon the base of the tongue. Surround the mouth with a towel or handkerchief, and close it. Direct a bystander to press firmly on the projecting part of the neck called Adam's Apple, and vee the bellows actively. Then press upon the chest to expel the air from the lungs—to imitate natural breathing. — Continue this an hour at least, until Mgns of natuial breathing come on. Wrap the body m waimblanketb, and place it near the fire, and do everything to preserve the natuial warmth, as well as to impart artificial heat, if possible. Avoid all irictions until respiration shall be in some degree establibhtil." GaAit* Supines or the United States. —The Daily News gives the following extract of a. letter from a merchant in New Yoik '» The stock of corn in North America on hand is of such magnitude that all the channels of transit from the iuterioi to the seaboard, whether they be canals or railroads, are absolutely choked up by bairels of flour and sacks of whtat, corn, and cornmeal. A few days ago the papers stated that, on the Eric canal, they were locking down boats day and night with all speed, only being limited by the capacity of locks, to do the business with more rapidity, and yet there was nevertheless a crowd ot boais accumulating and accumulated four miles in length. The same is the case from Detroit, Montreal, souices whence much matter is conveyed here. And just here now the stock ia lapidly increasing for want of good ships to convey it here. The arrival of Hour alone averages 30,000 baru-K- pn day, besides wheat, coin, and oatmeal, all taken together, to an equal amount. This is not all North Anoeiica, but New Yoik city, I have heard gentlemen say the arrivals will continue thus large until the frost locks up the rivers and loads."