TELLING THE TIME

Hawke's Bay Tribune, Volume XVII, 9 December 1927, Page 9

TELLING THE TIME

SOME ANCIENT DEVICES. Through the ages man has used many methods of reckoning time (says the Now York Times). Before th© dawn of history he measured time by the shadows cast upon rocks—a principle later worked out in the sundial. The phase of the moon divided periods seasons. The cave man. with awakening intelligence, developed an ingenious method of time telling through ropes of grass in which knots were tied at equal distances. He set fire to one end of the rope and crudely measured the time required in burning from one knot to another. The grass rope was a prehistoric ancestor of the “time candle,” with its notches cut at regular intervals, or with alternative black and white stripes. When the time candle burned to the third notch .it was time to feed the baby; at the fifth notch or stripe, the housewife put on the potatoes to boil for the evening meal; at the last notch the family went to bed—the most natural thing to do when the light failed. In the thirteenth century there was invented th© nearest approach to present-day clocks. The word “clock” is a derivation of “glocken” or “cliches”—bells, which struck the hours.

In 1504 a young locksmith in Nuremberg, while serving a term in prison, made the first watch. It was as big as a saucer, and was manufactured of iron. Its accuracy, however, could not be relied on for it lost an hour daily; but when the lost hour was an established fact the owner could estimate time quite exactly. The night watchmen carried these huge watches, and it was for this reason that they were given their name.

The next important invention to the progress toward the modern watch was a hairspring, so called because rf wns faafiloned out of a pig’s bristle. The hairspring in modern watches is made of steel wire so fine that it resembles a spider’s web.

Qimpare the. “insides” of a nig’s bristle watch with the delicate mechanism of the twentieth century product, which, in a lady’s wristlet watch, has screws so infinitesimal that a thimble will hold 20.009. For 11b avoirdupois. 583.333 of these screws are required But each has a bevelled gear, a slot, and a spiral thread. Its weight is 12-1 OOOihs of, a grain. Present-day watches contain 211 pieces, one-third of which are screws.