OFFICIAL BUDGET.

Dominion, Volume 7, Issue 2232, 19 August 1914, Page 6

OFFICIAL BUDGET.

FRENCH SUCCESSES CONFIRMeS

JAPAN'S' ULTIMATUM; v -^&;

- The Prime. Minister yesterdayireceiv--' ; edv.the following official cablegrams' revJating,(to the war:— •'/."• French are advancing, Valley Schorneck, and;.hive so--["cured' lOOOpr&oners. The scene! of the "MasV--;two,/days'-fighting shows'.fthe -dis-.v effects '■'of.-tlie 'Allies' .artillery. Thb criemy's.tfcriches are full of wound--iiltinmtum'te' wrmany is cori- -*. 'fifincd. ._. — >f:The' French'-ifleet',.hv;the.fMeditejTan-r" reah* made aV- sweeps in -.the-Adriatic to j -pattaro and sunk an Austrian oruisor tlio"Aspeni type:.;, :> , 'V./rTKo-FrencTi; success"'at-JMnant .is. con"'firnjed. ..•.■The Gotniarf .'fotees, included '.two'' cavalfj, v di\isidne" and bat-. ic.jt«lions i V .IWagfey.v • I <?3' " 1 Th'b*French' ai;e./orcUig; : a further re- . 'treat' of the Bayanaiis" bourhood of Oirey.' '*■ £; '/;>..f Britain and Japaii'are of-opinion-tliat - notion is - necessary ti> protect? their 'Jjh?' : terests in the Far ,-; ed by ; tlie AHiance,-;esi^cydl^;ui'viow,o_f' I: 'the -necessity of ..ifiauitafhiiig I. pendente and ' -understood.that ! rotoxt-end, in the ■Pa<yfi£,s>ey,gnif th£China Seas, except, wliej-o.|it<;^'jn^es- i sary to -protect' 3apanes&->shipping, Jjjf > the Pacific,' /nor, beyond' . westward, or the China intcP . foreign territory except that '. occupation on the Continent in ISaste-Tft- . ]Asia. ■ - ; \ f.> . - "AMERICAN- ftiUTRAWTY- ■}' LOAN FOE FRANdS'fiEFUSEDi.--: / .(Rcc. August 18. 5.10 p^m.X^;.>*New, Yorlij "Aiigust'l7. .'•The J. P. Mgrgan , Company,., .were .sounded, by French bankers " as- to whether tliey would raise; a loan; in 'America for buying Amorica'a.productS; -but refused to entertain,.tbo.,proposal if " the Administration obiect«i; > ';'The''Adr' ministration intimated -they' could -notintorferb'Tvitb the rights of private; individuals. but"tliQ_lnimaiic course would b& „to .refrain. front' supplying t- 'Europe. • .with the.;means of continuing the-war;• ■^nC-Tinies"-'..'ttadL, Sydney.'.''''Sun"" Sbr,vicos.) ;"• 'V.*,. , . _ *-' New . Yorii, Augnst 17. .Britain, France,.and,Austria,.have dcbliried President Wilson's offer of mediation. • • ■ v/ ABSURD STORIES J GERMAN CRUELTY AND . N ' - ' .COWARDICE. London, August 17. The stories of German cruelties, cowtidvice, and wholesale voluntary surrenders, 'which'"originated'in Brussels, aro described as;absurd by unbiased observers,'wlio declare that the German cavalry advance was' almost foolhardy ; bravery,, their absolute recklessness in- " dicating .that they thought themselves invinbiblb. J Germans in Morocco (Rec., 'August 18, 5.10 p.m.) London, August 17. Germans and "Austrian.*; 'have been expelled from Morocco, because it is alleged that;they -were intriguing and • fomenting'{anti-French!- plots amongst '- -the'naMyfisr"'"'".i

BRAZIL AND GERMANY ; !AN EXPLANATION DEMANDED. . _ (Rec. August 18,10 p.m.) \ Rio de Janeiro, August 17. Brazil has instructed her Minister at Berlin to ask for explanations of the attack oh Senor Bernartfin Campos, a former President of the. State of San Paulo,, and his wife, whom the German soldiers,'■ after ' the outbreak of war, brutally battered with the butts of their rifles, robbed of- ■ jewellery, and cast dying over the Swiss frontier. Brazil demands the punishment of the soldiers. WAR? GAZETTEER PLACES-MENTIONED IN THE ' 1 NEWS. "small town in the valley of the Elbe,"'with a population of about 3500. It', lies ...ten miles distant from Mulhausen aid: twenty miles - from Bell'orfc.' l<'orii!erl> there- were about twenty:castles in tho neighbourhood, of Altkirch,'.but ,they have all been destroyed'by' of war. .• Antwerp.—The decision of the Belgian Government i to.-rcmovo the seat of Government from'.".Brussels to Antwerp is easily understandable, for besides being the chief commercial port of' Belgium the latter city-is the _greatest] fortress in tho country"; Ancient fortifications liavo to a- -great ' extent disappeared, but Antwep to-day is defended, not only by an enceinte, (or inner continuous line of fortifications), but by an outer line of forts, aiid batteries, large and small, at a; distance varying from six to; nine miles from the enceinte. , Antwerp is-regarded as one of the -best fortified positions in Europe, and it ja considered'■practically impregnable, so long as its, communications by sea are preserved,intact. Situated on the I'Sght bank of the Scheldt, Antwerp is a finely laid out city, with a succession of broad avenues and long streets and terraces of fine houses. The population numbers about 400,000. Antwerp lias been a great centre of commerce since, the end of . the fifteenth century, and to-day is ;one, of the leading commercial cities of;-the world. The'place has had a chequered history. In 1576 it was plundered in "the Spanish Fury," and 6000 citizens were massacred. Over two million's sterling. of' damage were done in the town.on that occasion. In. 1585 the' Duke of Parma captured the city and sent all its Protestant citizens into exile. In 1830 tho city was captured by Belgian insurgents, biit the citadel continued to be'held by a Dutch garrison nnder General Chasse. For a time ;this officer subjected the town to a' periodical bombardment, which inflicted much damage. At the end'of 1832 the citadel 'was besieged by, a French- army, and Chasse, after a gallant defence, made an honourable surrender. ' Belfort.—A fortified, town in France, 35 miles W. by N. of Basel, in a position commanding the opening between the Vosges and the Jura Mountains.,. It was besieged by the Germans during tho war of 1870-1871, and capitulated February 16, 1871, but was retained' by France under the treaty of-1871, when the rest of the .Department of Haut-lUiiu was ceded to Germany. Since that date its fortifications have been greatly strengthened.' Its population'is given, as 18,000. ,\Brody.—A town of Austria., in Galicia,' 62 miles east of .Lemberg by rail. Population about 20,000, of whom, about half, are Jews. .'lt is situated near the Russian frontier, and has been one of tlii'most important commercial centres in Galicia, especially'for the trade with Russia. - Since 1879, when its charter ■as a freo city was_ _witlidrawii,;its trade has,greatly diminished. Cattaro.—The chief town of an administrative district in Dalmatia, Austria., It oocupies a narrow,.ledge betweeri,; the Montenegrin mountains and the -Medio di Cattaro, a winding and ! beautiful inlet of the Adriatic Sea. This- inlet -expands into five broad 'gulfs united by narrower channels, and ( fofms' .'one. of. the finest 1 harbours in, -Europfi. ; Teodo, on ,tKe .outermost ;gulf, is a l -small naval port. Cattaro is strongly fortified and in ordinary times' about 3000 , troops are' stationed ;'in; :its ;s neighbourhood. Cattaro has; ;• beenfheld successively by various races including in modern times /the Ital-I'Tahs-'and the French. It .was restored 't'xi Austria in 1814 by ,the Congress y of Vienna: '■ Cracow.—A town . and episcopal see of Austria)'in Galicia, 212 miles W. b. N. of 'Lemberg by rail. ' Tho population of. about* 92,000 includes 21,000 Jews and jJuOO■■'Germans'. \ The remainder are 7 ' Although in regard to its population, it is only a second place in Galicia, .Cracow is, the most interesting town in : the .whole, of Poland. No other Polish town' possesses so many 'old and historic-'buildings, nono of them.contains; sja'f-many national relics or has beert '.'So' closely identified with the' development' and '"'destinies . of Poland as Cracow.- - Aiid-; ; the ancient capital is still'the intellectual centre of . the Polish nation':"'CrtfcoiV'-is situated in a fertile plain I 'off l the left bank of the .Vistula (whiqh'-fcMo'mes-navigably here), and position of-great. strategical impbrtalli!S; • -It consists of the old inner t6wny!and» : sev<sn suburbs. Only relics •remain, bf"the fortifications of the old to\yn,' 3 .- ! The : most' important ecclesias■;tjcal;'b,Uitoifig in- Cracow is the Stauis-lous'Cathedral,-where the Kings of Po-Jaiid'wfire-'crown'ed. 'This church is also the'Paiithedn of' the Polish, nation, the ;iburiaKpltfce.of ;its kings and'great men. ;Here-Ji<iith6 remains of Sobriski, ICosaiid other national heroes. Trarelates that Cracow was -founded ahout a.d. 700. It became thp. capital •o£ 1305, and until 1746 re.iiipiuedstlisr'coronation and burial place ..qMlie Polish', kings. On tlie third partiof Poland in 1795 Austria took 'pf-Ssoasipn of Cracow. Napoleon incorjiofrited' it .with the Duchy of Warsaw, was; placed under the rule of "fho-'Kinglof Saxony. At a conference of the'l'.oif/ers in 1815, Cracow'and its territory were declared to be "for over a free, independent, and strictly neutral 'city, under tho protection of Russia, Austria, and Prussia," but in 1846 it was incorporated in tho Austrian dominions after. being the scene of an insurrection; which the. city senate and other authorities were unable to quell: Charleroi. —A town on the Kambre , in' tHo province of Hainout (Belgium) ,lying'*twenty miles west, and a little ■'south', of Namur. , It lias a population' of about 30,000. Founded in 1666, it I is . tho centre of the iron industry 'in. Belgium and is oonnected with ■ Brussels by a canal. During the French occupation of Belgium Cha-rleroi, twice ' successfully'resisted the strenuous at- . tacks of ''William of Orange. In 1794 tho, Charleroi fortifications were dismantled by the French, but the placo was re-fortified, under . the Duke of Wellington's direction in 1816. It was finally dismantled in 1859. Colmar. —A town of 41,600 inhabitants is the capital of Upper Alsace and tho seat of' the Court of ■ Appeal for Alsace and German Lorraine. It is situated on the Lauch, a tributary of the 111, and the Logelbach, which both flow • through tho town, and is about two miles from tli9 mountains and ten miles from tho' Rhine. Diest is a small town in the province of Brabant, Belgium, situateel on,.tho Demer, at its junction with the Dover. It has a population of over 8000. It lies about half-way between Hasselt and Louvain, and is one of the five fortified places in Belgium. It contains majiy breweries. Dinant is an ancient town on tho right bank of the Mcuse, in the province of Namur, Belgium, and -is connected by a bridge with the left bank, on which is tho suburb of St. Medard. The town has a population of about 8000. Its recent prosperity has been chiefly derived from its being a favourite summer resort .for Belgians and foreigners. Steamers ply from the town to various points up and down tho .Mouse, It is also a convenient cen-

tral point for excursions into tbo Ardbnnes.' Oalicia.—A crown land of Austria, hounded E. and N. by Russia, S. by Bnkovina and Hungary, and W. by Austrian and Prussian Silesia. It .has an area of 30,299 tquaro inilos, and is tho largest , Austrian province. It has the severest climate in Austria. Galicia had in 1900 a' population of 7,285,538, which is equivalent to 241 inhabitants per sqnaro mile. The two principal nationalities aro the Poles (45 per cent.) and the Ruthenians (42 per cent.). Tho principal towns aro Lemberg and.Cracow. Gembloux.—Situated on the railway connecting Namur with Brussels. It lies 10 miles N.W! of Namur and 25 miles S.E. of Brussels. The latter city, Gembloux, and Namur lie practically in a'direct line. Craudenz.—A town of 36,000 inhabitants, 37 miles from Thorn in East Prussia: Is a stro.-ig fortress, which successfully resisted the French in 1807. Is picturesquely situated on tho right.bank of; tho-Vistula. ' Insterburg.—An industrial town of 29.U00 inhabitants in Eastern Prussia, at the confluence of the Augcrapp and luster. It is 57 miles east of Konigsberg, on the railway to Russia through Eydtkuhen, and is at the junction, of tho Hues to Memel and Allenstein. Lemherg.—The capital of the crownland of Galicia, Austria, lies 468 miles north-west of Vienna by. rail. '.It has a population of 206,000 which is very mixed in character, 11 per cent, being Jews, 70 per cent. Poles, ten_per cent. Germans, and most of the. remainder 'Ruthenians. y- Lemberg is- the fourth city of the Austrian Empire, coming after Vienna, Prague, and Trieste. It is situated on tho small river Peltew, an affluent of the Bug,, in a valley; in the Sarmatian plateau, and is surrounded by hills. The town is the headquarters of the Austrian 11th .Army Corps. The fortifications of tho town were transferred into pleaeure grounds in 1811. There are three cathedrals and , a university. Lokal.—From which the Russians are advancing, is a small place on the river Bug, half a dozen miles, inside the Austrian border. Lokal lies about 46 miles N.E. by N. from Lemberg. Louyain.—A. town of 42,000. inhabitants in Belgium, in the province of Brabant, of which it was tbo capital in the fourteenth century before the rise of Brussels. The University of Louvain is attended by about two thousand students. ." The most remarkable building in Louvaiu is the Hotel de Ville, one of the richest and niost ornate examples of pointed Gothic in Belgium. The church.of St. Pierre contains the tomb of Henry I,' Duke of Brabant, who died in 1235.' ...•■• i hiemel.— -A town of Germany in Eastern Jfrussia, the'most northerly town of the German Empire, 91 miles by rail north-east of Konigsberg.. The town is at the mouth of ' the Dange, and on the bank of a sound called the Memeler Tief, which connects the liurischcs Half with the Baltic. On the side next the sea the town.'is ; defended by a citadel and other fortifications, and the. entrance to the harbour is protected by a lighthouse.' There is a big transit trade in timber, grain, and other products, from Russia. After the battle of Jena a! treaty was concluded at Memel in 1807 between England and Prussia! • .- . • ' Pola.—A .seaport of Austria, in Ismiles south of Trieste by rail, with'a population (in 1900) of 45,052. It is the principal naval harbour and arsenal- of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and is situated near the southern end,.of tho peninsula of Istria. It lies at the head of the Bay of Pola, and possesses a safo and commodious harbour, almost .completely landlocked.- An extensive system of fortifications, constructed on the hills which enclose tlio harbour, .defends its entrance, , while it also possesses a good roadstead in the large channel of Three small islands divide the -harbour into two basins. The. inner basin is subdivided by the large Olive Island into tho naval harbour, lying to tho south and tho commercial harbour lying to the north. -At one stage in its history Pola was a Roman colony. It remained -under Venetian supremacy .down to 1797, and; has been permanently united with Austria since 1815. In. 1848 it was select-. Ed as , the principal naval> harbour of Austria. Ramillies.—Famous as the scene of the victory of the allied English. and Dutch, under the Duke of Marlborough, over the French commanded by Marshal Villeroy on the 12-23 May, _ 1736. Ramillies is a village in the province of Brabant, .13 miles .N. by E. of Namur, between the sources of the Little Gheete and of the Mehaigne. It stands almost on the watershed of adjacent valleys, and in. tho celebrated battle was held by the French, and was tho point against which'Msirlborough launched hie main attack. ■ The attack- was successfully, pressed home, and it was not long before the French line was rolled up from right to'left, and they were forced to retreat in - confusion. ; Saarburg.—A small and ancient town in Alsace-Lorraine, 44 miles north-west of Strassburg, and 49 miles by rail from Nancy. It has a population of 9800. and a strong garrison. The town is eiiclosed by walls and gates. St. Marie-aux-Mines,—This town is called in Germany Markirch. It lies in tho Vosges, to ■ the north-west of Colmar, and has a population of 13,000. There are considerable wool and cotton factories. The boundary between the French and German languages formerly passed' , exactly' through tho centre of the town, tho right bank of. the. Leber, or Lieporette, being German, and tho left French, but it is now less strongly defined. SchlrmecU,—A town of 1700 inhabitants in Alsace-Lorraine, 26£- miles from Strassburg- by rail. It ■ lies in tho Vosges,- just under the Donon (3307 ft.), the most frequented summit in tho central portions of the range, from which an extensive view can be obtained over Alsace-Lorraine. ■It was reported that tho'French had occupied this summit. Thann.—A town, of 7900 inhabitants in Upper Alsace, near Mulhausen. -It is picturesquely situated at tho mouth of tfie narrow valley, of the Thur, 'tho mountains • enclosing which are covered with woods on' their upper, and vineyards on their lower slopes. . Thorn.—An old fortified town of somo importance on tho Vistula, in "East Prnssia, with 32,000 inhabitants..Found-, cd by ; the Knights .of tho Teutonic Order in ,1231, and passed to Poland in 1454 arid, to Prussia in 1793 Tirlemont.—A town in Brabant, Belgium, eleven miles south-east of Louvain, with a population of 20,000. It still preserves its enceinte, six miles in circumference. Its principal church, Notre Dame du Lac, begun in the twelfth- century, is still unfinished.