The gonangia are very large (about 4.3 mm. in length and 1.8 mm. in diameter), and their form is very distinctive. Looking at them from the back or the front the longitudinal depression is not noticeable, except perhaps on the top, but seen sidewise it gives the impression of two longitudinal ridges. The aperture, before opening, can only be distinguished by an extremely fine suture. The only specimen was about 8 in. high, with two lateral branches near the base, where the stem was about 2 mm. in thickness. Sertularella johnstoni (Gray). Sertularia johnstoni Gray, 1843, p. 294: Hutton, 1872, p. 256: Coughtrey, 1874, p. 281: Hilgendorf, 1897, p. 207. Sertularia subpinnata Hutton, 1872, p. 256. Sertularia delicatula Hutton, 1872, p. 256. Sertularella johnstoni Coughtrey, 1875, p. 299; 1876, p. 26: Allman, 1876, p. 261: Thompson, 1879, p. 101: Bale, 1886, p. 21: Farquhar, 1896, p. 463: Hartlaub, 1900, pp. 22, 30, &c.; 1905, p. 628: Billard, 1910, p. 13 (in part): Bale, 1914b, p. 25: Jäderholm, 1916–17, p. 10. Sertularella capillaris Allman, 1885, p. 133. Sertularella purpurea Kirchenpauer, 1884, p. 49: Bale, 1886, p. 36. Symplectoscyphus australis Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890, p. 226. Not S. johnstoni Bale, 1884, p. 109; 1893, p. 102; which I have later referred to S. divaricata. Hartlaub (1900) considered S. capillaris, S. purpurea, S. australis, along with S. pygmaea Bale, as synonyms of S. johnstoni. I had in 1886 referred S. purpurea to that species, but I think that S. pygmaea is nearer to S. divaricata. Billard agrees with Hartlaub, after examining Allman's specimens of S. johnstoni and S. capillaris, the latter of which he says has three teeth on the hydrotheca, not four as Allman states. Billard also considered S. divaricata as synonymous, but I have given reasons for dissenting from this view (1914a), with which opinion Jaderholm concurs (1916–17). Type specimens of Hutton's S. subpinnata were received from the Dunedin Museum, and Professor Chilton sends typical specimens of S. johnstoni from Island Bay. Sertularella columnaria Briggs. Briggs, 1914, p. 293. Hitherto this species is only recorded from near Cape Pillar, Tasmania. A single fragment occurs in Professor Chilton's collection, but the part of New Zealand from which it came is uncertain. The species seems to bear the same relationship to the johnstoni group that S. gigantea does to the rugosa group; its gonosome, however, is unknown. Sertularella pygmaea Bale. Bale, 1881, p. 25; 1884, p. 108; 1914b, p. 25: Farquhar, 1896, p. 464: Hartlaub, 1900, pp. 30–32 (under S. johnstoni). Considered by Hartlaub to be a form of S. johnstoni. (Vide Bale, 1914b.)