HYDROGEN Schoolboys know that two parts vf hydrogen unite explosively with one of oxygen to form water. Hydrogen is produced commercially in vast quantities by reversing this process: Water, in the form of steam, is split up into its constituent elements by passing it over red hot coke. The carbon in the coke unites with the oxygen in the steam to form carbon monoxide and dioxide. When these are removed from the mixture, hydrogen is left: Lightest of all the elements, hydrogen occurs free in nature in volcanic gases, but exists in the atmosphere to the extent of only one part in a thousand: Combined with carbon it is present in nearly all animal and vegetable tissues. The high proportion of hydrogen in ordinary coal gas is due to its release from the organic matter from which coal is formed. Industry uses hydrogen for many purposes Some of tha vegetable oils used in the manufacture of margarine require hardening by chemical combination with hydrogen. This is done before they are incorporated in the final blend of fats of which margarine is made. Hydrogen is used in welding and in extraction of metals: Thousands of tons are needed every month by LCI for making synthetic fertilizers: It is used in the production of petrol from creosote oil and coal, for making industrial alcohols and as a constituent of urea, one of the most important raw materials in plastics manufacture. All these, as well as hydrogen itself, are praduced at the Billingham works of ICL ICI IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (Z) LTD:
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New Zealand Listener, Volume 26, Issue 666, 10 April 1952, Page 19
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259Page 19 Advertisement 1 New Zealand Listener, Volume 26, Issue 666, 10 April 1952, Page 19
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