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promptly and in a manner which permits of adequate consideration the conventions and recommendations dealing with matters within their self-governing powers which are brought to their notice in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 35 of the Constitution by the member responsible for their international relations. APPENDIX lI.—RESOLUTION CONCERNING SOCIAL SECURITY PART I In view of the extreme poverty, the wide prevalence of disease and epidemics, the high incidence of infant and maternal mortality, the low expectation of life, and the misery and destitution caused by unemployment and under-employment among the working peoples of most Asian countries, the establishment of social security services, which are an essential condition of building up a genuine democratic society, has become an urgent task. In order that all-round progress may be made in raising the general living standards of the people, and in order that the burden of social security schemes be lightened, it is necessary that such schemes should be accompanied by measures providing for an adequate growth and supply of essential foodstuffs sufficient to meet the accepted standards of subsistence and nutrition, a living wage, decent housing, and a healthy environment and free and compulsory education ; the Conference urges on the Governments of the Asian countries to take vigorously in hand schemes for the achievement of these objectives. This Conference, while noting that proposals for social security schemes are in various stages of consideration in some of the Asian countries, is of the opinion that the progress of such schemes should be accelerated. The Conference recommends to the Governments that these and other schemes which may be organized should seek to cover risks such as sickness, maternity, invalidity, death of" bread-winner, and employment injury and, in the case of industrial workers, old age and unemployment under certain conditions. The Conference holds that implementation of such schemes will be facilitated if the workers and employers co-operate whole-heartedly to increase and intensify production. Such schemes should be framed in the light of the suggestions set forth in the following paragraphs : 1. Income Security A. Social Insurance Planning 1. In the case of all labour that is regulated, income security should be afforded by means of social insurance, financed by contributions from workers, employers, and Governments. 2. In the formulation of social insurance policy, consideration should be given to the following principles : (a) An integral and long-term plan of social insurance, to be fulfilled by stages, should be framed from the outset; (b) As a first stage, social insurance schemes in respect of employment injury, maternity, and sickness should be applied in certain geographical areas or in respect of all regulated labour, as may be found possible ; (c) In fixing the level of benefits the aim should be to afford at least a minimum of subsistence; (d) The provisions governing contribution and benefit rates and benefit rights should be framed in as simple a form as possible ; (e) Provision should be made for merging the rates of employment injury benefits with those of the corresponding benefits of sickness insurance ; {/) Wherever possible, contributions to, and the administration of, insurance schemes providing for sickness, maternity, and employment injury benefits, which have, as a common factor, the provision of medical care, should be unified.

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