101

C.—4

Lumber Export from Canada— continued. Value, Year ended Articles. 31st March, 1908. Lumber, — , $ Basswood, butternut, and hickory .. .. .. .. .. .. 95,410 Battens, and pine and spruce clapboards .. .. .. .. .. 17,585 Deals, pine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,677,158 Deals, spruce and others .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,670,673 Mostly Oregon,— Lathwood .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,376 Laths, palings, and pickets .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,740,486 Planks and boards .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 21,092,297 Joists and scantling .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,046,465 Deal ends .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 318,509 Staves, other, and headings .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 216,172 Lumber, all other n.e.s. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 279,587 Hop, hoop, telegraph, and other .. .. .. .. .. .. 117,406 Masts and spars .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7,262 Piles and pile-timber .. .. .. .. ... .. .. 301,372 Posts—cedar, tamarack, and other .. .. .. .. .. .. 29,757 Shingle-bolts of pine or cedar .. .. .. .. .. .. 55,918 Fence-posts and railway-ties.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 657,521 Stave-bolts .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 100 Shooks, other than box .. .. .. .. ~ .. .. |208,960 Timber, square,— Ash .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 24,786 Birch .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 127,085 Elm .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 213,268 Maple .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 26,525 Oak .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 401,800 Pine, red .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,097 „ white .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 998,298 All other .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 32,842 Wood blocks for matches .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 275 Wood blocks for pulp .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,656,721 $ Total exports of rough and manufactured wood, 1907-8 .. .. 44,082,747 1908-9 .. .. 39,575,826 There are other items of manufactures of wood which are not shown in the above figures. [Note. —In " Accounts relating to Trade," published in England, the following figures for 1907 are given : Value ■of timber imports, £2,715,403 ; value of timber exports, £10,082,055.] Exports from Canada to New Zealand. Article Year t0 31st Article - March, 1908. Wood, and manufactures of lumber, — $ Laths, pailings, and pickets .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7,071 Planks and boards .. .... .. .. .. .. .. 25,648 All other lumber All other unmanufactured wood .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 360 Wood, manufactured, — Furniture .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12,635 All other manufactured wood .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 63,822 Total wood, and manufactures of .. .. .. .. 109,536 Growth of Canadian Timbers. Most of the Canadian lumbers are quick growers, except some of the hardwoods. Millable timber is produced within from twenty-five to forty years ; therefore, the supply, notwithstanding reckless cutting, bush-fires, &c, practically will never give out. In connection with forest-renewal, Dr. Bell says, " The dead trunks of the larger trees generally stand for many years after a great fire. In the summer following one of these conflagrations the blackened ground becomes partly covered by a growth of herbaceous plants, berry-bushes, and shoots from the roots and butts of deciduous trees which have retained some vitality, besides numerous small seedling trees. The huckleberry-bushes, which are very common for the first few years, especially on rocky, siliceous ground, bear abundant crops of fruit. They have sprung from large old roots, which are almost everywhere present in the thick woods, although their tops are quite inconspicuous, and bear few or no berries. In fifteen or twenty years the ground is covered with poplars, birches, willows, &c, to a height of about 30 ft. By this time the dead trunks of the old brule have lott most of their branches, and the smaller ones have fallen down. If we look under this growth we shall discorer many healthy young conifers overshadowed by the more rapidly growing deciduous trees. At the end of about fifty years the conifers are everywhere showing their heads in the form of sharp apices, their