23

A.—s,

The Bill.

monwealth, or of any of the Queen's Ministers for a State, or to the receipt of pay, half-pay, or a pension by any person as an officer or member of the Queen's navy or army, or to the receipt of pay as an officer or member of the naval or military forces of the Commonwealth by any person whose services are not wholly employed by the Commonwealth. 45. If a Senator or member of the House of Representatives— (1.) Becomes subject to any of the disabilities mentioned in the last preceding section; or (2.) Takes the benefit, whether by assignment, composition, or otherwise, of any law relating to bankrupt or insolvent debtors; or (3.) Directly or indirectly takes or agrees to take any fee or honorarium for services rendered to the Commonwealth, or for services rendered in the Parliament to any person or State; his place shall thereupon become vacant. 46. Until the Parliament otherwise provides, any person declared by this Constitution to be incapable of sitting as a Senator or as a member of the House of Representatives shall, for every day on which he so sits, be liable to pay the sum of one hundred pounds to any person who sues for it in any court of competent jurisdiction. 47. Until the Parliament otherwise provides, any question respecting the qualification of a Senator or of a member of the House of Representatives, or respecting a vacancy in either House of the Parliament, and any question of a disputed election to either House, shall be determined by the House in which the question arises. 48. Until the Parliament otherwise provides, each Senator and each member of the House of Representatives shall receive an allowance of four hundred pounds a year, to be reckoned from the day on which he takes his seat. 49. The powers, privileges, and immunities of the Senate and of the House of Representatives, and of the members and the committees of each House, shall be such as are declared by the Parliament, and until declared shall be those of the Commons House of Parliament of the United Kingdom, and of its members and committees, at the establishment of the Commonwealth. 50. Each House of the Parliament may make rules and orders with respect to— (1.) The mode in which its powers, privileges, and immunities may be exercised and upheld ; (2.) The order and conduct of its business and proceedings either separately or jointly with the other House. Pabt 5. —Powebs of Paeliament. 51. The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order, and good government of the Commonwealth, with respect to : — (l.j Trade and commerce with other countries, and among the States ; (2.) Taxation; but so as not to discriminate between States or parts of States ; (3.) Bounties on the production or export of goods, but so that such bounties shall be uniform throughout the Commonwealth ;

Explanation.

Sections 47 to 50. Disputed elections in either House to be determined by the House in which the question arises, but the Parliament may alter this law. Senators and Representatives to receive £400 per year, but the Parliament may alter this law. Senate and House of Representatives to enjoy certain privileges and immunities to be declared by an Act of Parliament. Each House of the Parliament may make rules and orders respecting the conduct of its business. Section 51. The powers conveyed by this section are sometimes described as " concurrent " powers, as distinguished from "exclusive" powers created by section 52—that is, such powers may continue to be exercised by the State Parliaments within the limits of the States until the Federal Parliament thinks fit to legislate with respect thereto, whereupon the State Parliaments cease to have jurisdiction, and the powers become exclusively vested in the Federal Parliament (see section 107). Yet the expression" concurrent," whilst accurate in regard