Papers Past | Parliamentary Papers | Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives | 1949 Session I

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1949 NEW ZEALAND

TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT (ANNUAL REPORT OF)

Presented to Both Houses of the General Assembly by Leave

FOREWORD BY MINISTER OF TRANSPORT Me. Speaker,— During 1948-49 the Dominion's transport system served the public and met the requirements of industry and trade with reasonable efficiency. Over-all increases in passenger and freight traffic volumes were recorded, and although there is still room for improvement in the rate of flow of traffic through the transport system, there was some quickening of the rate during the year. Another satisfactory feature was the progress made in modernizing and expanding our transport plant. Five new vessels entered the coastal fleet, 3,000 new LA wagons became available on the railways, and the number of motor-vehicles licensed increased by 26,000 (including 9,000 cars, 7,000 trucks, and 4,000 trailers). Apart from a few local exceptions the great bulk of transport charges remained constant during the year. The general shortage of labour is still being felt in the transport field, and many .thousands of transport workers have carried more than their share. I would like to pay a warm tribute to the seamen, the railwaymen, the drivers of public motor-vehicles, the tramwaymen, and all the others who have not only kept our transport system functioning, but have been able to make a general advance in efficiency. Honourable members will recollect that last year I placed before them certain general statistics I had prepared relating to the transport industry as a whole. I have had these brought up to date and would again like to point out that although complete accuracy cannot be claimed they are sufficiently near the mark for the purpose of general comparisons.

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CAPITAL INVESTMENT Approximately £376,000,000 has been invested in transport plant and facilities in New Zealand, the division between the different kinds being roughly:— Kind of Estimated Capital m , , Investment lrans P° rt - (000,000 omitted). £ Roads and motor transport .. .. .. 262* Railways .. .. .. .. 78 Coastal shipping .. .. .. .. 24f Tramways .. .. .. .. .. 6 Air .. .. .. .. .. 6 Total .. .. .. .. 376 * Includes value of roads, motor-vehicles, garages, spare parts, &c. ■f Includes the value of Harbour Board's assets other than cash assets. FREIGHT It is estimated that 2,133,000,000 ton-miles were Recorded last year by all forms of transport. This represents over 1,100 ton-miles per head of population. The following percentage figures show how each of the transport services contributed to this total:— Kind of Transport. Railways .. .. .. .. 46 Motor transport— Licensed road services .. .. 16 Other vehicles .. .. .. 17 33 Shipping .. .. .. .. 21 Air .. .. ' Total .. .. .. .. 100 The Railways are the most important form of .goods transport. They undertake just under half of the work involved in transporting goods in New Zealand. While air transport is not yet moving sufficient goods to figure in the percentage table, it continues to increase in importance. PASSENGERS During the year 3,527,000,000 passenger-miles were recorded. This work was distributed between the various transport agencies as follows : Kind of Transport. Railways .. .. .. .. 18 Motor transport — Licensed services.. .. 27 Private cars, &c. .. .. 42 69 Tramways .. .. .. 10 Shipping .. .. .. .. 2 Air .. .. .. .. .. 1 Total .. .. .. .. 100

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Private cars and licensed road transport handle approximately 70 per cent, of all passenger transport work in the Dominion, private cars alone accounting for 42 per cent, of the total. ANNUAL COSTS The public pays approximately £43,000,000 a year in freight charges and passenger fares. In addition, it is estimated that the annual cost of operating motor-vehicles other than those used in public transport services—e.g., private cars, &c.—amounts to £50,000,000. The total expenditure on all forms of transport is therefore £93,000,000. The different transport agencies share in this cost as follows : Kind of Transport. Pe * o( Licensed road transport .. .. .. 21 Private cars, &c. .. .. .. 54 Rail .. .. .. .. 16 Shipping* .... .. .. .. 6 Air services .. .. .. .. .. 1 Tramways .. .. .. .. .. 2 Total .. .. .. .. 100 * Includes estimated receipts of Harbour Boards for year ended 31st March, 1949, and an estimate of revenue from coastal shipping at present freight rates. The fact that no less than 75 per cent, of the total direct expenditure on all forms of transport during the year was spent on motor transport is a striking commentary on the popularity of the motor-vehicle in this country. COMPARATIVE TRANSPORT CHARGES Passenger. —Relative unit costs are one of the most important factors relating to transport, and I have had the average charges per passenger-mile worked out for the different kinds of passenger transport services : Average Charge, in Kind of Transport. Pence, per Passenger-mile. d. Air ' .. .. .. .. ..4*l Private car .. .. .. .. ..3-7 Steamer ferry .. .. .. ..2*l Buses and service cars .. .. ..1-5 Tramways .. .. .. .. 1-4 Railway .. .. .. .. ..I*l There are, of course, reasons for the differences in the level of charges between the different forms of transport, but my purpose is to place before honourable members some rough idea of the comparative charges, because these have a definite bearing on the part played by each kind of transport. Air travel is the dearest as far as cost is concerned, while the railways are the cheapest, being just under travel by electric tramways and bus or service car. But each satisfies a public demand; the air for speedy travel over the longer distance, while the railways, tramways, and buses have the important job of getting people to and from their work. As I see it, the statistics I have quoted draw attention to the tremendous importance of transport in our national economy —we depend on transport for both our internal and external trade —our great farming activities and our secondary industries must have cheap and efficient transport if we are to hold our place on the overseas markets and keep down the cost of living in the Dominion. F. Hackett, Minister of Transport.

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The Hon. F. Hackett, Minister of Transport, Wellington. Transport Department, 4th. August, 1949. Sir, — Herewith I have the honour to submit the annual report of the Transport Department for the year ended 31st March, 1949. I have, &c., Gr. L. Latjrenson, Commissioner of Transport.

CONTENTS

Introduction — Page Summary of Contents .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. 7 Development oe Motor Transport— Licensing of Motor-vehicles, by Principal Classes .. .. .. .. .. 7 Petrol-consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 8 Motor-taxation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 8 Roads — Limitation of Loads on Roads .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9 Limitation of Loads on Bridges .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 Traffic Engineering .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 Road Usage .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 Road Finance — The Dominion's Road Bill, 1938-39 to 1947-48 inclusive .. .. .. .. 11 Sources of Moneys Expended on Roads, Streets, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 12 Annual Charges Per Mile on Roads, Streets, &c. .. .. .. .. 12 Road Safety—(a) Road Accident Statistics .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12 The Number of Accidents .. .. .. .. .. .. 12 International Comparison of Traffic Death-rates .. .. .. .. 12 Comparison of Fatal Accidents During last five Years .. .. .. .. 12 Particulars of All Accidents Reported.. .. .. .. .. .. 13 Distribution of Accidents .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 The Number of Road Users Killed or Injured .. .. . .. 14 Accidents Involving the Pre-school Child .. .. .. .. 14 Accidents Involving School Pupils .. .. .. .. .. 14 (b) Road Safety Council .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 The Motor-driver .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 The Motor-vehicle .. .. . . .. .. .. .. 15 Roads .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 Traffic Laws .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 Enforcement .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 Accident Statistics .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 Road Safety Publicity .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 Child Education .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 (c) Adult Education in Road Safety .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 (d) Road Traffic Instruction in Schools .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 (e) Enforcement of Traffic Laws .. .. .. .. .. ~. .. 18 (/) Traffic Offences .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. 19 {g) Inspection of Motor-vehicles .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 Certificates of Fitness .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 Warrants of Fitness .. .. .... .. .. 20 Inspection .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 Vehicles Free From Defects .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 Analysis of Defects .. .. .. .. .. .. 21 Vehicles Condemned .. .. .. .. .. .. 21 New Vehicles .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22 Number of Vehicles .. .. .. .. .. .. 22 Ownership of Passenger and Goods-service Vehicles .. .. .. 22 Size of Vehicles • .. .. .. .. .. .. 22

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CONTENTS —continued Regulation of Commercial Road Transport— Page Transport Licensing Authorities .. .. • • • • • • • • ~.23 A. Public Passenger Services — (a) Licensing .. .. .. ■ • • • • • • • '" o (b) Financial and Operating Statistics, 1947-48 .. .. • • • • 23 B. Taxi-cab Services — (as) Licensing .. .. • • • • • • • • • • ' ' na (b) Financial and Operating Statistics, 1947-48 .. .. . • 24 C. Rental Car Services — (а) Licensing .. .. .. • • • • • • • • "ok (б) Financial and Operating Statistics, 1947-48 .. .. • • 25 I). Goods-services — (a) Licensing .. .. .. • • • • • - • • (b) General .. .. . • • ■ • • • • • • • • f E. Appeals .. .. .. • • • • • • • • • • "ok F. Rehabilitation .. .. • • • • • • • • • • ok G. Fixing of Fares and Charges .... . - • • • • "oft H. Comparison of Present-day with Pre-war Costs .. . ■ • • .. 2b Retail Delivery Services .. .. .. . • • • • • • • 27 Aid For Britain: Petrol-rationing .. .. .. • • • • • • *7 Changes in Transport Law During Year .. .. - • • • • • "on Obituary .. .. .. .. • • • • • • • • " oo Appreciation .. .. .. .. • • • • ■ • • • .. 29 Statistical Tables— Table I—Table Showing, by Postal Districts, the Number of Motor-vehicles Licensed as at 31st March, 1949, under the Motor-vehicles Act, 1924 .. .. • • .. 30 Table 2—Comparative Table Showing Number of Motor-vehicles Licensed as at 31st March, 1938, to 1949, Inclusive .. .. .. - • ■ * • • " Table 3—Taxation of Motor-vehicles, 1934-48 .. .. •• •• ..,32 Table 4—Table Showing the Annual Expenditure Upon Roads, Streets, and Bridges During the Years Ended 31st March, 1940-48, Inclusive .. .. - - • - .. 33 Table s—Table5 —Table Showing the Sources of Revenue From Which Moneys were Expended upon Roads, Streets, and Bridges During the Years Ended 31st March, 1940-48, Inclusive 34 Table 6—Table Showing the Approximate Percentage of the Five Main Sources of Money Expended Annuallv on All Roads During the Years Ended 31st March, 1939-40 to 1947-48 .. .. .. .. •• •• •• •• " 3 « Table 7—Table Showing Annual Charges Per Mile on Roads and Streets .. • • 36 Table B—Table Showing Comparison of Details of Fatal Motor Accidents for the Calendar Years 1944 to 1948 Inclusive .. .. .. . • • - - - 37 Table 9 —Table Showing Types of Motor Accidents During the Calendar Year 1948 .. 38 Table 10—Table Showing Distribution of Motor Accidents on Roads and Streets During the Calendar Year 1948 .. .. .. .. • • •- _ • • • • 38 Table 11—Table Showing Number and Type of Motor Accidents Occurring in the Larger Centres of Population During Calendar Year 1948 .. • • • • • • 39 Table 12—Table Showing Classification of Road Users Killed or Injured Each Month During Calendar Year 1948 .. .. .. .. •• •• •• •• 39 Table 13—Table Showing Number of Young Children Killed or Injured as Pedestrians During the Seven Calendar Years 1942-48 Inclusive .. .. . - 40 Table 14—Table Showing Number of School Pupils Killed or Injured During the Seven Calendar Years 1942-48 Inclusive .. .. .. • • • • 40 Table 15—Table Showing Nature of Offences Involving Convictions During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949 .. .. . - .. • • .... • ■ 41 Table 16 —Table Showing a Summary of Traffic Offences Dealt with by Districts from 1946 to 1949 .. .. .. .. -. •• •• •• 42 Table 17—Table Showing a Summary of Speeding Offences for the Years 1945-46 to 1948-49 Inclusive .. .. .. .. .. -. - - • • 42 Table 18—Table Showing Defects in the Various Types of Passenger-service Vehicles on the Basis of 100 Vehicles Examined .. .. .. .. .. 43 Table 19—Table Showing Defects in Goods-service Vehicles on the Basis of 100 Vehicles Examined .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 44 Table 20 —Table Showing Defects in Private Cars, &c., on the Basis of 100 Vehicles Examined 44 Table 21—Table Showing the Number of Passenger and Goods-service Vehicles in Operation in the Auckland, Wellington, Canterbury, and Otago Districts as at 31st March, 1949 45 Table 22—Table Showing the Distribution of the Ownership of Goods and Passenger Service Vehicles Between the State, Local Bodies, and Private Individuals or Companies .. 45

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CONTENTS —continued Statistical Tables—continued PageTable 23—Table Showing the Seating-capacity of Passenger-service Vehicles .. .. 45Table 24—Table Showing the Distribution of Taxis and Rental Cars in Operation According to Horse-power Ratings .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 46 Table 25—Table Showing the Gross Carrying-capacity of Licensed Goods-service Vehicles 46 Table 26—Table Showing the Distribution of Licensed Goods-service Vehicles According to Axle Types .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 46 Table 27—Table Showing for the Year ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Passenger Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal .. .. .. .. .. AT Table 28—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which All Applications Relating to Passenger Services were Dealt With by the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities .. .. . . .. .. 47 Table 29—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Taxicab Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal .. .. .. .. 48 Table 30—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Relating to Taxicab Services were Dealt with by the District and . Metropolitan Licensing Authorities .. .. .. .. .. 48 Table 31—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Rental-car Services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal .. .. .. .. 49" Table 32—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which All Applications Relating to Rental-car Services Were Dealt With by the Five District Transport Licensing Authorities .. .. .. .. .. 49 Table 33 —Table Showing, for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Goods-services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal .. .. .. .. 49 Table 34—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Relating to Goods-services Were Dealt With by the Five District Licensing Authorities .. .. ... .. .. .. 50 Table 35 —Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Appeals Lodged Against Decisions of the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities have Been Dealt With by the Transport Appeal Authority .. .. .. 50 Table 36—Table Showing by Districts the Types of Licences Obtained by Ex-servicemen During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949 .. .. .. .. 51 Table 37 —Table Showing the Number of Transport-service Licences held by Ex-servicemen, and the Total Number of Licences as at 31st March, 1949 .. .. .. 51 Table 38—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Passenger-service Fares Have Been Dealt With by the Licensing Authorities and the Transport Charges Committee .. .. .. 52: Table 39—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Taxi-cab Fares Have Been Dealt with by the Metropolitan and District Licensing Authorities .. .. .. .. .. 5£ Table 40—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Rental Car Hiring Charges Have Been Dealt with by the Licensing Authorities .. .. .. .. .. .. 53Table 41—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Goods-service Charges Have Been Dealt with by the Goods-service Charges Tribunal and the Transport Charges Committee .. .. 54 Table 42—Table Setting Out Details of New Passenger-service Licences Granted by the Five District Licensing Authorities During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949 .. 55 Table 43 —Table Showing Traffic Data, Operating Expenses, Revenue, and Profit of Passenger- - services (Excluding the Four Metropolitan Authorities) .. .. .. 56 Table 44—Traffic and Financial Data of Licensed Passenger Services .. .. .. 57 Table 45—Table Showing Average Operating Expenses and Revenue Per Vehicle-mile of Licensed Passenger Services. .. .. .. .. .. .. 59 Table 46—Table Showing the Total Amounts Involved in Cost, Revenue, and Profit by Licensed Passenger Operators in 1948 by Groups, in Pence Per Mile .. .. 61 Table 47—Table of Information Relating to Capital Invested, Age and Cost of Vehicles in Use in the Passenger-service Industry .. .. .. .. .. 62 Table 48—Table Showing Dominion Average of Operating Costs, Revenue and Profit Per Cab, and Per Cab-mile Based on a Sample of Single : shiffc Taxi Operators .. .. 63 Table 49—-Table Setting Out Traffic and Financial Statistics for a Sample of Full-time Rental-car Operators Throughout the Dominion .. .. .. .. 64

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REPORT

INTRODUCTION Summary op Contents.—(a) The number of motor-vehicles licensed at 31st March, 1949 (380,995), showed an increase of 26,006, or 7-20 per cent., over the number as at 31st March, 1948, and is the highest level yet reached. (b) Petrol-consumption by motor-vehicles decreased from 103,300,000 in 1947 to 102,600,000 gallons in 1948. (c) Expenditure on roads in 1947-48 amounted to £10,847,265, an increase of 22 per cent, over that for the previous year. (d) In 1948, 196 persons were killed and 4,706 injured as a result of road accidents. This represents a decrease of 4 per cent, per million gallons of petrol used as compared with 1947. (e) The number of school and pre-school children killed and injured in 1948 showed an increase over the previous year. (/) New Zealand continues to have the lowest road-accident death-rate of the motorize'd countries ; comparative figures of fatalities per 10,000 motor-vehicles in 1948 show New Zealand, 5-2 ; United States of America, 8-2 ; Canada (1947), 10-2 ; Victoria, 10-9; New South Wales, 13-5 ; Great Britain, 13-8; South Africa (1947),21-0. (g) The Department's traffic staff examined 29,428 persons for drivers' licences, and reported 11,116 breaches during the year ended 31st March, 1949 ; of these, 4,894 offenders were warned and 6,222 prosecuted. (h) Fifty-seven out of every 100 private cars inspected were found to be free from mechanical defects. (i) The number of passengers carried by public road transport has increased from 36,000,000 in 1940 to 81,000,000 in 1948. (j) Taxi-cabs ran approximately 43,000,000 miles and rental cars approximately 12,000,000 miles during the year. (Jc) Forty-three per cent, of all road-transport licences are held by ex-servicemen. (I) It is estimated that rationing saved 10,000,000 gallons of petrol during the year. DEVELOPMENT OF MOTOR TRANSPORT Licensing of Motor-vehicles, by Principal Classes. —Under the Motor-vehicle Act, 1924, motor-vehicles are required to be registered and licensed. Such licences are renewable annually. The following table sets out the number of motor-vehicles in the principal classes, licensed as at 31st March, 1949, the figures for the two preceding years being included for comparative purposes

Number of Motor-vehicles (in Principal Classes) Licensed in New Zealand as at 31st March, 1947, to 1949 inclusive

Number of Licences. Increase of Type of Vehicle. 1949 Over 1947. 1948. j 1949. 1948 Licences. Cars 202,437 217,871 226,707 8,836 Trucks not exceeding 2 tons laden 33,134 36,591 40,536 3,945 Trucks exceeding 2 tons laden 25,375 28,839 31,823 2,984 Passenger-trucks 1,997 2,100 2,182 82 Omnibuses .. .. .. 1,133 1,267 1,397 130 Taxis, including private-hire cars 2,147 2,231 2,209 -22 Service cars .. .. .. 637 679 692 13 Rental cars .. .. .. 828 1,047 1,056 9 Motor-cycles 17,699 19,066 19,989 923 Trailers 22,788 25,254 29,293 4,039 Local-body and other vehicles exempted from 14,451 17,549 22,009 4,460 annual licence fees Government vehicles 8,296 8,455 9,062 607 Total 330,922 360,949 386,955 26,006 or 7-20%.

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All classes of vehicles licensed as 31st March, 1949 (excepting taxis), show gains over the figures for the preceding year. Table I of the Appendix shows details of motor-vehicles licensed as at 31st March, 1949, by postal districts. Table II sets out, for comparative purposes, the number of motor-vehicles licensed year by year as at 31st March, 1938 to 1949, inclusive. Petrol Consumption.—The table hereunder shows for the individual calendar years 1938 to 1948 the estimated quantities of petrol used in the Dominion, specifying separately that consumed by motor-vehicles and that used for other purposes.

Estimated Petrol-consumption in New Zealand From 1938 to 1948

* Refunds of motor-spirits taxation are granted as follows : aircraft and fishing-launches, Is. per gallon ; milking-machinery, shearing-equipment, donkey-engines, tractors, lighting and heating plant, manufacturing, cleaning, and scientific purposes, lOd. per gallon; all launches (other than fishinglaunches), 6d. per gallon. Of all refunds granted approximately 85 per cent, are at the rate of lOd. per gallon, 10 per cent, at Is. per gallon, and 5 per cent, at 6d. per gallon. These figures vary slightly, from those published in previous reports ; minor adjustments have been necessary to make the figures more strictly comparable. The average petrol-consumption per vehicle decreased from 326 gallons in 1947 to 297 gallons in 1948 (these figures are based on the average number of vehicles, excluding trailers, in use throughout the year). The reduction in petrol-consumption per vehicle has resulted from the reintroduction of petrol-rationing, first on a voluntary basis as from 15th November, 1947, and on a modified form of the wartime rationing system as from Ist March, 1948. petrol-consumption for other purposes increased substantially in 1947 and 1948. This is accounted for by an extension in farm mechanization, expansion of commercial aircraft services, the revival of aero-club-flying activities, and a considerable increase in petrol-driven plant and machinery used on general-construction and road-maintenance work. During the quarter ended December, 1948, 26,605 individual refunds of duty were made, as compared with 22,565 during the same period in the previous year. Motor-taxation. —Table No. 3 shows that motor-taxation yielded £9,324,800 in 1947-48, as compared with £7,061,700 in the previous year. With the increased number of vehicles in use, taxation receipts from all sources have shown an upward tendency.

Estimated Consumption of Petrol. Calendar Year. By Motor-vehicles (i.e., Petrol on Which All Duty was Paid). Other (i.e., Engines, Aeroplanes, &c., on Which Refunds of Duty Were Made).* Total. • 1938.. 1939.. 1940.. 1941 1942.. 1943.. 1944.. 1945.. 1946.. 1947.. 1948.. Million Gallons. 89-4 92-0 74-1 67-0 46-1 50-2 53-7 65-6 86-5 103-3 102-6 i Million Gallons. 7-6 8-0 9-7 15-3 10-4 9-2 9-0 9-0 10-1 13-7 15-7 Million Gallons. 97-0 100-0 83-8 82-3 56-5 59-4 62-7 74-6 96-6 117-0 118-3

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ROADS Limitation of Loads on Roads.—The limits imposed upon the loading of vehicles are as follows : By statute, no motor-vehicle (if it has only two axles) may exceed 10 tons in gross weight, and if there are more than two axles, no axle load may exceed 6 tons. The Minister of Transport may grant exemption from these provisions in special cases. For example, there are certain vehicles which are needed for carrying heavy items of plant, machinery, or engineering equipment which cannot be transported in small loads. A small number of public passenger-service vehicles operating in and adjoining the main centres also exceed the statutory limits of 10 tons with the approval of the Minister and the concurrence of the roading authority. In most districts roads outside the towns have been classified by the roading authority {with the approval of the Minister of Transport) so that the allowable loading of vehicles is further restricted according to the capacity of the road to carry heavy loads. There .are three such classes, viz. : Class Three which restricts axle loads to a maximum of tons in respect of a twoaxled vehicle and 5 tons on any one axle in the case of a multi-axled vehicle. Class Four, restricting axle loads to 4 tons maximum for a two-axled vehicle and to 3|- tons for a six-wheeler or other multi-axled vehicle. Class Five, the limits being 3 tons and 2-| tons axle load for a two-axled or a multiaxled vehicle respectively. Of nearly 50,000 miles of rural roads throughout the Dominion, over 27,000 miles are classified in one of the three classes, over 12,000 miles being classified Three, nearly 13,000 miles classified Four, and 2,000 miles classified Five. In many districts only the main highways and other key roads have been classified, and the subsidiary roads have remained unclassified. However, in the latter case loads are virtually restricted to the same limits as apply to the key roads because vehicles in the usual course must travel over the main highways or key roads in order to reach -the subsidiary road. Comparatively few roads have been classified in the urban areas. The following tables show the lengths of roads classified at 31st March, 1949 : (a) In the whole system of rural roads, in each Island ; (b) In the system of rural main highways ; and (c) In the State highway system.

(a) Classification of All Rural Roads at 31st March, 1949

Area. Total Formed Roads. Class Three. Class Four. Class Five. Total Classification. [North Island South Island Miles. 27,154 22,400 Miles. 5,506 6,675 Mies. 10,575 2,546 Miles. 1,832 278 Miles. 17,913 9,499 Totals 49,554 12,181 1 13,121 2,110 27,412 (b) Classification of Main Highways (Rural Sections) at 31st March, 1949 . Area. Main Highways. Class Three. Class Four. Class Five. Total Classification. North Island .South Island Miles. 6,843 5,479 Miles. 3,297 4,611 Miles. 3,164 162 Miles. 187 42 Miles. 6,648 4,815 Totals .. .. I 12,322 7,908 3,326 229 11,463

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The present scale of weight-limits on classified roads is contained in the Heavy Motor-vehicle Regulations of 1940. Since these limits were fixed there have been changes in the design of heavy vehicles and also in the character of road transport. Longer hauls and other factors have created a demand for increased pay-loads, and the average gross weight of the licensed goods-service vehicle has risen from 4-69 tons in 1935 to 7-59 tons in 1948. On the other hand, due to lack of new construction and inadequate maintenance of surfaces during the war years, there has been some deterioration in the general standard of the roads. Both roading authorities and those concerned in the use of heavy motor-vehicles have pressed for a review of the load restrictions at present in force having regard on the one hand to the needs of road transport and on the other to the preservation of existing road surfaces. A conference of all parties interested was held in Wellington during August, 1948,. and subsequent discussions which have taken place have resulted in the formulation of certain proposals for amending the system of classifying roads. These proposals have been circulated to all concerned and it is hoped that a reasonable solution will be found. Limitation or Loads on Bridges.—Many of the timber bridge structures, of which there are still a large number throughout the roading system of New Zealand, have seriously deteriorated through age. Roading authorities have been handicapped through lack of steel and cement with which to rebuild and through shortages of skilled labour and timber to keep up the maintenance of old bridges. As a result it has been found necessary to impose special weight and speed restrictions upon vehicles "using a large number of bridges. Such restrictions are undoubtedly necessary for the safety of present structures, but until an extensive programme of replacement and strengthening is undertaken, and until the present-day arrears of maintenance are overtaken, transport by road of both goods and passengers will be seriously hampered. Traffic Engineering.—Technical advice has been given to local authorities, where so requested, on provision of traffic facilities and problems of traffic movement, parking, and congestion. An automatic vehicle volume counter has been designed for the Department by the Dominion Physical Laboratory, and the first instrument produced has been in constant use. The counter records the number of vehicles passing a given point during half-hourly intervals, and, while different types of vehicles cannot be recorded, the daily number of vehicles and the variation in flow during the day can be tallied without the heavy drain upon man-power that is needed for manual counts. The Physical Laboratory has also produced a micro-wave speed-measuring device* which is being used for measuring the speed of vehicles as they pass along the road in the vicinity of this equipment. This device is being used extensively in determining traffic speeds at various locations, but also in checking excessive speeds of heavy motor-vehicles. Road Usage.—The volume of traffic using the roading system of New Zealand during 1948 continued at a high level.

Area. State Highways. Class Three. Class Four. Class Five. Total Classification North Island South Island .. .. Miles. 2,966 2,150 Miles. 1,533 1,900 Miles. 1,262 48 Miles. 80 10 Miles. 2,875 1,958 Totals .. .. 5,116 3,433 1,310 90 4,833

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In the table set out below estimated road usage in New Zealand during the calendar year 1948 has been allocated between the various types of vehicles, on the basis of (a) petrol-consumption, (b) vehicle-miles, and (c) gross ton-miles recorded :

These figures show that commercial road transport accounts for a very large proportion of the total road usage. ROAD FINANCE The Dominion's Road Bill, 1939-40 to 1947-48, inclusive. —The Department has abstracted from official sources statistical data relating to road finance, and analysed it to show the approximate expenditure on roads, streets, and bridges under the headings of construction, maintenance, and loan charges. The expenditure has been apportioned between three types of roads —main highways, urban roads and streets, and other (rural) roads. Some estimation has been necessary to obtain the mileages for the various types •of roads and to ascertain certain other figures used. Any estimates, however, have been •calculated on a conservative basis, and the figures are sufficiently accurate to form a reliable basis for broad general conclusions. In order to provide continuous information on road expenditure over the years, figures for 1941-1943 which were not compiled during the war have now been extracted. The data shown for 1 the years 1944 to 1946 are somewhat different from those published in previous annual reports. It has been necessary to amend these figures primarily because of adjustments made in the Main Highways' Accounts by virtue of section 3 of the Finance Act, 1943 (No. 3). Information for the year ended 31st March, 1949, is not yet available. The figures for the year ended 31st March, 1948, show that expenditure on roadconstruction is increasing. After falling to a minimum of £683,440 in 1943-44, it increased to £3,088,460 in 1947-48. Constructional expenditure amounted to 21*3 per cent, of the total in 1946-47 and to 28-5 per cent, of the total in 1947-48 ; the corresponding proportion averaged over the six years immediately preceding the war amounted to 41-2 per cent, of the total. Expenditure on maintenance in 1947-48 was 44-6 per cent, above the corresponding figure in 1938-39, £5,365,615 in 1947-48 and £3,711,737 in 1938-39. However, in considering the volume of work that was obtained for the expenditure in latter years, due allowance must be made for increased wage rates and higher costs of materials. Total expenditure in 1947-48 showed an increase of 22 per cent, over the previous year. It is estimated that the operating-costs of all classes of motor-vehicles in the Dominion amounted to £69,600,000 in 1948-49. The method of assessing operating-costs has been revised in the light of more accurate costing data now available, and this figure is not strictly comparable with that given last year. These figures indicate the importance

Type of Vehicle. Petrol [ Consumed. Vehiclemiles. Gross ToH-miles. Cars (including taxis and rental cars) Trucks not exceeding 2 tons laden Trucks exceeding 2 tons laden Omnibuses and service cars Motor-cycles Per Cent. 36-4 18-6 39-1 5-1 0-8 Per Cent. 52-4 17-0 24-2 2-8 3-6 Per Cent. 32-0 14-8 46-1 6-8 0-3 Total 100-0 100-0 100-0

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of motor transport in New Zealand. The cost of road transport in New Zealand during the year amounted to approximately £3B per person. Transport costs are vitally affected by roading conditions ; bad roads mean higher operating-costs, while good roads tend to decrease operating-expenses. In addition, good developmental roads aid rural expansion and development. Table 4 appended gives a comparison of expenditure on roads, streets, and bridges over the individual years ended 31st March, 1940 to 1948, inclusive. Sources of Moneys Expended on Roads, Streets, etc. —Of the money spent on roads, streets, and bridges during the year ended 31st March, 1948, approximately 34 per cent, was obtained from motor-taxation, 31 per cent, from local rates, 20 per cent, from loans, and 15 per cent, from general taxation. Tables 5 and 6 attached contain details of the sources from which moneys expended on roads were obtained. The increased expenditure during 1947-48 has, in the main, been financed by additional receipts from loans and motor-taxation. Annual Charges Per Mile oe Roads, Streets, etc. —Table 7 appended sets out details of expenditure per mile on maintenance and interest and loan charges for the various types of roads. Interest and loan charges have remained relatively constant over the last five years and now amount to £44 per mile for all roads. Since 1943, when a low level of £53 per mile was reached, expenditure on road maintenance has continued to increase. In 1948 maintenance per mile amounted to £99. In considering the work obtained for this additional expenditure, however, an allowance must be made for the increased cost of labour and materials. ROAD SAFETY A. ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS The Number op Accidents. —During the year ended 31st December, 1948, there occurred on the roads and streets of the Dominion 187 fatal accidents and 3,406 other accidents which involved injury to persons. Resulting from these accidents, 196 persons were killed and 4,706 others were injured. In 1947 the number killed was 206 and the injured numbered 4,762. Thus deaths in 1948 were fewer by 10 and other casualties fewer by 56 than during the previous year. The death-rate per million gallons of petrol consumed by motor-vehicles was 1-99 in 1947 and 1-91 in 1948, a reduction of 4 per cent. International Comparison of Traffic Death-rates.—The traffic death-rate in New Zealand compared with that of Great Britain, New South Wales and Victoria, South Africa, Canada, and the United States of America is as follows Deaths per 10,000 Motor-vehicles in 1948 Deaths per 10,000 Country. Motor-vehicles. Great Britain .. .. .. .. .. ..13*8 United States of America .. .. .. .. 8-2 New South Wales .. .. .. .. .. 13-5 Victoria .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 • 9 . South Africa (1947) .. .. .. .. ..21-0 Canada (1947) .. .. .. .. .. 10-2 New Zealand .. .. .. .. .. ..5-2 Comparison of Fatal Accidents During the Past Five Years (see Table No--8). —Those killed by motor-vehicles in 1948 included 82 people who were riding in motorvehicles at the time, 58 pedestrians, 28 riders of motor-cycles or pillion-riders, 27 pushcyclists, and 1 other person. The number of occupants of motor-vehicles killed was fewer than during 1947, when 108 fatalities occurred in this group. On the other hand,

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more pedestrians and also more cyclists were killed in 1948 than in any year since 1940. The toll of motor-cyclists was fewer by two deaths than during 1947, but was greater than in any other recent year. Fatal accidents occurring in daylight hours numbered 100, while 87 happened in hours of darkness. Forty-three of the latter occurred in built-up areas, and 44 on the open road. Eighty-nine of all the fatal accidents happened in built-up areas and 98 on rural roads. Of 28 collisions between motor-vehicles where a fatality resulted only 8 took place at night, but 31 of the 56 fatal collisions with pedestrians occurred after dark, as did 15 of the 27 collisions with bicyclists. Six collisions with trains at level-crossings resulted fatally. All of these occurred in daylight hours. There were no fatalities in 1948 caused through collisions between a motor-vehicle and a tram. Other fatal collisions —i.e., with fixed objects—numbered 17, 9of these occurring at night. Non-collisions, where the motor-vehicle overturned or left the road and caused a fatality, were 52, and of these, 23 happened in the dark. Particulars of All Accidents Reported {i.e., Fatal and Non-fatal), (see Table No. 9). —Of all accidents reported (3,593) some 2,550, or 71 per cent, happened in builtup areas, and 1,043, or 29 per cent, on the open road. In the towns 1 accident in 28 ended fatally, but on the rural roads 1 in every 11 proved fatal. There were 1,116 collisions between motor-vehicles, of which 734 occurred in builtup areas and 382 on the open road ; 825 collisions between motor-vehicles and pushcyclists, 742 in the towns and 83 on the open road, and 763 collisions with pedestrians, 674 of which took place in the town and 89 outside the built-up areas. In addition, there were-.399 accidents (43 ending in a fatality) where the motor-vehicle overturned, drove over the bank, or otherwise left the road ; 99 of these occurred in built-up areas and 300 on country roads or highways. Other accidents were as follows : Collisions with a telegraph pole .. .. .. 145 (9 fatal). Persons falling from a vehicle .. .. .. .. 73 (8 fatal). Collisions with a train .. .. .. .. 30 (6 fatal). Collisions with a-tram .. .. .. 34 (none fatal). Collisions with an animal .. .. .. 27 (none fatal). Other collisions and miscellaneous accidents .. .. 181 (10 fatal). The severity of the main types of accident can be gauged as follows : Type of Accident. Severity. Collisions with railway train .. .. 1 in 5 proved fatal. Drove off roadway or over the bank .. .. .. 1„ 7 „ Person fell from vehicle .. .. .. .. 1„ 9 „ Overturned on the roadway .. .. .. 1 ~ 12 „ Collision with pedestrian .. .. .. .. 1„ 14 „ Collision with telegraph pole.. .. .. .. 1 ~ 16 „ Collision with cyclist .. .. .. 1 ~ 31 „ Collision with another motor-vehicle .. .. 1„ 40 „ Distribution oe Accidents (see Tables Nos. 10 and 11). Of the 2,550 accidents in built-up areas, 1,431 (including 55 fatal accidents) occurred in the four main centres of population, and 341 (including 9 fatal) in one or other of the secondary cities. Accidents on the State highway system totalled 547, with 50 of them resulting fatally.

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Accidents causing personal injury occurring in the large urban areas during recent years are compared below :

In Wellington and in Christchurch the total number of accidents reported was fewer in 1948 than in 1947, while in Dunedin a very substantial increase (from 104 in 1947 to 166 in 1948) was recorded. In Lower Hutt City an increase occurred, from 85 accidents (6 fatal) in 1947 to 106 (7 fatal) in 1948. Taking the large urban centres as a whole, accidents involving cyclists predominated in number, amounting to 513 in 1948, compared with 452 in 1947. Collisions with pedestrians numbered 503 in 1948 and 504 in 1947 ; collisions between motor-vehicles totalled 493 in 1948 and 498 in 1947. In Auckland and Wellington, however, accidents to pedestrians were more frequent than any of the other types of accident. In Auckland during 1948 collisions with pedestrians numbered 219, collisions between motor-vehicles 193, and collisions between a motor-vehicle and a cyclist 134. In Wellington there were 142 collisions between motor-vehicles and pedestrians ; 83 collisions between two motor-vehicles, and 46 collisions with cyclists. In Christchurch in 1948 there occurred 144 collisions between motor-vehicles and cyclists (145 in 1947), 78 collisions between mo tor-vehicles (77. in 1947), and 38 instances where a pedestrian was struck by a motor-vehicle (36 in 1947). There were 26 accidents of other types in Christchurch in 1948, compared with 44 in 1947. The Number of Road-users Killed or Injured (see Table No. 12). —Of the total number of 4,902 persons killed or injured by motor-vehicles in 1948 some 2,496 were occupants of motor-vehicles, while another 673 were riders of motor-cycles or pillionriders. There were 844 casualties among push-cyclists and 823 pedestrians. As has usually proved to be the case, accidents among pedestrians and cyclists were most frequent during the months of May, June, and July. In 1948 during these three months 30 per cent, of the total casualties of the year took place among both cyclists and pedestrians. Accidents Involving the Pre-school Child (see Table No. 13). —A serious increase in the number of very young children killed or injured on the road took place in 1948. While in 1947 there were 53 casualties, 1 child being killed, there were 87 casualties in 1948, and 8 of these little children lost their lives. Accidents Involving School Pupils (see Table No. 14). —A slight decrease in the number of school-children injured as pedestrians took place. In 1948, 7 were killed and 152 injured, while in 1947, 8 were killed and 158 others injured.

Centre. dumber of Accidents. Population at 1st April, 1Q Accidents per 10,000 Population 1945. 1946 | 1947. ! 1948. During 1948. Auckland Metropolitan Area 427 552 641 653 238,340 27-4 Wellington City 246 281 360 345 131,600 26-2 Christehurch City 263 324 302 286 123,900 23-0 Dunedin City 106 112 104 166 70,200 23-6 Lower Hutt City 43 66 85 106 38,500 27-5 Palmerston North City 33 44 60 65 27,900 23-3 Wanganui City 40 43 61 63 25,400 24-8 Invercargill City .. 21 51 46 36 25,800 13-9 Hamilton City 42 75 77 71 24,500 29-0 Total * 1,221 1,548 1,736 1,791 706,140 25-4

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However, among child cyclists there was an appreciable increase in the number of casualties. In 1948, 7 were killed and 255 injured, compared with 4 killed and 203 others injured during 1947. The increase was most apparent among children of ages from eleven to fifteen years, where the numbers of casualties grew from 139 in 1947 to 192 in 1948. B. ROAD SAFETY COUNCIL The New Zealand Road Safety Council was reconstituted during the year. Mr. E. C. Thomas replaced Mr. N. Gilchrist as the representative of the Educational Institute on the Council. At meetings held in Wellington on 30th June and 24th'November, 1948, the reports of the eight sub-committees set up to consider various aspects of road-safety were received. The Motor-driver : Sub-committee : Dr. S. D. Rhind (Chairman), Messrs. G. L. Laurenson, W. G. Belton, W. H. Brown, A. McLaren, T. Wickham, A. C. Melville. This Committee reported on the following matters : (a) the teaching of driving; (6) qualifying for a driver's licence, and (c) subsequent checks on the suitability and fitness of drivers. Many of the recommendations made are still under action. However, as a result of the Committee's decisions, drivers involved in motor accidents are being retested to check their fitness to drive motor-vehicles. Checks are also carried out to test the driving ability of persons who have been guilty of accident-promoting offences. The Committee felt that where local bodies use the same application card for annual renewals of drivers' licences the applicant is not always aware that when signing this card he is re-affirming that the particulars are still true and correct. The Department has taken steps to bring this matter to the attention of all applicants for drivers' licences. The Motor-vehicle Sub-committee : Messrs. 0. L. Laurenson (Chairman), C. R. Edmund, H. J. Knight, A. C. Melville, F. Wickham, and A. McLaren. The report of the Committee dealt with lights, brakes, speedometers, safety-chains, caravan-trailers, sun-vizors, rear windows, warrants of fitness for trailers, and the length of articulated vehicles. These recommendations are still under consideration, and a number of investigations are being made concerning specific problems. Roads : Sub-committee : Messrs. F. Langbein (Chairman), G. L. Laurenson, W. G. Belton, E. R. Neale, M.P., H. J. Knight, and R. Wilson. Consideration was given to the following matters: timber for bridges, road and street lighting, pedestrian-crossings, road condition and markings, and railway-crossings. The question of obtaining adequate supplies of suitable timber for bridgeconstruction has been referred to the Timber Controller. The Department has prepared and distributed to all interested persons a bulletin setting out the design and location of road markings as distinct from road signs. In addition, interested parties were requested to send representatives to a committee to be formed for the consideration of accident hazards at railway levelcrossings. The road-controlling authorities were asked to co-operate in providing certain safety features on roads and streets.

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Traffic Laws : Sub-committee : Messrs. G. L. Laurenson (Chairman), J. Cummings, F. Langbein, E. R. Neale, M.P., W. R. Brown, I. M. Plimmer, C. E. Brown, and W. J. Belton. Recommendations covered the following Acts and regulations: Motor-vehicles Amendment Act, 1924 ; the Railways Amendment Act, 1936 ; the Traffic Regulations 1936; the Heavy Motor-vehicle Regulations 1940; the Traffic (Road Crossings) Regulations 1944. As a result of the Committee's recommendations the consolidation of transport laws has been taken in hand. The Transport Law Amendment Act, 1948, provides that if no death or personal' injury results from an accident, the guilty driver may be dealt with by the lower Courts, and that all auto-cycles must be registered and licensed irrespective of their weight. The speed-limit of 35 miles per hour for omnibuses and service cars has been extended to 40 miles per hour. It has also been made clear that when a driver of a motor-vehicle stops at a school crossing because the sign is extended, he must remain stopped until the sign ceases t© be extended. A number of recommendations are still under consideration. Enforcement : Sub-committee : Messrs. E. R. Neale, M.P. (Chairman), G. L. Laurenson, J. Cummings, W. H. Brown, A. McLaren and A. C. Melville. Consideration was given to the general position of enforcement, pedestrian-crossings, glaring head lights, and the remission of the period of disqualification following conviction for intoxicated driving. All local authorities have promised to co-operate in a campaign for stricter enforcement of laws governing pedestrian-crossings and for public education as to their correct use. These authorities have also agreed to take sterner measures in connection with glaring head light offences. Accident Statistics : Sub-committee : Messrs. R. H. Newbold (Chairman), G. L. Laurenson, J. Cummings, I. M. Plimmer, C. R. Edmund and W. I. Deavoll. Steps are now being taken to record accidents which do not involve injury,, and all insurance offices (except one) have agreed to report particulars of these accidents to the Department. Road Safety Publicity : Sub-committee : Miss M. Magill (Chairman), Messrs. G- L. Laurenson, D. G. Ball, R. H. Newbold, C. E. Owen, Dr. S. D. Rhind, Messrs. C. R. Edmund, and R. Wilson. The Committee considered possible avenues of extending the publicity campaign at present being staged by the Department, particular attention being, devoted to traffic safety weeks, road safety films, drivers' testing measures, road publicity covering sponsorship of road safety, the Christchurch Exhibition, the Road Code, drivers of heavy vehicles, local-body participation in road safety, and the co-operation of the automobile associations. The findings of this Committee are at present under consideration. Child Education : Sub-committee : Messrs. D. G. Ball (Chairman), G. L. Laurenson, W. I. Deavoll, N. Gilchrist, Miss M. Magill, and W. H. Brown. The Committee affirmed the general principles of child education which were agreed upon in 1943 and gave attention to the part played by instructors and teachers in educating the children. Attention was also given to special problems, the most suitable material and equipment to be used, and to the extension of the school patrol system. The recommendations of the Committee are still under consideration.

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The Council and its sub-committees rendered outstanding service during the year and it is desired to place on record my thanks and appreciation for the valuable assistance given so willingly to this Department by all the members. C. ADULT EDUCATION IN ROAD SAFETY During the year the Department used many different kinds of road publicity for road safety educational purposes. In order to achieve the most beneficial results attention was directed at specific aspects of the traffic problem. For example, publicity was devoted tp seasonal accident causes as indicated by statistical analysis of accident data. Adult education publicity was co-ordinated with the work of the Traffic Enforcement officers. I wish to acknowledge gratefully the co-operation and assistance received from the press, the National -Broadcasting Service, Government Departments, and many business firms, organizations, and private individuals who have submitted suggestions to the Department and for their active assistance during the year. Brief details of publicity activities are as follows : Press. —The assistance of the press in the publication of road safety material provided much valuable publicity. In addition to appeals made through the press at holiday seasons when road traffic was particularly heavy, the details of fatal traffic accidents have been supplied to the papers each month. The Department's advertising campaign has been continued regularly through space in a large number of newspapers, magazines, and other publications. Radio.—Considerable assistance has been provided by the National Broadcasting Service in making time available on both national and commercial networks for the broadcasting of appeals prior to holiday periods. Supplementing these appeals, short spoken announcements provided by the Department were broadcast during holiday periods. Posters.—One main poster was produced and given wide distribution prior to the Christmas period. In addition, five posters have been produced for use at traffic safety weeks and on special occasions. Screen Slides.—Screen slides were shown in the majority of theatres throughout New Zealand, changing periodically according to the publicity programme. Films.—Production was commenced on a new traffic safety film for adult audiences and it is hoped to have this screening shortly. A programme of films is shown at each traffic safety week, the majority of these films being overseas productions. Leaflets. —Certain newspaper advertisements, where considered appropriate, have been issued in leaflet form. Road Code.—The Road Code has been reissued and widely distributed. Traffic Safety Weeks.—Local campaigns, comprising educative publicity and traffic enforcement, were conducted in Whangarei, Hamilton, Rotorua, Palmerston North, Napier, Hastings, Wanganui, Nelson, and Invercargill. Window Displays.—Ten displays carrying safety appeals have been made up and are used in the windows of large business premises during traffic safety weeks. Accident spot maps showing location of fatal and non-fatal traffic accidents in the particular locality are also displayed. Bus Panels.—Advertising panels in buses in the Auckland area are utilized to carry road safety messages. These are used to supplement publicity in that area where other media are difficult to obtain.

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D. ROAD TRAFFIC INSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS Instruction in traffic practices has been given in the schools by the regular classroom teachers and by periodic visits of outside instructors. There are eight instructors of the Transport Department who are engaged full time upon this work. In a few centres a local Traffic Officer also makes similar visits, while a number of the automobileassociations send selected personnel to assist in this work. In spite of the instruction which has been given, accidents among school pupils are still very numerous, and especial concern is felt at the upward trend-in the number of cyclists who are being injured. It is considered desirable to intensify the work already being done, particularly with secondary-school scholars. Many thousands of scholars ride to school on bicycles, and the Department's Instructors are at present endeavouring not only to improve riding habits, but also to* make sure that bicycles carry the safety-devices required by the law—viz., bells, brakes,, lights, rear reflector, and white mark on the rear mudguard. A great deal of the Department's advertising matter in junior publications has been directed to the cyclist, and during 1948 an illustrated Cycling Code has been published and issued to schools for use in appropriate classes.

E. ENFORCEMENT OF TRAFFIC LAWS At 31st March, 1949, the strength of the uniformed traffic staff of the Transport Department was as follows :

The increase in staff is accounted for by the taking-over of Rotorua and Masterton Boroughs, and the appointment of additional Inspectors at Auckland, Mount Roskill r Christchurch, Roxburgh, Wellington (2), and Stratford. The Department's traffic staff exercises control on behalf of 125 counties and 121 urban areas (including the Cities of Palmerston North, Timaru and Nelson). During the year the following local authorities voluntarily vested the control of traffic in this Department: Alexandra (population, 1,080), Masterton (population, 9,900), Rotorua (population, 8,420), Woodville (population, 1,130), and the Bulls and Takaka Town Boards. A training course for Junior Traffic Inspectors was held during the year. Fourteen officers from the Department and two from local bodies attended. Some 192 cases of accident-prone drivers were reported on during the year, and of these, 12 have so far been retested, all passing the examination.

Location. Chief Traffic Inspectors. Assistant Chief Traffic Inspectors. Senior Traffic Inspectors. Traffic Inspectors. Total. Head Office Auckland Wellington Christchurch Dunedin 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 1 30 30 22 16 4 35 35 26 18 Total, 1949 5 5 9 99 118 Total, 1948 5 5 7 93 110

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The examination of new drivers, the retesting of persons over seventy years of age, and those who have failed to renew former licences continue to occupy a great deal of time, and this year over 29,000 persons were examined. The following table indicates the number of drivers tested in the four districts : District. Total. Auckland .. .. .. .. 10,155 Wellington .. .. .. .. 8,029 Christchurch .. .. .. .. 6,670 Dunedin .. .. .. .. 4,574 Total .. .. .. 29,428 Full use has been made of the forty-nine sets of loadometers operated by the traffic staff, and 4,380 vehicles have been weighed in rural districts. A close check is kept on the weight of loads as well as the speed of these vehicles. The volume of traffic during the year has been at a high level, and at race meetings and special functions record crowds have been handled. In the North Island the use of inter-car radio has been of great value when controlling heavy traffic volume, while its use has been of assistance in apprehending traffic offenders and calling medical aid where injured persons were concerned. At the end of the year twenty-five cars were equipped with two-way radio. Dominion-wide campaigns-were made against defective brakes and wrongly adjusted lights in an effort to keep vehicles at a high standard of efficiency, and prosecutions were authorized in the worst cases, particularly where drivers failed to dip lights when likely to cause embarrassment to other road-users. The enforcement staff is responsible for the supervision of the petrol-rationing scheme and is required to check the records kept by resellers of petrol. F. TRAFFIC OFFENCES During the year 11,116 offences were reported by Traffic Inspectors ; of this number, 6,222 were prosecuted and the remaining 4,894 were entered as warnings and offenders warned accordingly. Convictions were entered in 6,073 instances, 88 cases were dismissed, and the remaining 61 withdrawn. The increase of 899 offences is largely accounted for by the additional vehicles registered and a tightening-up on overloading and speeding offences by heavy motor-vehicles. In addition to the 4,894 offences where written warnings were forwarded, the traffic staff report that 48,858 persons were warned verbally on the road.

The following schedule shows comparative figures relating to the number of traffic offences reported over the last six years:—

Tables 15 to 17 in the Appendix show the nature of offences resulting in convictions during the year ended 31st March, 1949, together with a summary of speeding offences for the years 1945-46 to 1948-49 inclusive, and information relating to traffic offence notices issued in each of the four districts administered by the Department.

Year Ended 31st March, Offences Reported. Prosecuted. Convicted. Dismissed. Withdrawn. Warned. Percentage of Warnings. Pines Recorded. 1944 5,288 3,491 3,338 74 » 79 1,797 34 £ 5,275 1945 7,341 4,803 4,598 76 129 2,538 35 6,923 1946 10,650 6,467 6,288 69 110 4,183 39 8,498 1947 10,123 5,456 5,303 80 73 4,667 46 8,288 1948 10,217 5,303 5,171 82 ! 50 4,914 48 9,312 1949 11,116 6,222 6,073 88 I 61 4,894 44 10,903

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G. INSPECTION OF MOTOR-VEHICLES All motor-vehicles in New Zealand are required to undergo an inspection each six months either for a Certificate of Fitness or a Warrant of Fitness. Certificates of Fitness. —Certificates of Fitness are issued to all vehicles operating under the Transport Licensing Act, embracing the following classes : omnibuses, trolley buses, service cars, service coaches, passenger-trucks, school vehicles, school buses, taxis, rental cars, ambulances, and goods-service vehicles. Under the terms of the Transport Law Amendment Act, 1948, ancillary goods-service vehicles having a gross laden weight in excess of 2 tons are now required to be inspected for a Certificate of Fitness. Previously these vehicles were covered by Warrants of Fitness only. Vehicles owned by the Crown, local authorities, or public bodies and trucks used by. farmers exclusively in connection with farming activities (other than market gardening) are exempt from the provisions of the Act. Warrants of Fitness. —Warrants of Fitness are issued to vehicles not included in the above groups —i.e., private cars, motor-cycles, &c. Inspection.—The inspection of motor-vehicles for a Warrant of Fitness is carried out by motor-garages specially approved for the purpose by the Hon. the Minister of Transport and by municipal testing stations and cover only those items which are essential for safety. Examinations for Certificates of Fitness which are conducted by Vehicle Inspectors of the Transport Department are of a more extensive nature and a high standard of efficiency is required in matters which may affect the safety, health, and comfort of the travelling public.

As at 31st March, 1949, there were 66 Vehicle Inspectors distributed throughout the administrative districts of the Department as follows :

Vehicles Free From Defects. —{a) Passenger-service Vehicles.—The following table shows the percentage of vehicles found to be free from defects at the time of examination : Type. Percentage. Omnibuses •. .. ..17-8 Trolley buses .. .. .. .. 26 • 7 Service cars .. .. .. 17 • 2 Service coaches .. .. .. 13-4 Passenger-trucks .. .. .. 17 • 7 School buses .. .. .. ..12-5 School vehicles .. .. .. ..21-0 Taxis .. .. .. .. 38-6 Rental cars .. .. .. .. 37 • 9 Ambulances .. .. .. ..21-7

District. District Vehicle Inspectors. Senior Vehicle Inspectors. Vehicle Inspectors. Total. Head Office Auckland Wellington Christchurcli Dunedin Total • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 20 10 7 1 22 22 12 9 4 5 57 66

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(b) Goods-service Vehicles. —Of all goods-service vehicles inspected 24-9 per -cent, were found to be free from defects when checked by departmental Vehicle Inspectors, (c) Private Cars, &c.—From returns furnished by municipal testing stations it was found that 57-5 per cent, of the vehicles tested were free from defects when presented for examination. Analysis of Defects.—Tables 18 to 20 in the Appendix set out an analysis of the defects found when the various types of vehicles were examined. From these figures it will be seen that the main defects are in respect of steeringgear, lights, and brakes. The item " steering-gear " embraces the many component parts of the steering mechanism, and an adjustment, while not necessarily affecting the safety of the vehicle, has been recorded in the examination as a " defect." In regard to brakes it may be stated that as the equipment slowly deteriorates with use it is not surprising to find this item among the three most common defects, particularly as the brake efficiency required to pass the test for a Certificate of Fitness is of a high standardThe number of defects recorded at the six-monthly inspection periods in respect of motor-vehicle-lighting equipment indicates that not only do a large number of electrical failures develop during a period of six months, but also the headlamps themselves are very prone to get out of adjustment. The electrical defects are, no doubt, associated with the age of the vehicles, but the matter of headlamp adjustment seems to be a question of design. If is hoped that the modern tendency to " flare-in " the headlamps will do much to overcome the latter problem. Headlights play an important part in road safety, as the accident hazard at night is almost five times as great as that during the hours of daylight. In addition to the inspection at six-monthly intervals, the Department's enforcement staff adopts the policy of checking vehicles on the road for lighting defects, particularly during the winter months. Vehicles Condemned. —During the year a total of 2,573 passenger and goodsservice vehicles were voluntarily withdrawn from service, compared with 85 which it had been found necessary to condemn. These figures show that operators take advantage of the adequate warning given by departmental Vehicle Inspectors when vehicles are nearing the end of their economic lives, and in this way the flow of goods and passengers through the public road transport system can be maintained at a high level as no dislocation results from the withdrawal of a vehicle from service when adequate time is given in which to effect a replacement:—

Vehicle Group. Vehicles Condemned. Vehicles Voluntarily Withdrawn. Total Number of Vehicles Withdrawn from Service. Omnibuses Trolley buses Service cars .. .. • Service coaches Passenger-trucks School buses .. .. School vehicles Taxis .. .. Rental cars Ambulances Goods-service vehicles | 7 ..\ 7 1 3 8 1 12 10 36 42 61 6 107 47 65 354 270 10 1,611 49 "68 7 110 55 66 366 280 10 1,647 Total 85 2,573 2,658

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New Vehicles. —The following table shows the number of new vehicles of various types placed in service during the year : Vehicle Group. Number of Vehicles. Omnibuses .. .. .. .. 197 Trolley buses Service cars .. .. .. .. 3 Service coaches .. .. .. 52 Passenger-trucks .. .. .. 42 School buses .. .. .. .. 61 School vehicles .. .. .. 14 Taxis .. .. .. .. 152 Rental Cars .. .. .. .. 233 Ambulances .. .. .. .. 21 Goods-service vehicles .. .. 1,292 Total .. .. .. 2,067 Although there has been a small increase in the number of new passenger-service vehicles constructed in New Zealand compared with last year, the majority have been used to meet the demands of the expanding passenger services rather than to replace the older vehicles. During the past year 7,211 new commercial vehicles were imported, but a comparison of the motor-registration figures shows that practically all of this number were absorbed, there being two hundred to three hundred vehicles scrapped. In regard to motor-cars, 11,010 new vehicles were imported during the year, but as the number in operation increasd by 7,200 only 3,800 cars were available as replacements for the old and worn-out vehicles. In New Zealand to-day there are some 180,000 cars which are ten or more years of age, and it seems clear that for many years to come the bulk of private motoring will have to be done in vehicles which by pre-war standards would have been regarded as having reached the end of their economic lives. Number of Vehicles.—The number of passenger and goocte-service vehicles in operation showed an increase of 1,370 over the figures for the previous year. Details of the vehicles now in operation are set out in Table 21. Ownership of Passenger and Goods-service Vehicles. —The percentage of passenger-service vehicles privately owned shows a slight increase over the figures for the previous year, while the distribution of goods-service vehicles between State and private ownership has . remained relatively constant. Table 22 gives details of the distribution of passenger and goods service vehicles as between local-body, State, and private ownership. Size of Vehicles. —Table 23 sets out the seating-capacities of the various types of passenger-service vehicles in operation. .Table 24 shows the distribution of taxis and rental cars in operation according to horse-power (R.A.C.) ratings. Table 25 gives the gross carrying-capacities of licensed goods-service vehicles according to the " Heavy Traffic " Classification. Table 26 shows the distribution of licensed goods-service vehicles according to axle types. It may be stated that there is a marked tendency for larger vehicles to be placed in service when the older models fall due for replacement.

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REGULATION OF COMMERCIAL ROAD TRANSPORT Transport Licensing Authorities.—Road transport services are licensed, by three District and four Metropolitan Licensing Authorities, the Metropolitan Authorities dealing only with passenger services (including taxis) in their districts. Appeals against decisions of Licensing Authorities may be made to the Transport Appeal Authority. Mr. C. L. Bishop was appointed as Authority for the Nos. 3 and 5 Licensing Districts on the death of the former Authority (Mr. S. V. Raines). In all, 9,528 applications concerning transport licenses were handled by Licensing Authorities during the year, compared with 6,283 applications in the previous year. During the year 7,502 applications were dealt with by District Authorities and 2,026 by Metropolitan Authorities. That the industry has continued to be an attractive avenue for investment is indicated by the fact that 2,092 applications for new licences (including 615 by taxi operators to charge separate fares for racegoers and early-morning-train passengers) were dealt with by the Licensing Authorities during the year. Of these applications, 1,294 were granted. A. PUBLIC PASSENGER SERVICES (a) Licensing.—During the year under review 1,993 applications were dealt with by the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities. Seven hundred and sixty-six new licences were granted, 394 licences were amended, 563 were renewed, and 120 transferred. Of the new licences granted, 615 have been issued by the Auckland Metropolitan Authority permitting taxi-operators to charge separate fares for the carriage of passengers to early-morning trains and to race meetings. In addition, in 24 cases new contract licences have been granted or the areas serviced by existing licences have been extended. In 18 instances approval has been given for the operation of new licences or new routes in suburban districts. Five new licences have been granted for the carriage of service personnel and their families from camps to various centres throughout the Dominion. In rural districts routes have been extended and new licences granted in 39 instances. These figures show that the passenger-transport facilities available to the public have been extended. Details of extensions to routes and new licences granted are set out in Table 42, while Tables 27 and 28 show the manner in which the Licensing Authorities dealt with applications relating to passenger licences. (b) Financial and Operating Statistics 1947-48.—Tables 43 to 47 in the Appendix detail financial and traffic statistics for licensed passenger-services in the Dominion, comparing the position of the industry in 1948 with that in 1940. No comparable figures were prepared between 1940 and 1948. The following outstanding features are thrown into sharp relief by the figures- set out in these tables : (1) Growth of the Industry.—During the period 1940-1948 there has been a substantial increase in the volume of work undertaken by the industry. The mileage run has increased from approximately 28 million to 46 million, while 81 million passengers were carried in 1948, compared with 36 million in 1940. Revenue has increased from £1,515,000 to £4,124,000, and profits from £120,000 to £318,000. The increase in road passenger transport activity in the four main centres is associated with population increases in these cities. Furthermore, omnibuses now undertake part of the work previously handled by tramways, while there is a tendency for new bus, rather than tram, services to be instituted to meet the needs of new and growing suburbs. Vehicles running from local centres to surrounding districts and over medium distances have also substantially increased in importance. This means that there has been a marked improvement in the transport facilities afforded the rural population. Motor transport is a factor of considerable importance in breaking down the isolation of rural communities, many of which are not conveniently served by rail. By the introduction of rural road services the public are offered improved facilities for pleasure, shopping and cultural activities. •

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From information available it would appear tliat the industry has continued to expand at a healthy rate during the year ended 31st March, 1949. (2) Financial Position of the Industry. —The financial position of the industry has improved. Profit, both in total and expressed as a pence-per-mile figure, has shown an upward trend. While the average cost per mile has increased from 12-12 pence in 1940 to 19-68 in 1948, revenue during the same period has increased from 13-16 to 21-33 pence per mile. Both costs and revenue have been affected by the use of larger vehicles, but the bulk of the increase in revenue is due to improved management and to the enterprise and efficiency of the industry itsfelf. In many cases standing charges and overhead costs per mile have been reduced by the use of vehicles at week-ends and slack periods on " contract " and " group travel " work. During the period under review fares have increased in some areas, but for a large proportion of the industry there have been no fare changes. If the average fare per passenger-mile in the Dominion in 1940 is taken as 100, this index number has now risen to 102. While these figures do not represent with complete accuracy the extent to which fares have risen in the Dominion (because of changes in the relative importance of different services) they do show that the over-all fare increase has not been substantial. The industry has absorbed the bulk of the rising costs through increased efficiency. (3) Future Prospects The statistical tables show that during the past eight yeaxs the licensed road transport operator has become a serious competitor of the earlier land passenger transportation agencies. By virtue of its mobility and flexibility motortransport offers serious competition to the rail services in point of comparative service ; indeed, it offers transport amenities that, by reason of their nature, cannot be provided by these services. To this extent competition by road is to the national good, as the •community reaps the benefit of services which would not otherwise be available. With improvement in roads, motor-vehicles, and organization it is inevitable that the sphere of ■ competitive activity will expand. A recent development in motor passenger transportation is the " contract " or "" group travel " trip, whereby a vehicle is exclusively hired to a group of people for pleasure purposes. In this way cheap and convenient transport is made available to sports bodies and holiday groups, &c. In future the most serious competitor of the existing forms of land passenger transportation may well be the private car. In March, 1940, 220,000 cars were registered. In March, 1949, this figure has increased to 225,000. The number of private cars in use has been affected by restricted importation during the war years, but as the car combines speed, comfort, and flexibility it is probable that there will be an increased tendency for the private car to be used in preference to other transport agencies. B. TAXI-CAB SERVICES (а) Licensing.—During the year 2,251 applications relating to taxi-cab services were dealt with by the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities —112 new licences were granted, 101 licences were amended, 1,189 licences renewed, and 204 licences transferred. Tables 29 and 30 set out the manner in which the various authorities dealt with .applications relating to taxi-cab services. (б) Financial and Operating Statistics, 1947-48.—From financial and statistical returns lodged with the Department it is estimated that during the year taxis ran 43,000,000 miles carrying 13,500,000 passengers, who paid approximately £2,000,000 in fares. Table 48 sets out financial and statistical data for an average taxicab based on figures obtained from a sample of operators throughout the Dominion. These figures show that, on the average, the financial position of the industry during the year was satisfactory.

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C. RENTAL CAR SERVICES (а) Licensing.—The District Licensing Authorities dealt with. 142 applications relating to rental car services—22 new licences were granted, 43 licences were renewed, 21 amended, and 10 licences transferred. Full details are set out in Tables 31 and 32. (б) Financial and Operating Statistics, 1947-48.—1t is estimated from financial and statistical return% lodged with the Department that rental cars ran 12,000,000 miles in 1947-48 and earned a revenue of £349,000. Table 49 sets out traffic and financial data based on a sample of full-time rental car operators throughout the Dominion. D. GOODS SERVICES (a) Licensing.—During the year ended 31st March, 1949, the District Licensing Authorities dealt with 5,142 applications relating to goods-service licences —394 new licences were granted, 2,723 licences were renewed, 979 licences amended, and 445 licences were transferred. (b) General. —Public road freight services have continued to fulfil capably their task in the national transport system. It is estimated that the industry recorded 335,000,000 ton-miles during the year. This figure indicates the magnitude of the demands of industry and trade for the services of road transport operators. Transport firms have provided efficiently the service required from them. E. APPEALS During the year ended 31st March, 1949, 208 appeals against decisions of Licensing Authorities were lodged. Of these, 100 related to goods-services and 108 to passengerservices. This represents 1 appeal lodged for every 43 decisions of Licensing Authorities. In 123 cases either the appeal was withdrawn or the decision of the Licensing Authority upheld. Table 35 sets out full details of the manner in which the Appeal Authority disposed of all cases coming before his notice. F. REHABILITATION The number of transport licences current as at 31st March, 1949, was 8,198, of which 3,553 were held by ex-servicemen, The percentage of total licences operated by ex-servicemen increased from 37 per cent, as at 31st March, 1948, to 43 per cent, as at 31st'March, 1949, by the acquisition of 640 licences during the year. The fact that many licences are held by companies in which ex-servicemen are beneficially interested as shareholders has not been taken into account in arriving at the above figures. As a result the industry has been a more fruitful source of rehabilitation than the departmental records indicate. G. FIXING OF FARES AND CHARGES Until 20th November, 1948, the Licensing Authorities dealt with applications concerning passenger and taxi fares, while the Goods-service Charges Tribunal handled all cases concerning rates for the carriage of goods. As from 20th November, 1948, by the Transport Law Amendment Act, 1948, the functions of fixing and reviewing fares and charges for passenger, taxi, rental car, and goods-services were transferred to a new body, the Transport Charges Committee, from whose decisions there is a right of appeal to the Transport Charges Appeal Authority. The Goods-service Charges Tribunal, which had done valuable work since its appointment in 1942, was abolished. The personnel of the Transport Charges Committee are all required to be qualified accountants. Mr. L. H. Atkinson, 8.C0m., A.R.A.N.Z., of the Transport Department, is Chairman of the Committee, while Mr. H. C. Campbell, A.R.A.N.Z., represents the Transport Industry, and Mr. D. L. M. Martin, 8.C0m., A.R.A.N.Z., the users of transport.

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The Chairman of the former Goods-service Charges Tribunal, Judge Archer, has been appointed Transport Charges Appeal Authority. The Transport Charges Committee was set up in January, 1949, and by the end of the year dealt with 9 cases, including the revision of a rates schedule and the approval of 2 contracts. One appeal against a decision of the Committee was dealt with by the Transport Charges Appeal Authority, the decision resulting in an amendment of the fares approved by the Committee. Tables 38 to 41 in the Appendix set out all fare alterations made during the year ended 31st March, 1949. H. COMPARISON OF PRESENT-DAY WITH PRE-WAR COSTS In the table set out below a comparison has been made between the estimated costs of operating a Heavy Traffic Class I truck as at 31st March, 1939, 1948, and 1949. For the purposes of comparison it has been assumed that the vehicles run 14,600 miles a year and are identical in all respects save that the cost of a new truck (less tires) amounted to £306 in 1939 and £715 in 1948 and 1949.

Estimated Cost of Operating a Class I Truck as at 31st March, 1939, 1948, and 1949

Estimated Costs as at 31st March, 1939. Estimated Costs as at 31st March, 1948. Estimated Costs as at 31st March, 1949. Item. Item Cost. Percentage of Total. Item Cost. Percentage of Total. Item Cost. Percentage of Total. Running-expenses— Petrol Oil .. Tires Repairs £ 168 10 61 82 21 13 1-27 7-67 10-31 £ 244 15 98 127 20-73 1-27 8-32 10-80 ' £ 233 15 91 127 20-10 1-29 7-86 10-96 Total, running-expenses .. 321 40-38 484 41-12 466 40-21 Standing charges— Licence fees Insurance Garage fees Wages Depreciation 37 9 13 279 30 4-65 1-13 1-64 35-09 3-77 37 13 13 424 70 3-14 1-10 1-10 36-02 5-96 37 13 13 424 70 3-19 1-12 1-12 36-59 6-04 Total, standing charges 368 46-28 557 47-32 557 48-06 Overhead charges— Management Office salaries Office rent Printing and stationery Postages Telephone and tolls Accounting, audit, and legal Trade subscriptions General expenses Contingencies Interest on capital 40 20 5 4 3 5 2 2 5 . 5 15 5-03 2-52 0-63 0-50 0-38 0-63 0-25 0-25 0-63 0-63 1-89 50 25 5 5 5 5 2 2 5 5 27 4-25 2-12 0-42 0-43 0-43 0-43 0-17 0-17 0-42 0-43 2-29 50 25 5 5 5 5 2 '2 5 5 27 4-32 2-16 0-43 0-43 0-43 0-43 0-17 0-17 0-43 0-43 2-33 Total, overhead charges .. 106 13-34 136 11-56 136 11-73 Total cost 795 100-00 1,177 100-00 1,159 100-00 Running-expenses, per mile Standing charges, per mile Overhead charges, per mile d. 5-28 6-05 1-74 d. 7-95 9-16 2-24 d. 7-66 9-16 2-24 Total expenses, per mile 13 07 19-35 1906

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In estimating overhead expenses the conventions adopted by the Goods-service Charges Tribunal have been used. The decrease in operating-costs in 1949 is due to a reduction in the cost of petrol and tires during the year. RETAIL DELIVERY SERVICES During the year departmental officers carried out surveys into the extent to which retail delivery services by butchers and bakers are available to the public. These investigations were made in all towns with populations of over 2,000 persons and in a number of the smaller centres. As from 30th April, 1948, the wholesale and retail delivery of bread in the North Shore suburbs of Auckland was placed under the provisions of the Transport Licensing Act, 1931. Transport licences were issued to the bakers, and as a result retail deliveries in the area have been maintained on an efficient basis. Adequate petrol has been made available for retail delivery services, and every effort has been made to assist in the expansion of these facilities. The over-all position appears to have improved slightly during the year. AID FOR BRITAIN : PETROL-RATIONING It is estimated that petrol rationing, which was introduced in its present form in March, 1948, resulted in a saving of approximately 10 million gallons during the year. The petrol allowance for private cars which remained unchanged during the year is as follows :—- Horse-power. Monthly Ration. Under 9*5 h.p. .. .. 6 gallons 9-5 to 14-5 h.p. .. .. .. 9 Over 14*5 h.p. .. .. .. 12 „ During the months of December and January coupons Nos. 16, 17, and 18 were made available at double their face value. CHANGES IN TRANSPORT LAW DURING YEAR The following, in chronological order, are the principal enactments passed during the period Ist April, 1948, to 31st March, 1949 Motor-vehicles Insurance (Third-party Risks) Regulations 1939, Amendment No. 7 I(Serial No. 1948/77). —This contains changes in the annual third-party insurance premiums for motor-vehicles and defines the term " mobile crane." Traffic Regulations 1936, Amendment No. 4 (Serial No. 1948/129). —This amendment permits fire-engines to reduce speed to ten miles per hour at traffic lights and then proceed. It also provides for use of a bell as alternative to a siren for ambulances. Traffic Regulations 1936, Amendment No. 5 (Serial No. 1948/170). —This amendment provides enforcement of parking zone restrictions and adds steering-gear to the list of equipment requiring to be checked before issue of a Warrant of Fitness.

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Transport Law Amendment Act, 1948 (No. 47). —This Act—(а) Provides for particular harbour-ferry services being brought under the Transport Licensing Act by Order in Council. (б) Provides for the appointment of a Transport Co-ordination Council. (c) Authorizes formation of a Transport Charges Committee and Appeal Authority. (d) Sets out procedure on application to fix road and ferry charges and procedure on appeals. (e) Amends the definition of " goods-service " and " passenger-service " to include carriage of goods or passengers by rental trucks or cars and the exemption of ancillary trucks. (/) Requires Certificates of Fitness for all goods-service vehicles, except for Crown, local-body, or farmers' vehicles. (g) Provides power for rostering of taxis, and for erection of shelters for intending passengers of a passenger-service. (h) Enables regulations to be made limiting liability for loss or damage to goods carried by a transport service and authorizing licensees to sell or dispose of unclaimed goods. (i) Extends the classes of persons who may appeal under the Transport Licensing Act to include unsuccessful applicants for a licence, the Director of Stabilization, and permanent Heads of Departments. (j) Amends the definition of a " motor-vehicle " to include any vehicle drawn or propelled by mechanical power regardless of weight. (&) Provides for declaration by the Minister that component parts of articulated motor-vehicles may be regarded as trailers. (I) Provides for penalties for driving motor-vehicles when disqualified, and revocation of licences of mentally defective persons. (m) Amends provisions as to duties of motor-drivers in case of accidents . by requiring drivers to report same at the nearest police-station as soon as practicable unless incapable by means of injuries sustained. (n) Gives power to make regulations enabling local bodies to fix temporary speed-limits where there is a risk of injury or damage. (o) Gives power to Traffic Inspectors to prosecute in traffic cases on behalf of each other. Transport Licensing Passenger Regulations 1936, Amendment No. 8 (Serial No. 1948/202). —This provides for adjustment in* travelling-allowance to Licensing Authorities. Traffic (Road-crossing) Regulations 1944, Amendment No. 1 (Serial No. 1948/203). — This provides that all traffic shall stop for school patrol signs and remain stopped while are extended. Rental Vehicle Regulations 1949, Amendment No. 1 (Serial No. 1948/204). —This broadens the definition of " rental service " to include all types of motor-vehicles used in a service for letting and hiring same. It also provides for the requirement of Certificates of Fitness, for all rental goods-service vehicles —i.e., vehicles over 2 tons laden weight. Transport Licensing (Goods-service) Regulations 1936, Amendment No. 4 (Serial No. 1948/205.) —This provides for forms, &c., in regard to Certificates of Fitness for " ancillary goods-service vehicles."

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Transport (Goods) Applied Provisions Order 1948 (Serial No. 1948/206). —This is a reissue of the statutory provisions applying to licensed goods-services and modifies the exemption applying to carriage of cream, &c., by farmers by making same contingent •on there being 110 licensed goods-service reasonably available for such carriage. Transport Charges Regulations 1948 (Serial No. 1948/207). —This fixes procedure ■on application or appeal to the Transport Charges Committee or the Transport Charges Appeal Authority. Motor-vehicles (Licensing Fees Exemption) Regulations 1948 (Serial No. 1948/208). — This consolidates and amends regulations governing exemption from annual licence fees and exempts vehicles appearing in the First Schedule from mileage-tax for which they were previously liable. Heavy Motor-vehicle Regulations 1940, Amendment No. 6 (Serial No. 1948/209). — This amends the definition of " farmer's truck " for purposes of rebate of heavy traffic fees by removing restrictions on weight (previously 5 tons). It also specifies maximum inflation of tires outside of boroughs with population of 6,000 or upwards. It further permits local authorities to fix both weight and speed limits for heavy traffic using bridges. Traffic Regulations 1936, Amendment No. 6 (Serial No. 1948/212). —This fixes a general speed-limit of 50 m.p.h. (instead of the former 40 m.p.h. under Emergency Regulations), and requires all drivers to stop at compulsory stop signs and ascertain that the way is clear to proceed. OBITUARY I regret to record the deaths of Mr. S. V. Raines, who was the District Licensing Authority for the Nos. 3 and 4 Districts in the South Island; Traffic Inspector J. H. Delves, Senior Traffic Inspector at Whangarei; Traffic Inspector M. Kehoe, of Levin; and Traffic Inspector J. Kehoe, of Whakatane. Mr. Raines occupied the position of District Licensing Authority since 1936 and won a high reputation for himself in the discharge of his duties. Traffic Inspector Delves was a returned soldier of World War I and was appointed as a Traffic Inspector in 1936. He was a very experienced and valuable officer. Traffic Inspector M. Kehoe hacf ten years' service and was also a returned soldier from World War I. He was a popular and efficient officer. Traffic Inspector John Kehoe was a son of Traffic Inspector M. Kehoe, and was appointed to the staff in 1946. He was shot while carrying out his duty on 31st January, 1949. Inspector Kehoe was a fine type of man, and was one of the most promising younger Inspectors in the Department. APPRECIATION It is desired to place on record the thanks of the Department for the willing and helpful co-operation afforded by the many transport and other organizations and local authorities with which the Department came in contact during the year. Particular is made of the New Zealand Road Transport Alliance, the New Zealand Carriers' Federation, the New Zealand Passenger-services Federation, the New Zealand Omnibus Proprietors' Association, the New Zealand Taxi-proprietors' Association, the New Zealand Rental Car Proprietors' Association, the Drivers' Union, the North and South Island Motor Unions, the New Zealand Retail Motor Trade Association, the New Zealand Federated Farmers, the New Zealand Shipowners' Federation, the Associated Chambers of Commerce, the Municipal Association of New Zealand, and the New Zealand Counties Association. I wish to express my thanks to all officers for their willing co-operation in carrying out the duties of the Department.

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Table 1—Table Showing, by Postal Districts, the Number of Motor-vehicles Licensed as at 31st March, 1949, Under the Motor-vehicles Act, 1924

Postal District. Cars. Rental Cars. Private-hire Cars. Light Trucks (i.e., 2 tons and Under Laden). Heavy Trucks (i.e., Over 2 tons Laden). Passengertrucks. Omnibuses. Taxis. Service Cars. Trailers. Dealers' Cars. Local-body and Other Vehicles Exempted Prom Annual Licence Pees. Government Vehicles. Dealers' Cycles. Motor-cycles. Totals. North Island, Whangarei Auckland Thames Hamilton Gisborne Napier .. New Plymouth .. Wanganui Palmerston North Masterton Wellington 6,753 43,243 8,200 19,749 4,416 10,527 10,667 7,352 13,207 4,696 22,325 . 20 201 47 106 15 56 72 33 39 12 123 18 66 4 18 1 8 6 8 6 3 6 1,859 5,419 2,048 4,361 1,056 2,527 2,278 1,672 2,594 1,149 2,927' 1,250. 5,106 1,450 3,333 764 1,745 2,031 1,223 1,811 882 2,611 162 210 262 105 134 94 65 98 90 153 58 365 42 122 34 56 31 11 57 13 200 82 431 69 195 55 76 49 56 68 23 296 45 57 21 99 20 29 19 32 31 11 50 869 4,922 1,384 3,190 592 1,354 934 932 1,981 682 1,907 52 299 62 153 37 67 85 52 78 34 214 815 1,739 1,142 1,914 546 929 1,147 630 1,093 534 440 224 1,482 154 1,145 225 309 152 225 495 9 1,756 2 13 3 2 1 6 3 5 1 8 581 -4,321 621 1,453 426 741 757 647 1,097 274 1,961 12,790 67,874 15,324 36,107 8,294 18,559 18,328 12,941 ' 22,660 8,413 34,977 Totals, North Island .. 151,135 724 144 27,890 22,206 1,450 989 1,400 414 18,747 1,133 10,929 6,176 51 12,879 256,267 South Island Blenheim Nelson .. .. .. Westport Greymouth Christchurch Timaru Oamaru Dunedin Invercargill 2,369 4,751 650 2,073 30,616 6,465 2,560 13,856 10,618 8 35 4 6 1*30 64 1 54 30 4 15 3 8 39 3 ' 19 4 645 1,312 184 , 543 3,836 1,241 620 2,289 1,976 337 768 146 418 3,563 720 353 1,681 1,631 32 48 16 47 184 66 23 172 144 9 30 18 36 140 17 105 46 25 34 26 162 36 16 180 86 4 67 9 25 67 21 48 35 426 681 60 201 4,471 1,066 389 1,655 1,597 24 25 12 209 53 13 81 59 481 579 36 97 3,521 1,194 357 1,682 3,133 66 311 74 182 1,346 108 20 395 384 2 ' 10 1 1 5 5 210 417 85 237 3,083 422 163 1,638 780 4,640 9,075 1,295 3,911 51,377 11,477 4,525 23,860 20,528 Totals, South Island .. 73,958 332 ' 95 12,646 9,617 732 408 570 278 10,546 481 11,080 2,886 24 7,035 130,688 Totals, New Zealand .. 225,093 1,056 239 40,536 31,823 2,182 1,397 1,970 692 29,293 1,614 22,009 9,062 75 19,914 386,955

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Table 2—Comparative Table Showing Number of Motor-vehicles Licensed as at 31st March, 1938 to 1949, Inclusive

Year. Cars, Private and Business. Cars, Dealers. Motorcycles. Motorcycles, Dealers. Trucks, not Exceeding 2 Tons Laden. Trucks, Exceeding 2 Tons Laden. Service Cars. Omnibuses. Taxis and Privatehire Cars. Rental Cars. Local-body and Other Vehicles Exempt Prom Licence Pees., Government Vehicles. Trailers. Passengertrucks. Totals (Excluding Trailers). 1938 190,554 1,837 22,880 140 26,590 20,430 695 656 1,755* 713* 2,892 2,703 7,087 1,395 273,240 1939 212,566 1,953 21,109 150 27,794 21,393 659 691 1,695* 782* 4,650 3,492 9,345 1,652 298,586 1940 219,938 1,861 19,201 145 27,639 21,559 622 754 1,777 564 5,873 4,290 11,518 1,785 306,008 1941 215,516 1,343 18,276 103 27,197 21,280 579 747 1,675 577 6,401 4,713 13,120 1,560 299,967 1942 207,353 1,021 16,098 71 26,456 20,527 561 785 1,709 523 6,933 8,958+ 13,438 1,360 292,355 1943 194,715 741 16,459 43 26,456 19,433 560 817 1,889 487 7,073 16,572+ 12,105 1,285 286,530 1944 199,379 721 12,479 47 27,054 19,928 550 862 1,987 500 7,430 4,687 15.059 1,454 277,078 1945 198,629 789 13,624 43 28,616 21,985 572 932 2,005 501 9,611 5,207 17,064 1,576 284,090 1946 200,492 933 16,110 57 30,435 23,499 595 1,025 2,113 546 11,903 5,814 20$031 1,947 295,469 1947 201,155 1,282 17,634 65 33,134 25,375 637 1,133 2,147 828 14,451 8,296 22,788 1,997 308,134 1948 216,450 1,421 18,995 71 36,591 28,839 679 1,267 2,231 1,047 17,549 8,455 25,254 2,100 335,695 1949 225,093 1,614 19,914 75 40,536 31,823 692 1,397 2,209 1,056 22,009 9,062 29,293 2,182 357,662 * Private hire-cars arc included under " not subsequently relicensed. Rental Cars " for the 1938-39 licensing years. Separate figures not available. t Includes Armed Services vehicles which were

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Table 3—Taxation of Motor-vehicles, 1934-1948: Table Showing the Annual Yield for the Years Ended 31st March, 1934 to 1948, in Respect of (a) Customs Duties on Motor-vehicles and Parts; (b) Tire-tax; (c) Motor-spirits Tax; (d) Fees, &c., Under the Motor-vehicles Act, 1924; (e) Heavy Traffic Fees; (f) Drivers' Licenses; and (g) Mileage-tax

* Calendar years ended 31st December previous. Estimated,, and includes primage and surtax on vehicles and parts and tax on tires attached to vehicles or parts, t This item covers payments made by the Post Office to the Consolidated Fund during the financial year. No account is taken of payments deferred or held over to the next year. If an adjustment is made for this item, the 1047 figure is amended to £656,400 and the 1948 figure to £667,900, being the actual taxation paid during the year. 1 Subject to revision. For the year ended 31st March, 1948.

Year Ended 31st March, Customs Duties in Respect of Motor-vehicles and Parts (as Supplied by Customs Department).* Tire-tax (as Supplied by Customs Department.) Motor-spirits Tax (Net Balance), (as Supplied by Customs Department). Fees, &c., Under Motor-vehicles Act, 1924 (as Supplied by Post and Telegraph Department).! Heavy Traffic Fees (as Collected by Local Bodies). Drivers' Licence Fees (as Collected by Local Bodies). Mileage-tax (as Collected by Post and Telegraph Department). Total. £(000) £(000) £(000) £(000) £(000) £(000) £(000) £(000) 1934 120-8 67-8 2,351-6 346-2 171-5 60-4 1-9 3,120-2 1935 531 -1 100-6 2,593-2 391-7 204-8 61-4 1-5 3,884-3 1936 721-9 102-3 2,896-2 431-9 232,- 1 66-3 2-2 4,452-9 1937 985-3 154-9 3,370-0 493-6 266-6 75-8 4-8 5,351-0 1938 951-6 176-5 3,808-5 563-0 305-7 83-6 9-3 5,898-2 1939 924-3 167-9 4,132-4 612-4 346-9 91-1 13-5 6,288-5 1940 376-0 103-8 4,494-3 619-7 364-0 94-4 21-4 6,073-6 1941 143-0 63-9 4,163-5 573-5 351-8 92-1 28-5 5,416-3 1942 276-0 116-3 3,822-5 611-5 348-3 •94-6 31-0 5,300-2 1943 117-0 19-9 2,762-4 •516-2 321-2 75-0 30-3 3,842-0 1944 48-0 6-6 2,840-0 474-0 346-8 80-8 28-1 3,824-3 1945 302-0 128-9 3,025-0 509-6 392-1 84-3 29-8 . 4,471-7 1946 265-0 154-2 3,973-1 499-5 427-5 97-4 33-1 5,449-8 1947 500-0 210-0 5,249-7 479-4 485-6 107-4 29-6 7,061-7 1948 1,662-0$ 246-9 5,930-0 768-9 572-6 112-5 31-9 9,324-8 Totals 7,924-0 1,820-5 ! 55,412-4 7,891-1 5,137-5 1,277-1 296-9 79,759-5

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* Includes £1,647,080 reserve for redemption fund. N.B.—The bulk of Interest is an estimate of interest on local-body and public-road liability. Since the year 1932-33 no statistics have been available for local-body road indebtedness, and the 1947-48 estimate is based on the assumption that the' proportion of road to total debt has not varied ; this is found to be the most satisfactory way of arriving at a reasonable estimate. The road-liability proportion of public debt is a known figure, and interest has been calculated on the average rates prevailing for the year 1947-48.

Table 4—Table Showing the Annual Expenditure Upon Roads, Streets, and Bridges During the Years Ended 31st March, 1940 to 1948, Inclusive

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— 1939-40. 1940-41. 1941-42; 1942-43. 1943-44. 1944-45. 1945-46. 1946-47. 1947-48. Maintenance — Main Highways Urban roads and streets Other roads £ 1,612,869 466,372 1,410,581 £ 1,399,816 432,029 1,364,647 £ 1,254,044 434,322 1,346,036 £ 1,240,172 404,775 1,175,127 £ 1,494,918 441,633 1,270,279 £ 1,527,488 496,812 1,447,075 £ 1,858,556 570,321 1,581,970 £ 2,243,521 611,391 1,747,900 £ 2,911,855 683,668 1,770,092 Total 3,489,822 3,196,492 3,034,402 2,820,074 3,206,830 3,471,375 4,010,847 4,602,812 5,365,615 Construction — Main highways Urban roads and streets Other roads 3,132,162 1,351,333 2,021,968 1,452,145 1,114,794 1,159,125 601,215 777,078 542,015 105,404 443,924 267,842 43,235 452,656 187,549 234,533 494,809 248,223 363,249 578,419 295,347 883,734 628,404 376,052 1,831,617 740,799 516,044 Total 6,505,463 3,726,064 1,920,308 817,170 683,440 977,565 1,237,015 1,888,190 3,088,460 Interest and sinking fund charges — Main highways Urban roads and streets Other roads 911,127 616,098 1,311,435 2,273,396* 626,309 1,260,172 657,190 628,831 1,205,186 760,277 628,968 1,037,630 695,571 698,960 995,773 756,380 634,728 1,033,954 717,536 723,237 914,997 .562,951 641,841 1,183,039 561,852 662,230 1,169,108 Total 2,838,660 4,159,877 2,491,207 2,426,875 2,390,304 2,425,062 2,355,770 2,387,831 2,393,190 Grand total 12,833,945 11,082,433 7,445,917 6,064,119 6,280,574 6,874,002 7,603,632 8,878,833 10,847,265

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Table 5—Table Showing the Sources of Revenue From Which Moneys Were Expended Upon Roads, Streets, and Bridges During the Years Ended 31st March, 1940 to 1948, Inclusive

1939-40. 1940-41. 1 1941-42. 1942-43. 1943-44. 1944-45. 1945-46. 1946-47. 1947-48. Highways — £££££££££ Loans .. .. 2,954,990 1,382,996 572,586 100,385 37,708. 219,350 342,846 841,652 1,744,397 Local rates.. .. 494,527 441,093 414,191 379,454 335,127 434,256 400,128 510,969 542,793 Employ.Promotion Fund 7,883 General taxation .. 185,093 66,213 27,649 4,779 5,119 530,989 538,756 359,559 397,065 Motor-taxation .. 2,013,665 3,235,055 1,498,023 1,621,235 1,855,770 1,333,806 1,657,611 1,978,026 2,621,069 Totals .. 5,656,158 5,125,357 2,512,449 2,105,853 2,233,724 2,518,401 2,939,341 3,690,206 5,305,324 . .. 134,564 122,188 53,474 11,976 21,978 23,707 33,084 48,168 77,456 Local rates . . .. 1,119,370 1,085,284' 1,073,887 1,045,470 1,188,056 1,202,381 1,402,841 1,309,202 1,438,575 Employ. Promotion Fund 732,958 562,224 327,669 73,321 36,409 28,289 26,343 19,440 General taxation Motor-taxation .. 446,911 403,436 385,201 346,900 346,806 371,972 409,709 504,826 570,666 Totals .. 2,433,803 2,173,132 1,840,231 1,477,667 1,593,249 1,626,349 1,871,977 1,881,636 2,086,697 Other roads — Loans .. .. 1,181,869 643,890 270,348 145,323 84,321 125,470 192,524 239,538 343,191 Local rates .. .. 1,137,785 1,110,062 1,111,014 1,000,631 992,655 1,192,808 1,258,255 1,342,232 1,367,303 Employ.Promotion Fund 299,478 180,724 90,302 27,634 19,994 24,375 23,531 17,661 17,394 General taxation .. 1,767,757 1,494,575 1,250,220 986,319 1,019,005 1,013,064 914,137 1,282,879 1,245,223 Motor-taxation .. 357,095 354,693 371,353 320,692 337,626 373,535 403,867 424,681 482,133 Totals .. 4,743,984 3,783,944 3,093,237 2,480,599 2,453,601 2,729,252 2,792,314 3,306,991 3,455,244 All roads — Loans .. .. 4,271,423 2,149,074 896,408 257,684 144,007 368,527 568,454 1,129,358 2,165,U44 Local rates . . .. 2,751,682 2,636,439 2,599,092 2,425,555 2,515,838 2,829,445 3,061,224 3,162,403 3,348,671 Employ.Promotion Fund 1,040,319 742,948 417,971 100,955 56,403 52,664 49,874 37,101 17,394 General taxation .. 1,952,850 1,560,788 1,277,869 991,098 1,024,124 1,544,053 1,452,893 1,642,438 1,642,288 Motor-taxation .. 2,817,671 3,993,184 2,254,577 2,288,827 2,540,202 2,079,313 2,471,187 2,907,533 3,673,868 Totals 12,833,945 11,082,433 7,445,917 6,064,119 6,280,574 6,874,002 7,603,632 8,878,833 10,847,265 The item " general taxation " covers the sources of revenue other than receipts by way of loan .local rates ,Employment Promotion Fund, and motor-taxation. " Motor-taxation •• includes receipts from motor-drivers' licences and heavy-traffic fees.

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Table 6—Table Showing the Approximate Percentage of the Five Main Sources of Money Expended Annually on All Roads During the Years Ended 31st March, 1940 to 1948

Source. 1939-40. 1940-41. 1 1941-42. 1942-43. 1943-44. j 1944-45. 1945-46. 1946-47. 1947-48. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. PerCent. Per Cent. Loan 33-3 19-4 12-0 4-3 2-3 5-3 7-5 12-7 1 19-9 Local rates 21-4 23-8 34-9 40-0 40-1 41-2 40-2 35-6 ! 30-9 Employment Promotion Fund 8-1 6-7 5-6 1-7 0-9 0-8 0-7 0-4 0-2 General taxation .. 15-2 14-1 17-2 16-3 16-3 22-5 19-1 18-5 15-1 Motor-taxation .. .. 22-0 36-0 30-3 37-7 40-4 30-2 32-5 32-8 33-9 Total 100-0 100-0 100-0 1 100-0 100-0 100-0 100-0 100-0 100-0

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Table 7—Table Showing Annual Charges Per Mile on Roads and Streets

Annual Charges per Mile of Road. Year ended 31st March, Length of Formed Roads. Maintenance. Interest and Loan Charges. Total. (a) Main Highways £ £ £ 1940 .. 12,017 134 76 210 1941 .. 12,031 116 189* 305 1942 .. 12,032 104 55 159 1943 .. 12,034 103 63 166 1944 12,027 124 58 182 1945 12,060 127 63 190 1946 .. 12,104 154 59 213 1947 .. 12,104 185 47 232 1948 .. 12,094 241 46 287 (b) Urban Roads and Streets 1940 4,110 113 150 263 1941 4,117 105 152 257 1942 4,142 105 152 257 1943 4,164 97 151 248 1944 4,287 103 163 266 1945 .. 4,298 116 148 264 1946 4,325 132 167 299 1947 4,302 142 149 291 1948 .. 4,445 154 (c) Other Roads 149 303 1940 36,835 38 36 74 1941 .. 37,116 37 34 71 1942 36,949 36 33 69 1943 .. 37,015 32 28 60 1944 37,135 34 27 61 1945 .. 37,405 39 28 67 1946 .. 37,364 42 24 66 1947 .. 37,249 47 32 79 1948 .. 1 37,460 47 31 78 Total, 'All Roads (a), (b), and (c) 1940 .. 52,962 66 54 120 194153,264 60 78 138 1942 53,123 57 47 104 1943 .. 53,213 53 46 99 1944 53,449 60 45 105 1945 53,763 65 45 110 1946 .. 53,793 75 44 119 1947 53,655 86 45 131 1948 .. 53,999 99 44 143 * This high interest charge is due to the payment of a large sum to Sinking Fund.

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Table 8—Table Showing Comparison of Details of Fatal Motor Accidents For the Calendar Years 1944 to 1948, Inclusive

37 H—40 Table 8—Table Showing Comparison op Details of Fatal Motor Accidents For the Calendar Years 1944 to 1948, Inclusive Item. Year. 1944. 1945. 1940. • 1947. 1948. Number of Fatal Accidents (a) Total number 134 109 174 188 187 Number in daylight 74 70 90 88 100 Number in darkness 60 39 84 100 87 (fe) Number occurring in built up areas— • Total number 74 60 80 88 89 Number in daylight 44 35 37 39 46 Number in darkness 30 25 43 49 43 (c) Number occurring on rural roads— Total number 60 49 94 100 98 Number in daylight 30 35 53 49 54 Number in darkness 30 14 41 51 44 (d) Number of collisions between motorvehicles — Total number 16 20 23 41 28 Number in daylight 8 15 12 24 20 Number in darkness 8 5 11 17 8 (e) Number of collisions with railway trains — Total number 6 7 12 10 6 Number in daylight . . 6 7 10 9 6 Niimber in darkness 2 1 (/) Number of collisions with trams 3 3 3 1 (g) Number of collisions with bicyclists— Total number 23 13 23 21 27 Number in daylight 14 8 11 11 12 Number in darkness 0 5 12 10 15 (h) Number of collisions with j>edestrians— Total number 42 33 54 48 56 Number in daylight 24 24 27 16 25 Number in darkness ' 18 9 27 32 31 (i) Number of collisions with horse-vehicles or 1 1 1 animals ( j) Number of other collisions — Total number15 6 18 ' 16 17 Number in daylight 7 5 7 6 8 Number in darkness 8 1 11 10 9 (k) Number of non-collisions — Total number 32 17 40 50 52 Number in daylight 15 11 23 22 29 Number in. darkness 17 6 17 28 23 Number of Persons Killed (a) Total number . . 140 129 190 206 196 (b) Number of occupants of motor-vehicles 56 68 83 108 82 (excluding motor-cycles) (c) Number of riders of motor-cycles or pillion17 15 24 30 28 riders (d) Number of bicyclists 23 13 23 21 27 (e) Number of pedestrians .. 42 33 57 47 58 {/) Number of other road-users 2 3 1

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Table 9—Table Showing Types of Motor Accidents During the Calendar Year 1948

Table 10—Table Showing Distribution of Motor Accidents on Roads and Streets During the Calendar Year 1948

Number of Accidents. Type of Accident. In Built-up Areas. In Areas not Built Up. | 1 In All Areas. Fatal. Nonfatal. Total. Fatal. Nonfatal. Total. Fatal. Nonfatal. Total. Collisions With another motorvehicle With a railway train With an electric tram .. With a bicyclist With a pedestrian With a horse-vehicle With an animal With a telegraph pole .. With a fixed object Other collisions 11 4 i9 41 ' 7 3 723 16 34 723 633 4 4 90 9 80 734 20 34 742 674 4 4 97 9 83 17 2 *8 15 1 2 "5 365 8 *75 74 2 23 46 *57 382 10 83 89 3 23 48 62 28 6 *27 56 1 *9 "8 1,088 24 34 798 707 6 27 136 9 137 1,116 30 34 825 • 763 7 27 145 9 145 Total, collisions 85 2,316 2,401 50 650 700 135 2,966 3,101 Non-collisions Drove off roadway Over bank Overturned on road Person fell from vehicle Other 1 1 2 23 18 56 36 12 '23 19 57 38 12 15 i 14 12 6 1 76 93 90 29 7 91 107 102 35 8 15 15 13 8 1 99 111 146 65 19 114 126 159 73 20 Total, non-collisions 4 145 149 48 295 343 52 440 492 . Total, accidents 89 2,461 2,550 98 945 1,043 187 , 3,406 3,593

H—40 Table 9—Table Show ing Types of 38 Motor Accidents During 1948 THE Calendar Year Number of Accidents. Type of Accident. In Built-up Areas. In Areas not Built Up. In All Areas. Fatal. Nonfatal. Total. Fatal. Non- ! fatal. Total. Fatal Non " Jiatal. j fetah Total. Collisions With another motoi vehicle With a railway train With an electric tram . With a bicyclist With a pedestrian With a horse-vehicle With an animal With a telegraph pole . With a fixed object Other collisions 11 4 i9 41 7 3 723 16 34 723 633 4 4 90 9 80 734 20 34 742 674 4 4 97 9 83 17 2 "8 15 1 "2 5 365 8 '75 74 2 23 46 '57 382 10 '83 89 3 23 48 '62 28 6 27 56 1 "9 "8 1,088 24 34 798 707 6 27 136 9 137 1,116 30 34r 825 * 763 7 27 145 9 145 Total, collisions 85 2,316 2,401 50 650 700 135 2,966 3,101 Non-collisions Drove off roadway Over bank Overturned on road Person fell from vehicle Other 1 1 2 23 18 56 36 12 23 19 57 38 12 15 14 12 6 1 76 93 90 29 7 91 107 102 35 8 15 15 13 8 1 99 111 146 65 19 114 126 159 73 20 Total, non-collisions 4 145 149 48 295 343 52 440 492 . Total, accidents 89 2,461 2,550 98 945 1,043 187 3,406 3.593 Table 10—Table Showing Distri Streets Durinc BUTION OF ]\ r THE CALEND Iotor Accidents ar Year 1948 on Roads and Fatal Accidents. Non-fatal Accidents. All Accidents. Classification of Locality. Number. Percentage of Total. Number. Percentage of Total. Number. Percentage of Total. Four main centres Secondary cities (5) Boroughs 6,000-20,000 population . . Small boroughs, town districts, and closely populated localities 55 9 9 16 .29-4 4-8 4-8 8-6 ■ 1.376 332 431 322 40-4 9-7 12-6 9-5 1,431 341 440 338 39-8 9-5 12-3 9-4 Totals, built-up areas 89 47-6 2,461 72-2 2,550 71-0 State highways Main highways Other rural roads 50 21 27 26-7 11-2 14-5 497 248 200 14-6 7-3 5-9 547 269 227 15-2 7-5 6-3 Total, open-road accidents 98 52-4 945 27-8 1,043 29-0 Total accidents 187 100-0 3,406 1000 3,593 100-0

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Table 11—Table Showing Number and Type of Motor Accidents Occurring in the Larger Centres of Population During Calendar Year 1948

Table 12—Table Showing Classification of Road-users Killed or Injured Each Month During Calendar Year 1948

39 H—40 Table 11 —Table Showing Number and Type of Motor Accidents Occurring in the Larger Centres of Population During Calendar Year 1948 Type of Accident. §8-3 a 3 . 33 If a §3 Is '3 §3 13 S3 IS "3 0 H *s 1 P 0 1-^ fc * a M H Number of fatal accidents . . 31 - 6 11 7 7 1 1 Number of Collisions With other motor-vehicle . . 193 83 78 44 24 24 18 11 18 493 With railway train 4 3 1 2 2 12 With electric tram 11 6 9 5 31 With bicyclist 134 46 144 47 38 23 33 14 34 513 With pedestrian 219 142 38 50 22 11 5 3 13 503 With telegraph or power pole 31 14 7 3 6 2 2 1 2 68 "Other collisions 26 24 2 10 4 3 2 .3 1 75 Non-collisions Vehicle left road 2 5 1 1 9 Vehicle overturned 11 12 4 "3 3 1 3 37 Person fell from vehicle 16 3 3 3 1 26 Other 6 10 1 4 1 2 24 Total number of accidents 653 345 286 166 106 65 63 36 71 1,791 * Table 12—Table Showing Classification of Road-users Killed or Injured Bach Month During Calen dar Year 1948 Occi Number of Persons Killed or Injured. Month. lpants Motor-cyclists I of Motor- or PillionBicyclists. Pedestrians. Oth vehicles, riders. [ January 220 58 53 54 2 387 February 198 65 52 57 8 380 March 233 59 71 65 4 432 April 210 51 72 70 7 410 May 182 50 82 69 9 392 June 213 54 93 84 6 450 July 204 54 81 93 7 439 August 165 47 69 73 3 357 September . 183 58 65 68 4 378 October 226 72 55 78 7 438 November . 187 42 73 58 4 364 December . 275 63 78 54 5 475 Totals . 2,496 673 844 823 66 4.902

39 H—40 Table 11—Table Showing Number and Type of Motor Accidents Occurring in the Larger Centres of Population During Calendar Year 1948 Type of Accident. §8-3 a 3 . 33 If a §3 Is '3 §3 13 S3 IS "3 0 H *s 1 P 0 1-^ fc * a M H Number of fatal accidents . . 31 - 6 11 7 7 1 1 Number of Collisions With other motor-vehicle . . 193 83 78 44 24 24 18 11 18 493 With railway train 4 3 1 2 2 12 With electric tram 11 6 9 5 31 With bicyclist 134 46 144 47 38 23 33 14 34 513 With pedestrian 219 142 38 50 22 11 5 3 13 503 With telegraph or power pole 31 14 7 3 6 2 2 1 2 68 "Other collisions 26 24 2 10 4 3 2 .3 1 75 Non-collisions Vehicle left road 2 5 1 1 9 Vehicle overturned 11 12 4 "3 3 1 3 37 Person fell from vehicle 16 3 3 3 1 26 Other 6 10 1 4 1 2 24 Total number of accidents 653 345 286 166 106 65 63 36 71 1,791 * Table 12—Table Showing Classification of Road-users Killed or Injured Bach Month During Calen dar Year 1948 Occi Number of Persons Killed or Injured. Month. lpants Motor-cyclists I of Motor- or PillionBicyclists. Pedestrians. Oth vehicles, riders. [ January 220 58 53 54 2 387 February 198 65 52 57 8 380 March 233 59 71 65 4 432 April 210 51 72 70 7 410 May 182 50 82 69 9 392 June 213 54 93 84 6 450 July 204 54 81 93 7 439 August 165 47 69 73 3 357 September . 183 58 65 68 4 378 October 226 72 55 78 7 438 November . 187 42 73 58 4 364 December . 275 63 78 54 5 475 Totals . 2,496 673 844 823 66 4.902

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Table 13—Table Showing Number of Young Children Killed or Injured as Pedestrians During the Seven Calendar Years 1942-48, Inclusive

Table 14—Table Showing Number of School Pupils Killed or Injured During the Seven Calendar Years 1942-1948, Inclusive

H—40 40 Table 13—Table Showing Number of Young Children Killed or Injured as Pedestrians During the Seven Calendar Years 1942-48, Inclusive Age of Child. Number of Casualties During the Year. ■ 1942. 1943. 19.44. 1945. 1946 1947. 194S. Under one year 1 1 1 One year .. 1 4 1 (i 1 9 Two years 13 6 12 ! 6 13 11 17 Three years 12 13 14 14 21 20 32 Four years 12 33 13 12 35 20 29 Totals 38 52 43 ! 33 75 1 53 S7 Table 14—Table Showing IS "umber of School Pupils Killed or Injured During the Seven Calendar Years 1942-1948, Inclusive Age of Child. Number of Pedestrian Casualties During the Year. 1942. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1940. 1947. 1948. Five years 25 8 1 1 • 1 ' 1 19 19 29 41 39 Six years 15 12 20 13 38 39 24 Seven years 13 10 16 10 24 20 21 Eight years 12 6 8 6 9 12 19 Nine years 7 7 10 11 12 11 10 Totals, 5-9 years 72 , 43 73 59 112 123 113 Ten years 5 3 6 5 9 12 9 Eleven years 9 1 6 8 9 3 6 Twelve years 4 2 9 4 9 12 7 Thirteen years 4 4 2 2 9 1 | 12 Fourteen years 1 1 4 5 7 11 4 Fifteen years 1 5 7 | 4 4 8 Totals, 10-15 years 24 16 34 28. 47 43 46 Totals, 5-15 years 96 59 107 87 1 159 166 1 159 Age of Child. Number of Cyclist Casualties During the Year. 1942. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. 1947. 1948. Five years ! 2 .. 1 Sis years 2 3 1 6 i 3 1 Seven years 3 1 3 14 3 10 8 Eight years 3 4 1 7 7 15 12 Nine years 7 6 10 10 10 16 24 Totals, 5-9 years 15 16 15 27 23 42 45 Ten vears 14 10 7 4 12 26 25 Eleven years 15 10 14 15 24 20 29 Twelve years 18 12 15 15 31 21 27 Thirteen years 26 10 25 9 27 37 40 Fourteen years 31 8 15 10 30 22 43 Fifteen years 21 14 22 29 40 39 53 Totals, 10-15 years 12564 98 82 164 165 217 Totals, 5-15 years 140 80 113 109 187 207 262

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Table 15 —Table Showing Nature of Offences Involving Convictions During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949

Nature of Offence. 1948-49. • (a) Road traffic offences — Intoxicated in charge 89 Negligent driving 6 Driving in dangerous manner 193 Dangerous speeding 69 Careless or inconsiderate driving 134 Exceeding 30 miles per liour 760 Overtaking offences 45 Failing to keep to left 116 Failing to .yield at intersections Drivers' licence offences .85 388 Licensing and registration offences 175 . Lighting defects 468 Defective brakes 190 Warrant of Fitness offences 876 Loading offences .. 82 Cycling offences 393 *Exceeding 40 miles per hour 282 Other offences .. 712 Failure to dip lights 47 Crossing railway-line when not clear 29 (b) Heavy motor-vehicle offences — Exceeding heavy-traffic licence 86 Exceeding axle load .. 68 No heavy-traffic licence 148 Speeding 182 No disk or class plates 16 Other offences 30 (c) Transport licensing offences — Unlicensed services 127 Breach of terms of licences 8 Failure to carry vehicle authority 68 Other offences 96 Failure to carry certificate of fitness 41 (d) Miscellaneous offences— Under miscellaneous Acts and regulations 64 Total 6,073 * Includes 50 m.p.h. as from 1st January, 1949.

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Table 16—Table Showing a Summary of Traffic Offences Dealt With by Districts from 1946 to 1949

Table 17—Table Showing a Summary of Speeding Offences for the Years 1945-46 to 1948-49, Inclusive

Year Ended 31st March, Offences. Prosecuted Convicted. Dismissed. Withdrawn. Warned. Fines. No. 1 District, Auckland 1946 .. 3,791 2,240 2,184 16 40 i 1,551 £ 2,811 1947 .. 3,511 1,848 1,789 43 61 1,663 2,807' 1948 * .. 4,302 2,121 2,081 26 14 2,181 3,987 1949 .. 4,088 2,250 2,175 48 27 1,838 4,273 No. 2 District, Wellington 1946 .. 4,396 2,724 2,647 34 43" | 1,672 3,990 1947 .. 3,504 1,989 1,933 23 33 1,515 3,281 1948 .. 2,990 1,521 1,460 35 26 1,469 2,801 1949 .. 3,602 1,744 1,716 16 12 | 1,858 3,231 No. 3 District, Christchurch 1946 .. 1,019 678 663 2 13 341 694 1947 .. 1,323 767 750 3 14 556 979' 1948 .. 1,400 806 795 8 3 594 1,164 1949 .. 2,022 1,531 1,504 14 13 491 2,166' No. 4 District, Dunedin 1946 .. 1,444 825 794 17 14 619 1,002 1947 .. 1,785 852 831 11 10 933 1,220 1948 .. 1,525 855 835 13 7 670 1,359 1949 .. 1,404 697 678 10 9 707 1,231

Period and Offence. Prosecuted. Convicted. Dismissed. Withdrawn. Pines • Recorded in 1948-49. 1945-46 £ Dangerous speed 16 16 61 Exceeding 30 m.p.h. 476 467 2 7 935 Exceeding 25 m.p.h. 397 387 3 7 851 Exceeding 40 m.p.h. 480 474 2 4 1,377 1946-47 Dangerous speed 27 25 1 1 109Exceeding 30 m.p.h. 558 552 2 4 1,294 Exceeding heavy motor-vehicle speed 269 267 2 620 Exceeding 40 m.p.h. 379 373 1 5 1,115 Failure to dip 94 91 1 2 ioa 1947-48 Dangerous speed .. 64 60 3 1 246Exceeding 30 m.p.h. .. 616 607 4 5 1,411 Exceeding heavy motor-vehicle speed 163 161 1 1 358 Exceeding 40 m.p.h. 348 344 3 1 1,078 Failure to dip 69 67 1 1 79 1 1948-49 Dangerous speed 71 69 1 1 299 Exceeding 30 m.p.h. 765 760 3 2 1,953 Exceeding heavy motor-vehicle speed 185 182 1 2 433 Exceeding 40 m.p.h. 282 282 881 Failure to dip 47 47 I 57

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Table 18—Table Showing Defects in the Various Types of Passenger-service Vehicles on the Basis of 100 Vehicles Examined*

Item. Omnibuses. Trolleybuses. Service Oars. Service Coaches. Passenger - trucks. School Buses. School Vehicles. i H Rental Cars, j Ambulances. Unladen weight displayed .. 5-0 13-3 8-2 7-9 16-0 9-2 4-3 6-2 Headlights 11-3 6-7 17-2 13-8 17-0 15-1 10-4 12-2 11-9 12-4 Tail and stop lights 20-6 13-3 23-4 23-8 25-8 24-0 32-5 18-8 5-4 17-0 Marker lights and destination 8-4 6-7 7-5 8-1 10-0 7-8 1-2 0-5 0-1 1-5 signs Warning-devices 0-8 3-6 1-7 2-3 2-0 1-2 0-7 1-6 1-0 Windscreen-wiper 2-4 13-3 31 2-1 3-2 2-9 1-2 11 3-0 0-5 Rear vision mirror 5-4 6-7 2-5 4-3 7-1 2-9 2-5 0-3 1-9 10 Internal lights, notices, and 8-1 6-7 4-8 6-4 3-6 6-2 3-7 0-9 0-6 1-5 signals Direction-indicator 11-5 6-7 13-4 5-0 11-6 1-2 0-3 1-4 0-5 Sun-visor 6-8 6-7 4-8 2-9 13-8 4-7 6-1 1-4 0-3 3-1 Fire-extinguisher 6-3" 20-0 14-9 7-0 7-2 11-2 23-3 1-0 0-1 6-7 Entrance and emergency 14-3 13-3 11-7 16-1 14-0 14-9 11-7 7-2 4-9 8-8 doors Upholstery and seat comfort 13-9 66-7 8-4 7-6 4-0 9-0 3-7 4-7 6-8 4-6 Vehicle clean 7-8 21 1-2 1-9 0-5 1-2 1-0 0-9 2-1 Suitable jack carried 0-9 0-6 0-6 2-4 1-4 0-6 0-3 0-3 10 Tires safe 0-9 1-3 0-4 3-0 2-3 31 2-1 21 1-0 Fuel-supply safe 1-7 4-0 3-9 11 3-9 1-2 0-6 0-9 3-6 Engine-condition 3-4 4-6 91 5-4 5-3 4-3 2-1 3-0 3-6 Steering gear 20-3 6-7 24-7 25-4 39-1 27-3 28-2 28-9 22-2 19-1 Transmission 7-0 6-5 4-1 6-3 5-0 4-9 2-9 2-0 8-2 Brake-connections 3-4 71 5-0 14-8 5-4 190 10-6 1-8 7-7 Springs and shackles 6-9 6-7 8-6 10-0 12-7 15-1 15-3 8-3 5-1 12-4 •General body condition 13-3 66-7 13-8 10-3 8-5 9-8 4-9 3-8 3-6 9-3 Brakes, foot 7-5 26-7 14-6 5-8 10-9 12-2 11-7 6-9 8-2 8-8 Brakes, hand 12-2 19-2 18-8 18-3 15-8 13-5 19-6 11-5 20-6 Vehicles free from defects 17-8 26-7 17-2 13; 4 17-7 12-5 210 38-6 37-9 21-7 * The defects relate to the last inspection made prior to 31st March, 1949.

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Table 19 —Table Showing Defects in Goods-service Vehicles on the Basis of 100 Vehicles Examined*

Table 20—Table Showing Defects in Private Cabs, etc., on the Basis of 100 Vehicles Examined *

Number of Defects Item. per 100 Vehicles Examined. | Unladen weight 12-9 Trade name and address 6-2 Headlights 18-4 Tail-light 14-2 Warning-device 3-4 Windscreen-wiper 3-4 Rear vision mirror 8-5 Tires safe 1-1 Jack carried 0-9 Fuel supply 0-8 Brake-connection 11-5 Steering-gear 33-0 Transmission 6-5 Engine-condition 3-5 Driver's exit 13-1 Brakes, foot 10-1 Brakes, hand 15-6 Vehicles free from defects 24-9 * The defects relate to the last inspection made prior to 31st March, 1949.

Item. Number of Defects Per 100 Vehicles Examined. Brakes, foot 21-0 Brakes, hand 17-2 Lights, head 16-9 Lights, tail 4-3 Steering-gear 14-1 Windscreen-wiper 1-6 Bear vision mirror 0-3 Warning-device 0-9 Door-fastenings 1 -5 Vehicles free from defects 57-5 * The defects relate to the last inspection (carried out by the municipal testing stations afc Wanganui, Christchurch, and Dunedin) prior to 31st March, 1949.

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Table 21—Table Showing the Number of Passenger and Goods-service Vehicles in Operation in the Auckland, Wellington, Canterbury, and Otago Districts as at 31st March, 1949

Table 22—Table Showing the of the Ownership of Goods and Passenger-service Vehicles Between the State, Local Bodies, and Private Individuals or Companies

Table 23—Table Showing the Seating-capacity of Passenger-service Vehicles

Passenger-service Vehicles. District. •31 S 0 O-G II V g a § 2 S 11 m o <V - bo g P C3-S P4 ■§ 3. soM §1 s? x c3 H ; « *3 72 i§ a a ® "3 §£ o S o H Auckland Wellington .. Canterbury .. Otago 564 405 238 148 4 11 108 104 88 52 143 96 79 54 206 136 113 82 241 123 81 92 33 36 28 23 464 441 185 163 377 366 245 119 1 45 41 • 35 20 4,374 3,734 1,845 1,475 6,559 5,482 2,948 2,228 Total .. 1,355 15 352 372 537 537 120 1,253 1,107 141 11,428 17,217

Omnibuses. Service Oars. Service Coaches. Goods Service. Ownership. Number. Per centage. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Private Local body Government 865 210 280 63-8 15-5 20-7 227 i25 64-5 35-5 183 i89 49-2 50-8 11,147 281 97-5 2-5 Total 1,355 100-0 352 100-0 372 100-0 11,428 100-0

Omnibuses. Trolley-buses. Service Coaches. Service Cars. School Buses. Number of Seats. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Up to 15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 2 62 286 233 680 92 0-2 4-6 21 1 17-2 50-1 6-8 is 100-0 23 186 136 27 6-2 50-0 36-5 7-3 303 45 2 2 86-0 12-8 0-6 0-6 80 37 56 54 70 75 57 . 90 7 10 1 14-8 6-9 10-4 10-1 13-1 14-0 10-6 16-8 1-3 1-9 0-1 Total 1,355 100-0 15 100-0 372 100-0 352 100-0 537 100-0

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Table 24—Table Showing the Distribution of Taxis and Rental Cars in Operation According to Horse-power Ratings

Table 25—Table Showing the Gross Carrying-capacity of Licensed Goodsservice Vehicles

Table 26—Table Showing the Distribution of Licensed Goods-service Vehicles According to Axle Types

Group (H.p. in R.A.C. Ratings). Taxi. Rental. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Light: (up to 9-5 h.p.) Medium (over 9-5 to 14-5 h.p.) Heavy (over 14-5 h.p.) 26 1,206 2-1 97-9 615 341 143 56-0 310 130 Total 1,232 100-0 1,099 1000

Heavy Traffic Classification. Gross Weight (Tons). Percentage of Trucks. Heavy Traffic Classification. Gross Weight (Tons). Percentage of Trucks. A 2 -24 1-8 J .. 64-7 10-0 B 24-3 1-7 K .. 7 "-74 8-0 C 3 -3^ 0-9 L .. 74-8 30-7 D 34-4 1-3 M .. 8 -84 5-7 E 4 -44 1-4 N .. 84-9 4-7 E 44-5 1-3 0 .. 9 -94 2-7 G 5 -54 2-6 P .. 94-10 8-4 H 54-6 1-9 Q Over 10 7-9 I 6 -64 8-0

Type of Vehicle. Number. Two-axle 10,497 Three-axle, rigid frame with trailing axle .. 255 " Three-axle, rigid frame, with double axle drive 251 Multi-axle, articulated 159 Trailers .. .. .. .. .. 266 Total 11,428

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Table 27—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Passenger Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal

Table 28—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Relating to Passenger Services Were Dealt With by the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities

Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. Licensing Authority. New Licences. "3 § <D Ph Amendments. I Transfers. Total. Granted. Refused. Withdrawn. 1 ~ Reserved. Adjourned. Total. District— No. 1 . . 83 243 118 22 466 412 34 8 i 11 466 No. 2 .. 65 115 130 48 358 309 18 5 8 18 358 No. 3 .. 25 88 72 5 190 166 10 5 4 5 190 No. 4 36 59 54 22 171 151 4 8 1 7 171 No. 5 5 14 15 1 35 33 1 1 35 Sub-total 214 519 389 98 1,220 1,071 66 27 14 42 1,220 Metropolitan— Auckland 621* 22 27 33 703 702 1 703 Wellington Christchurch 3 6 16 19 17 25 36 25 36 2.5 36 Dunedin 1 1 7 9 9 9 Sub-total 625 45 70 33 773 772 1 773 Total 839 564 459 131 1,993 1,843 67 27 14 42 1,993 * Includes 564 race-meeting licences and 52 early-morning licences issued to taxi operators to run at separate fares.

4 7 H—40 Table 27—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Passenger Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. Licensing Authority. o a "3 § IB « a 1 a < "3 o H •6 1 "8 1 1 1 Ph •6 a 3 _o o District— No. 1 . . No. 2 . . No. 3 . . No. 4 . . No. 5 . . 83 65 25 36 5 243 115 88 59 14 118 130 72 54 15 22 48 5 22 1 466 358 190 171 35 412 309 166 151 33 34 18 10 4 8 5 5 8 1 1 8 4 1 11 18 5 7 1 466 358 190 171 35 Sub-total 214 519 389 98 1,220 1,071 66 27 14 42 1,220 Metropolitan— Auckland Wellington Christchurch Dunedin 621* 3 1 22 6 16 1 27 19 17 7 33 703 25 36 9 702 25 36 9 1 703 25 36 9 Sub-total 625 45 70 33 773 772 1 773 Total 839 564 459 131 1,993 1,843 67 27 14 42 1,993 * Includes 564 race-meeting licences and 52 early-morning licences issued to taxi operators to run at separate fares. Table 28 —Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Relating to Passenger Services Were Dealt With by the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities Decision of Licens ing Authority. Total Number of Applications Considered. New Licences. Renewals. Amendments. Transfers. Total. District— Granted .. Refused .. Withdrawn Reserved .. Adjourned 141 24 16 8 25 518 1 325 35 10 3 16 87 7 1 2 1 1,071 66 27 14 42 Sub-total 214 519 389 98 1,220 Metropolitan— Granted .. Refused .. Withdrawn Adjourned 625 45 69 1 33 772 1 Sub-total 625 45 70 33 773 Total 839 564 459 131 1,993

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Table 29—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Taxicab Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal

Table 30—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Relating to Taxicab Services Were Dealt With by the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities

H—40 48 Table 29 —Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Taxicab Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. Licensing 1 3 a •g Authority. a 2 •6 % ■g a I 3 | s IS a 1 < 3 "5 o H 1 1 5 ■3 i > s B o o District — No. 1 .. 93 238 44 50 425 349 46 18 2 10 425 No. 2 . . 49 124 123 76 372 215 8 21 100 28 372 No. 3 .. 18 64 23 14 119 103 10 3 1 2 119 No. 4 .. 12 o 11 28 53 40 3 6 4 53 No. 5 .. 5 7 12 5 29 25 2 2 29 Sub-total 177 435 213 173 998 732 69 50 103 44 998 Metropolitan— Auckland 391 369 7 28 795 436 359 795 Wellington 3 205 27 235 229 6 235 Christchurch 8 128 16 152 146 6 152 Dunedin 7 54 6 4 71 63 8 71 Sub-total 409 756 13 75 1,253 874 379 1,253 Total 586 1,191 226 248 2,251 1,606 448 50 103 44 2,251 Table 30—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Ai plications Relating to Taxicab Services Were Dealt With BY THE DlSTRI ct and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities Decision of Licensi ng Authority. Total Number of Applications Considered. New Licences. Renewals. Amendments. Transfers. Total. District — Granted .. 73 433 91 135 732 Refused .. 47 2 12 8 69 Withdrawn 27 7 16 50 Reserved .. 2 94 7 103 Adjourned 28 9 7 44 Sub-total .. 177 435 213 173 998 Metropolitan— Granted .. 39 756 10 69 874 ■ Refused .. 370 3 6 379 Withdrawn Adjourned Sub-total 409 756 13 75 1,253 Total .. 586 1,191 226 248 2,251

H—40 48 Table 29—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Taxicab Services Considered by the District and Metropolitan Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. Licensing 1 3 a •g Authority. a 2 •6 % ■g a I 3 | s IS a 1 < 3 "5 o H 1 1 5 ■3 i > s B o o District — No. 1 .. 93 238 44 50 425 349 46 18 2 10 425 No. 2 . . 49 124 123 76 372 215 8 21 100 28 372 No. 3 .. 18 64 23 14 119 103 10 3 1 2 119 No. 4 .. 12 o 11 28 53 40 3 6 4 53 No. 5 .. 5 7 12 5 29 25 2 2 29 Sub-total 177 435 213 173 998 732 69 50 103 44 998 Metropolitan— Auckland 391 369 7 28 795 436 359 795 Wellington 3 205 27 235 229 6 235 Christchurch 8 128 16 152 146 6 152 Dunedin 7 54 6 4 71 63 8 71 Sub-total 409 756 13 75 1,253 874 379 1,253 Total 586 1,191 226 248 2,251 1,606 448 50 103 44 2,251 Table 30—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Ai plications Relating to Taxicab Services Were Dealt With BY THE DlSTRI ct and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities Decision of Licensi ng Authority. Total Number of Applications Considered. New Licences. Renewals. Amendments. Transfers. Total. District — Granted .. 73 433 91 135 732 Refused .. 47 2 12 8 69 Withdrawn 27 7 16 50 Reserved .. 2 94 7 103 Adjourned 28 9 7 44 Sub-total .. 177 435 213 173 998 Metropolitan— Granted .. 39 756 10 69 874 ■ Refused .. 370 3 6 379 Withdrawn Adjourned Sub-total 409 756 13 75 1,253 Total .. 586 1,191 226 248 2,251

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Table 31—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Rental-car Services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal

Table 32 —Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Relating to Rental-car Services Were Dealt With by the Five District Transport Licensing Authorities

Table 33—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Relating to Goods-services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal

49 H—40 Table 31—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Eelating to Kental-car Services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. District Authority. g *3 ! a a a a | 1 i "3 a 1 tlidrawn. served, a o 3 JZj £ •4 H O tH H 23 3 * s o No. 1 19 9 16 ! 1 45 29 8 7 1 45 No. 2 18 10 8 6 42 25 2 o 10 42 No. 3 7 19 6 2 34 26 3 3 1 1 34 No. 4 .. • .. 3 4 4 5 16 12 3 1 16 No. 5 3 1 1 5 4 1 5 Total 50 43 35 14 142 96 16 10 6 14 142 Table 32 —Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Eelating to Eental-car Services Were Dealt With by the Five District Transport Licensing Authorities Total Number of Applications Considered. Decision. New Licences. Renewals. Amendments. Transfers. Total. Granted 22 43 21 10 96 Refused 7 7 2 16 Withdrawn 5 5 10 Reserved ... 2 2 2 6 Adjourned .. .. 14 14 Total 50 43 35 14 142 Table 33 —Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Eelating to Goods-services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. District Authority. § g a « ■a ■g a" 1 <6 <6 g £ 3 | tS ~ a § ■a .a > - 1 s 125 rt H a & P§ i* 3 <! o No.' 1 263 1,505 485 256 2,509 2,258 114 78 10 49 2,509 No. 2 178 464 306 148 1,096 926 38 32 44 56 1,096 No. 3 78 434 214 45 771 674 38 29 13 17 771 No. 4 .. 74 296 226 68 664 600 27 21 2 14 664 No. 5 24 41 29 8 102 83 6 4 1 8 102 Total 617 2,740 1,260 525 5,142 4,541 223 164 70 144 5,142

49 H—40 Table 31—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Eelating to Kental-car Services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. District Authority. g *3 ! a a a a | 1 i "3 a 1 tlidrawn. served, a o 3 JZj £ •4 H O tH H 23 3 * s o No. 1 19 9 16 ! 1 45 29 8 7 1 45 No. 2 18 10 8 6 42 25 2 o 10 42 No. 3 7 19 6 2 34 26 3 3 1 1 34 No. 4 .. • .. 3 4 4 5 16 12 3 1 16 No. 5 3 1 1 5 4 1 5 Total 50 43 35 14 142 96 16 10 6 14 142 Table 32—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which all Applications Eelating to Eental-car Services Were Dealt With by the Five District Transport Licensing Authorities Total Number of Applications Considered. Decision. New Licences. Renewals. Amendments. Transfers. Total. Granted 22 43 21 10 96 Refused 7 7 2 16 Withdrawn 5 5 10 Reserved ... 2 2 2 6 Adjourned .. .. 14 14 Total 50 43 35 14 142 Table 33—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Total Number of Applications Eelating to Goods-services Considered by the District Licensing Authorities and the Manner of Their Disposal Class of Applications Dealt With. Disposal of Applications. District Authority. § g a « ■a ■g a" 1 <6 <6 g £ 3 | tS ~ a § ■a .a > - 1 s 125 rt H a & P§ i* 3 <! o No.' 1 263 1,505 485 256 2,509 2,258 114 78 10 49 2,509 No. 2 178 464 306 148 1,096 926 38 32 44 56 1,096 No. 3 78 434 214 45 771 674 38 29 13 17 771 No. 4 .. 74 296 226 68 664 600 27 21 2 14 664 No. 5 24 41 29 8 102 83 6 4 1 8 102 Total 617 2,740 1,260 525 5,142 4,541 223 164 70 144 5,142

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Table 34—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which All Applications Relating to Goods-services Were Dealt With by the Five District Licensing Authorities

Table 35 —Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Appeals Lodged Against Decisions of the District and Metropolitan Licensing Authorities Have Been Dealt With by the Transport Appeal Authority

Decision. Total Number of Applications Considered. New Licences. Renewals. Amendments.' Transfers. Total. Granted 394 2,723 979 445 4,541 Refused 69 7 132 15 223 Withdrawn 48 2 78 36 164 Reserved 29 22 19 70 Adjourned 77 "*8 49 10 144 Total 617 2,740 1,260 525 5,142

District. On Hand, 31st March, 1948. Lodged During Year. Appeals Withdrawn. Licensing Authorities' Decisions Upheld. Decisions Modified. Decisions Reversed. Referred Back. Under Action, 31st March,. 1949. Goods-services No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 12 is 5 60 14 17 8 1 11 5 19 8 15 3 1 2 1 11 3 13 2 3 7 1 1 1 1 20 2 3 Total 32 100 16 46 17 18 10 25 Passenger-services No. 1 No. 2. No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 Metropolitan .. 15 21 11 2 6 39 6 9 38 1 15 4 4 4 1 3 20 3 8 3 ii 3 1 12 2 1 3 4 6 12 3 32 i 9 6 3 2 *2 Total 55 108 16 45 1 4 22 54 j 22

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Table 36—Table Showing, by Districts, the Types of Licences Obtained by Ex-servicemen During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949

Table 37 —Table Showing the Number of Transport-service Licences Held by Ex-servicemen, and the Total Number of Licences, as at 31st March, 1949

Class of Licence Obtained During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949. District. Passenger. Taxi. Rental. Goods. Total. No. 1 28 58 9 192 287 No. 2 15 60 5 82 162 No. 3 10 32 42 No. 4 .. 4 5 26 35 No. 5 I 2 i 10 14 Auckland Metropolitan 57 57 Wellington Metropolitan 20 20 Christchurch Metropolitan 19 19 Dunedin Metropolitan 1 3 4 1: Total 49 234 15 342 640

Class of Licence. ■ | Passenger. | Taxi. Rental. Goods. j Totals. District. Total. a 1 o > o Total. Ex-servicemen. Total. Ex-servicemen. Total. Ex-servicemen. Total Licences. si 1§ M "E 3 ? 'ercentage Held by :.servicemen. 1 HI j r* No. 1 505 67 465 214 76 22 2,054 968 3,100 1,271 41-00 No. 2 368 65 314 270 61 20 1,446 618 2,189 973 44-45 No. 3 137 11 87 36 30 8 550 239 804 294 36-57 No. 4 181 21 126 78 18 2 664 344 989 445 44-99 No. 5 71 4 35 18 8 5 135 53' 249 80 32-13 Auckland Metro. 25* 1 407 194432 195 45-14 Wellington Metro. .. l Christchurch Metro. 6 19 208 130 157 103 214 149 »157 103 73-36 69-13 Dunedin Metro. 18 1 54 34 72 35 48-61 Total 1,330 170 1,826 1,104 193 57 1 4,849 2,222 8,198 3,553 j 43-34 * Excluding 564 licences authorizing taxis to run to race meetings for separate fares, and 52 licences authorizing taxis to run early-morning services at separate fares granted by the Auckland Metropolitan Licensing Authority.

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Table 38—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Passenger-service Fares Have Been Dealt With by the Licensing Authorities and the Transport Charges Committee

Applications in Respect of— Date. Decision of Licensing Authority or Committee. No. 1 District Kaitaia - Otiria Railway-station Matawaia-Moerewa and Kawakawa .. Ngapipito-Moerewa and Kawakawa . Warkworth - Kaipara Flats Devonport or Bayswater Ferry - Long Bay • Omanaia-Rawene .. Birkenhead-Papuke, Greenhithe, Albany Papatoetoe-Auckland Certain Auckland City routes Auckland-Makakatea, Waiwera, Manly, Cotesville Passenger 1 8/7/48 7/9/48 J 19/7/48 11/10/48 '-services Slight increase in parcels' charges only. Increase in passenger fares. ■ Hours limited for the use of school concession fares. Ditto. 12/11/48 12/11/48 16/2/49* /16/2/49* \ 16/2/49* 16/2 '49* Increase in passenger fares. Hours limited for the use of workers' concession tickets. Ditto. No increase, but time-restriction installed. Slight increase in fares. No. 2 District Mangatera-Dannevirke Palmerston North - Feilding Silverstream-Pinehaven Palmerston North suburban New Plymouth suburban Eastbourne-Wellington Manunui-Taumarunui .. ... Napier, town Observation tours from Napier Masterton-Carterton Palmerston North - Tangimoana Palmerston North - Bulls, Ohakea, Sanson, Martoa Petone - Upper Hutt 20/4/48 24/5/48 4/6/48 10/6/48 10/6/48 15/6/48 1/7/48 8/7/48 8/7/48. 25/8/48 6/9/48 6/9/48 22/3/49* Increase in fares of workers' concession tickets. Workers' concession tickets limited to Monday to Friday. Increase in Sunday passenger fares. Increase in passenger fares. Reduction in single and workers' concession fares and abolition of return fares. Increase in passenger fares. Increase in passenger fares and workers' concession fares. Increase in passenger fares, but reduction in workers' concession fares on one sub-route. Increase in single and return passenger fares. Introduction of workers' concession fares. No. 3 District Staveley-Ashburton Kar amea-Westport Coldstream-Ashburton Timaru Suburban .. .. 11/8/48 17/9/48 19/10/48 20/10/48 Slight increase in passenger fares. Increase in passenger fares. Increase in passenger fares on school bus routeSlight increase in passenger fares. • No. 4 District Oamaru-Georgetown 1/11/48 Increase in passenger fares. No. 5 District Nelson - Kaiteriteri Beach 14/6/48 Slight increase in passenger fares on rural mail service. * Dealt with by Transport Charges Committee.

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Table 39—Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Taxi-cab Fares Have Been Dealt With by the Metropolitan and District Licensing Authorities

Table 40—Table Showing for the Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Rental-car Hiring-charges Have Been Dealt With by the Licensing Authorities

Applications in Respect of— Date. Decision of Licensing Authorities. Greymouth .. .. 11/5/48 Increase in country running fares and for charges in waiting time. Timaru 22/7/48 Increase in fares. Invercargill City 23/7/48 „ Westport 7/9/48 Increase in country running fares and for charges in waiting-time. Temuka 8/10/48 Increase in fares for the carriage of more than " two passengers. Arthur's Pass 13/10/48 Increase in charges for waiting-time.

Applications in Respect of — Date. Decision of Licensing Authorities. Invercargill Timaru Waimate Auckland City 10/5/48 10/5/48 14/9/48 19/10/48 ") Certain firms in these towns have had new schedules of fares prescribed involving an J increase in hiring charges. Increase in hiring charges.

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Table 41 —Table Showing for Year Ended 31st March, 1949, the Manner in Which Applications Relating to Goods-service Charges Have Been Dealt With by the Goods-service Charges Tribunal and the Transport Charges Committee

Contracts : Lands and Survey .. .. .. .. 38 General .. .. .. .. .. 57* 95 Mail contracts .. .. .. .. 49 49 Total .. .. .. .. 144 * Includes two dealt with by Transport Charges Committee.

Applications in Respect of— Date. Decision of Committee or Tribunal. 1 No. 1 District Tauranga County pig-cartage rates .. South Auckland Rates Schedule 3/5/47 29/10/48 Increased charge refused. Slight increase in charges approved. No. 2 District Taranaki Rates Schedule Area Wanganui Rates Schedule Area Marton Rural Mail Services Bulls Rural Mail-service No. 3 District South Canterbury Rates Schedule 2/11/48 5/11/48 15/11/48 22/3/49* 22/3/49* Revision of Schedule. Revision of Schedule. Rate of Bread cartage increased to Price Tribunal rates. Rate of Bread cartage increased to Price Tribunal rate. Revision of Schedule. No. 4 District Certain mail contractors, Invereargill Area North Otago Rates Schedule 10/5/48 16/11/48 Increased charges refused. Revision of Schedule. * Dealt with by Transport Charges Committee.

Table 42—Table Setting Out Details of New Passenger-service Licenses Granted by the Five District Licensing Authorities During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949 Route Route No. 1 District No. 2 District —continued Whangarei to Reponui. Extension of contract trips service from thirty to Within a three-mile radius of Morrinsville Borough fifty miles of Patea Post-office. (Shoppers' service). Extension of contract trips service to sixty-five Nuhaka to Wairoa. miles of PHmmerton. Hautanoa-Tokomaru to Te Puia. Within a thirty-mile radius of Hutt Post-office Patutahi to Gisborne. (contract trips). t> , , . , -rv I, Within a thirty-mile radius of WellingtonPakotai to Dargaville. Palmerston North-Napier to any point in Glen Afton and Pukemiro township to Pukemiro North Island (contract trips). Collieries. Within a sixty-five-mile radius of Wellington Huntly to Te Kauwhata. (contract trips). Kaikohe to Paihia. Within a fifty-mile radius of N orsewood (contract Waipoua to Donnelly's Crossing. trips). Pawarenga to Kaitaia. Within a thirty-five-mile radius of Opunake Papakura Camp to Auckland. (contract trips). Army Garage, Auckland, to Sylvia Park. Within a thirty-five-mile radius of Kaponga mi , , r t (contract trips). Whangaparoa to Manly. 1 - 1 ~ . , T1 !,t> ~ , T i j Within a fifty-mile-radms of Dannevirke for Motutapu Island to Rangitoto Island. race-meetings and -allowed to charge separate Waikato Military Camp to Ngaruawahia. fares. Additional route from Morrinsville to Hamilton. Chateau to Taumarunui (Friday only for guests Alternative route Orewa to Kaukapakapa and staff). Auckland. Within a fifty-mile radius of Karioi (contract Extension of Kaihere-MorrinsviHe service to trips). Ngatea. Chateau-Wanganui. Extension of Hamilton-Karapiro service to Within a fifty-mile radius of Dannevirke for raceCambridge meetings and allowed to charge separate fares. Extension of area covered by Hamilton-Tauwhare Within a fifty-mile radius of Dannevirke (contract service. rips). . r „ TT . . . . Within a fifty-mile radius of Waipawa (contract Extension of Tauranga-Hairmi service. trips) Extension of Auckland-Titirangi service. Within a fifty-mile radius of Inglewood (contract trips). Within a fifty-mile radius of Waitara (contract No. 2 District _ trips). Taumarunui-W ellington. t'S^'r 6 " 111116 Eastb ° Ume Wellington - Nae Nae (rehabilitation Trade * " trainees). Within a thirty-mile radius of Ratana Pa Feilding suburban. (contract trips). Within a thirty-mile radius of Wainui-o-mata Contract trips within Taranaki Province from (contract trips). Waitara or Uriti in the north. Extension of Palmerston North suburban service. Contract trips within Taranaki Province from For the carriage Q f Army personnel and their Okaiawa. families betweenObservation tours of not more than 100 miles Waiouru-Taihape, Ohakune, and Tokaanu. from Palmerston North. (6) Bluff Hill - Napier. Johnsonvilie-Wellington. ( c ) Linton - Palmerston North. Within a fifty-mile radius of Manaia (contract (d) Mako Mako - Pahiatua. trips). (e) Palmer Head - Scots College. Within a fifty-mile radius of Taumarunui gervice for the carriage of Air Force personne l (contract trips). from any Air Force station in No. 2 District Wanganui suburban. to places of entertainment.

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Table 42 —Table Setting Out Details of New Passenger-service Licences Granted by the Five District Licensing Authorities During the Year Ended 31st March, 1949 —continued Route Route No. 3 District No - 4 District Omakau to Kyeburn. Extension of Timaru suburban service. Dunedin to Kaitangata. Extension of Westport-Seddonville service. Cromwell to Invercargill. Ohoka to Kaiapoi Woollen-mills. Alexandra to Clyde (for dances). . . »„ , Kaitangata to Sumner Hills Mines. Chnstchurch to Weedons. ~ .. , T , (Jromweil to Low burn, Ripponvale, and BannockNelson Creek to Greymouth. I burn for dances. Christchurch to Islington (seasonal). ( | Invercargill to Central Otago for week-end tours I (seasonal). Christchurch to Mount Harper (seasonal). | Ohai-Wairio Christchurch to Burnham Camp. Dunback to Palmerston (for pictures). Greymouth to Te Kinga. Extension of Invercargill—Riverton service. Weheka - Fox Glacier, Lake Matheson, Bruce Extension of Tuatapere to Invercargill service. Bay, and Frana Josef Glacier. Purakanui to Waitati (for dances). . _ _ __ , Extension of Oamaru to Fernbrook service. Waiho to Jbranz Josei, Lake Mapourika, Okanto, Bruce Bay, and Fox Glacier. No. 5 District Stockton to open-cast mine. Ngatimoti to Kaiteriteri (seasonal). T . , . ~ . , __ . . Extension of Nelson suburban service, extension Christchurch-ivajapoi service. r ni , . , ~ , Extension or service irom Blenheim to Omaka Extension Kumara to Kumara Junction service. Aerodrome.

Table 43—Table Showing Traffic Data, Operating-expenses, Revenue, and Profit of Passenger Services (Excluding the Four Metropolitan Authorities)

(Totals for Years Ended 31st March.) Item. 1932 (Estimated). 1934. 1936. 1938. 1940. | 1948. Traffic statistics — Vehicle journeys Passengers carried .. Vehicle-miles Operating-expenses— Running-costs Standing charges .. Overhead charges .. 2,560,000 17,000,000 32,000,000 682,000 409.000 149,000 1,878,746 16,548,717 21,920,587 439,105 280,832 90,358 1,704,192 17,949,351 22,029,339 447,118 288,181 96,693 1,901,301 23,276,761 23,509,361 415.976 500,020 113,870 2,294,777 30,589,673 25,981,196 532,124 607,922 147,524 r 3,491,862 69,462,059 42,276,518 1,624,801 1,406,576 386,401 Total, operatingexpenses 1,240,000 810,295 831,892 1,029,866 1,287,570 3,417,778 Index numbers Total gross income Net surplus Net loss 96 £1,200,000 £40,000 63 £848,497 £38,202 65 £929,480 £97,488 80 £1,147,212 £117,346 100 £1,407,078 £119,508 265 £3,793,525 £375.747

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Table 44—Traffic and Financial Data of Licensed Passenger Services: Traffic Data, Operating-expenses, Revenue, and Profit of Passenger-services Licensed under the Transport Licensing Act, 1931 (Including the Four Metropolitan Licensing Authorities) for the Years Ended 31st March, 1940 and 1948

Data. Group 1: Local and Suburban Services (Buses). Group 2 : Centre to Surrounding Districts. Group 3 : Service Cars," Mainly Passenger Revenue (Medium Distances). Group 4 : Firms Deriving Revenue from Different Sources. Group 5 : Service Coaches and Mixed Fleets (Centre to Centre). • 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. 1 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. Traffic Statistics — Vehicle journeys .. ... Passengers carried Average number of passengers per vehicle journey Vehicle-miles .. Operating-expenses — Running-costs Standing charges Overhead charges 898,006 11,680,597 13 3,790,045 68,963 124,868 19,695 709,587 13,031,241 18 4,547,816 155,508 148,612 36,527 399,913 5,455,840 14 6,762,621 131,648 156,774 28,214 833,186 17,997,410 22 9,287,492 324,027 338,538 72,379 48,419 161,072 3 1,503,138 24,275 22,883 5,281 385,599 6,360,858 17 2,298,041 71,446 72,545 10,935 60,875 410,564 7 680,388 11,230 14,644 2,424 59,265 758,484 13 1,172,826 33,940 36,854 2,626 66,761 700,076 11 4,394,856 90,076 87,724 42,195 ■ 72,437 1,308,336 18 5,172,434 210,172 151,809 83,303 Total, costs 213,526 340,647 316,636 734,944 52,439 154,926 28,298 73,420 219,995 445,284 Revenue — Passenger .. t Other cartage Other revenue 375,874 17,823 2,670 769,168 23,186 13,757 136,442 26,622 1,328 52,774 27,399 1,237 528,751 9,424 22,144 Total, revenue 232,180 396,367 350,848 806,111 54,376 164,392 29,339 81,410 255,280 560,319 Net surplus Net loss . . .. " Average fare paid per passenger journey Number of vehicles included 18,654 4-7d. 175 55,720 6 • 9d. 199 34,207 1/1*8d. 356 71,167 10-3d. 419 i 1,937 4/4-9d. 84 9,466 4/3-5d. 103 1,041 62 7,990 1/4*7d. 84 35,285 6/7-0d. 220 115,035 6/5-0d. 185

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Table 44—Traffic and Financial Data of Licensed Passenger Services: Traffic Data, Operating-expenses, Revenue and Profit of Passenger-services Licensed under the Transport Licensing Act, 1931 (Including the Four Metropolitan Licensing Authorities) for the Years Ended 31st March, 1940 and 1948— continued

Data. Group 6 : Services Operated by Local Bodies. Group 7 : Services Operated by New Zealand Railways. Group 8 : Services Licensed by the Four Metropolitan Authorities. Group 9 (1948): No Equivalent in 1940 (School Contracts). Group 4 (1940): No Equivalent in 1948— Service Cars— (Rural Mail Services). I Dominion Total. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1 1948. . 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. Traffic Statistics — Vehicle journeys Passengers carried Average number of passengers per vehicle journey Vehicle miles Operating-expenses — Running-costs "Standing-charges Overhead charges Total, costs Revenue — Passenger Other cartage Other revenue 397,995 5,451,496 14 1,646,849 37,240 47,026 9,381 ' 466,169 7,312,576 16 1,610,616 63,053 72,027 13,683 390,000 6,665,999 17 6,212,286 156,632 138,044 37,898 930,000 21,537,007 23 17,310,402 740,134 557,574 165,334 369,194 5,627,046 15 1,659,281 34,775 60,252 12,890 554,460 11,188,791 20 4,143,104 154,316 198,935 35,619 35,419 1,156,547 33 876,891 26,521 28,617 1,614 32,808 66,029 2 991,013 12,060 15,959 2,436 2,663,971 36,216,719 14 27,640,477 566,899 668, 174 160,414 4,046,122 80,650,850 20 46,419,622 1,779,117 1,605,511 422,020 93,647 148,763 332,574 | 1,463,042 107,917 388,870 56,752 30,455 1,395,487 3,806,648 i 119,027 415 12,881 i 1,388,181 110,474 93,078 325,893 192 4,719 58,133 2,664 73 3,754,248 218,199 151,887 Total, revenue 92,662 132,323 363,899 1,591,733 108,114 330,804 60,870 28,449 1,515,192 4,124,334 Net surplus Net loss Average fare paid per passenger journey Number of vehicles included 985 4-Id. 73 16,440 3-9d. 78 31,325 1/1- Id. 269 128,691 1/5-7d. 773 197 4-6d. 83 (estimated) 58,066 7-0d. 195 4,118 1/1-2d. 77 i *956 2/2-2d. 58 119,705 10-0d. 1,380 317,681 11-2d. 2,113

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Table 45—Table Showing Average Operating-expenses and Revenue Per Vehicle-mile, of Licensed Passenger Services for the Two Years Ended 31st March, 1940 and 1948, Inclusive, of Licences Issued by the Four Metropolitan Licensing Authorities

Group 1: Local and Suburban Services (Buses). Group 2 : Centre to Surrounding Districts. Group 3 : Service Cars, Mainly Passenger Revenue (Medium Distances). Group 4 : Finns Deriving Revenue From Different Sources. Group 5 : Service Coaches and Mixed Fleets (Centre to Centre). 1940. j 1948. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. Operating-expenses — Running-costs Standing charges Overhead charges Total, costs . . Revenue — Passenger revenue Other cartage Other revenue Total, revenue Net surplus Net loss Mileage Number of vehicles included — 4-37 7-90 1-2.5 8-21 7-84 1-93 4-67 5-57 1-00 8-37 8-74 1-88 3-88 3 • 65 0-84 7-46 7-58 1-14 3-96 5-16 0-86 6-95 7-54 0-53 4-92 4-79 2-30 9-75 7-04 3-87 13-52 17-98 11-24 18-99 8'37 16-18 9-98 15-02 12-01 20-66 19-84 0-94 0-14 ! 19-88 0-60 0-35 14-25 2-78 0-14 10 '80 5-61 0-25 24-53 0-44 1-03 14-70 20-92 12-45 20-83 8-68 17-17 10-35 16'66 13-94 26-00 1-18 3,790 j045 1 175 2-94 4,547 |816 199 1-21 6,762 j621 356 1-84 9,287, 492 419 0-31 1,503 j138 84 1 0-99 103 0-37 680 i388 62 1 ■ 64 84 1-93 4,394 j 856 220 5-34 5,172,' 434 185 *

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Group 6: Services 068 9 Operated by New Zealand Meh-orfolitan (1948) : No Group 4 Dominion Total. Local Bodies. lililwavs Authorities Equivalent (1940) : No — llauways. Authorities. in mo Equivalent (School in 1948. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. 1940. 1948. Contracts). 1940 194g i r i Operating-expenses — Running-costs .. .. .. 5-43 9-39 | 6-05 10-25 5-03 8-94 7-26 2-92 4-92 9-20 Standing charges .. .. 6-85 10 -73 5-33 7-73 . 8-72 11-52 7-8'3 3-86 ! 5-80 8-30 Overhead charges .. .. 1-37 J 2-04 1-47 2-30 1-86 2-06 0-44 0-59 j 1-40 2-18 Total, costs .. .. 13-65 22-16 12-85 20-28 15-61 22-52 15-.53 7-37 12-12 19-68 Revenue — Passenger revenue .. .. .. 17-74 ... 19-24 .. 18-88 15-91 .. .. 19-41 Other cartage .. .. .. .. 0-06 .. 1-53 .. 0-01 0-73 .. .. 1-13 Other revenue .. .. .. .. 1-92 .. 1-29 .. 0-27 0-02 .. .. 0-79 Total, revenue 13-50 19-72 14-06 22-06 15-64 19-16 16-66 6-90 13-16 21-33 Net surplus .. .. .. .. .. 1-21 1-78 0-03 .. 1-13 .. 1-04 1-65 Net loss .. .. .. .. 0-15 2-44 .. .. .. 3-36 0-47 Mileage .. .. .. .1,646,849 1,610,616 6,212,286 17,310,402 1,659,281 4,143,104 876,891 991,013 27,640,477 46,419,622 Number of vehicles included .. 78 78 269 773 83 195 77 58 1,380 2,113 (estimated)

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Table 46—Table Showing the Total Amounts Involved in Cost, Revenue, and Profit by Licensed Passenger Operators in 1948 by Groups, in Pence Per Mile

Item. Group 1. Group 2. Group 3. Group 4. Group 5. Group 6. Group 7. 1 1 Group 8. Group 9. 1 Dominion. Operating-expenses Running-costs — Petrol Oil Tires . . . . . . ... Repairs and maintenance 3-38 0-23 *0-88 3-72 | 3-49 0-23 1-31 3-34 3-49 0-25 1-38 2-34 3-21 0-24 1-34 2-16 i 3-60 0-23 1-93 3-99 3-23 0-30 1-45 4-41 3-87 0-20 1-85 4-33 2-90 0-30 1-35 4-39 1 3-34 0-23 1-13 ' 2-56 3-56 0-23 1 • 55 3-86 Total, running-costs 8-21 8-37 7-46 6-95 9-75 9-39 10-25 8-94 7-26 9-20 Standing Charges — Licences and insurance Wages, drawings in lieu Garage rent Bus hire Depreciation 0-92 5-52 0-10 0-01 1-29 0-97 6-10 0-14 0-02 1-51 0-80 4-67 0-18 0-29 1-64.. 0-97 4-79 0-23 0-14 1-41 0-74 3-85 0-11 0-78 1-56 1-25 6-69 0-20 0-01 2-58 0-55 4-62 0-31 0-40 1-85 1-29 7-62 0-15 0-16 2-30 0-99 5-07 0-26 0-04 1-47 0-81 5-28 0-20 0-28 1-73 Total, standing charges 7-84. 8-74 7-58 7 • 54 7-04 10-73 7-73 11-52 7-83 8-30 Overhead — Management Office expenses Other expenses 0-76 0' 60 0-57 0-60 0-44 0-84 0-15 0-.18 0-81 '6-28 0-25 1-21 1-61 1-05 0-47 0-97 0-60 0-36 1-83 0-11 0-45 1-06 0-55 0-05 0-12 0-27 0-53 1-15 0-50 Total, overhead 1-93 1-88 1-14 0-53 3-87 2-04 2-30 2-06 0-44 2-18 Total, operating expenses .. 17-98 18-99 16-18 15-02 20-66 22-16 20-28 : 22-52 15-53 19-68 Revenue Passenger revenue Other cartage Other revenue 19-84 0-94 0-14 19-88 0-60 0-35 14-25 2-78 0-14 10-80 5-61 0-25 24-53 0-44 1-03 17-74 0-06 1-92 19-24 1-53 1-29 18-88 0-01 0-27 15-91 0-73 0-02 19-41 1-13 0-79 Total, revenue 20-92 20-83 17-17 16-66 26-00 19-72 22-06 19-16 16-66 21-33 Net surplus Net loss Vehicle-mileage Number of vehicles included 2-94 4,547 j 816 199 1-84 9,287 492 419 0-99 2,298 j041 103 1-64 1,172 j826 84 5 • 34 5,172! 434 185 '•2-44 1,610,616 1 1-78 17,310 j402 773 '3-36 4,143,104 195 1-13 87 6 j 891 77 0-65 46,419 j 622 2,113

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Table 47—Table of Information Relating to Capital Invested, Age, and Cost of Vehicles in Use in the Passenger Service Industry

Item. Group 1. Group 2. Group 3. Group 4. Group 5. Group 6. Group 7. Group 8. Group e. D xotal° n Outside liabilities .. .. 131,152 299,933 41,959 20,575 356,144 77,579 .. 275 422 21 663 1 230 427 Total capital .. .. .. 401,939 750,677 142,936 85,897 626,048 187,091 17,927 3 210'271 62'274 5'485 06f> Percentage of outside liabilities to total 32-6 39-9 34-1 30-9 56-9 41-5 8-6 34-8 ' 994 capital Cost of vehicles — i-lcTyears old !! " } 247,375' 601,401 112,179 68,112 384,377 54,878 1,097,853 397,284 45,659 3,009,208 Over 10 years old .. .. 62,839 115,012 10,948 1,150 22,696 25,420 188,096 82,028 4,831 513,020 Total, C03t .. .. 310,214 716,503 123,127 69,262 407,073 80,298 1,285,949 479,312 50,490 3,522,228 Number in each group — 3 years old 67 130 46 39 79 32 289 76 29 787 3-10 years old .. . . . . 82 204 43 42 82 30 344 78 38 943 Over 10 years old .. .. 50 85 14 3 24 16 140 41 10 383 Total .. 199 419 103 84 185 78 773 195 77 2,113 Average seating-capacity of vehicles 34-seater 33-seater *16-seater 25-seater 33-seater 33-seater 33-seater 33-seater 33-seater 33-seater (model average) * Estimated

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Table 48 —Table Showing Dominion Average Operating-costs, Revenue, and Profit Per Cab and Per Cab-mile Based on a Sample of Single-shift Taxi Operators

Item. Pence Per Cab-mile. Per Cab. Running-costs— Petrol and oil Tires Repairs— Ordinary Due to accident Standing Charges— Licence fees and insurance Garaging Depreciation Levy paid to companies Other expenses 2-21 0-58 1-25 0-02 0-42 0-09 0-99 0-32 0-21 £ 241 63 136 2 46 10 108 35 23 Total (5-09 664 Revenue--Taxi Other 11-46 1,259 11-46 1,250 Profit and wages Profit and wages (including value of car to owner for his private rise) Average mileage Average cost-price of vehicles 5-37 5-92 26,175 586 616 646

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Table 49 —Table Setting Out Traffic and Financial Statistics for a Sample of Full-time Rental-car Operators Throughout the Dominion

Approximate Cost of Paper.—Preparation, not given ; printing (1,269 copies), £245.

By Authority: R. E. Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.—l 949. Price Is. 3d.]

Average Per Car. Item. Pence Per Mile. Based on the Number of Cars Fully Used for a Year. Based on the Number of Cars in Use at the End of the Financial Year. Petrol and oil .. .. .. Tires .. .. .. .. Repairs Licence fees and insurance Wages and drawings in lieu of wages Garage fees Depreciation Other expenses 0-10 0-40 1-21 0-33 1-47 0-14 1-91 0-49 6 24 73 20 89 9 116 30 5 18 54 15 66 6 86 22 Total, cost .. .. 6-05 367 272 Revenue— Rental Other 7-28 0-14 441 9 w t>S O <1 Total, revenue 7-42 450 333 Profit 1-37 83 61 Mileage Average cost of vehicles— Overall average 3 years old or under Over 3 years old Percentage of vehicles 3 years old or under Percentage of vehicles over 3 years old 14,553 30,797 £469 £476 £376 93% 7%

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TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT (ANNUAL REPORT OF), Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1949 Session I, H-40

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TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT (ANNUAL REPORT OF) Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1949 Session I, H-40

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