EDUCATION: STATE CARE OF CHILDREN, SPECIAL SCHOOLS, AND INFANT-LIFE PROTECTION. [In continuation of E.-4, 1922.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1923 Session I-II, E-04

E.-4

Session 11. 1923. NEW ZEALAND

EDUCATION: STATE CARE OF CHILDREN, SPECIAL SCHOOLS, AND INFANT-LIFE PROTECTION. [In continuation of E.-4, 1922.]

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

No. 1. —EXTRACT FROM THE FORTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION. State Care of Dependent and Delinquent Children and Infant-lice Protection. The Special Schools Branch of the Education Department provides (1) for the maintenance, training, and general upbringing of neglected and homeless and orphan children committed by Courts to the care of the State, for the training of delinquent children and juvenile offenders, for the supervision of all young persons (male and female) placed on temporary probation by the Courts ; (2) for the supervision of all infants under the age of six years maintained apart from their parents or adopted with premium, for the general supervision of children for whose upkeep pensions are paid under the widows' pensions scheme, and for the investigation of applications for the adoption of children ; and (3) for the education and maintenance of all afflictedf children —deaf, blind, feeble-minded, and for children with defective speech. The total number of children in the care of the State in 1922 was 5,182, classed under the following headings : — Boarded out, industrial schools, receiving-homes, &c. .. .. .. 3,798 Juvenile probation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 277 Infant-life protection .. .. .. .. .. .. 742 Deaf children .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 135 Feeble-minded children .. .. .. .. .. .. 230 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. ..5,182 The number of children committed to the care of the State during the year was 410 ; classified according to reason for committal as follows : Destitution, 163 ; vagrancy, 8 ; associating with disreputable persons, 16 ; not under proper control, 136 ; uncontrollable (complaint by parents), 9 ; transferred from gaol, 15 ; accused or guilty of punishable offences, 54 ; and, in addition, 9 were admitted by private arrangement.

I—E. 4.

E.—4

2

Classified according to age at the time of admission the numbers are as follows : Under six months, 49 ; over six months and under one year, 23 ; from one to five years, 83 ; from five to ten years, 100 ; from ten to fourteen years, 94 ; and over fourteen years, 61. Numbers under Control. At the end of the year there were 3,798 children under control (excluding those mentioned under separate headings below), and of these 153 were in residence at Government receiving-homes, probation homes, training-farms, and training institutions, and 153 in private industrial schools ; 1,969 children were boarded out in foster-homes, 780 were in situations, and 464 residing under license with relatives and friends. The remainder were in various homes or institutions. Of the boarded-out children 48 are over the age of fourteen years and are still attending primary schools, 30 are receiving higher education (5 technical and 25 secondary), and a number are apprentices partly maintained by the State. The children over school age in employment number 610 males and 378 females (included in the total of 3,798). Of the males 468 are farm workers (124 skilled in dairy-work and cheesemaking and 344 competent to milk and carry out general farm-work), 49 are apprentices, and 93 others are employed in various' trades. Of the girls there are ,333 domestic workers, 9 apprentices, 23 factory employees, and 13 engaged in various employments such as shop-assistants, nurses, dressmakers, typists, &c. Juvenile Probation System. The functions of Juvenile Probation Officers are to assist the Courts in ascertaining the full facts regarding parents, conditions of homes, and environment of all children brought under the notice of the police, to supervise and befriend any juveniles placed on probation by the" various Magistrates, and to undertake, on the application of the parents, the supervision of any children who are inclined to become uncontrollable. In addition, all male inmates of industrial schools or training-farms placed in situations, or with relatives or friends, are supervised by the Juvenile Probation Officers. There were 1,080 cases dealt with by the Courts in the principal centres of population throughout the year, and of these only 338 were actually admitted to receiving-homes or training institutions, 265 were placed on probation and supervised in their own homes, and the remainder were dealt with generally in a summary manner not calling for supervision by Probation Officers. Infant-life Protection and Adoption of Children. At the end of the year there were 742 children being maintained in 601 licensed foster-homes. Of these, 497 homes each had one child, 72 had two children each, and 27 homes had three each. The payments made by parents or guardians for the maintenance of each child ranged from ss. to £3 a week, but the average rate of payment was approximately 14s. 6d. a week. Adoptions. During the year 349 children were adopted, and in 44 of these cases premiums were received by the Department's agents and paid out at the rate of 15s. a week for each child concerned. Of the total number of children adopted, 76 were under the age of six months, 34 between the age of six and twelve months, and 144 between the age of one and six years. Care and Training of Afflicted Children. School for the Deaf, Sumner. The pupils under instruction during the year numbered 135, and of these 38 were day pupils and 97 boarders. In 1920 special day classes for partially deaf children and for stammerers were established in Auckland, Wellington, and Dunedin, and have been continued with highly successful results. About 240 children attended the classes last year. Provision has also been made in these centres and in Christchurch for night classes for the instruction of the adult deaf, 97 persons afflicted in this manner attending the classes in 1922.

E.—4.

Special Schools for the Feeble-minded. There are two such special schools—one at Richmond for girls, and one at Otekaike, near Oamaru, for boys. The number of girls in residence at Richmond at the end of the year was 65, and the number of boys at Otekaike 165. Expenditure. The total net expenditure by the Department for the year 1922-23 on the above services was as follows : — £ School for the deaf .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,423 Education for the blind .. .. .. .. .. .. 90 Schools for the feeble-minded .. .. .. .. .. 8,263 Industrial schools, receiving-homes, probation system, boarding-out-system, &o. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 94,502 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. £109,278

No. 2. —REPORT OF THE OFFICER IN CHARGE, INDUSTRIAL AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS BRANCH (INCLUDING AFFLICTED CHILDREN AND INFANT-LIFE PROTECTION). Sir, — Education Department, 21st June, 1923. I have the honour to submit the following report on the work of the Industrial and Special Schools Branch for last year : — The Branch carries out the following phases of social-welfare work : — (1.) Maintenance, supervision, and training of all destitute, dependent, and delinquent children committed to the care of the State. (2.) Supervision of children and juvenile offenders placed on probation by the Courts. (3.) Supervision of all infants under six years of age maintained for payment apart from their parents or guardians. (4.) Supervision of children in cases where widows' pensions are paid by the State. (5.) Education and training of afflicted children over the age of six years. The definition " afflicted " includes deaf, blind, or improvable feeble-minded children, and children partially deaf or suffering from defective speech, and stammerers. The following figures show the number of children dealt with under the foregoing headings Nos. (1), (2), (3), and (5) :— Industrial schools, receiving-homes, and probation homes .. .. 3.798 Juvenile probation . . .. .. .. .. .. .. 277 Infant-life protection .. .. .. .. .. .. 742 Afflicted children— Deaf .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 135 Eeeble-minded .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 230 5,182 Boarding-out System. The majority of the children committed to the care of the State are not detained in institutions, but are boarded out in foster-homes situated mainly in suburban areas and in districts in close proximity to the smaller centres of population. At the end of the year there were 1,969 children boarded out —1,914 from Government receiving-homes and 55 from private industrial schools (Roman Catholic). Arranged according to the ages of the children the numbers at 81st March, 1923, are as follows : Under five years, 360 ; from five to ten years, 721 ; from ten to twelve years, 342 ; from twelve to thirteen years, 185; from thirteen to fourteen years, 180; and over fourteen years, 71. These numbers include nearly 400 epidemic orphans of all ages, who are placed mainly with relatives. It is pleasing to note that the authorities of private industrial schools (especially St. Mary's, Auckland) have adopted the boarding-out system to a limited extent for the purpose of providing for the children belonging to these schools. The rate paid to the foster-parents for the maintenance of each child is 15s. a week, but for infants under twelve months 17s. 6d. a week is paid. Each child is provided with a very complete initial outfit, the foster-parents being required to maintain the clothing at this standard. Medical attendance, medicines, and dentistry are provided by the Department, as also are school-books and school stationery. Upon Boarding-out Officers and Managers of Receiving-homes rests the responsibility of selecting proper homes and of supervising the inmates in these homes. No hard-and-fast rules can be laid down as to the type of home to be selected, or the number of times a home should be visited, or the methods of supervision. Much depends upon the personality, ability, and intuition of the officer concerned.' Frequent visiting is advocated in the interests of the children, and as a general rule this is carried out; but the Department arranges a further safeguard by obtaining

3

E.—4

confidential reports every quarter from the headmasters or class-teachers of the schools which the children attend. Wherever possible, arrangements are also made for local honorary Lady Visitors to visit the foster-homes monthly, or oftenor if necessary, and generally keep a friendly eye on the children concerned. For certain types of dependent children there is no question that the boarding-out system is superior to all other systems of dealing with them. The fact that under the boarding-out system children have the opportunity of growing up as ordinary members of the community under decent conditions is in itself sufficient to commend the system apart from any other consideration in its favour. Associated with boarding out, it is essential that there should be cottage homes where a preliminary training in correct habits and discipline may be carried out. This is provided for in the receivinghomes for children and older girls, and in probation homes for boys. As these homes are of limited capacity, the period for which any one child is kept in residence is necessarily limited, but further provision is made at the Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa, and at the Caversham Industrial- School for the accommodation for periods up to twelve months (or longer if necessary) of boys and girls respectively who after a trial at board fail to do well. Juvenile Probation System. The results obtained during the past six years have proved beyond doubt the efficacy of probation under proper supervision as a means of reforming the large number of boys and youths who, on account of the lack of proper homo conditions, would, but for the intervention of the Department, drift into a career of crime and general lawlessness. • To be successful as a Probation Officer a man must have exceptional qualifications : he must possess initiative, be sympathetic though firm, and must at all times be prepared to devote the whole of his time to his work. For the man who carries out his duty properly there can be no fixed hours —ho must be prepared to respond at all times to any call for assistance or advice. Probably the most important part of a Probation Officer's work lies in home-visiting, and in many cases he is called upon to insist on reforms on the part of the parents and in the home conditions as a necessary aid in the reformation of the boy. The numbers dealt with by the Juvenile Probation Officers in the main centres during last year totalled 1,080, and were dealt with as shown in the following table: —

Assisted Service, Higher Service, and Employment of State Children over School Age. An important part of the work carried out by Managers of Institutions, Boarding-out Officers, and Juvenile Probation Officers is the placing of State children in suitable avenues of employment. On the care and discrimination exercised by these officers in this work depends the future of the children, and also the question whether, when they reach the adult stage, these young charges will become assets or liabilities to the State. The Department is fully alive to the importance of this particular phase of the work, and, as a matter of fact, reviews the action taken in each individual case. As a general rule these young people are encouraged to take up rural occupations, as experience has shown that for the majority of lads who are taken from the crowded city areas life in the country offers the best chance of permanent reformation. There is a considerable number, of course, who are eminently suitable for trades and similar occupations, and for these the Department finds suitable openings. In the case of the latter considerable difficulty is experienced in boarding them in suitable homes ; probably this difficulty could be got over to a certain extent by utilizing part of the accommodation at each receiving-home and probation home for the purpose of housing these young people in the early stages of apprenticeship at least. At the end of 1922 there were 36 inmates at service receiving assistance (assisted service in most cases refers to apprenticeship). There were 30 children receiving higher education —25 secondary and 5 technical. In addition, there were 48 children over the age of fourteen years still attending the public schools and being maintained by the Department.

4

District. ID o o § t3 a c3 T3 O ll d o I (H Ph >> M 2 o & I a 8 05 * •7313 t3 a> a> en <y += be '3 bo on s h 8° |° a o I -a a 0 o p g a 2 u a oS © a -V 7/1 <fl 'IS 111 s H „« 51J : i ft S Q. O a o S 5 **■ 1 <■»! H a«i j* cS *S •s *s « ■s £ o o •s B a 5 rrt U u O 2p< ■rl T3 » a aj 0J O Q i I m 3 t) -4-3 • P l 5 c3 i=l CO CO *ti 3d =1 5 rrj 35 1 m 5 T5 o H North Auokland Auckland South Auckland Wanganui Hawke's Bay .. Palmerston North Wellington Nelson West Coast North Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland 12 .11 22 7 46 11) 50 5 4 -It 25 32 31 3 50 16 7 17 8 24 1 8 44 9 50 27 4 5 o 8 72 24 12 4 4 47 2 24 23 8 29 12 1 6 1 3 4 r 2 6 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 2 i '4 7 4 1 6 i 5 2 6 3 1 4 1 2 4 6 1 1 1 3 5 31 199 76 29 85 55 161 11 51 133 51 133 65 1 3 1 1 i 11 10 1 7 3 4 3 1 1 '2 1 1 i 3 i 1 1 i 7 2 '2 2 i Totals .. I 1 204 19 269 34 50 9 23 13 5 1 21 1 21 5 7 1,080 337

5

E.—4

Nature of Employment at 31st December, 1922, of Boys having left School, placed at Service, or residing with their Friends on Probation. At the end of the year there were 468 farm workers —124 skilled in farm-work, dairy-work, and cheesemaking, and 344 others competent to carry out general farm-work. There were 49 boys apprenticed as follows: 8 cabinetmakers, 6 bootmakers, 3 electrical engineers, 3 coachbuilders, 3 printers and bookbinders, 2 plasterers, 2 ironmoulders, 2 butchers, 2 woollen-mill employees, 2 boilermakers, 2 carpenters, 1 jockey, I baker, I basketmaker, 1 hairdresser, 1 painter, 1 cycle-worker, 1 draper, 1 french-polisher, 1 motor mechanic, 1 tinsmith, 1 plumber, 1 brickworks employee, 1 boatbuildcr, and 1 seaman. Boys otherwise employed (not apprenticed) totalled 93, as follows: 19 labourers, 19 factory hands, 12 shop-assistants, 7 clerks, 4 seamen, 4 painters, 3 drivers, 3 telegraph messengers, 2 dairy-factory employees, 2 gardeners, 2 bakers, 2 plumbers, 2 bricklayers, 2 miners, 1 bushman, 1 printer and bookbinder, I cabinetmaker, 1 surveyor's assistant, 1 electrical engineer, 1 assayer at school of mines, 1 coppersmith, 1 railway employee, 1 chemist's assistant, and 1 butcher. Total number of boys employed was therefore 610 (468 farm-workers, 49 apprentices, and 93 others). Nature of Employment at 31st December, 1922, of Girls having left School, placed at Service, 'or residing with their Friends on Probation. There were 333 domestics, 9 apprentices (5 dressmakers, 2 tailoresses, 1 milliner, and 1 bookbinder), 23 factory employees, and 13 in other employment as follows : 3 dressmakers, 2 dentists' assistants, 2 shop-assistants, 2 clerks, 1 waitress, 1 nurse, 1 typist, and I tailoress. This gives a total of 378 girls employed (333 domestics, 9 apprentices, 23 factory employees, and 13 others). Admissions during 1922. During the year 410 children were committed to the care of the Department (400 to Government schools and 10 to private industrial schools), as compared with 528 for the previous year. The following table shows the new admissions classified according to age : — Boys. Girls. Total. Under six months .. .. .. .. ..27 22 49 Over six months and under one year .. .. 10 13 23 One year to five years .. .. .. .. 52 31 83 Five years to ten years .. .. .. .. 66 34 100 Ten years to fourteen years .. .. .. 65 29 94 Over fourteen years .. .. .. .. 45 16 61 Totals .. .. .. .. ..265 145 410 Table I 4 attached to this report shows the new admissions classified according to the causes of admission. Of the total number (410), 163 were destitute, 136 not under proper control, and 54 had been charged with punishable offences. Of the children admitted under these headings, all except 46 were placed out in foster-homes before the end of the year. Table 17 gives particulars of the character or state of the parents at the time of the admission of the children. From this table I have selected the following figures showing (1) the number of children of drunken parents, and (2) the number of children of feeble-minded parents. Admission of Children during 1922 on account of the Drinking Habits of one or both Parents. Drunken mother .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 Drunken father .. .. .. .. .. .. 47 Both parents drunkards .. .. .. .. ..11 65 Admission of Children during 1922 on account of Mental Deficiency of one or both Parents. Mentally deficient mother .. .. .. .. .. 35 Mentally deficient father .. .. .. .. .. 3 Both parents defective mentally .. .. .. .. .... 38 The following figures show the number of committals to industrial schools for the past twelve years : 1911, 389 ; 1912, 405 ; 1913, 328 ; 1914, 405 : average for four years before the war, 382. 1915, 453; 1916, 436; 1917, 358; 1918, 381; 1919, 864; 1920, 535; 1921, 528; 1922, 410: average for eight years after the commencement of the war, 496 (excluding epidemic orphans, the average is 458).

Schools for the Feeble-minded. Numbers at 31st December, 1922.

Richmond. (Girls.) Otekaike. (Boys.) Total. In residence On vacation At service In hospital In probation homes 52 11 2 144 14 4 1 2 196 25 6 1 2 Totals 65 165 230

E.—4

6

Particulars of Expenditure for the Year 1922-23.

i The net expenditure for the year 1921-22 was £11,189. I have, &c, J. Buck, The Director of Education, Wellington. Officer in Charge, Special Schools Branch.

No. 3.—SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF, SUMNER. REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR (ABRIDGED). Sir, — I have the honour to lay before you my report for the year 1922. The number of pupils under instruction during the year is shown in the following tabulated statement : — Boys. Girls. Total. Pupils of 1921 who returned to the school .. .. .. 47 52 99 Admitted during 1922 .. .. .. .. .. 21 15 36 Under instruction during the year .. .. .. .. 68 67 135 Left during the year .. .. .. .. ..21 19 40 Expected to return in 1923.. .. .. .. ..47 48 95 Of the 135 pupils under instruction, 38 attended as day pupils and 97 as boarders at the school. The pupils may be classified as under : — Boys. Girls. Total. Deaf children (including one adult) .. .. .. ..53 54 107 Lip-reading pupils (adults —part-time pupils) .. .. 4 9 13 Children with defective articulation .. .. .. .. 6 1 7 Stammerers (part-time pupils) .. .. .. .. 5 2 7 Feeble-minded (on trial) .. .. .. .. ..0 1 1 Totals .. .. .. .. ..68 67 135 < Of the 40 pupils who left during the year, 10 were adult deaf persons who had been receiving training in lip-reading ; 8 were children with defective articulation who were returned to various public schools speaking normally, their defective speech having been corrected ; 1 was discharged as being feeble-minded and with normal hearing, though sent to the school as deaf ; 6 were stammerers ; and the remaining 15 were deaf children, of whom 12 had completed their education and 4 were transferred to special day classes in other centres. These classes are carried on at Auckland, Wellington, and Dunedin, and are staffed by teachers from Sumner. They are attended by partially deaf children who are unable to profit by the instruction given at public schools, and whom it would otherwise be necessary to send to Sumner ; by children who have lost their hearing after having learned to speak, and whose education must be completed by means of lip-reading ; and also by children who stammer or have other defects of speech. Most of the latter attend as part-time pupils. As yet no special class for the correction of speech-defects has been instituted in Christchurch, but it is to be hoped that one will be inaugurated in the near future, as there are many children in and around Christchurch having speech-defects that cannot be readily corrected at a public school. A comparatively small number of these has been treated at Sumner, but the greater number of them cannot spare the time to go to Sumner, though they could attend a class centrally situated. In connection with each of these special classes there is an evening class for the adult deaf, who are given free instruction in lip-reading. A similar class, conducted voluntarily by two teachers of this school, was started in Christchurch last October, and has been attended by fifty deaf persons in

Stoke. Otekaike. I Richmond. Total. Salaries Advertising Maintenance of buildings .. Maintenance of institutions Additional buildings £ 3 £ 4,397 10 Gr. 55 3,294 70 £ 1,728 7 778 786 39 £ 6,128 17 723 4,081 Or. 58 Gr. 1 167 Travelling-expenses Or. 163 7,716 3,338 10,891 359 Less recoveries 11,250 2,988 Net cost to Department £8,262

7

E.-4

need of training in lip-reading. The great majority of these have been women, but there is no doubt that there is at least an equal number of men who would benefit by the instruction given. From the attendance at the Christchurch class I should estimate that in each of the four centres there are a hundred deafened persons who ought to acquire a knowledge of the art of lip-reading. Some of the lip-readers attending these classes are very enthusiastic, and in those cities where the classes have been long established have formed themselves into clubs, meeting regularly for practice. Regular practice is the main factor in learning lip-reading. As this will be the last opportunity I shall have of making an annual report on the working of the school, it will not be out of place, I think, for me to stress certain points that should not be overlooked in connection with the work. First, the school should not be allowed to grow any bigger than it now is. It is, in point of fact, too large now. The main object of the education of the deaf —an object that should never be lost sight of —is to make them as much like normal hearing people as possible. This cannot be done in large residential institutions, no matter how well staffed they may be. In my opinion, as I have frequently pointed out, sixty pupils, or seventy at the outside, are the most that any one residential institution should contain. It is in small institutions that the best results are to be found. The number of pupils at Sumner has been reduced to some extent by the establishment of the special day classes in the other centres, and by the policy of encouraging all pupils who can do so to attend as day pupils ; but a further reduction in size is still necessary, and this can be best achieved by the establishment of a small separate school for young deaf children. This should be planned to accommodate a maximum of thirty children, aged from four, or even younger, upwards. It should, if possible, be situated within a moderate distance of the main school, so that the Director might be able to visit it as often as desirable. These young children, however, should at all times be entirely separated from those attending the main school. By the establishment of such a school, the tendency always existing on the part of the older children to use signs to those with little knowledge of speech would be greatly minimized. Later on it will be necessary, as population grows, to establish separate schools for the deaf in other parts of the Dominion. The basic principle of keeping these schools reasonably small should never be lost sight of. The day-school principle should be extended wherever possible, and every improvement in means of communication that will enable pupils to reside in their own houses should be taken advantage of to the fullest possible extent. If the deaf are to grow up like the normal they must associate to the fullest possible extent with the normal. They must not be crowded together in institutions, where the tendency is for them to develop the idiosyncrasies of the deaf, and thereby to be less fitted to take their places in the hearing and speaking world. During the year the Director was consulted by quite a number of parents with regard to their children being treated by faith-healers, self-styled specialists, or chiropractors, with a view to the restoration of the hearing of the children. The advice given in all cases was that if a properly qualified aural surgeon could do nothing to improve the hearing of the child it would be a waste of time and money to go elsewhere for treatment. The advice of Dr. Kerr Love, the eminent Glasgow aurist, a man who has probably had more experience than any one else in the world in the examination and medical treatment of deaf children, is well worth quoting again in this connection. He says, " If your child has been born deaf, or if illness has caused loss of hearing and speech, the hearing will never return. The exceptions to this statement are so few as to be not worth considering in thinking of the future of your child. The only thing to be done is to educate him." In this, my last year of office, I wish to thank the members of the teaching staff of the school and of the domestic staff for the loyal and efficient services they have rendered, not only during this last year but previously. It is only those who work among the afflicted who know the calls that the work makes upon those engaged in it and the amount of self-sacrificing devotion that it entails. The only adequate reward for it is in the work itself, and this those engaged in the work reap fully. In leaving the school I am glad to think that the standard we have set ourselves is a high, one, and I believe I am leaving the future carrying-on of the work in the hands of whole-hearted men and women who will maintain that standard. I can say no more. I have, &c, J. E. Stevens, The Director of Education, Wellington. Director, School for the Deaf. EXPENDITURE ON THE SCHOOL FOE THE DEAE, 1922-23. £ Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5,355 Advertising, &c. .. .. .. . . .. .. 84 Maintenance of pupils and sundry expenses .. .. .. 2,181 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. .. .. .. 211 Maintenance of buildings, furnishing, &c. .. .. .. 513 8,344 Less parental contributions and amount received from Hospital and Charitable Aid Boards .. .. .. .. .. 1,846 Income from investments .. . . .. .. .. 55 Sales of farm-produce .. .. .. .. .. 20 1,921 Not expenditure; .. .. .. £6,4:23 The net expenditure for the year 1921-22 was £6,034.

E.—4

8

No. 4.—STATISTICS: INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL AND PROBATION SYSTEM, AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS. Table I1.—Expenditure on Industrial Schools and Probation System, 1922-23.

I Fuel, Light, and Water. Farm and Garden. Medicine, Medical Attendance, and Dentistry. Foodstuffs. Clothing and Boots. Deduct Institution. Sundries. Household Requisites. Total. Add Stocks, 31/3/1922. Total. Issues to Board. Issues to Service. Expenditure. Stocks, 31/3/1923. Receiving-homes — £ s. d. Auckland .. 240 2 2 Hamilton .. 177 17 9 Napier .. 170 5 4 Wanganui .. 152 12 4 Wellington .. 365 1 5 Nelson .. 85 16 4 Christchurch .. 400 9 2 Probation Homes — Auckland .. 207 11 6 Wellington .. 253 6 9 Christchurch .. 173 17 2 Dunedin .. 84 6 5 Boys' Training- 523 0 3 farm, Weraroa Children's Home, Industrial School, 323 2 10 Caversham Te Oranga Home .. Cr. 11 11 3 £ s. d. 203 13 0 739 18 9 1,226 11 0 68 14 2 1,006 9 8 588 9 4 1,320 15 10 £ s. d. 63 10 2 41 17 9 40 6 4 59 2 5 99 2 1 46 7 9 161 7 2 £ s. d. 29 15 0 1 15 9 1 2 3 1 14 9 18 6 £ s. d. 15 12 2 1 17 6 16 6 9 1 17 6 52 4 11 22 19 7 23 17 2 £ s. d. 23 13 2 19 11 5 28 18 11 4 14 5 41 16 4 24 8 3 42 9 5 £ s. d. £ s. d. 43 12 7 619 18 3 15 19 6 998 18 5 52 13 6 1,536 4 1 15 19 9 304 15 4 59 6 9 ! 1,684 1 2 16 9 5 784 10 8 63 4 6 2,013 11 9 £ s. d. £ s. d. 619 18 3 1,190 11 8 2,189 10 1 897 1 7 2,433 5 8 164 14 0 469 9 4 1,085 13 0 2,769 14 2 929 15 2 1,714 5 10 1,728 18 9 3,742 10 6 482 13 5 444 10 9 1,135 14 9 1,533 6 2 162 2 0 2,472 0 4 : 4,808 1 5 £ s. d. 17 0 6 146 5 10 317 11 3 93 9 10 540 18 11 204 15 2 744 13 8 £ s. d. 78 8 3 567 15 4 346 4 2 34 3 11 159 1 5 372 2 4 282 10 8 £ s. d. 1,208 2 3 1,435 12 6 109 18 10 1,422 7 3 994 15 11 1,853 13 6 £ s. d. 524 9 6 267 6 8 333 17 9 231 16 9 647 6 7 142 12 5 861 12 8 32 11 4 63 2 5 76 3 10 0 13 5 669 1 0 91 15 4 55 16 9 80 11 11 35 9 4 274 4 5 31 13 8 7 6 5 10 1 1 610 2 10 17 19 2 21 3 9 4 11 3 7 6 10 100 4 8 45 13 4 21 4 7 41 7 6 2 18 9 66 15 6 55 9 1 482 13 5 29 16 6 444 10 9 13 13 4 397 11 5 21 6 2 162 2 0 92 12 5 2,336 1 1 Cr. 10 18 5 9 7 10 Or. 0 2 8 1,526 19 2 Cr. 49 18 3 120 8 1 ■ 199 15 1 671 1 7 1,801 16 4 482 13 5 444 10 9 542 1 5 162 2 0 2,197 8 6 19 7 2 789 9 5 23 3 6 Cr. 8 16 6 5 19 3 9 7 10 9 7 10 857 10 11 235 12 0 67 0 10 8 3 5 25 11 10 3,482 14 10 5,009 14 0 349 14 2 1,254 6 10 2,783 1 9 622 11 3 Cr. 45 17 0 7 9 0 0 1 0 Cr. 49 18 3 Cr. 49 18 3 Totals |l3,251 7 1 13,087 4 1 26,338 11 2 ;2,554 4 7 14,083 17 5 12,280 9 11 7,419 19 Repairs to buildings Salaries of staff of homes, Managers, Probation Officers, visiting nurses, &c. Boarding-out of children — Payments to foster-parents Payments to Postal Department as commission Issues of clothing, &c, from institutions, £2,554 4s. 7d.; from central stores, £997 Is. 5d. Medicine, medical attendance, dentistry, &c. •• 563 1 23,438 4 •• £ s. d. 72,508 5 3 672 8 0 3,551 6 0 2,910 7 7 Inmates at service — Issue of clothing, &c, from institutions, £4,083 17s. 5d.; from central stores, £1,456 10s. 6d. Miscellaneous payments 5,540 7 11 1,249 12 6 Refund of maintenance payments Refund of inmates' earnings Rents Travelling-expenses Wages of inmates Law-costs Libraries Special instruction and contingencies •• 219 18 ! 222 18 i 595 2 . 5,545 4 ( 44 5 ' 62 4 1 17 19 i 30 2 i Less recoveries — From parents and others Sales of farm-produce Inmates' earnings for clothing, &c. Deficient outfits .. .. .. .. .. .. .. • Miscellaneous 21,210 16 3 2,928 10 7 5,630 0 4 1,271 19 2 1,166 18 9 124,591 8 ( 32,208 5 : Net cost £92,383 2 1.

9

E.—4

In connection with the foregoing table it should be borne in mind that there are really only two residential institutions in our industrial-schools system —the Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa, for boys, and a section of the Caversham Industrial School for girls. The receiving-homes and probation homes are regarded as clearing-houses, where children are admitted for short periods for observation and treatment, if necessary, prior to being pilaced in ordinary homes in the community or in situations. These homes are also utilized — (1.) For housing children who for various reasons arc changing from one home or situation to another, or who are sent in from country districts for medical or dental treatment, &c. ; (2.) For children, and young persons passing through from other centres or districts ; and (3.) For girls and young women in situations who spend their weekly half-holiday and occasional week-end days with the Matron of the home. He average number of children in residence at these homes is comparatively small, but an approximation of the work of the homes is given in the following return : —

Table I la.-—Government Expenditure on Private (Roman Catholic) Schools, 1922-23. Gross Expenditure. £ St. Mary's, Auckland .. .. .. .. .. .. 812 St. Josoph's, Upper Hutt .. .. .. .. .. 640 St. Mary's, Nelson .. .. .. .. .. .. 362 St. Vincent de Paul's, Dunedin .. .. .. .. .. 278 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. £2,092 Table I 1b. —Government Expenditure on the Maintenance of Inmates sent to other Institutions, 1922-23. £ s. d. Door of Hope, Auokland .. .. .. .. .. 16 0 0 Salvation Army Home, Grey Lynn .. .. .. .. 10 14 3 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. £26 14 3 Table I 2. —Gross Recoveries from Parents and Others. 1921-22. 1922-23. £ £ s. d. Industrial schools .. .. .. .. 22,620 24,226 3 2 Special schools .. .. .. .. 3,298 2,852 19 11 Charitable Aid Boards (industrial and special schools) 6,076 1,779 10 0 £31,994 £28,858 13 1

Table I2a. —Cash Sales of Farm-produce, 1922-23.

2—B. 4.

Name of School. Average Number in Residence. Number of Children; n T , ..„,•. . , ,, i Meals supplied to actually *-, i rt ., J , Casual Uases, passing through. Auckland Receiving-home Auckland Probation Home Hamilton Reoeiving-home Wanganui Receiving-home Napier Reoeivin g-home Wellington Receiving-home Wellington Probation Home Nelson Receiving-home Christchurch Receiving-home Christchurch Probation Home Dunedin Probation Home 17-66 14-55 7-09 6-12 7-57 14-77 9-39 4-81 15-37 12-05 3-09 195 550 163 208 1 10 226 67 121 84 167 285 1,021 141. 264 112 726 272 2,062 133 15 61 18 1,623 5,378

Item. Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa. Special School, Otekaike. Totals. Cheese Butter and butterfat .. Milk £ s. d. i,24S 12 10 259 17 11 59 1 1 3 251 2 6 . j 31 5 8 46 15 1 15 19 8 228 7 2 72 10 4 37 10 6 45 0 0 22 5 9 149 6 11 48 15 0 ! 194 11 4 28 9 2 £ s. d. i,24S 12 10 259 17 11 59 1 1 3 £ s. d. 146 19 9 25 18 5 0 18 9 14 13 7 3 2 6 9 JO 10 212 7 0 47 3 8 32 18 9 91 0 3 90 12 11 147 3 3 62 19 7 £ s. d. 1,248 12 10 406 17 8 85 9 8 0 18 9 265 16 1 34 8 2 56 5 I I 15 19 8 440 14 2 119 14 0 70 9 3 45 0 0 113 6 0 239 19 10 48 15 0 147 3 3 194 11 4 91 8 9 Croam Eggs Poultry Vegetables Orchard Sheep Wool Cattle Horses Hides Pigs Cereals, hay, straw, &c. Mats and baskets Chaffcutting and threshing Sundries 251 2 6 31 5 8 46 15 1 15 19 8 228 7 2 72 10 4 37 10 6 45 0 0 22 5 9 149 6 11 48 15 0 194 11 4 28 9 2 Totals .. 2,740 1 1 885 9 3 3,625 10 4

E.—4

Table I3.—Numbers under Control at 31st December, 1922.

10

Government Schools. Particulars of Children belonging to the Schools. tf '.H rSF O CO p., a o 1*" Oh © c .a o > § © p *p 3 5° 2 3 Si* O P a* 8 : ! re- S S Ph s= r-: 3 * cT o ra *; fcc.2 P p4 to a ■§! Sea! lt oat '3 c "S ** c.S I* p=~ , tq 9 o c S H 3 it? Pis o pi 53 p o © M 1 b. ; g. IB. B. j G. B. B. j G. B. B. j G. B. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. B. G. B. B. ! G. G. In the schools Boarded out At service With friends Under guardianship Committed but on probation .. In hospitals, convalescent homes, &c. .. In mental hospitals Adopted In refuges or cognate institutions In orphanages, cottage homes, &c. In probation homes Absent without leave In gaol At School for the Deaf At Special School, Otekaike At Special School, Richmond Queen Victoria Maori Girls' School Temporarily at Wellington Receiving-home Temporarily at Napier Receiving-home.. Temporarily at Caversham 49 io 54 6 10 9 2 12 195 142 . 40 27 41 i '3 1 1 6 8 1 4 5 3 3 57 48 27 8 14 8 11 1 •• 45 6 1 I 5 2 45 38 11 40 13 10 7 1 1 1 .. 2 .. 93 13 47 II 6 1 83 3 1 57 3 13 47 42 . . .. 199 128 4 29 13 .. 48 11 19 13 1 13 25 .. 1 .. 1 1 . . 1 .. 5 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 .. .. 8 2 10 .. I 1 12 .. j .. 1 1 .. 23 7 i .. .. 8 1 1 60 71 45 108 248 229 42 23 1 1 3 64 37 12 44 4 4 .. "I 1 2 •■ • .. .. .. •' .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. i " 1 1 1 1 .. 1 o .. " 2 3 1 I ■■- •• •• •• 12 6 2 246 254 8 1 57 73 71 .. .. .. 7 1 .. 1 1 1 ... I .. . 5 '- :: :: ■" I " •• -• j •■ •' | • ' •• ■■ j 74 56 4 5 Totals .. : 65 1 246 67 65 : 49 107 59 19 55 i 68 94 76 i I I I

11

E.—4

Table I3.—Numbers under Control at 31st December, 1922— continued.

3-E. 4.

Government Schools. Private Schools. All Schools. Particulars of Children belonging to the Schools. 1 jS SO g o*^ Is* Cp 3*g cpO 3d o o£ s a 1* 53 its s-i g H Ho 3° 5 3 - W 3 oco a d so g 5 fog 1 " sis . a ."S ; a* S?ffi t* c OS 3-i H 1= g." g lie Totals of all Schools. , B. G. B. B. G. B. B. G. B. , B. G. B. B. G. B. ; B - G. G. B. G. G. B. G. Both Sexes. In the schools Boarded out At service With friends Under guardianship .. Committed but on probation In hospitals, convalescent homes, &c. In mental hospitals Adopted In refuges or cognate institutions In orphanages, cottage homes, &c. In probation homes Absent without leave In gaol At School for the Deaf At Special School, Otekaike At Special School, Richmond Queen Victoria Maori Girls' School Temporarily at Wellington Receiving-home Temporarily at Napier Receiving -home .. Temporarily at Caversham 21 1 13 1 2 6 2 ■• •• 1 1 13 4 .. .. ! .. 203 134 ..24 21 : .. 83 65 47 ' .. 6 17 .. ! 13 18 19 4 7 1 4 2 .. i 6 Ill 1 16 1 4 2 .. .. 3 3 1 22 2 69 . . 32 26 48 41 .. 16 11 10 8 0 2 5 1 i .. i 39 32 24 28 11 14 23 5 20 29 2 4 2 1 19 99 116 40 8 16 18 131 175 306 1 2 '.140 829 1,969 16 2 .. 1 467 313 780 6 2 4 260 204 464 14 4 18 1 1 2 1 .. 1 . . 13 10 23 1 6 7 13 12 3 2 .. 1 .. 1 17 18 10 9 19 30 .. 30 32 4 36 2 2 .. 2 2 88 .. 88 20 20 2 2 1 1 1 .. 1 1 1 66 13 18 25 2,197 1,601 3,798 " ■• ••: - ■■ 8 .. 2 "i '.'. 2 5 1 .. I .. 2 231 243 78 31 36 21 102 1 .. .. 2 .. 1 2 3 2 •• ■■ -.- •• •• - •• :: :: :: - : Totals 22 ! 152 57 38 45 19 22 21 I 4 1 I

E.—4.

Table I4.—Admissions in 1922, classified according to Causes of Admission.

Table I5. —Admissions in 1922, classified according to Status at 31st December, 1922.

Table I6. —Admissions in 1922, classified according to Number in Residence at 31st December, 1922.

12

rovcrnnient Sch< >ols. Privat School ;e Is. All Schools. Admitted as a °_: 7 a 5 o B. G. o a 9? .id ■2 « £< -„g B?S 5 o CD s . o a a o MS s i 6 a o .:; P3 5CU a G. B. r tic ce cd* .3231 il So f| ,gj it? - P '5? | G. B. B. |G a § o% a £is | 'rA <0 '*"■ °o 2 fflj « r 2 ■ BrQ §2 a •? a « a. o CD > cc ;* 11 i ' 5° G. B. G. O-i ■H (/J cd '*- ■ 2°2 Ch rB m* 4 a' i" «a ! Orl ■3 S.S 2 -"o fl d CD 3 -a a OS - £Q S -»§ § ll a fflK G. B. A o 3 _Cfl"rcj i*,a P co a *Sr3 a a H a s* Totals of all Schools. B. B. G. B. B. B. is. B. !. G. B. B. , r. Both '■ u - Sexes. B. G. )estitute .. Vagrant .. n disreputable associations Jot under proper control (complaint by police) Jncontrollable (complaint by parents) Lccused or guilty of punishable offences from gaol iy private arrangement 11 B 8 3 .. .. 4 .... 3 3 12 4 .. 12 4 .. 31 17 1 1 .. 4 2 31 17 1 19 13 1 18 20 .. 99 8 11 19 64 163 8 5 8 .1 5 16 64 5 5 i 7 7 4 *2 'il '.'. 10 10 7 4 18 7 4 7 6 6 5 4 2 1 1 2 14 I 18 4 .. 77 '7 59 136 14 14 2 5 2 59 8 3 1 li .. 5 5 4 9 6 4 1 8 4 17 3 .. 2 I .. 3 .. 2 1 53 13 1 54 13 '2 '.'. '.'. 3 3 35 34 1 2' .. 13 4 .3 2 15 4 5 9 2 5 'il i Totals 2fiJ 17, 29 11 34 38 21 6 8 6 126 28 3 6 2 2 265 15145 410' 145 |22| 19 11 5 26 :>.

Status at 31st December, 1922. cj d a> * I-Si a 2S-5 & I cm-Ph ■S-S " ■ *> i t 11 11a 5 >• p & G. B. G. B. G. B. G. I ■2 h a3 *"■ S *« oft "ill : ss° p O CD . m a p ■6 ■3 L 11 S B. Totals. 1 n r n Both G - B - G - Sexes. it. B. G. | B. G. 2 .. 18 .. j 3 2 11 .. I 1 11 .. ..161 B. G. In residence Boarded out At service With friends In hospitals, convalescent homes, cfec. In orphanages and cottage homes, &o. Missing In refuges or cognate institutions 3 81 7 8 2 .... 2 3 15 8 54 3 5 5 .. 46 37 1 .. .. 1 .. 2 4 5 .. .. 3 - 5 3 4 3 5 I 2 7 2 7 1 42 14 5 I .. 149 99 24 i I 21 7 28 .. 21 i 12 33 3 .. 3 .... j 4 4 \\ I 2 .. .. I 4 4 5:1 6 .. .. ; 2 2 In mental hospital At Speoial School, Otekaike Died Written off the books Adopted 1 1 3 1 .. 8 .. I I .. .. .. . 6 .. ...... 'i 1 ! .. 1 .. 15 I .. 15 4 1.. 4 4 14 8 .... j 2 2 •• i •• 4 Totals 99 64 3 5 11 5 77 I 59 I 64 3 5 11 5 ! 51 41531 1 4 5 13 13 2 265 il45 410 2

G. overnment Sch >ols. Schools 6 A " S «"°° K Particulars of Children in llcsidenee at the 31st December, 1922. OrCt S a ax ll 8->l ct> M 11 |g |i Ijj o a Mjg bD« bfi'i £<! II ll ft O o « *» fflW « rt rt B. B. G. B. G. B. G. 2 2 1 .. .. 3 2 .. 1 ...... toes «f a o a ■ II II 'ESS W r-H .£ d) §i 3 bp cj a fH(S la" M.2 s o ■f i &rj a 1 6 3 u *?§ 3*3 11 §! u Mb "o wj Cn-a: «° § ■ ll 1 ■§■! *l l§ »r| §§ lb £ n &«< S n TofcaK 13 > - CD' ™ £ « CO c« ;D fl ■5 a o ■ »s B. G. B. IB. G. G. B. B. j G. B. G. B. B. G. B. B G.. G. IS. G. ™ Both Sexes. t Destitute Disreputable associations Not under control (complaint by police) Uncontrollable (complaint by parents) Accused or guilty of punishable offences Transferred from gaol.. j . . . . 1 3 .... i 1 2 2 3 3 2 i 1 .. 2 3 i . . 1 .. 3 3 2 15 8 2! i 3 i 3 2 5 5 23 • • • • i • • 1 .. .. i 2 .. : 1 2 13 I .. .. 2 2 .. .. 1 18 .. II 1 1.8 •• 5 1 18 | .. 1 I •■ .. l 2 1 : 1 1 3 Totals ? ll |4 6 ..2 2 3 4 2 42 14 51 2 2 3 4 2 14 3 2 ..5 1 .. .. 56

(Magistrates, after hearing the evidence, direct in what religious denomina' committed are to be brought up.) d JS a .a >,. cSO ,g to a i I fl 6 I t A tr, ol i i|- 1 d <l A A S . £ A 52 ft Hi OQ fifi !er, ion c i o a A a P li ildren 3 a o H Number 214 75 69 19 9 7 6 4 2 2 1 1 Percentage 52-2 j 18-3 16-8 , 4-6 2-4 1-7 i 1-4 1-0 ! 0-5 0-5 0 2 0-2 \ ! I I i i i 1 0-2 410 100-0

E.—4.

Table I7.—Admissions in 1922, classified according to Parents' Circumstances and Character.

The numbers of children admitted were —Prom Wellington, 58 ; Auckland, 51 ; Christchurch, 51; Dunedin, 33; Inveroargi.il, 20; Gisbome, 17; Napier, 14; Wanganui, 12; Timaru, 1.1; Hamilton, 9 ; Thames, !) : Eltham, 8 ; Tauranga, 7 ; Woodville, 7 ; Oamaru, b' ; Palmergton North, 6 ; Wairoa (H. 8.), 6 ; Ashburton, 5 ; Bull's, 5 ; Otaki, 5 ; Whangarei, 5 ; Greymouth, 4; Helensville, 4 ; Paparoa, 4 ; Hastings, 3 ; Marton, 3 ; Masterton, 3 ; Nelson, 3 ; Rotorua, 3 ; Waipawa, 3 ; Addington, 2 ; Rketahuna, 2 ; Hawera, 2 ; Mangonui, 2 ; New Plymouth, 2 ; Ormondville, 2 ; Otahuhu, 2 ; Picton, 2 ; Westport, 2 ; Blenheim, 1 ; Dannevirke, 1 ; Dargaville, 1 ; Pairlie, 1 ; Granity, 1 ; Maungaturoto, 1 ; Onehunga, 1 ; Opotiki, 1 ; Pahiatua, 1 ; Petone, 1 ; Port Awanui, 1 ; Reef ton, 1 ; Ruatorea, 1 ; Taumarunui, ] ; Temuka, 1 ; Waimate, 1 ; Whakatane, 1. The records show that of the total number of children admitted 2585 per cent, were known to be illegitimate.

Table I7a.—Admissions classified according to Religious Belief.

13

Reas< ms for lommiti il of Ch: ildren. Fathers described as a '-» 00 <D 2 a 3 ? CD HH la' k (2 a-2 IISft* as* a a — ° Ond a" 5 a M o v a is *§s 11 O (S O" c & oa o o o a) ft 8 A. <D 18 CD S3 CD In cn-.-3 a a 3 a CD ■SSI a II 3 3 Mothers described as a o G *a_; a * CO a M 3 H a 3 a a 1 Total. Dead Dead Good Questionable Bad Addicted to drink .. Mentally unfit Unknown Dead Good Questionable Bad Addicted to drink.. Mentally unfit Deserter Unknown Dead Good Questionable Bad Addicted to drink .. Mentally unfit Deserter Physically unfit .. Unknown Dead Good Questionable Bad Mentally unfit Deserter Dead Good Questionable Bad .. Addicted to drink.. Mentally unfit Deserter Physically unfit Questionable Dead Good Questionable Dead Good Questionable Bad Addicted to drink. . Mentally unfit Deserter Physically unfit Unknown 4 2 4 2 9 1 2 1 3 3 1 I I 1 io 1 8 8 10 3 1 (i 1 19 84 2 8 2 13 9 I 10 14 24 3 1 5 1 7 2 10 6 10 1 2 1 9 17 6 5 11 I 3 6 3 2 11 3 4 13 23 (1 3 8 2 1 1 3 1 Good 1 21 2 12 25 1 5 I 1 I 5 8 1 '2 2 3 22 i 2 io 1 ,, . . . . 2 1 1 1 7 4 i » • • Questionable :: - 9 i 6 15 2 g 1 1 1 1 3 1 9 3 9 1 1 4 1 I 1 I Bad 1 1 Addicted to drink .. 1 1 1 11 1 1 '.'. 5 5 4 3 1 3 3 1 2 I I I 1 5 1 ,» • • 3 li Mentally unfit Dosorter .. ,, ,, .. .. Unknown .. 3 2 5 1 2 10 15 5 1 5 2 1 I i 2 2 1 1 5 1 1 1 2 '5 i I 1 1 »» Totals 163 8 16 16 136 9 54 9 15 15 410

E. -4.

Table I8.—Deaths, 1922.

Table I9. —Inmates discharged from Industrial Schools during 1922.

Under the provisions of the Industrial Schools Act, 1909, power is given for the detention beyond the age of twenty-one years of any inmate who, upon application being made to a Magistrate by the Manager of the school at the direction of the Minister of Education, is found to be morally degenerate or otherwise not (in the public interest) a fit person to be free from control. In the thirteen years since this Act came into operation there have been ninety-one orders issued extending the period of control, sixty-six of the inmates concerned, being girls. The Act provides for extension for four years, and gives power to the Court on similar procedure to renew the order from time to time for a period of four years. It is expected that the number of those over whom authority beyond twenty-one years will be needed will always be small in proportion to the whole number of inmates ; but the value of such an enactment in respect of the remainder who have to be detained is obvious, both in their own interests and in that of the community at large.

14

Table I 8.—Deaths, .1922. Age. Status at Death. Certified Cause of Death. School to which belonging. Yrs. mos. 0 2 Salvation Army Home 0 2 0 3 At board i Marasmus .. .. . • • . Wellington Receiving-home. I 5 In hospital 1 I I At hoard . . 2 11 5 1 In hospital 6 10 At board 7 11 Accidental suffocation .. .. .. Under guardianship B.O.O., Timaru. Pneumonia .. . . .. . • Under guardianship B.O.O., Invereargill. Accidental drowning .. • ■ • ■ Christchurch Receiving-home. Cerebral haemorrhage, syncope, cardiac failure. . Nelson Receiving-home. Tubercular cervical adenitis, shock .. .. Cavcrsham Industrial School. Typhoid fever, kidney trouble . . . . Auckland Receiving-home. Pneumonia .. .. . . • . Under guardianship B.O.O., Whangarei. Run over by motor-car .. . . . . Wellington Receiving-home. Tuberculosis .. .. •. •. Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa. Meningitis .. .. .. .. Wellington Receiving-home. Pneumonia, cadiac failure . . .... ,, Tuberculosis . . .. .. St. Vincent de Paul's. 9 9 12 10 With friends 13 10 In hospital 17 6 18 3 In sanatorium Table I 9.—Inmat 'ES DISCHARGED FROM INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS DURING 1.922. fe •!.„■ ii O "B P ° 11 J ?i -si be bo -m T: Particulars of Discharge, a a an" 5 'B.fl u — hJE ;>cfl £ S& £<a c R l-» < .1 I '53 rQ v p Pi h4 in § -fl 6' o so § . to • Q Q b'rj fl? bu S 3 S S a 53 h a s| 8ig || a B 2 £ *8 g S£i-?a ei 5S £ > % S o % j 81 ■ I 2» °K S= . : iii 8 o s * 5 £. fi| r «| • f 1 « |. ll t £| AS | s b| ff *$£ «jj flf |, fi § 3§ I Si SB |g «| Ii »|S || •«! 5| 5§ || gw * £w go SB go §r g>J -sS ik ii*^Srth,Ph,flh s hRSsiS •a ccT J a 3 o g fl fl a CO .— O I «a ■uM-i fl 0 cfl R O S ' T3 . « . i a s Ai a • ■*£ 'M g ss o B. G. B. B. B. G. B. G. B. B. G. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. (). B. B. G.\ B. (I. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. B. By warrant .. 5 3 3 3 By death .. 1 Attained the age of twenty-one years Married .. Adopted. . .. 2 .. . . I Written off .. 112.. Extended control expired 5 1 3 3 3 I 7 16 5 6 II 4 8 11 1 10 3 2 28 2 2 43 16 16 11 1 1 5 .. .. 3 .. .. 2 . . 4 2 i ■ • • ■ 5 • ■ 2 • ■ 2 L | 2 5 I 7 I 3 Hi 5 6 2 II 4 4 1 1 8 II 1 10 2 3 2 2 43 1 5 16 5 ii; 2 11 2 1 1 2 i 5 .. 1 1 ■ . 1 3 . . 1 4 .. 2 9 . . 4 4.. 12.... 14 1 .. 1 .. 333 4 i 1 I 2 1 1 "4 3 1 4 1 2 3 9 3 3 1 Totals .. 9 4 5 4 9 4 I 22 20 6 10 13 10 8 13 5 12 3 5 29 3 7 49 26 30 14 20 6 10 13 10 8 13 fi 12 Q 5 3 7 7 49 26 30 14 22 g bo o » a '43 M CD ft I w Si' i i S* I 3 = £ Sf3 S* •i ° £oss| 5 ° . Ig * -S3 xi j=» -S « ° -aP °S 'S Ss ■§ oj oflS o>t£: h gouh.a ." 9 5 an So9b-" a R ?h>(i H | -'-aa fr fl II I! I H ii it |i" i 4J O w 3"~ 5 . . 8 V S J W 5^ + ; M o o a o cn CJ ® o -1-3 f i R 1 1 fl o +c cd R O M R a e II 0 off R -o "3.S •a a j w 5 cfl B G. ii. ct R . a a "■fl •° fl el flfe ;| flO R O Hi fl >§ hj ■§, " "^ o R " - Particulars of Discharge. « . fl fe £B B B Qj fl o a * (B Waa O > cfl ■s-a 3O fK 1-3 ft ' Is h» B 1! ii (-1 f-l go R o ■fl S g a la .£ o i- T? O S . <« o gig Is o H 0. 11. B. 1 By warrant .. 4 . . 12 By death .. .. 1 Attained the age, of twenty-one years Married .. Adopted 1 Written off Extended e o n t r o 1 expired G. II. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. B, I B. B. G. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. II l_ . __ III B. G. B. G. B. G G. B. B. B. B. G. I 18 .. I .. 4 B. 7 221 1 11 2 7 o. $4 o M 312 14 36 4 12 I 5 4 3 4 I 9 8 i 5 5 4 6 221 11 7 9.1 3 29 1 11 1 1 o.. o o 1 3 1 4 2 15 26 41 1 3 2 1 3 1 .. 3 4 2 1 5 2 . . 15 15 21 8 26 22 2 8 ■11 43 2 3 1 .. .. 152 21 22 43 1 .. 2 2 . . 21 J .. Totals .. 5 1 12 5 1 12 1 5 4 3 8 26 9 1 5 6 33 7 1 5 6 11 275 181 456 1 5 5 6 33 7 275 5 1 4 3 8 26 9 i 1 5 6 II 275 1 181 456 Under the provisions of t beyond the age of twenty-on Magistrate by the Manager of - be morally degenerate or other In the thirteen years since thi extending the period of control, extension for four years, and gi time to time for a period of foui beyond twenty-one years will t inmates ; but the value of such obvious, both in their own inter >rovisions of the Industrial Schools Act, 1909, power is given for the detention of twenty-one years of any inmate who, upon application being made to a i Manager of the school at the direction of the Minister of Education, is found to erate or otherwise not (in the public interest) a fit person to be free from control. r ears since this Act came into operation there have been ninety-one orders issued iod of control, sixty-six of the inmates concerned, being girls. The Act provides for ■ years, and gives power to the Court on similar procedure to renew the order from i, period of four years. It is expected that the number of those over whom authority le years will be needed will always be small in proportion to the whole number of j value of such an enactment in respect of the remainder who have to be detained is ;heir own interests and in that of the community at large.

Table I 8.—Deaths, .1922. Age. Status at Death. Certified Cause of Death. School to which belonging. Yrs. mos. 0 2 Salvation Army Home 0 2 0 3 At board i Marasmus .. .. . • • . Wellington Receiving-home. I 5 In hospital 1 I I At hoard . . 2 11 5 1 In hospital 6 10 At board 7 11 Accidental suffocation .. .. .. Under guardianship B.O.O., Timaru. Pneumonia .. . . .. . • Under guardianship B.O.O., Invereargill. Accidental drowning .. • ■ • ■ Christchurch Receiving-home. Cerebral haemorrhage, syncope, cardiac failure. . Nelson Receiving-home. Tubercular cervical adenitis, shock .. .. Cavcrsham Industrial School. Typhoid fever, kidney trouble . . . . Auckland Receiving-home. Pneumonia .. .. . . • . Under guardianship B.O.O., Whangarei. Run over by motor-car .. . . . . Wellington Receiving-home. Tuberculosis .. .. •. •. Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa. Meningitis .. .. .. .. Wellington Receiving-home. Pneumonia, cadiac failure . . .... ,, Tuberculosis . . .. .. St. Vincent de Paul's. 9 9 12 10 With friends 13 10 In hospital 17 6 18 3 In sanatorium Table I 9.—Inmat 'ES DISCHARGED FROM INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS DURING 1.922. fe •!.„■ ii O "B P ° 11 J ?i -si be bo -m T: Particulars of Discharge, a a an" 5 'B.fl u — hJE ;>cfl £ S& £<a c R l-» < .1 I '53 rQ v p Pi h4 in § -fl 6' o so § . to • Q Q b'rj fl? bu S 3 S S a 53 h a s| 8ig || a B 2 £ *8 g S£i-?a ei 5S £ > % S o % j 81 ■ I 2» °K S= . : iii 8 o s * 5 £. fi| r «| • f 1 « |. ll t £| AS | s b| ff *$£ «jj flf |, fi § 3§ I Si SB |g «| Ii »|S || •«! 5| 5§ || gw * £w go SB go §r g>J -sS ik ii*^Srth,Ph,flh s hRSsiS •a ccT J a 3 o g fl fl a CO .— O I «a ■uM-i fl 0 cfl R O S ' T3 . « . i a s Ai a • ■*£ 'M g ss o B. G. B. B. B. G. B. G. B. B. G. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. (). B. B. G.\ B. (I. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. B. By warrant .. 5 3 3 3 By death .. 1 Attained the age of twenty-one years Married .. Adopted. . .. 2 .. . . I Written off .. 112.. Extended control expired 5 1 3 3 3 I 7 16 5 6 II 4 8 11 1 10 3 2 28 2 2 43 16 16 11 1 1 5 .. .. 3 .. .. 2 . . 4 2 i ■ • • ■ 5 • ■ 2 • ■ 2 L | 2 5 I 7 I 3 Hi 5 6 2 II 4 4 1 1 8 II 1 10 2 3 2 2 43 1 5 16 5 ii; 2 11 2 1 1 2 i 5 .. 1 1 ■ . 1 3 . . 1 4 .. 2 9 . . 4 4.. 12.... 14 1 .. 1 .. 333 4 i 1 I 2 1 1 "4 3 1 4 1 2 3 9 3 3 1 Totals .. 9 4 5 4 9 4 I 22 20 6 10 13 10 8 13 5 12 3 5 29 3 7 49 26 30 14 20 6 10 13 10 8 13 fi 12 Q 5 3 7 7 49 26 30 14 22 g bo o » a '43 M CD ft I w Si' i i S* I 3 = £ Sf3 S* •i ° £oss| 5 ° . Ig * -S3 xi j=» -S « ° -aP °S 'S Ss ■§ oj oflS o>t£: h gouh.a ." 9 5 an So9b-" a R ?h>(i H | -'-aa fr fl II I! I H ii it |i" i 4J O w 3"~ 5 . . 8 V S J W 5^ + ; M o o a o cn CJ ® o -1-3 f i R 1 1 fl o +c cd R O M R a e II 0 off R -o "3.S •a a j w 5 cfl B G. ii. ct R . a a "■fl •° fl el flfe ;| flO R O Hi fl >§ hj ■§, " "^ o R " - Particulars of Discharge. « . fl fe £B B B Qj fl o a * (B Waa O > cfl ■s-a 3O fK 1-3 ft ' Is h» B 1! ii (-1 f-l go R o ■fl S g a la .£ o i- T? O S . <« o gig Is o H 0. 11. B. 1 By warrant .. 4 . . 12 By death .. .. 1 Attained the age, of twenty-one years Married .. Adopted 1 Written off Extended e o n t r o 1 expired G. II. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. B, I B. B. G. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. II l_ . __ III B. G. B. G. B. G G. B. B. B. B. G. I 18 .. I .. 4 B. 7 221 1 11 2 7 o. $4 o M 312 14 36 4 12 I 5 4 3 4 I 9 8 i 5 5 4 6 221 11 7 9.1 3 29 1 11 1 1 o.. o o 1 3 1 4 2 15 26 41 1 3 2 1 3 1 .. 3 4 2 1 5 2 . . 15 15 21 8 26 22 2 8 ■11 43 2 3 1 .. .. 152 21 22 43 1 .. 2 2 . . 21 J .. Totals .. 5 1 12 5 1 12 1 5 4 3 8 26 9 1 5 6 33 7 1 5 6 11 275 181 456 1 5 5 6 33 7 275 5 1 4 3 8 26 9 i 1 5 6 II 275 1 181 456 Under the provisions of t beyond the age of twenty-on Magistrate by the Manager of - be morally degenerate or other In the thirteen years since thi extending the period of control, extension for four years, and gi time to time for a period of foui beyond twenty-one years will t inmates ; but the value of such obvious, both in their own inter >rovisions of the Industrial Schools Act, 1909, power is given for the detention of twenty-one years of any inmate who, upon application being made to a i Manager of the school at the direction of the Minister of Education, is found to erate or otherwise not (in the public interest) a fit person to be free from control. r ears since this Act came into operation there have been ninety-one orders issued iod of control, sixty-six of the inmates concerned, being girls. The Act provides for ■ years, and gives power to the Court on similar procedure to renew the order from i, period of four years. It is expected that the number of those over whom authority le years will be needed will always be small in proportion to the whole number of j value of such an enactment in respect of the remainder who have to be detained is ;heir own interests and in that of the community at large.

E.—4

No. S.—INFANT-LIFE-rROTECTION STATISTICS.

Particulars of Children admitted to and removed from Licensed Foster-homes during 1922.

Rates ok Payments by Parents or Guardians. An account of the rates paid is given in the following statement: — 3at the rate; of ss. per week. 93 at the rate of 20s. per week. 1 ~ 6s. „ 1 ~ 21s. „ 4 „ 7s. 6d. „ 1 ~ 225. I. ~ 9s. „ 1 „ 225. 6d. „ 105 „ 10s. „ 12 „ 255. 2 „ 10s. 6d. „ 3 „ 30s. J „ I.os. 10(1. „ I „ 40s. 1 „ Us. „ 1 „ 425. 15 „ 12s. „ 1 „ 60s. 125 ~ 12s. 6d. ~ 1 adopted with premium disbursed at 2 ~ 13s. ~ the rate of ss. per Week. 3 ; , 13s. 4d. ~ 3 adopted with premium disbursed at 2 ~ 14s. ~ the rate of 10s. per week. 279 ~ 15s. ~ 33 adopted with premium disbursed at I ~ 15s. 6d. ~ the rate of 15s. per week. 1 ~ I6s. ~ .12 for whom no payment is being made, 3 ~ 17s. ~ but who are under supervision. 30 „ 17s. 6d. „ Thi! following is a comparison of the rates paid during the last six years : — 1917. 19 IS. 1919. 1920. 1921. 1922. Under 7s. per week .. 19 11 7 2 2 4 7s. and under 10s. per week 75 52 53 22 II 5 10s. per week .. .. 532 502 368 240 L 33 105 Over 10s. per week .. 215 294 376 531 508 579 Foster-homes. The 742 infants in foster-homes at the end of the year were distributed as follows : — In 497 homes, each having one child .. .. .. .. 497 ~ 72 ~ two children . . . . ... .. 144 „ 27 „ three „ .. .. .. ..81 „ 5 „ four ~ .. . . .. 20 601 742 Ten of the homes were those in which children under six were boarded out by Charitable Aid Boards. The total number of licensed homes was 841, so that at the end of the year there were 240 licensed homes in which for the time being no infants were boarded.

15

J -1*8 M . M . 4i cH -13 0) --J CD a 3 S a no asp 3 60 rNM-i ,__, hi, <D<» © ai CD n .£ T) -D OH 0) *-J ■I || *.* p§ pq PQ Tti >o SO ■"Cl© T3 CD ""d CD a bp pi top j=| hO fOtH Trl *w 'O -4-1 a ° a ° a ° CD <n o VI CD w M s= §3 l« 8 pq pq pq m rH cc! (X 60 co <! CD O £? O o H On the books at 31st December, 65 07 108 95 1921 Placed in licensed homes during 1.65 69 97 77 the year 1922 ■ ■ Totals .. .. 230 136 265 172 Withdrawn from homes during 1922— Removed by parents or 28 51 101 67 guardians Deaths .. .. 1 2 1 2 Adoptions without pre- 0 4 11 0 miums In homes to which exemp- 2 .. 1 1 tion was granted Brought under the opera- .'5 5 7 3 tion of the Industrial Schools Act Written off the books for 3 4 9 5 various causes Total withdrawals 40 06 130 84 On the books at 31st December, 77 79 141 127 1922 _j_ 1 98 94 50 37 55 27 135 149 77 48 32 23 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 ! 8 3 4 ! 61 42 30 82 89 73 69 10 79 8 1 2 700 537 1,243 358 .10 37 9 20 31 67 42 501 74 742

E.—4

16

Exempted Institutions. From the provision that " it shall not be lawful for any person, in. consideration of any payment or reward, to receive or retain in his care or charge any infant for the purpose of nursing or maintaining it apart from its parents or guardians for a longer period than seven consecutive days unless such person is licensed as a foster-parent" the Minister may grant certain exemptions, and under this authority exemption has been granted to the institutions set forth, in the following list, which shows also the numbers dealt with and the deaths. The conditions of the exemptions provide for inspection and for the removal of the infants only with, due formality.

Of the above 478 children, 25 have no parents living, 61 have a mother only, and 94 have a father only. The remainder (298) have both parents living. Deaths in Foster-homes and Exempted Institutions. Of the 1,24.'J infants who were at one time or another on the books as being in foster-homes during 1922, 10 died; of these, 2 died in foster-homes and 8 died in hospitals to which they had been removed for treatment. Six of the 10 were under twelve months of age, and 9 wore of illegitimate birth. As shown in the table above relating to exempted institutions, there were 16 deaths in 1922.

Name of Institution. Ad] 4= a . O a) S«f 5!° •e a & (1.) missions, 1922. OS . COrn „• J CO rtf DC Mo . a«l <SO~ *«s a MS §3 1*3 a cuS 3 d (2.) (3.) Dei Deaths, 1922 CO rjj a 2 6 a m So ■o a £> (i) » 3 ■ £ • h CD cr co 3 13 M M- . a a<! <Q~ o en ad So il -33* *a & 9 jo" a %2 fia~ t> n« (4.) (5.) (6.) i,ths, 19! rtf DO a<1 CQ ceo o a co ar H £*S U a 4H ft <Dhh (5.) On the Booj :ilst Docenibe ~* S~T~ & r-- « i s-"i 3 m co o cd<1 a co rS 0 la (7.) (8.) ks at ji\ 1922. ■a) hi is* drS ■go? (9.) Salvation Army Boys' Home, Russell St. Mary's Industrial School (Girls' Branch), Auckland St. Joseph's Orphanage, Takapuna, Auckland Orphan Home, Papatoetoe, Auckland Children's Home, Ponsonby, Auokland Methodist Orphanage, Mount Albert, Auckland Leslie Orphanage, Remuora, Auckland Manurewa Children's Home, Auckland St. Mary's Home, Otahuhu, Auckland Salvation Army Orphanage, Heme Bay, Auokland Salvation Army Maternity Home, Auckland Cook County Women's Guild Creche, Gisborne Salvation Army Samaritan Home, Gisborne.. Children's Home, Palmerston North Manawatu Willard Children's Home, Palmerston North Salvation Army Bethany Home, Napier St. Hilda's Home, Otane, Hawke's Bay Wanganui Orphanage, Gonville, Wanganui Salvation Army Boys' Home, Eltham, Taranaki Presbyterian Orphanage, Berhampore, Wellington Levin Memorial Home, Wellington St. Joseph's Orphanage, Upper Hutt, Wellington Home of Compassion, Island Bay, Wellington Salvation Army Girls' Home, Owen Street, Wellington Salvation Army Boys' Home, Island Bay, Wellington St. Mary's Orphanage, Nelson Nazareth House, Christohurch Sacred Heart Orphanage, Mount Magdala, Christchurch St. Saviour's Home, Shirley, Christchurch Salvation Army Maternity Home, Ghristchuroh Presbyterian Orphanage, Papanui, Christohurch Children's Convalescent Cottago, New Brighton, Christchurch St. Saviour's Orphanage lor Boys, Otipua Road, Timaru Salvation Army Boys' Home, Temuka, Canterbury St. Mary's Orphanage, Mornington, Dunodin St. Vinoent de Paul's Orphanage, South Dunodin Salvation Army Maternity Home, Roslyn, Dunedin Salvation Army Home, Anderson's Bay, Dunedin Presbyterian Orphanage, Gordon Street, Inveroargill Viotoria Memorial Home, Inveroargill ... 43 1 1 15 9 3 12 2 3 1 7 6 51 1 17 1 7 7 1 5 2 8 1 9 2 30 3 50 9 1 7 7 i io 1 1 '.'. 1 i 30 3 o .. I 2 1 2 2 3 2 1 2 15 15 2 19 12 6 13 46 2 5 13 10 3 6 9 5 3 1 15 7 31 63 6 5 6 14 20 29 12 10 8 9 1 8 16 6 18 4 5 14 18 6 6 "i 5 10 24 0 12 2 10 3 '4 6 6 1 7 1 12 7 10 11 2 7 . . ! 1 i 1 9 1 16 1 4 4 71 22 364 55 25 25 478 Totals

17

8.—4.

The following is a statement of the number of deaths during the time that the infant-life-protection system has been in the Department's charge : —

Adoptions during the Yeae 1922. During the year 349 orders of adoption were made ; 44 of the adoption orders provided for premiums, and 305 were without monetary consideration. The following shows the ages of the adopted children : —

The amount of the premiums ranged from £10 to £150.

Foster-homes, Exempted I nstituti ions. Year. Number of Deaths. Number of infants. Percentage of Deaths Number of Number of Deaths. Infants. Percentage of Deaths. 1908 1909 19.10 1911 1912 1.913 1914 191.5 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 20 25 20 13 12 13 20 14 17 12 0 10 14 6 10 1,01.7 1,181 1,183 1,183 1,228 1,330 1,423 L,440 1,250 1,361 1,341 1,403 1,300 1,318 1,243 2-50 2-11 2-19 1-09 0-98 0-98 1-40 0-98 No records. • • j? 47 899 30 911 18 984 37 944 11 1,020 9 939 15 1,130 15 955 13 1,050 19 1,002 17 1,118 16 887 5-23 3-95 1-82 3-91 1-08 0-96 1-32 1-57 1-24 1-89 1-52 1-08 1-36 0-88 0-44 0-71 1-07 0-47 0-80

Age. With Premium, Without Premium. Total. Under 6 months Between 6 months and 12 months .. ,, 1 and 2 years „ 2 „ 3 „ „ 3 „ 4 „ „ 4 „ 5 „ 5 „ 6 „ 6 „ 7 , 7 „ 8 „ 8 „ 9 „ 9 „ 10 „ „ 10 „ 11 „ ,. 11 „ 12 „ „ 12 „ 13 „ „ 13 ., 14 , ., 14 ,, 15 „ 20 7 6 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 56 27 35 31 25 21 23 16 15 3 10 8 15 6 6 8 76 34 41 31 27 22 23 18 16 5 11 9 15 6 7 8 44 305 349 The adopting parents were. — Husband and wife jointly . , Widow Widower Spinster Bachelor Wife only Husband only 314 15 2 7 3 5 3 349

E.—4.

Illegitimacy.

Deaths amongst Illegitimate Children during 1922.

No. 6. —COS T L E V TEA.I N I N G INS TITUT I 0 N. Balance-sheet cob Year ending 31st December, 1922. Liabilities. £ s. d, Assets. £ s. d. Costley bequest .. .. .. 12,150 0 0 Mortgages .. .. .. .. 22,465 0 0 Hodge bequest .. .. . . 742 3 9 Accrued interest .. .. .. 117 15 9 Revenue Account as below ~ .. 11,629 1 3 War-loan stock .. .. .. 1,500 0 0 Cash in Bank of New Zealand . . .. 32 3 10 Jackson and Russell .. . . .. 406 6 5 £24,521 5 0 £24,521 5 0 Revenue Account for Year ending 31st December, 1922. Dr. £ s. d. I Cr. £ s. d To Maintenance Account .. .. 508 0 8: By Balance, Ist January, 1922 .. 10,710 6 4 Expenses .. .. .. 71. 0 01 * Interest.. ..' .. .. 1,497 15 7 Balance carried forward .. .. 11,629 1 3 £12,208 1 11. | £12,208 1 11

Approximate Cost of Paper. —Preparation, not given ; printing (825 copies), £25.

By Authority : W. A. G. Skinner, Government Printer, Wellington.—l 923.

Price 9(1.

18

Districts. Number of Illegiti- Illegitimate Children p, ... , mate Children aged under 6 Years of T,. ,, „ ' . , , Twelve Months Ago in Licensed Births registered , ,, n s , , , 1 rinffl9'2 or less brought i fe outer-homes at under the Infants 31st December, Act during 1922. [ 1922. North Auckland Auckland South Auckland Hawke's Bay Gisborne Wanganui and Taranaki Palmerston North Wellington Nelson West Coast North Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland 24 .. 4 218 31 70 72 6 6 65 3 10 40 2 5 90 9 20 63 5 28 217 33 59 31 .. 6 13 .. 2 186 56 111 45 14 23 98 24 70 _ 62 5 11 Totals for 1922 1,224 188 ' 425 i _ Totals for 1921 1,253 174 448

I District. Over Over Under 0 Months 1 Year 6 Months. and under and under 1 Year. 2 Years. I Over Over Over 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years and under and under and under 3 Years. 4 Years. 5 Years. Over 5 Years and under 6 Years. Total. N. Auokland Auckland . . S. Auckland Wanganui . . Gisborne .. Hawke's Bay Palmerston N. Wellington Nelson West Coast N. Canterbury S. Canterbury Otago Southland .. 1 1 14 1 2 7 4 1 1 1 3 27 .. I 3 1 1 .. 8 1 1 6 5 4 1 1 i 1 2 19 7 5 I 1 3 28 5 1 11 6 6 6 l 1 Totals.. 85 0 5 2 1 1 1 101