FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD NOTES

Waikato Times, Volume XXXVII, Issue 3017, 14 November 1891, Page 5 (Supplement)

FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD NOTES

i'ciurVlN'l Ca Mr ( 'I. H 11 v, . M ml -qtj it; ,-r, wcii in

tu a cirifciiij-I\, «'iy tiiii ]-v M-! ic.! .a • ;n-ri''in'f > hi-. •Hi V.; i --i -I !• ini tin?, * h •«■ i • h sil", li-?:r, :i ■. ! t'liiV- jijv in for'ifvin ' iif «.f Ji,-. p

wnnns t Im* j --f i." ! f h<-M<h- ,) r-'HU'<lv — w pin ili' i'' n f '} ' 11 <• pi- iii' •• hy filV. lief tl.i- '-in l-uni/h-r- will •>> j1' i>: 1• ri " !.»• r-. of hii'L"- ml »•• ■■••Inpt m -\ - f 'in of t'tvrtiuir nil' pJuhl-u-U- iu i«»t iii'.-ii, t ikiiiir i! ; in! 111:11 two <,r mon: urn heirijr '•pi.'llcl ' nt ii tinio.—Au-tra-liiti R.-vi- w.

Nkw Zi.m.amj O.'.t-—ln tin' M'irk Lane ICxpri.v-i (July 1:;), tin: wiiur of •'Sarapli'B, by a M m of Mark Lam:," notes the arrival in 1.-ndmi of a ''liberal r:iiii"iyiiini'tit "f l.i.TKVjr of out", from New Z-alaml." :iml tin.* following wi'i.k

Sliy-I lII' III" ('"l'l'lll J'll'iillui't -of till! (lolnnv:— " I In' tilie <■ lirtiiilc anil '-oil of New Z''il.'in 1 "• ii :i I'll* tti n I enlonv to prnw in' only ii t-'iioil \ il l 1 of frruin (n tl'f.'K'ro, hut ti 1 -r, tu |ir-"iln I'O'h i_"i"'l u;h' ami quality bi-i.li-.s. Sen••••.•ly msr <>f th■ ■ Now Z ;i)nrnl • 11h ivoi rli! • Minn 4 n lb to tli° buslii-1, ami -omo wt?i;jh ISl'i. li'i.it week Loiuinn rpninrfil from N(»w Zealand 332Sqr of whp.it, -Ilooi|r of uut.t,3loqr of boiinn, and H:idqr of tiem*

Look Aftkk The Whkds —There aro pcnplo who prefer a weei ly crop to running till'risk of damairing the barley and outs, hilt it is quite! certain tlsn practice is a bail one, for ti hood r->>)

<rrow.s more quip.kly, nn«l :it 1m

work is (rot threueb birr when the ■.'rain does not Isv in ■ ■ nilui-t with wot or partially jhili'M wn <I<, whieh d images its colour si nil. "f i-..ur-.\ riiltw-s its valae, The I>U'l, I is t■ 1 ■ 1 :l(101" for years aftei wards Xo elf rl. should bo spar -dl-, -ret ii'i "f il"''ks. If tin; weather is wet there i- no time when they pull out belter ; ami if they will not pull on' by hand a stout, spud or a docking iron should be used, Thcro is ono form of weed-destroying often left, until the weeds have done all the injury they can before an effort is made to (■hock them ; it is the destruction of weeds in hedge rows. They arc of t en no!; cut until after harvest, mid the seeds have been wailed into tho fields. The hedges suffer serious]*', but th-re is another important reason whv th" weds -bould be cut d-wn early. It i- l»'(' "i"' of the i-rgot which infects sueh pi iees, and districts aro often e.onta liina'od .wiv from Mteh sources than from atr other.

CO-OPEU \TION A MO NO .ST TASMANIA* Fruit (iitoWKKs. -Writing in tl.e Ta — maniin, til" liev. K, 11. lhoiiii'-un Frmiklin, savs: and inilu-niial me 'tint;s of fruit urowis have been In Id in different part- of the ll.ion district during t.h" past few days, to hear tho statement from the manager of the V'ruitGrowers ■' 'Cooperative" Company, All tho most impoitant points connected with the indu-try re l"ttidi"d upon, ami that as niativ as ISO.OOO cases had been booked for shipment next season through tho company's hands. Everything that wag said proved conclusively Ih it it rests entirely in the hands of the growers to protect themselves, and they can only do that by co-operating to form one strong company. This has pradieally been already accomplished, and in many ways the satisfactory results were clearly evidenced. Arrangements are in process with the mail steamers, and ah-o with two other line- of steamers, who.-c boat s would in Home cases carry our fruit direct to murks I, nidi as Liverpool, which, slranpo as it may seem, trots through more fruit, every year than even London itself in the proportion of 3 to 1. It was also shown how V.y co-opeta ting together the ring of dealers in some of the other colonies had been inactieally broken down, owing to the large amount of fruit which was consigned through the company's hands, the management thus being able to compare the results obtained by the different, agents, and gradually narrow the number of those employed to such as proved to be tho most, reliable in all rospcets, .such as prices promptness in settling accounts, Miptdving market prices, tin. Hfavy FIiEFOEK.—" Brmii " in the Australasian: -"I have received a note of the shearing of some stud sheep, the propetty of Mr Georgeßiddock, of Winieripi station, 0 irling "river, New South Wales. Tho results of this shearing show what a wonderful change has taken place in sheep-fatming in that region, in which, I well remember, the pioneer floekmasters of Victoria used to allirm lliat it was hopeless to attempt the raising of merino sheen. Two years ago Mr IViddoeh purchased in Melbourne the champion ram Victor, and two stud ewes bred by Messrs M'Farland Bros , Barooga. These sheep were shorn lately, when the fleeces were 10 days short, Vif a 12 months' growth. Victor's fleece weighed 2-slb l'2oz, the champion ewe cut 101b ]ooz, and the other ewe's fleecc weighed 1 lib 12oz. Two of Victor's sons, bred at Winteriga, and shorn this season as twotooths, cut fleeces weighing —'Jib 12oz and 2'2lb These weights show that the Thmoga sheep will yield as heavy fleeces in the dry hot climate of the Darling as ill tho more temperate region and richer pastures of Barooga. W hat is still more t.o Victor's credit is that two of his sous bred on the Darling should yield such exceptionally heavy'fleec's as two-tooths. Tiik Frozk.v Meat Tuadk. — The London prices for frozen meat have been not. at all satisfa"tory for some time, and shippers nill, I am afraid, find that account sales will net a much less pvicc than could have been obtained locally at the time of shipment. It appears Irom the reports that the trade has heeu overdone, and stocks have been accumulating for several months. Not. only are all the warehouses cammed full, but a good many ships are also detained in the Thames for the sole purpose of keeping stocks of mutton frozen. In consequence of the eongeste 1 state of the Lonuou frozen meat market some of the large colonial buyers and shippers luvo ceased operations for a mo'ith or two, and this has also slightly affected the local value of good freezers. In fact, the buyers of fat sheep for local requirements are really giving more than buyers for export, which shows most nnmistakeably the available supply of fat sheep cannot be very considerable. I fancy some of those who were in such a hurry to ship away the primest lambs of t.hrir flocks, i; respective of sex, tempted by the prices then offering,would be very 'jlad to get their ewe lambs hack again at. the net price ihey are hkely to tret from Home. (Hago has not. been quite so rash in this respect us other centres, hut I believe Canterbury is quite bare if all kinds of crossbred sheet) but breeding ewes and ho.'gots, Such a tbiiiL'asa two, four, or r-ix-tooth wither is not to lie seen. It. follows then that freezing will h ve to be susp, nd< d thcro for a time to all >w of the breeding up of the floelc . Putin r ihepist, winter largo numbers ef merino wethers w re put to fatten on 'uruiiis failing other sorts, and have been selling when fat at prices which a year or twi ago would have been thouuht very good for the 'nest crossbred mutt hi. There is every probability, ah things considered, of sheen maintaining ti good price for a year or two, notwith'

~ -ji . ■ ci mini eill!fnni.. ■ '•* 1' •!!••>■ i- |.. I'll •-.] n < many as pnssi!'!.' .11: ! ,'.v a - much f, .:<! p r >-- >.jljl. fur ;! mitii with more tlein Inr:in It: ■ p Tut rnue'i eleiriee T■» *elt at thi' (up iif tin' market, and his nece.-sity mav Iw .'mother man'- i mportunity.— " AL'l'ii'o!:i '' in ()<afT'i Witness. Thk CiM.TtvATii'N "!■' Wiikat.—Many , . i '.'iys ill," Au-tri'; in) r-onelndn inrnifc. i>,,. ... ~ u mwi Hi,til!" 'Tl 1,1 I: !i -1!■ (I until I lip \Yi ,1. 'I'* 1 r " -.»in V ' I'iiji In." I hoy ' ' 'i '''iy' K r li.'iy. nnthinir FIIV, ir.-mm ' t timo comes ro-r- l • with it i.tit,! t,.. , V f>ll for for "t ''.ii }! it of:- ItwoiiKihb HU'll fariMl's r-. remrnili"!' how much bei ri livirned dnriiiL' rcf'tif yours lipon tlin Hil,i"'t I,f Ij.viii:.' oultivnti-iii. 'I'lio mo'-t \vln at<.'i'ov.Trp Invo ffund that i ai, dm"' \iy ond In.n"v. i.:'.i i ri'U'i'ti' tli" irrnwth of the crops. K"!!ii)'-' Irndi tn bn nV the rinds, j )r ,..,q th" soil about the irrowintr plants, and bv kci-rinif the surf ice fmm Mttin;..', i.l.ri .■ il' • ■ M'ni'e.-s of cvapnrati -n. Ilnr-i-,^,*!it' t • , is a still mr.ro < 'V. ctii'il niot- ],,,(] ot ]■!' liioiini: tin' srrowth of nrwps, ;ini! I>it 11 of the-n proco.i should bn ~..i-i'i- d The succ fruito111\vrr ii'iUivatps between tie rows nf ti,,s to !{, rn the soil moist, mid the irrain i' c;n enllivato wiMi the harrow Wi:li'.-nt <iii\* il'ititrerof ii /uvin? his crop. I•(-11 j •:;< , .mil l's b.'ivi jiroved that a Tl i i> , '-mi bo liair iwe'l with safety .jt i ui.'.' in hi'isrht. and a inoi. '- iii: is sutlieient to show t|... ! Ijx. (■ I"', > will ;/re:illy 1 euefit by tho i,|' tiie harrow upon thn surfien .jI. When the rainfall has been liirhi, (1 ,• I'loilnuui' of eonsci'vinif the avail;i!,':i. - ipo'v of moisture is of special in' u.o'it, anil when there have been heavy nil'- the s'li fm'" i" in sja'ci■>) need of stirriii;r to ]ii-' venl cakinj.'.' and consequent ra'ti'd oviip'iritlup. The fnii* woath; r HfiorJs favourable opportunities for rollin:: iind h:n rowinir, the spiimr cnltivation will I■■■:t tn j .1, re'-v-.-irdeu at harvest. Tilt-: Coi.si. Xuisa.nck.--A drove 15n«-h •i tl!i r naim'd Clomenl Ha.-burn appeared bi-i'iii '' th" U.M., Invern iryill, on Toursday, at tli'; instance of the Southland tWuniy C'nneil, to an-'wer a rliargo of liavit':? ii- :li i• *"d in obey an ord'-r issued by f ,1 I idy on the 7th nf May last I'Pijuiiinif him to grub up and remove gorso from the road in front of his pre.perry. The dcfendimt admitted that the work was not, completed,—Mr Wade, wlio appeared for the council, said that T. 1.0 lit u lel.ait l.'ul allowed irorse to cncroai'h from his section on to tho rood to sii'di ;in exlcnt that triiflie had l-een inl.'i f, m d with, and alfhoimh he hnd recri'.i il !!'■ <|ui -iit iiotiec lie had failed to take ..(lii'fiw! sf'ps to abate tho nu'sa ee. Tin' ru ili r i-sui'd reqnireil him to grub tip and i' inovo tiio n-orse extending' from the front of hi.-, s' citon to the cc; tr» of the road, and wlif;re such orders were not c.n i'a d mil within a month from service ol'in i ice lb" P'. vson served was liable to a j cn.-lty ii«>t exieedintr CI for every day fh'-i'.-u'Tli r d'lU'i'.i::' which such neglect i ui;li:i:i! .1 --K.viiknee 111 support of t'.'.e (liin e u p as givi-u by H. P. MaeOoun (rouuly ii r!,-), W. S". Miller (inspector t f i-iri'l<). .1. .U'Ki'llni' (ralioit inspeetoi'). and .1. Civni (farmer\ from which it iijipt a r,'] ;!iat tho gorse had not only i,i'-li !!•",( u the thoroughfare lint had I'oi in-'1 a liarbour for rabbits.—Defendant bad, it appeared, mowed down a (piautity of tho gorse almost level with the road, bat .- veral of the witnes-es stated that i' would be sis bad as eypr in a, Loupleof niotillis or so.—Defendant said that he tlimig'hl. the notice was a general fine, and that it would not be acted on iimin diat; ly, ,'ind he hnd therefore taken liiiirr time ii;,ui he would otherwise have done. lie was cutting the gorse, and trntli'' was not interfered with.—His Worship said that tho defendant would be fined £'.! 1 Is and costs, £2 9s or £5 in all, which was a very light penalty compared to what ho had rendered liimself liable to. The gorso woull have to bo grubbed up as poon as possible.—Tho fine and costs were pai l.—Southland Times.

I.h Son. iNKXHArsTim.K Tho Ain«ricrm Agriculturist asks this question ami then proceeds t-> answer it. It says that practically the p..il cannot ho entirely cxhaii-tcd. rui! fhif is how it. argues the point: Ono foot in depth of a fairly good agricnltiual snil contains per n»re 40001b of phnsplmie fi'-id, RO'lol b of potash, K.POOUi of nitrogen, lime, magnesia, *•!■!, «lilo*ii»«>, .oilplmr, and silica. Hi" oil Inn to afTonl food for fill the ere; ; v." 1j 1 ."- 1 1 the thiv" chief elements, phosphoric :i• ill, potash, Mid nitrogen, r u feed. Then, says this paper, aft i' fanners hv rirefnl and .skilful i■ ii!i i)'i-Hi hav" exhausted all this great 1, vv . pianf. foil in V.<>; uppermost foot of lii" 1 ! . which will require several eciitui ii -tc . .n.p'i-h. will the soil he exlutlMri! • ' :•( all. -- 1 s tie: lnnd is gradually ■ • Into vegetable gvonth and th ■ m,t o >-• p mov i! in the shape of crops, as ten "> ■. on (he subs >i!, which contains tin' . - <!i :n< 11! ■;. conies info play, for a - th.' i\ar" <<:' Ibe land sinks and eulliva!! i goes ua tee subsoil must ho gradual!. ) r night i:ji. \nd -n it. goes on, iit-1 nciy :;o „„ ,luring 1 1;o ages to et me. " A!i thai nan has to do." saj'H the Auiiaietiii i-t, '' is to use his arts ill eonjuii'M'- i will, science to develop this latent 1 i iility uf tlia soil, and to go on feeding !' e hum m v;i"" until the end of time, if tii tid of time shall ever come, when the earih -hail no longer exist us a fit hahifn'iou for man." Nothing'is said in the above about manures, for the reason, I suppose, that, they do not add t.o tin ■ aei nil i'omtitucnts of the soil, bnt merely si iomlaie theai into more activity and fertility. The theory above given, that as the ni'faee soil is e.iten up, so to speak, hv i ..nsi mt, growth of vegetation the sub:oil will step into the breach, may apply to la a 1 that has a .strong subsoil, hut how about shallow land that has only a toe! of soi . upon a bed of sand and shingle r in this ease the nor'wester;. will blow away the soil much faster Ihnn crops will eonsnmo it, and therefore listlil. soil will be noil est in less than a cent my.