MR BOWRON ON DAIRY FARMING.

Waikato Times, Volume XXIII, Issue 1931, 20 November 1884, Page 4

MR BOW RON ON DAIRY FARMING.

The following is a full report of a lecture on daity fanning reco.itly delivered by Mr Row ion, Insfcjtoi ofßiiij Faotoiies, at N.ipior • — Theie is m tho fit^t place one iom.ukablo fact cmini'c ted with cveiy distuot ■vvheio dan y pwnluce is m.i'iuf.ictuied, and it is tins— -we Know of no foieign country, nor ,inv sbheinthe I Tutted Kingdom, that, having imci! engaged in dan v ing business, has ovei bad leason to wtsji fm a change. lu fact it ii niht the opposite, aseveiy aoio of waste land is chained, cultivated, and laid under contribution to keep more cows. In England, the lecent yens so f it,>l to the growth of com and sluvp pioduced no visible change upon tlio d.my fai nis Be it wet <n dry, cloud or sunshine, thiough nil dunging seasons of the year, the cow feeds and yields milk, and the d.uty opeiations piocecd as lcgul uly .is the dawn of day. Ft is only a little o\ci thnfcv yen-, since tlio Amenc'iiis began tlieiv dany co-operation .system, and now they hue near 3000 factiuie-). Thou rapid progiesj, is the man el of the age. Now tlie great question in eveiy now cnteipiisr- is, " Will it pay v " The lapicl development of the Aineucan co-opciatne piniciple pioclanns to the ■\\ odd with no faltoung \oice that it lenlly dod pay. Last year the Danish (foveuinient \otcd £7000 to build a factoiy fitted ii)i with e\eiv iinpio\einont, whoie the young Danes me to be taught the best methods of lnanufaetunng butter. The dany farmei* in England, with one muted \oice, s,\y tlieie is no method of fanning pays like the cow. We need not speculate on advanced piob.ibihties, but tike the stern logic of facts winch some of the Xovv Zealand f.ictones li.uo placed bcfoieus. lidendalo Kictory was the hist to connnence operations in tlio colony. The whole pioduee of the factory was bold to tlie niei chants of Dunedin at lenmneiativepuces — cheese at ~>\d pei lb, buttei at Is 3d pel lb, and poik at "id por lb. Tho faiincisvvho sup[)hed milk weie paid £<> 10s per cow, and some £B— calf, pig, and milk consumed at home not valued. Tlie faimeis s.iy it does pay, and believe that by a judicious selection of cows it will pay much better in the futuie The Ashbmton Factory was the second m the colony to commence business, 'ind theie aic many m ftiuctivc lessons to bo di ih'ii fioui the le "poitof last season's opiiations. The factoiy was open "Jh weeks , 27<> cows supplied the milk at 3d pel gallon, tnd the .ueiage quantity fiom eacii cow dunng L'S weeks was US gallons, fm which the f.uincis ieceived m cash £"> 10n t'M) weeks' milk added to the Sunday nnlk kept at home bunging U]) the avenge of eich cow to £7 at least. About 4l> tons ot Ciieddai cheese weie mide at a cost of ,;,d pei lb. The cricitest poition of this cheese was sold in London ac puces tanging fiom 7d to cid pei lb, so it a-, clear that the l!S week ' piodueo of 271) cow-,, had it been sold in London, would have piodiued VJIUO, niiiiu-. tho expends Then we !i no the inteieiting icpoit fiom the Wukito fictoiv Tins f ictoiv was open fm the loception of milk HJ weeks, uud th" f uiuei* weie paid Id per yallon. Some of the fiu.iei- lcceived J J7 10s pei cow, and otlieisovei !>' One taunoi ni.ule butt"i at home of hi- Smidiy milk, and hold it f"t L'JO Tins ))i')ii'dit up the aveiage of his cow- to <-J,s l.<- All aie satisfied with tin pi-l n l ult-. md feel connd'lit thii. they ein nul i tin fi.tmv pi\ bettei in th" luh'H \<>\> tikeihe o>penence of m old c'ligh h f mum one who has luanuf.u tun ddu t -e on his own u count, and m iddilion (o tint hi- vwited »\ety jiait <if 111 1 ' wo. Id when '1 in V piodcce is niaiiufaifiiied fi/i the London iii.u k( („ ."uj object w i toll, Mil the mo-J modem 11M jiiovenients, md to puiihi-c of then jimduco what T\ould nit 1 1 (he d<Mu inds of the tnde. .M v hi-t uupies-ion-, :ift»»i .uiivini' in tins c ilom weie th.it I\ow Zealand was l,h" finest countiv. in the woil'l for the manuf.ictnie or dan v pioduco, and I nny -a\ that e\ei \, thing J hen and hee in my ti. iv els deepens myhi-t impulsions. Weie I aXov\ /edind fumei my ] lan of opeiations would bj simple L should build i tacloiv, and milk as in. my cows a,m> estito would cany-say 1000. Iftvt t oi thiee of my lßighbonis felt di-,-jwi-ed fo loin ma i slionld have no objection--, belli v ing tli' 1 pioiect would ne foi the inutu il bciiftit of all The condition-, we should anauge siti^f utonly at the coiinncnceincnt. Tlie hist ten weeks, with the aid ot tho cie.un --epuatm, we should make buttei : all that would not be lequned heie bemg sent to London. One gi e t ad\«intigo minikin-, buttei duung the hist ten v eeks would be the sknn milkto ii\n the cal\e- \»ith Otuin^ the liottf3st jnnuths of sunm.ei we --hould make huge Chcdd.ii cheese, fiom l>olb u]) to 1001b. Then m the autumn, and tlnough the wiutei, wt --lioiild m.'ke butlei foi colonial |i.upn i -Ps. md tin ])ll(i' would ]ie\i'i b" below l-.M pel 11) \\ h''li bel<>,\ that pnci" 1 it would lo to Ijou'lou. Siuh would be mv pi m of conducting i dmy factoi\, and if I could not make my cows cleat me €10 cif'i (Jli.it is, adding calf- j icanng and piu- feeding), 1 slumld be sti ingi'lv di> i|)|iointed Xow look it the m.rttei tiom a tompaiativo iioint of \iew. I hive not met with one f.iiiiiei m Xew Zoal.ind who can --a1)a 1 ) th it the pie-i nt method of fanning pa»s. Tlu'v h.ivo any .iiuount of f.uin pioduee ot the finest qualitv, but no inaikct foi it when le.uh. AVlieat dehvi'ied in London at 's()s pri fpiattei cannot p.u. Fattened In. Hocks foui veils old ,it L"i each means nun. in llugl.ind the Hock m istets -iy "Sheep walk m golden shppcis, but 1 am afraid ■\oui -. have to v alk m dullci metal. One gentliMiiau suit .i Luge i|iiintity to London, and the shiip sold at "id ]>ei lb, the cot amounting to \'j\ lie closed Ins book .mil -.. id. ' This won I, p. iv, I shall si nil no inoie." 1 have liown the value of tin 1 u>w fi mil tin 1 f icloiK -> ; the lovc-t jjiic; is «.") 10-, tin h'gliL-t ,i little ovoi t^ Kci p i bullock fom \i ,is,,i'id then lie i- -old foi '.'"> Ids. I'l.ue a cow in Ins plui>, and nnlk hn fom m ,n -, and s]) ( > will bi imr von l! y, v ith e dves and ]iu's to pay foi milking. The-e ate niatteis foi considci.ition and di eision. Thi ie i- anothei m.ittia which fie(|Uent!y ciops up at f iriueis meetings, A\\d tli.it h what amount of < heesn mav we e\]iect fiom ,i given fjii.mritY of milk ' It is genei ally calculated m Kaigland that 101b of milk v\ ill pioduee lib of chee>e. We have the lesult of fmu f u touts m Xew Ze.dai'd, and the Waikatn facto) y pioduced J-)o/ of cheese fiom 101b of milk, Ash bin ton, lib of inaiket.ible cheese funn lO'.lb of nnlk : Temuk i, fiom 1 lib of milk, pioduceil J7jO/ of cheese At Kdetid lie, aftei then thee-e was sold and weighed, the\ found thu) iuitl about -I00')!b of olu'e-.e o\ei ilu 1 nunibei of g llloiis ot milk dehveicd at the factoi\. .'vfuch depends ujiou the quality ot the milk, but mote upon the w,iy the ctud is handled in the m uiufactuiuig piocnss. When the whey is thick and ciniidv, and inns wlntn fiom the pi ess, 1 J( 3 Miiotheioii oni. 'thin 1 ' wio'r,', and it is foi the managpi to find out the c.iu-e and aj)]il\ the leiiKHh , \v Inc h is not ,i duluult i.isk. The jjciccntige of cieun in Xew Ze dand vanes (oiisiduabh, i, inking fiom 1) pel (.fill, toll )>ei cinl '''hen* is onu f.u ti>iy winch will not (,ikr milk in when below 10 pu ct nt. Time i anothei nnjioilmt (jiictjon ficqui ntli askid. v i/ . vhiie sli.ill we f ■ iid .i niuk(t foi mn jiioducf 1 ' Wo weie in hopes th.a \.usti,di:i ■\\ mild oljei ,i line opening foi chit^o, but Ik i inai kits have ihm n tiud this >i.u md have pm\ed a faihue Tin heavy dut^ md contingent expensi , lendi-i tho An-, ti.ihau inaiket woit'nli-s foi chei se Miitter for Sidney will occasionally ]).iy, while India and Ofnn.i miv take small quantities of n certain class of goods. London is the only maiket weha\e to lely U))on foi taking a quantity, and the question is, what kind of cheese do wo lcquno to make to meet the demands of that maiket.' Some aiguoitinust belike the Amciican, but a gieatci mistake cannot be made. J low can Xew Zealand compete with 3000 factoiiPs in Ameiicj, that can ship at a cost of X ;J 10s pei. ton, while fiom New Zealand it is til 10^. "\\ e must make what the American cannot— Cheddar and double (Ilouccster. All the London merchants agjee that tin 1 si/e of Cheddai cheese should b n fiom (>oup to S4lb. weight, :\nd if of 1001b. still butter. Ulnucpstcr clic'hi 1 aie much sm iller, -xnd about 2Slb. ib the best size, or what are called in the irade >1 to the cv\t. ; 1 j inches acioss, and about 4^, deep is the pmper si/c. Only make the proper si'/e and quality, and we have nothing to fear. Meichants. front the midland counties ha\e sent their cuds, being desirous to test the inaiket«, and one l.u ge factor, to show hissincenty-and his faith in Xew Zealand pioduce, piuchased und .sent out a number of vats to pieba and mould ' the proper si^e foi then county inaiket"?. Wlieie theii cheese used to be made the milk ih sent to London, mid he concludes that Xew Zealand cheese will take their place. One glance at the butter tiade of London n .sufficient to .show its magnitude. It U n.)t quantity, but quality which gets the piice. When the meichants buy inferior grades it is- because they cannot {jet the good. The world's great city, with itv teeming millions, and its annual increase of 100,000, requires for all jiurposos (/,009,0001b

of butter every week, and the perpetual ciy is for more. Now Ido sincoiely hope tiiat N(!\v Zealand will lubpoml to that cry, and meet the ever-mci easing demand. It is (Ins demand winch stimulates Ameiiea and othei countries to make butter ontof gioaso .ind tillow. L speak sincerely when 1 -iytli.it Now Zealand never -had 'si fmoi nppmtuiuty. You li.no only to step m with ship loads of your lino buttei, and otlici countries may keep their giease •uid " bosh 'at home. To give you .111 ljlea of uh.it liutisli ti.ido in dany pioduco is, look .i. the figuii's. Ameiici iecei\esi at tin* hands of JOngl.uid foi d.iiry piod|:c<: *r>,000,000 annually ; Holland £1,1/00,000; Fiance. Denmaik and H.voden, mer 'J 1,000,000 ; and the J^n^hsh domestic foi her own dairies is £40,000,000. Kifly-tlnci' millions for dany produce is a l.ujji* sum, and if the crowds of pniohaseis u ill not 1 r >iite to us \\ e must send to them. One million cows m "hngland produce tl 1,000,000 annually, and what is done in Midland may he done in New Zealand. Your toi ntory 111 sizo is equal to that of the United Kingdom, has a climate vastly supmoi, and for mutual daiiy purposes second to none in the woild. One million cows is a small matter con sideling 1 the iesouites.it your command, ( and upon the lowest calculation their annual produce would bi> seven millions sterling! How quickly the cow would snuff out the paltiy national debt, about which so much is said ,viid wntton '! Tlhmo is another impoifc.mt <iuesti<in fuMjuently asked--wh.it bieed of cows would yon leconmiend for dairy purposes, ? Fn England the question is what hi eed of cows suit your climate and pa^tuies? The WeKh, Scotch, and Tiish cows aie small, hardy cattle, which feed on higli. coaisi> pastmes, and will thiive on mshes and heather where some bieeds would stanc. Upon this point theie is no (jucstion. Any bieed of cows, fioui anyp.ut of tho woild, will thiive and do well in New Zealand. (To he continual.)

It is not an uncommon thing for Turks to smoke fiom sixty to eighty pipes of tobacco daily. An old follow went to dine at a chophouse, iind after waiting some minutes, gmffly asked the waiter — "How long will my chop he v " " About five inches, sir '" was the loply. An Imperial Oeeree has been issued, announcing the paiden by the C/ar of foity-two Nihilists \\\\o has been condemned to exile in Xibcua, and cominuting the punishment of seventy-three otheis. A conference of the great powers in icgatd to tlio Congo countiy it about to bo held. It was originated at the instigation of Bismarck, and if it can only agiee upon conclusions it i*, bound, to be of gicat sei\ice all lon ml. A large measine of bad blood hasot late been engendered between the nations in icgan! to tins Congo couutiy It is a iieh ltgion populated l»y a peopli 1 , and it-, tiade is veiy valuable. 'Iheieby, tlieiciipnn and theieto hangs the leason of all the tiouble. Knocks \M> Fr,Lici's — In the Aigentine and Uiuguay Republics of South Amciica ai' Ml-, 000, 000 sheep, winch pioduccd last yeai L'7 !,.V>(), 000 pounds ot wool -an auiaye ol 2.1)2 pounds per head. Of tins, the United States took 15, .500 bdli-N, the louuindiM L'omg to Kngland and the Lontinent ot Kuiope. MumJiiMini, Mww i i,T;, in an mteicting letter to the 'Jihui, aigueo that m'v jial of the Austialasian colonies have been most unfoi tunate in the names they have had eonfcned upon them, and that the piesent tune is opportune tor le-naimng these temtoues in a mannci inoie national, moie haunonious, and moie woi thy of legions destined to play a conspicuous part m future history. The name of New Zealand excites his particuhi axeision. "Why New Zealand?"' lie asks 'What is Old Zealand' An ob-.ciuij comer ot an obscure ioieign countiy in Euiopc. If it be desned to pieseive the woid Zealand— -and its etymology is not iuappiopiiate to Ocean Land — call it Zi aland ia, tall it Cheat Zealand, anything but New Zealand. Theie i» much to be said in fa\om of the classic torms ending in 'a ; ' aheady we have Tasmania, Victona, Australia itself, to say nothing ot Ameiiea, Austiia, and man)' mote. >So Zc.ilandia might do, but bettei still — the-e islands are neaily all antipodeal to (!ient Bntam, they are almost uli ntn.nl w ith Bnt.nn in area, their elm. ate is a l>nti-,Ji climate gloufied, they ate destined to be occupied by a people of essentially British lace and type — why not call the gioupJNew 73titani, or even South l>iitain '' ' Tjifc London coi respondent of the New Yoik Stai Milks — "What a wild scampei is the last new valse. The various couples dash and tear through it, and after two or tin ce lounds come to a breathk st> stop, seai let and gasping for bieath. Tlieie aie but few who can dance a quick \alsewitn tine giace, ami those few do not always succeed m finding congenial paitneisr. The consequence is a scene of wild contusion, which to an uninitiated onlooker, must savour of bedlam. A few couples still practice thr " chandelier eiaw 1, " en cling lound and round beneath a gioup of light with a languid rhythm and gottmy heal tily detested by the rushnig couples in whose way they get. Apiopos of the French world, I may mention that it is now highly unfashionable in London to speak or wnte the woul in its Kngli'-h fonn, "waltz." The cotillion leigns, especially in the houses of those hostesses who like to find themselves some modicum of tame by the beauty and costliness of their cotillion gifts. Such a height has this sort of ad\eminent of one's wealth and generosity nowieachedth.it an unwiitten law hai come into ioice in the best circles, by which it is enacted that only floweis may be given in the cotillion, and that costly gifts come under the category of vulgai show. A lecent numberof the Pall Mall Gazette contains a veiy interesting sketch of the cuheitihing methods employed by Messis. A. «fe R Peais mauufactiueis of Peais' Soap. This iii in spends yearly, in calling public attention to its waies, fiom <?K30,000, to SJOO.OOO, and is regaided as one of the most extensive as well as one of the most onginal adveitiscis in the woild. 1 1 does an immense business and employs o\ ei one thousand bands. The I'eais have been maniifactui ing soap foi fom goneiations past, and their great success is due to the eneigy, persistency and skill A\ith wlucli they ha\e kept tlicu pioducls befoie the public mind, as well as to (.he fact that they pioduced an ai tide, which, when tested, always gave satisfaction and made a pation. The pi cent e\tensive use of Peais' Soap is an lllu&Ualion of what judicious advertising can accomplish. Hop Bitters ai e the Purest and Best Bittors Ever Made. They aie compounded fiom Hops, Malt, Jmchu, Mandiake, and Dandelion, —^the oldest, best, ami most \aluable medicines in the woild and contain all the best and most cut ative properties of all other lcinedies, being the greatest Blood Purifier, Liver Regulator, and Life and Health Restoring Agent on earth. No disease or ill health can possibly long e\ist where these Bitters are used, so varied ond perfect are their operations. They give new life and vigor to the aged and infirm. To all whose employments cause irregularity of the bowels or urinary organs, or who require an Appetizer, Tonic and mild Stimulant, Hop Bitters are ' invaluable, being highly curative, tonic ami stimulating, without intoxicating. No matter what >our feelings or symptoms are, what the djsease , or ailment is, use Hop Bitters. Don't Wait until you .arc sick, but 'if you only feel bad or miserable, use 'Hop Bitters at once. It may save your life. Hurtdreds have been saved by so ' doing*. * ' £500 will he paid for a case they will not ciire or, help. ' ' ' " ';"■ ; Do not suffer or let 3'our friends suffer, but use and uige them to use Hop Bitters. ' ' ' ' ' Remember, Ho£ Bitters is ''nd "v^le. drugged,' i drnnkeiv nostrum, but v the' 'Purest and Best Medicine ever made ; the " Invalid's Friend and Hope," $,nd no person or family should be.'; without jtheiu. Try the 'Bitters fco-day.f/ Get at Chpmiats or Druggitfs,. [ „,.,„■ y • /;'j ,