DAIRY MACHINERY.

Waikato Times, Volume XVIII, Issue 1532, 29 April 1882, Page 4

DAIRY MACHINERY.

In is instriict|yejfto*notice how rapidly steam power J&Snd Virhachinery are supeiseding manual laßduYin almost every department of industry..; Tjhe cool precints of the dairy, it might be thouglit, would be last place to. be invaded by the steam giant, but handworking the products of the dairy is already v6ted obiolete by the more advanced butter and, cheese' r maker* r At the last show, of the Royal Agricultural Society, there Svasj| jv^oVking i dairy "on the ground, fitted 'up with all the appliances ' necessary for butter making on the English, Continental and American systems. Experts were employed to carry out the different processes' during s'eVcfal hours a djtiy, and in order that the public might have the benefit both of theory and practice, Dr, Voelcker was engaged .to deliver a short lectuf-e every day on the principles of butter-making. The working dairy was a conspicuous object on the show ground at Derby. The planning and arrangement of the'buildirig was" entrusted to a small Committee of the Council, but Committee received able "assistance from the Managing Director of the Aylesbury Dairy Company. The, dairy was! ,a great attraction to visitors during the t \vhole time of the show, but considering ' that the weather was very warm, it is probable that they were drawn there quite as much by the refreshing coolness of the building as by the thirst for instruction. A "ten-horsepower engine, required for working the machinery, stood in the centre of the building, but wag separated from the two ends by boarded partitions, and a passage with a doorway at either end divided the two parts of the building. One of these divisons' was devoted to cream separators, and ah exhibition of ebce&e making fiom skim milk on the German system ; the other' was the "dairy." At the right end a galvanised tank gave a constant supply of hot water for the cleansing of vessels, and a tap connected with the main 1 gave a supply of cold water. At the other end of the dairy were two brick built and cemented tanks, in which the milk,' set upon the American and Danish systems, whs placed each day, and front which much of the cream used for churning was obtained. The cream separating machinery was a most interesting part of the exhibition. The separators' usdd wore the Laval, the Lefeldt and the Neilsou-Peteioen, being respectively of Swedish, 1 German, and Danish invention. These machinca aflcml mi expeditious method of separating the cream from the milk in large quantities. The Laval separator is the most widely known of the three, it having been v fir3t exhibited.it Kilbnrn in 1871). The separation of the milk fiom the cl'cun is in all cases the result of gravitation — the cream globules being of less density than the watery parts of the milk, rise to the surface. The natural process h slow and the use of the separating machines is to expedite the work by submitting the milk to rapid centrifugal motion which causes the heavier ingredients to bo thrown to the outside of the circle, while the cream occupies a central position clo^o loundthc axis of rotation. With the Laval machine, the milk as it co.nca from the cow is p "Hired into a spherical Vessel about 10m in diameter, which, encased in CiT-t-iion, lot'itcs at a velocity of between 6000 and 7000 revolutions a minute. Separation takes place instanteon.'ly. The heavier portion, or skim milk, is tin own to the outside of the vessel, and forced up a bent perforated pipe and delivered into two block tin trays, which are provided with an outlet pipe. The cream, which remains' near the centre, rises round the outside of thejnlet pipe, and delivers itself into a tintray situated above the milk tray, where it is discharged through an outlet pipe. The rotating vessel and shaft are of forged stell, in one piece, tested by a pressure of 250 atmospheres. Among other machinery used was the Embree butter-worker, a very simple and efficient contrivance, by which handworking is avoided. It consists of a revolving circular table, sloping from the 1 centre to the circumference, on which the butter is placed and pressed by a- fluted roller .turned by hand. The expressed moisture flows by gravitation to a channel round the edge of the table, and runs away by an ' opening provided lor the purpose. The attendant keeps moving the butter to the roller with a, couple of wooden beaters, and in a short time the butter-milk is fill squeezed out, and the buttteris fit to make up, It is obvious that the machines are destined to supersede the old-fashioned method of handworking, and apart from the quostion of efficiency, it ia very desirable that an article like butter should be handled as little as. possible.. A butter-worker for factory uty was also exhibited. ~ It la defici'lliei-t as a hv<M } open, oit'cultti', wooclml tub, With I'uvoMhu bout wooden nviiiS iiuskfet whiyh tliOl'Oujlbiy Wdrit iuul mix the butter. It ts capable of Working lewtof butter in a quarter of an hour, itiltl id principally used by large dealers in taking the salt otlt of firkin uutter, or Hiking thoroughly the butter fl'diil bevei al dailies A' milk-weighiiig machine was exhibited and much used during the show. It affords a quicker and ntore accurate way of ascertaining quantities than measuring. These are only a few of the leading features of the dairy exhibition at Derby, but they are sufficient to show that dairying is a highly progressive industry, and it is obvious that if colonial farmers intend to compete with the dairy farmers of other countries they must provide themselves with the best appliances and also make themselves acquainted with the most advanced methods, otherwise success is out of > the question. New Zealand dairy farmers have gieat natural advantages, but they are heavily handicapped by distance from consumers. , The freezing process may bring them within reach of the best markets, but one great desideratum is a good and uniform article' produced by the least expensive "Means. — Oaiitvrbio'ij Tintrv, ■

Befokk marriage she" was dear, and lie was her treasure ; but afterwards she became clearer, aucl ho treasurer. ' 'JIUR consumption of tobacco in England during the lost 40 years has steadily increased. In 1840 the quantity 'manufactured was 22,57G,(5411b., being at the rate of 'S(slb per head of population. In 1579 the total was 49,1 74,07211), or equal to l;411b per head. 1 The new puvo cash system now being initiated by G. and' C. will , certainly prove l a benefit to the public. I> h.fs' been a great success in Sydney and Melbourne, and when strictly , carried out the customer who buys at an establishment _ where the goods are marked low to ensure a rapid sale must be a ffrnat gainer, p. and C. sell their drapery, millinery, and clothing at such prices for cask as gives the buj cr the advantages . of a shareholder in a co-operative socjety, without thctisk of being ctil'ed upon to' bear a'portion of the Iqss should $he j ear's business prove unsatisfactory. Garlick and Cranwell jvill ami to retain the confidence which the public h.i^e hithcrto^hov^n them, andi arc determined to give 'the pure cash system fair trial I'whcther 1 they^airiqr lohc thfe first year Country buyers on remitting- caahvwitbordci will - be supplied with ggpds at co-opcratvc prices ; ; just thp same although, they, made apersonalfle- , lection. "'Furrtjshtnff- ferdods,' such as carjief^ 'tfloijrrclotusi hod&fißa4«riicrpcfdio^v4p4)«encra< house furnitiw;e,;^l}c'Jarg%t portion of which is turned outsat 'our own factory, willbe matkejd at the lowest remunerative prices, and a discount of five get cent., will be allowed to.those whp play at the time of purchase. ' o,'and Gi haviagvealised entiriyl'aluc»f tllcir stock Idil';ingrftlfcit| late* cash sale, tho.pjesrt t afpA i« NKV^^iApi^j. jipocajT.r-An inspection invited.— Garlick AKpi • GkJiMvbi.c, City Hjtf I Famishing 4r9»4ft QuQcsfr <tre.et, Auckland,. . '