FARM AND GARDEN.

Wairarapa Daily Times, Volume XV, Issue 4461, 4 July 1893, Page 2

FARM AND GARDEN.

JULY. Attention h the garden with various as the seasons succeed. Aapuraguf, ,< sea kale, Jerusalem artichokeß, rhubarb, horse radish, shallots, and potato'onions should now bo no longer neglected. Broad beans and a first showing of peas may also bo made choosing a light and dry soil, _' andawarm situation, The earliest potatoes may now be planted, and, if carefully tended, so as to pi event injury from lato Irosls, will, bytbeir earlineaa, amplyropHy all irojHat may attend a crop season. Loso notime in bringiug pruuing, traiuing, and planting to a conclusion, Always ohooso; mild weather for planting, and on no account bring frozen earth around the roots; many failures in newly planted tree? may bo attributed to this, and one of tlio

greatest mistake} amateurs fall into with regard to planting is planting too deep. Ihe collar, or point on the stem whenoe all the roots divide, should be just beneath the ground, Naturally the roots creep along immediately below, the surface. The violation of this natural law, particularly hi stiff retentitive .soils, bring about, "canker" in a few years, and the tree shortly, languishes and dies. Particular attention is drawn to this matter; care should also bo taken that no warm or hot manure cornea into contact with the roots of tbe

trees. Professional nfanfera" VXfrfftfj Trench well, manure the land and the trees will grow themselves. "^^ This contains much of truth; the after management of the trees, when once a vigorous growth is established, being a simple matter. In the flower garden the foregoing remarks on fruit trees J aro equally applicable to the shrubs and ornamental trees. Finish planting Spring flowering bulbs ,and push on with

late flowering sorts, such as Gladioli, and various kinds of lilies, &o, Abundance of work will come on with lengthening days, and everything that can possibly be done now should be proceeded with.- All alterations, additions, and improvements should be completed as soon as possible, so as to have everything in readiness for sowing and planting out in Spring.— Exchange. " Agricultural Jottinqs, Do not forget to have salt water whero the bees can get it, ■ Salt is necessary for them as for any other of your stock, and if not accessible, they will look for it in undesirable places.

In Franco the land is broken up into small sections and around each little farmstead may be seen a goodly number of poultry, These are mostly looked after and regularly fed at fixed hours each day by the farmer's wife.

To make poultry keeping a failure, one process is to keep HXUAtfB through the winter tri aho'uiio none too large for half that number, and allow the poultry droppings to accumulate in the fowl house, for weeks at a time. -

Kerosene is an exceedingly useful artiole about ft poultry yard, In the form of an emulsion it is the best remedy for vermin; on shelled com lit is supposed to be a preventive of I cholera; as an application for scaly legs it has no superior,

When cuttings are being rooted by amateurs in small tin and earthen vessels placed in sunny windows, the process can be forwarded by painting the receptaolo blaok, the colour absorbing the. heat and imparting it to the sand or earth, thus facilitating the starting of roots and forwarding the plant's development, -

A fat hen is a poor layer, and if she lays any eggs at all they will either fail to batch or produce weak ohicks. Boft-shelled eggs, double yolk and other irregularities indicate that the hons are too fat. Better starve a hen down than to have her too fat, All hens are fat when thea. ttk wish to hatch. A poor hen'ndwfl sets, Don't" break up " a'settimf'"* hen. It is lost time. Let her get rid of her fat, and Bhe will lay more eggs in the end,

Wheat, oats, eto, use up more phosphoric acid faster than any other plant food elements, and many fruit crops, eto, live especially on potash, Oontinued, one-sided cropping, therefore, may result in exhausting the soil of a single kind of plant food ; and when that is the case, the application of just that kind of plant food will be likely to make the soil again productive One of the first tasks of the progressive farmer is to find out, by judging from the antecedents of each piece of land, or fromalanting tests, the true conditioaHktJai soil, and then to apply UfevHH The young calves will be very thankful for a small allowance of mixed meal and bran given once a day. If this be given by hand, in a disb, it will tame the young things and make them so docile that thora will be no trouble when the calves] grow to cow's estate, and must bo] milked and handled. A heifer coming] in should never need be broken. ThiJ training, not breaking, should be don] early and, in the winter when the op] portunities are plenty,and there willbl no bad habits to be broken. The carl should be to lead the young ai*uU£ degrees from one stage to perfect familiarity with its,keeper andjthore will be no vicious, refractory cows in a dairy managed in this way.

No matter how hot or web the weather, a few inches of common earth spread over a manure pikJWill save it from loss, fermenting manure keeps and it also sends up ammonia, that the earth retains. During most oi the year heaps of manure with soil over them do not get more wetting down than is good for them while they are fermenting.. The loss from fire-banging, especially of horsemanura If the heap is undercover, is greater than the waste from leaching in a pile out of doors, In a few minutes the outdoor heap will lose half its bulk and Boareely any of its plant food. The heap protected from rain will be bumen to the loss of most (if ■■; ■ v ;