The Wairarapa Daily. MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1882. WAGES.

Wairarapa Daily Times, Volume 4, Issue 1250, 11 December 1882, Page 2

The Wairarapa Daily. MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1882. WAGES.

A leading American lecturer, Joseph Cook, in a publication entitled "Labor" gives some interesting statistics of the earnings and expenditure of the laboring classes in the United States. The lecturer to whom we refer is an advocate for a rate of wages which will enable a man to maintain his family in comfort and to lay by some provision for old age. We will quote a few of the examples given in the work to which we refer shewing the rates of wages and the cost of living in tho premier colony of the world. First, a bricklayer is named with five in family, who earns in the year £162, anil spends on rent £4O, fuel £lO, groceries £63, meat £l6, fish £3, milk £4, boots £6, clothing £B, dry goods £5 sundries £6. Next we take a carpenter, with four in his family, whose year's earnings amount to £133, and who spends as followß:—Rent £2O, fuel £B, groceries £42, meat £2O, fish £2, milk £6, boots £6, clothing £l7, dry goods £s,sun--4riess|2, -As a third and last illustration we take an outdoor laborer, who has six in bis family, and who has been unable to make both ends meet. His year's income amounts to £7O, and his expenses to £l3 for rent, £4 for fuel, £4O for groceries, £5 for meat, £3 fir fish, £3 for boots, and £3 for clothing. It will, we think, be admitted that the rate of wages in the States is not very much higher or lower than that which obtains in New Zealand. Here the annual incomes of laborers range from £7O to £l5O, hut New Zealand evidently has one great advantage over the States, and that is the spending power of a given amount of money is greater in this' Colony. Rent is lower, fuel is cheaper, and we fancy groceries are not so dear. In America the labor question, with tho rate of wages, is one of great importance. There the supply of labor often exceeds the demand, and a keen competition roduces earnings to a level at which many are unable to live in any comfort, .This, as yet, has never, excepting for a very brief interval, been the case in New Zealand, but in the future it is. sponer or later bound to be, more or less, our position; ; It would be well for those who are dependant.on .wages to. keep, as, many nien luve done in the States, a detailed account of their receipts and expenditure so that they know absolutely not only what money have fo spend, but the various directions jn which: it 1 is expended. In; America,, owing to the high cost of living and heavy taxes, a pn, ';■ though he earns; high wages, can save. little or nothing against a rainy day. Is; this the case '. in New Zealand \ hope pot, but it djfljoujt to a_nsw{))' such a.()i|Dst}o'j|, Wg'Jßqftfi.ftjy Junk that any majun this community can say.with what tfje «pgt of MWtoiPg i fulfil} i n »H jcbftny amqijnts fof fhe swp, if if; }s, as we. hejjeye i| |o jje, a jeajqi}: # MPi *W4 P#lf> ft ?s a n *p mainhis family in rmioiti, and put by a few pounds every year.; If a map finds that it does not do so h« should eitW

earn more or epeM less,. By taking, a; leaf; fronfythe feciok'of his AWricim cousin, aivd putting down in' blaok aiidwhite all his expenses he can discover where the fault lies in his disbursements if there bo any. . The problem of making both ends meet, is one that should, be solved by every intelligent wan for himself, ' It. will. probably be some years before the struggle for •existence will be as tough a fight in New Zealand as it now is in the States, but in the natural course of events our position will gradually assimilate to that of America, and it will be well for men to take advantage of the bettor opportunities they now enjoy of saving a little money so that when times harden they may be able to hold their own. The test .which Joseph Cook gives of a natural and sufficient rate of wages is that a man's earnings should be double the cost of the food, which his family consumes.

King Tawhaiao contemplates a trip to Wellington and to visit Wairarapa on his way home. ; '' The Masterton Oddfellows'lodge holds its ordinary fortnightly meeting tomorrow evening. MrR H„ Wood has several new auction announcements in our advertising columns. On Saturday next- he sells (he privileges of the Waihenga.races, which will be followed by a sale of general merchandise. He also offers for sale a hundred acres of Rood land in Greytown. The Masterton-Opaki Jockey Club had an extremely satisfactory meeting on Saturday evening. The Stewards, though (hey started with,a debt of some seventy pounds, were'enabled to pay off their overdraft and discharge all their liabilities and still leave to the good a balance as large as the one they had to the bad last year. This result is in a great measure due to the time and attention which Mr Fitiun, the Secretary has given to.his duties He has worked the Club up in an admirable manner, and next year, thanks to this aeason'a success, it will be in a position to give more' substantial prizes and to maVe further improvements to the course. Saturday last will long be remembered as a red letter day in our local racing calendar.

Every corner of the Wesleyan Churoh, Mastertou, was crowded last evening by an exceptionally large congregation which assembled to hear the KeV, F. W. Isitt of Chriatchurch, brother of the resident minister of this town. The Rev. gentle* man took for his text Qnhtisnß II and 20, and did not disappoint the expectation of his hearers by the earnest and thoughtful address which he delivered. The most characteristic feature in the sermon was an allusion to the manner m which Wesloyan modes were permeated, hy Calvauism and Plymouth Brethrenism. Salvation had, he contended, been brought! down to an arbitary thing, a matter of mere form, and many were repelled from them by the stereotyped character of their conversions. They were learning to magnify oreads, forgetting that true spiritual life cannot be bounded or defined by words or rules. Let them live a christian life rather than talk about mie. He also referred to freethinkers, expressing a sympathy with honest doubt, but declaring that he had not an atom of it for the spurious freethought which many young men of the present day affect,

Spiritualists do not share in the comet ■scare. We take the following from the American "Banner of Light":—The astronomers oyer all the world are taking great interest in tho advent of the new, comet, und all sorts of speculations are ailoat in the newspapers in regard to their calculations thus far, The orbit of this, the so called Cruls comet, as calculated, at the Cambridge Observatory at one o'clock on Tuesday morning last, indicates that it will be nno of extraordinary interest to the scientific world. "It appears" says the Cambridge astronomer, " that it passed so near to the sun that it may be said to havs just grazed the sun's Burface," This statement says several of our spirit-friends who have been watching the movements of the new comet, is entirely erroneous, as the said comtt has not approached Ihe sun's surface at all; on the contrary, it is impossible for it to come nearer than ten million miles, as the atmosphere of the. sun extendi that distance, and is power-' ful enough to repel any body, no matter limy dense it may be. Hence tho above quoted statement appears ludicrous in the extreme front the higher-life standpoint. A Boston lady who was lately thrown from her horse in ono of the parks said that her horse was not frightened at a bicyole, as was asserted, but at the gorgeous dress of the rider. To judge from the following extracts, the lady's romark was not at all surprising:—"The Branch Missouri Bicycle Club uniform is brown helmet and grey shirt, brown kneebreeches, and blue stockjngs, The Mjrblehead Bicycle Club has adopted the following uniform :—Qreen oorduroy breeches, light olive green shirt laced with green cord, green stockings, green corduroy polo cap, with monogram of the Club on the front. The Club colors are crimson and silver. A long debate on the subject of a uniform for the Kontucky Bicycling Club resulted in the following: —" Seal-brown corduroy broechei, laced at the knee, with cardinal cord and blue silk insertion, blue stockings, seal-brown corduroy polo cap, with KB.O. worked in cardinal, navy-blue laoed shirt, with cardinal trimmings, and the Clubs initials worked in the s.ime color on the pockets." The Bicycling World.

Writing of a ball at CWes, a lady say in a private letter:—The Prince and Princess of Wales came early (about eleven) and Played late-thatis to say the Prince did, letting his wife go home alone (not an unusual thing with hii Eoyal Highness). He never by any possible chance misses a. valse, 'that"being his favorite dance i for whioh reason does it always predominate on London ball programmes in the ratio of at least three to one of all other dances combined. With all the practice he has had—for he has been out since he was sovetiteen-it is strange that he Bhonld be n bad dancer. Yet he is. And a little Bhort hoppityBkippity step he has that sends him spinning round like a badly balancod teetotum, with a velocity that would make one's head swim merely i'o look at. "He likewise gets very hot and, out of breath, and his collars grow limp 'early' in : the evening. As tq'his ; t'ateeving- 1 powers, it is quite impossible to judge, fo,r,W;hen he dance's everybody gets'carefully out of his way, and lets him have.,the-floor to himself. One rausn't' jostle royalty you! know, even in a dancer .-ti!;

, Theological Reflection.—" Yes, sab.,": said Brudder Johnsing-, "■ Ef do descan/ dants of de rQoater prpi?ed at Peter was tq iflajte. aiqo'ige opery tiine a, lie' is tp)d, ( d,0,0 ivoujd, \i i\\i!\\ ; a;; noiae itide world dat yer : eoiildq't r\eah dp usn» cacjtje." . ; W§hflVP jml faoiivfld a'larp cqnajijn.:; mppt of -fleff , wwtfl ..{W ,;Bpefiia|ly 'Balpc|«4-by.;iQw4«§nbvin Indiaand Qhjna. for. ft!) kjndp qj hqnjohnld stores, Rapp and Hare of the Emporium will be found the cheapest house in town,— AnVT, ' i; • : ';', "■/■;[ ■ v : \ :':'■■'':-.:■"■■■"::■.'■:

f Mel&wßivA. Gardener arid;Bon, of '.the Carterton, >!bave: a ChtisVmaaAiinnuhcemeiiton our front pag'o to which ;we direct attention! ; - Messrs L/j. Hooper and Co., of the. Bon Marohe Warehouse, have a now advertiaement in our third page. • ,:■ /TheirttingofthfWairarapaWest'Oouhty Council at Carterton on Saturday was a briefine, and did;not last for mure than an hour.' Our report, .through; some mistake in the Post Office Department, though posted at I p.m. on Saturday, is only just to hand, and we are compelled to hold it over till our next issue. A cricket meeting is to be held at Mr W.'G. Beard's office this evening, at | which a newMasterton Chili iR exacted I to be formed. ...,.-

;Mr Clayson has got his orop ; of grass mown in the Masterton Park, and perhaps for the first time this enclosure presents a pleasing and park-like appearance. Now the tall grass is laidjew the beauty of the innumerable trees and shrubs which adorn the grounds ia apparent. .Mr Brandon is still in Masterton and hopes to receive a few more visitors at the Temple Chambers : where his beautiful pictures of the West'Ooast Sounds scenery are now hung. These works of art - have boon universally admired by all who have had an opportunity of inspecting them. The annual general meeting of shareholders in the Kuripuni Hall lakes place this evening. ,_The committee of tho Mutertun Horticultural and Industrial Society meet this evening to settle up for the late show.

Some disappointment was expressed that tlie Masterton Band did not play as usual in Queen-st on Saturday evening. Wo uudentand that its members are preparing a. big programme for next Saturday evening. ,'■■' Messss' S. Bacon and Co. have an advertisement in another column which will prove of interest to builders, contractors, and all using timber rough or dressed. Messrs Lowes and lorns announce a arge and important sale of furniture, took, tools, and station plant for Monday December 18th at the residence of Mr J. Tuck, who in leaving this district for Hawkesßayi The New, Zealand Loan and Mercantile Agencv report, under date of London, December Bth :-Wnol Market—The sales dosed firmly, and ahout 120,000 bales were disposed of; 60,000 were taken for export, and 16,000 held over. Superior greasy is unchanged; medium and inferior greasy easier. Long staple merino scoured, and fine cross bred is firmer, and coarse. cross-bred combing washed unchanged. Long staple merino and fine cross-breds are in demand, but short growth merino and coarse cross-bred are neglected, Lambs, market unchanged, Tho Berlin National Gazette reports that a high Japanese official has been directed by his Government to mako a study of the Prussian constitution to he modelled for Japan, to go into effect eight years hence, ; During an examination in the Insolvent Court in Sydney, an insolvent named William Norris, a publican at Windsor, admitted that he. had gambled at the rate of £IOOO a year for the last two years, and that he had lost as much as £2OO in one night at hazard, and t'mt one day in July last he lost £230 hy tossing with pennies.

A. recent "Newsastle Chronicle" ha" the following;-"Private Ainkesam of Newcastle-on-Tyne, a reserve man of the Royal Irish attached to the Gordon Highlanders, is ■ expected to receive a distinguished-conduot medal. He bayoneted seven men during the charge at Tel-el-Kebir, and was afterwards attacked by three Egyptian officers. A bullet was sent through his right cheek and passed out at his neck,' but' he, bayoneted two through. Before; he 'killed the third another bullet struck him in Jalmost the sameplaco. While lying on the ground he wasfiredat by'an; Arab, but was rewued,. He suffered from jiw lock for three days.

Near the village of Beppo-moura, in Kotclii/ Japan, an auriferous cave has boen discovered in which strings and nogiieti of metal are openly visible in the roof and sides. ; The cave has hitherto been considered sacred, and the natives would not. enter it, bat steps have now been taken to work the gold.

An_ alarming epideuiio of dysaentry prevails in, soma parts of Sweden. In Malmoc recently there were about one .thousand sick and the; mortality waa increasing. The schools are closed in oonsequerice. Quarantine has been establishod in Copenhagen, and it is expected that it will be ordered iti 1 the German seaports of ;the Baltic;.'' A deputation of; the Punedin School .Committee■ waited upon- the, Hon. Mr Johnston on Monday j asking him to grant the school children, free railway tickets once a year to enable them to visit their friends in the ooqntrr, and far the benefit of their health, Mr Johnston replied that any concessions made in connection with educational matten was beyond hit province. If the Minister.of Eduoation desired to iss'ne freepasses to any one, til he had to do was to apply for them and he would receive them on paying for them. The first duty of the prima, donna is to discover a tenor Patti his discovered a Welsh shoemaker who sings better than Mario did in his best days, and now Neilssonhas found out a Swede with a clear, bel Mike, and exceedingly < sweet voice. She first heard him at a serenade, sent for him, congratulated him, and recommended him, to take lessons from Delle Sedie. Mr Thendor Bojor-Kestein has been singing in Paris last winter, and is now engaged to accompany Mdme Neilson to America.

The London correspondent of the Melbourne Age, writing under date 22nd September, says:—"Three new comets have beoti announced within the last week. Oil lQth September, Mr Barnard of Tennessee, discovered a telescope comet, whiob was observed at Harvard .College :Observatory, on 14th Septerabor, 7 a.m„ when iits position was - right asoonsion, 7b 19min; declination. 16deg north;. daily, motion, ,lf min in right ascension, and Slminih declination (increas ing). It id described aB of the tenth magnitude and oircular inform, the diameter being about ;2min,..iMr;.Crulß, at Bio Janeiro found the second comet at 5.15 a.m., on 12th September, about.half an hour before sunrise; it was in; right ascension, 9 B 28min; declination 2deg south. Though only an hour and a-halfin advance of the sun, the comet ,was visible •to the naked 1 eye. The third was seen'by Ijjr Common, at Ealing, on 17th September, s It is onlySmin in'advanoa of the sun, and ! 20min,to. the south."

is': now' taking, place' , : at .Te'.Ajro House, and 'will throughout the month haye ; provided a large .assortment of really arllsWchrqmq p»ture3 which fill to'every p,arcb,aaer of sßw6tth and ',uto|ar|s. "Great pare has beeritaken tOjProHdisuchWy as shall be worthVyof acc.eptance,by all who, may pay a "visit to ( Te jnbtats oj these ohfomos au.d <mtl comprising landscapes, seascapes.' Cflpiei 'of meat pqpular and .will to : Mtow and pqrphaseraefTe Are House," The raedein which it hw h«fß determined to issue these giftia;is?ol |£ in'(wti.liberal.character,: and wyUl during the merry Christmas seas.qn., bo i source of gratification to tho nurajrous cus>. ioiners of James smith, Te Aro House, Cuba- -

;; Tenderi iare jihirited by Mr R. R. Arraiirtn'({,;Oirteftiin,]for eplitting 2000 totii'fl])Ußli/tc:';?,. f : :.; : ;. '■,.'. •Tbo'iiiimbfer.of oasßß filed in bankruptcy iii i!iecbJom/of New Zealand since 187G ia 7824.

Seventy nine persons- were drowned in New Zealand during the: twelve months, ended on the 30th day of June last. It cost the Government last year £l2 12a Id per acre to survey roads iri the colony. Government surveyors must have; a good time of it I There are seventeen candidates'from. Wellington for University examination. : Mr G.W. ; Schroder,.of the Hall;of Commerce, ,haß a new advertisement in another column. ; r • Mr F. H. Wood holds a sale of cattle (fat and dairy) hones, iheep, pips, poultry, &0., &c. at the Feaiherston sale yards ;on Thursday next, December Wthj at 11,30 a.m. '".'.' ''~'~:

The Wellington Foxton coach capsized just before leaving town early this morning. The driver was in'the act of turning round, when the wheels looked, aud resulted in the coach turning over. • Mr Edward Mullock, who occupied the box Beat was thrown to the ground, and the couch falling on him fractured hisThip. The others escaped. The fancy fair which is to be opened in the Town Hall, Greytown, by Mr W. .0,.-. Buchanan, M.H.8., to-morrow, in aid of St Luke's Church, promises ts be an: unqualified success. Too much praise cannot be accorded to the ladies who have undertaken such an arduous task, as they have been at work for several months making all sorts of useful and ornamental articles to be sold at the fair, The following ladies will have stalls: Refreshmeat stall, Mrs Guff, assisted by Mrs Heyward, Misses E. Wyett, Spratt, and Bowler; flower stall, Misses Tully and M. McMaster; No 1 stall, Mesdaufes White,. Lucena, and Dudding; No. 2, Mesdames Bunny and Tuckey; No 3, Mesdames Black, Scale, and Fuller; Nn 4, Mesdames Taylor, 'fully, and Miss Ling. The value of the various articles to be sold is estimated at over £SOO. There will ba a small charge of £d for admission. The Greytown Private Band will be in attendance both evenings to enliven tho proceedings with their capital selections. On Saturday last as the 2.6, train from Masterton to Wellington was proceeding between Carterton and Woodiide a female stopped it about a parcel she expected. It seoms strange that people do not exercise a little judgment iii matters of this kind, and as this has occurred several times, it would be advisable for the railway authorities to inflict a penalty on persons stopping the tram without juat cause. . This evoniug there is to be a public meeting held in the upper rooa of the Wairurapa Institute, Greytown, to consider that much vexed question County i Amalgamation. Messrs Buchanan, Booth, Boys, Phillips, and other speakers are going to enlighten the Public un the subject. At the samo meeting, will be discussed the advisability of opening a road from Greytown to Gladstone direct, so that it is to be hoped that all who have the interest of the place at heart will attend, and give their thoughts expression Mr Phillip:) tho promoter of the meeting has acted in a singular manner by ignoring Mr H, H, Jaokßou the Councillor for the Riding, but then Mr Phillips likes to place himself in front of other peoplo. Supplies of milk at 4jd per gallon delivered at the factory, or 4d per gallon with whey returned, are invited for'ihe Greytown butter and Cheese factory, operations at which commence ou Monday December 18th. It gives us great pleasure to observe that this factory is about to start work and feel suro that its promoters will have no cause to rogret their enterprise.

We notice that Mr Wood of Greytown has advertised some 100 acres of land adjoining that township, to be sold by auction at his rooms, Greytown, on the 16th inat. We would like to draw the attention of capitalists, speculators, and others' to the fact that the land in question 13 in the centvo of that valuable block situate immediately on the East of Greytown, anil within 40 chains of the Post Office/ The quality o( the soil is unequalled, and is suitable for anything. There has already been several offers made for . the land privately, but the owner prefers having it submitted to public competition, so as to give every one a chance of securing such a valuable farm as this is,

Messrs Lowes k lornn soil on Saturday next, by instructions from Mr W. W. McOurdle and Mr G. M. Park a splendid colluciinii of planis, many of which took uriz<« it the late show, Particulars will be io'.ii!'] in our advertising columns.