LOCAL INTELLIGENCE.
The Yictoria, Prince of Wales, and Caledonian Rangers Companies W.R.Y., and the Ist and 2nd Companies of Wang iiui Militia, were paraded on Tylee’s fiat, for Colonel Bogan’s inspecsion, on the afternoon of the 7th inst., and went through a series of battalion movements. Thanks to the kindness of Colonel Logan in allowing some of the sergeants of the 67th to act as drill instructors to the civilian forces, most of the evolutions were uery creditably performed The skirmishing, in which the men evidently lake a pride and interest, was highly so, and elicited the warm commendation of the Colonel. The one or two. trilling mistakes that were- made were merely such as to show the use of such parades occasionally, in order to accustom the men to work in larger masses, than their own companies.
Our town seems to have been quite in possession of robbers during the Dramatic performance at Howe’s Assembly Rooms on Monday evening.. The Phoenix hotel was broken into, and the title deeds and license of the house, as well as £37 in money, stolen. Mr. B. Strachan’s shop was entered, and plundered of sundry bottles of scent, <fec. Mr. E. Woon’s fowl-house was also entered and robbed ; and the back windows of Mr. D. Nathan’s store were broken by some one, who, however, was prevented by the iron bars from effecting an entrance. The house in Ridgway-street, occupied by private Mount, R.E., was broken into and ransacked, though we believe a gold ring was the only article stolen.. lit this last case there can be little doubt the thieves were military ones. • Two attempts were also made by soldiers to rob natives the same evening. Wirihana, the native policeman, was attacked by some of the red-coited rascals, but beat them off; and Hapi, a native in the employ of Mr. Baldwin, was likewise assaulted by some of our gallant defenders, who endeavoured to rob him of Lis watch, —the guard, and even the case of the watch itself, being broken in the scuffle.
We are requested to caution people against discharging firearms in town, several militiamen having been inormed against and.fined at tire R. M. Court this week for- doing so,. Nothing, perhaps, more cleai’ly indicates the superior!ty of this neighbourhood over most other districts of New Zealand, than the fact that, while those who have once dwelt here, and have left for other settlements, almost invariably return hither, a large proportion of those who come to .Wanganui from other parts of the colony, either on- business or pleasure, are so struck with this part of the country as to take up their residence among us. This lias been particularly noticeable as a result of the export trade in cattle and sheep which has been carried on so largely during the past year. Not only have the masters of several of the vessels which have come in search .of cargoes bought properties among us, but capitalists, who are old residents in-other settlements, and have merely come here at first as to a favourable market for the purchase of stock, are evincing, a dispo sition to take up their abode here permanently. Two of these, gentlemen, Messrs. Fisk and Lethbridge, have within the last few days purchased estates in Wanganui and Turakina, and we learn that others are in treaty for valuable properties in the neighbourhood.
Wanganui Choral Society.— We have much pleasure in calling attention to an advertisement, in another column, announcing the First Concert of our Amateur Choral Society. Since the formation of the Society, some four months since, the Working Members have been most zealous and regular in their attendance at the weekly practice meetings y and, if the founders expected the fines for absence to te a valuable source of income, it is evident that they, like some others under-rated the perseverance and love of music of the people of Wanganui. We are told that the total number of Working Members is about eighty, Jand the average tattendance at Practice Meetings has been from sixty to seventy : besides which, two Singing Classes, each of some thirty members, have been held every week. We think, therefore, that we may fully expect a pleasant musical evening, and we heartily recommend those of our friends who are not yet subscribers to give iu tlieir names and their guineas at onca, as the Concerts of the Society are to be strictly private, and none but. members and their friends will be admitted.
Errata. —ln Mr. Gudgeon’s letter last week, 2nd par., for “ will quietly submit to sucli an imposture ” read ‘ imposition and in the 3rd par., for “ an assessment mi real properly and increase read “income.”
DEBATE OX THE “ INCREASE OF REPRESENTATION BfLL.” Major Richardson moved for leave to bring in a bill to make further provision for the representation of the people of New Zealand in the General Assembly. He said the representation committee had found great difficulty in ascertaining the basis, but they relied on the statistical tables furnished by the Ministry. Their proposal WB3 to add thirteen new members to the House ; and it was a very gratifying circumstance, which originated with Mr. Stafford, that at the very time they wei’e accepting the trust of national affairs, they would be providing two members to represent the natives of this colony. He was quite sure that if there was any one part of this report that the House would agree to it would be this. He would simply say that the committee had found it necessary to specify certain districts in which alterations, should be made as follows :—-Two members for the native districts, two. "for the Canterbury province, seven for Otago,' and one lor Southland. Mr. J. C. Richmond said there was one passage in the report which the House could not adopt, and that was that the two persons to represent the native district should be of European descent. That was quite .inconsistent with the Con stitution Act. He would remind the honorable member that it was quite competent for any person, whether European Asiatic, or New Zealander, to represent the natives, provided they complied: with the provisions of the Constitution A ct.
Mr. Brodie said there was something extraordinary in the proposition of giving a couple of members to the natives. If they admitted the principle of giving the natives representation they must applyalso the basis of representation, viz., the voting power. This seemed to be a proposition- for introducing representation without having regard to purification. Now,, he was driven to- this conclusion —that the natives had-inherently a right to vote, although they had not, legally, taken steps, to have their qualifications recognised. He said that any bill which had such a f pro vision as the one he referred to in it, would not receive his assent.
Mr. Stafford thought it would have been better if the- lion, member had seen the bill before he ventured to comment upon it. So far as he could understand the lion, members remarks, he seemed to assume that the present tribal —or whatever might- be th.e most.proper designation —qualification was considered to be a qualification under the Constitution Act. He (Mr. Stafford) ventured, to. say that no such provision, would be made in the bill. The lion, member had expressed a desire to know wlmt particular member of the committee had moved that the natives should be represented, and he (Mr. Stafford) was in a position to inform him in the most authentic manner that he was that member and that in a committee of ten the proposition was most unanimously adopted. He did think that the lion, member was not one who should have complained of an infringement of the constitution Act, for he heard loud murmurs against giving representation to the constituency who liad sent the lion, gentleman into that house, and he had heard it remarked that it was a very unconstitutional act, although one which had a precedent in the gold districts in Australia. He would state at once wlmt were the motives which led him to propose that the natives should be repi-esented in the House. la the first place the natives had been-, and were likely to continue to be, a most valuable portion of the inhabitants of New Zealand ; and not only did they pay taxes to an amount which the hon. member who had last spoken had no conception of, and which he would find out if he referred to previous financial statements, but they were large producers. The whole of'the kauri gum had been exported through the agency of the natives only ; a very large proportion of wheat had been produced by them ; and a very large portion of the potatoes which formed such a valuable export in 1853 to 1856 was the result of tlieir industry. They were unhappily in a different position now, but they would resume the position of producers, and they would be more permanently interested in the legislation of the country than the constituency of the hon gentleman who-attacked the proposition, and who would emigrate to California, Nova Scotia, or any other place where discoveries might be made. He (Mr. Stafford) had been present when the mere fact of “ old Bill,” or “ long George,” being seen going over a hill with a pick and shovel on liis shoulder, was the immediate cause of sending some hundreds of persons in eager pursuit, it not being known were he was going. (A laugh.) Such was the nature of the occupation of those whom the lion, member represented. They had the natives here, and they trusted that they would have them long, for he believed that they would rapidly increase in civilization, and become a most important portion of the inhabitants of New Zealand. He would be proud to think that he had been one of the humble agents in obtaining direct representation for them, and he hoped the bill would become law. The hou. member (Mr. Richmond) had objected to the words European descent, but he did not intend to confine the representatives to persons of any particular race, and if bill did contain those words it might be advantageously modified. He desired to see the natives represented but not by persons of their own race, for if they were it would be a great “sham.” To send two natives into that house whether great chiefs or minor chiefs, who would be perfectly unable to understand
what was going on oi* to express an opinion, would certainly be a mere sham, and the natives would be as well represented by a tattooed figure., That was the reason why he wished the natives should be.represen ted by others than of their own race, gentlemen who having an intimate knowledge of the native character would be able to properly represent them. Mr. James O’Neill felt pleasure in supporting the proposition, for giving the natives two members. He believed that hitherto much money, sympathy, and kindness, had been thrown away upon the natives, still that ought not to prevent them from giving them a due representation. They had a large interest in the soil, and that alone would induce him to support this proposition. Mr. Colenso said there would be some difficulty in the natives being impartially represented by two members, as, the- districts were sc-atterod, and hut a small portion of the bulk would be represented. He thought the natives would say that vre gave them representatives because we were afraid of them, and that wc did it to coax them-. Let the war be brought to an end* and: if such a thing were necessary then he would suppoit it. . The bill was then introduced, read a first time, and the second reading was made an. order for the next day. [The above debate shows how complete is the break-up of the old political parties, to which we recently alluded.]
THE GOVERNMENT POLICY. (From- tlie Nelsoii Examiner, December Ist.) In our last we summarised and criticised shortly the Act by which the Government has been empowered to take vigorous measures for suppressing the native rebellion. There remain two other Acts dealing with this exceptional state of affairs ; the New Zealand Settlements Act, which authorises the occupation of any territory needed for planting a large defensive population in the North Island, and the Loan Act, which implements both the other Acts.
The plan of the settlements Act is simple. It legalises the summary seizure by Government for the purpose above stated, of any land, whether owned by rebels, or by loyal men, by European, or by native. The general and sweeping character of the power thus conferred, is certainly foreign to the spirit of British law. At home the expropriation, as it is termed, of the owner of the soil, is carefully hedged about, and made in every case the subject of very special enactments. The standing orders of the Imperial Legislature, require that full public and personal notice to all parties having legal or equitable interests in land, shall precede the inti’oduction of any Bill, under which such land is to he taken for public uses, and our colonial Parliament adopts the same regulations. These orders are strictly enforced, and after, they have been complied with, the Legislature constitutes itself a tribunal for deciding, in every special case, whether the purposes of a Bill are, in fact, public, and of importance enough to justify, what the law hates, the forcible expulsion of the proprietor from liis propery. And when this lias been established and the expropriation has been legalised, there is provision for three several tribunals, of which the proprietor has choice, for assessing the value of the property to be taken. The Act before us sets aside most of these safe guards and guarantees, and places in the hands of the Executive Government a general and absolute power of saying, without special notice of any kind, “ sucli and such land is wanted for settlement,” and of taking summary possession thereof, without any appeal to the Legislature. The price to be paid for the land taken is to be decided by a special Judge appointed by the Government, or by arbitration, if the owner prefer it. But, however contrary to our prepossessions and habits this law may b.e, very few indeed will be found to object seriously to it. It is the medicine for a disease that is tearing the colony in pieces, and it must necessarily be different from, and in some respects opposed to, the regimen of health. Among those even who supported the measure in the Assembly are some whose property may be affected by it, yet they have not resisted it. The increase of the orderly population is felt to be the one certain and simple cure for lawlessness ; and population cannot be attracted to and retained in a disturbed land by anything short of the joys of ownership of the soil. The public necessity of settlements on the best of the unoccupied fends of the North Island, is, in fact, declared by the Act before us, and it is left to the Executive to determine which, on the whole, are the best.
The mode in which the measure is made to bear upon the lebellious tribes as a punishment, is twofold. The mere occupation of their land against their will though compensation be given, is a thing that Maories resent. But beyond this, the whole of those engaged in rebellion or in abetting it, are excepted from all payment in respect of their land if taken. Of course the great bulk of the settlements will be on laud of insurgent tribes, and, if the Act be properly carried out, the exceptions will be the rule, if we may be forgiven the quibbling expression. No doubt there will be much difficulty in this matter. A fine crop of “friendly” claimants will arise whenever a piece of land is taken, though it may be in the midst of the most hostile tribe. Already this has begun and a very firm hand will be needed to resist this tendency, as well as a very vivid sense, on the part of tlie Government and the land courts, of responsibility to the colony, which lias to pay the prodigious cost of this ignorant and misgtstdecl insurrection. If fulher justification than we have given of the very suniunimry piece of
legislation we are considering be required it will be found in the nature of Maori tenure itself. The rights of property, as we now understand them, are not inherent in the nature of things, but results of a very complex experience. Even British law, strictest of all on this point, admits the latent interest of the public in all l*&d3. But ownership in a civilised country performs duties’ ’which have never, been admitted among the Maori. For the practical seeurity, and the careful protection afforded by law, the owner, under a settled Government, make a return in taxes, in services, in orderly conduct, and in this important matter, that lie yields to the laws of political economy, and on the whole submits liis property to' be used for the common good. If this last condition could be conceived for a moment to bo lai-gely violated at home, does any one doubt that the present strict ideas of ownership would undergo relaxation ? Suppose the proprietors of Great Britain to relape into savagery, and refuse their estates to the plough, in order to reign over the wilderness so made in lawless independence. We should not then care much for the elaborate formalities that now precede any act by which the public resumes its latent rights. Buell a case can only be imagined’for argument’s sake, but it exactly illustrates our position. The latent rights of the public are very strong over lands held by uncivilised men ; the nature of the savage’s title is much inferior to that of the citizen of an orderly State, and the evil of summarily depriving; him, when public necessity requires it, is much less.
This arguineufc applies, of course* to, the possible occupation of land of neutral tribes. European properties, if taken, will he taken on the whole with the good will of the owners ; and the hostile natives, whether we call them rebels or foreign enemies, can have no equitable claims on what is conquered from them. On these grounds we do. nob much fear that the British Government will annul the New Zealand settlements- Act, as
some opponents have threatened. If they feel justified in fending out 10,000 armed men to repress rebellion, they will-' not strain at the gnat which distresses; Messrs. Sewell, Swainson, Fitzgerald, and their clerical friends. The absolute necessity for some sucli policy as we are now pursuing in the colony will at once be seen at home. With the whole world heaving in war and preparation for war, England cannot spare her best soldiers long to save a decaying handful of men who have shown little gratitude for past protection and forbearance. Yet she will gladly see the colony strengthening itself for the task she is almost obliged to relinquish. The Imperial Government will not interpret as a bloody threat the truth often enunciated iu the colony, that the weak cannot he forbearing. They' will welcome our present action, and we are far fixun destitute of hope they will even reeomanend the- Parliament to support with their credit the vigorous measures with which the colony ts beginning its attempt to assume the government of the natives.
THE MEMBERS’ TRIP TO K AW AU. [From the New Zealander, Nov. 24.] Tlie Members of the Legislative Council and House of Representatives, in accordance with a cordial invitation from his Excellency Sir George Grey, K.C.8., accompanied him to his residence, ou the KLawau, yesterday. The New Zealand Steam Navigation Company's vessel, the Rangatira, was moored alongside the wharf for their reception, and as the invitation extended to the friends of hon. members, a large number of ladies and gentlemen stepped on board shortly before eight a.m., and a few minutes afterwards wei’e followed by his Excellency the Governor, Private Secretary Mr. Seed, Mr. Goring, and others. Most of the Members of the General Assembty were present, including nearly the whole of the Southern members now in Auckland.
The Rangatira had been gaily decorated with bunting, ,evergreens, ferns, and flowers, and a well-craiued band of musicians from H.M. s.s. Curacoa, conducted by band-master Stanton, were placed amidships, and played concerted and other pieces at intervals. On leaving the harbour the Rangatira was steered in pretty close proximity to, the Himalaya, now anchored in the stream. The voyagers were thus afforded an opportunity of viewing the noble proportions of this magnificent warvessel.
In the early morning there was every prospect of an English November day. The weather, however, turned out better than was anticipated, and although it was cold and showery, the outward voyage along the rugged, yet picturesque, eastern shores was a pleasurable one. Breakfast was ready on board by ten? o’clock, and the. bracing air rendered’ the numerous assembly ready-for breakfast. We should imagine that more delightful coastal scenery than that in the neighbourhood can scai’cely be found. The residence is situated in a well-sheltered inlet termed Bon Accord Bay. Ihe shores on either side are precipitous and; well covered with pohutukawa, ugaio,, rewarewa, kowhai, and other trees. Thelocation has evidently been selected; witli considerable judgment, and it required no stretch of the imagination on the part of those who had still some recollections of earlier days passed in the neighbourhood of the ancestral homes of old England to feel at homo again. And if the guests at Bon Accord yesterday were not at home, it was not the fault of his Excellency, who evidently desired to make all around him happy and joyous ; and we ire sadly mistaken if all present were not really so.
The landing some two hundred passengers by boats was a tedious process, but, once landed, this large company quickly dispersed itself in quest of amusement, either by the dance or by scaling the lofty hills which occupy the sides and rear of the dwelling. The gardens surrounding Sir George Grey’s residence have only been laid out some fifteen months, and yet -they contain some specimens • that are not to be found elsewhere in New Zealand. Mr. Beckwith, the gardener, points out with justifiable pride some specimens growing in the open air of the cochineal plant, with the insects attached from which the celebrated dye is extracted, the black protea and the silver tree from the Cape, the Natal pl : um, scarlet verbenas of a new variety, and various other scarce flowers and plants. In a paddock beyond the residence are to be seen several strange quadrupeds and rare birds. In acclimatising the useful and beautiful in the vegetable and animal kingdoms the Governor of New Zealand appears to take a pride and pleasure.
After noon the weather was exceedingly lovely, and the sunlight caused the dark overhanging woods to give back the brightest, tints and shadows. The dinner call was sounded shortly after three o’clock.
After the removal of the edibles, Captain Rhodfes rose and said it had fallen upon him' to propose a toast ; he could, however, only do it in a feeble manner, but he was sure those present would drink it with a great deal of pleasure; It was the health of one who was no, stranger to them ; the first time he aiv rived in the colony they were in-a dilemma, and in the commencement of a-, war which was not finished even yet He believed, however, from the exertions of his Excellency and: General Cameron who appeared to- be in earnest, and with, the assistance of the Volunteers and Militia of New Zealand, that this war would soon come to a glorious conclusion—a- consummation desired throughout the' colony of New Zealand. residents of the South entertained a strong sympathy for their v orthern brethren, and were ready to assist them with men and money, lie believed that a time was coming-- of which they had not even dreamed. He felt sure that under the present wise Government, in- a few months, with the success of yesterday, the neck of the rebellion would be broken. There was one simple matter to, which he wished to direct attention, as calfculatedi' to promote more than anything else the welfare of New Zealand, and that wasroads. He was satisfied that nothing could be done without roads. {Laughter and cheers.) ihe roads most conducive to the benefit of the island were rail* I’oads, and when these were in operation; the Northern might become more prospei’ous than the Middle. Island, as it was more adapted for a noble peasantry —a country’s pride In returning to the object for which lie arose, he felt quite sure that overy one would feel a debt of gratitude was owing to his Excellency Sir George Grey, for bringing around
him at his hospitable mausiou the elite of Auckland.
The toast was received with hearty applause; Mr. Monro begged to propose the health of Captain Rhodes and the Directors of the New Zealand. Steam Navigation Company, to whom tlie Company present were also indebted for the delightful and interesting day they had spent, in placing the Rangatira at the-, disposal of the Governor.
This toast was also received' in tlie heartiest manner. Mr. Rhodes said he felt almost overpowered at the hearty expression of their approval, but he really had nothing to do with the present treat. His Excellency had promised to show him his island home, and he (Mr. Rhodes) had said, “ Here is the Ilanyatira at your disposal.” You are indebted to Sir G. Grey for this day’s treat —mine will be to-morrow. Invitations were issued for two hundred to-day, but five hundred have been sent out for to-morrow. The Company were desirous of affording a treat to the public, and he had no doubt an inspection of the Himalaya would be a great one, not only to the adult, but also to the rising population. The speaker then in a humorous way advocated the claims of the New Zealand Steam-Navi-gation Company upon the support of the Auckland public. His Honor the Superintendent of Auckland said it was his pleasant duty to propose the health of the gentlemen present wlio» represented the Southern part of New Zealand. He felt glad to meet them on that interesting occasion, and hoped tlie same feeling was entertained on their part.
Mi’. John Williamson said he well remembered that, at the- first meeting of the General; Assembly, it was generally considered that the representatives present ’on that occasion—and especially those from the South—were men of talent and great ability ; and from the expe rience which many of them had previously had in colonial affairs, no possession of the-British Crown could boast of men of like-ability and zeal, or better qualified to lay down the principles of responsible government which was now held in esteem tln*oughout the Australian colonies. Whatever might have been said by himself and others relative to the Southern members’ desire to remove the seat of Government from Auckland, nothing in disparagement of their ability and extraordinary qualifications for assisting in the establishment of a great colony could possibly be said*. He hoped theopportunity which, Ills. Excellency had, given them of assembling together that day would help to cement North* and. South together, and aid in making them what they ought to be—one united and.
prosperous colony. He had in supporting the proposition of his Honor the Superintendent. Interesting speeches weie also delivered by Major Richardson, Mr. Craeroft Wilson, and other gentlemen. After the “ ladies” had been duly honoured, the steam whistle on board the Rvngatira sounded the recall, and the numerous company were re-embarked without mishap. The voyage home, through wind and tide being adverse, occupied four hours—an hour longer than the morning’s trip. The evening, however, was pleasant, for after sunset the moon shone clear and bright, and the Rangatira landed her passengers on the Queen-street wharf at about ten o’clock, tired it may be, but delighted with the clay’s excursion and grateful for the kindness of Sir George Grey.
OxE GOOJ> TUBS DESERVES AXOTHEK. —Mr. Pilkington, a small farmer in Pennsylvania, was some time ago drafted for the service of his country (says an American paper). The wife, though she possesses, but a small stock of general information, is one of the best conjugal partners, so- she was much troubled at the thought of parting with her husband. As she was engaged in- scrubbing the doorstep, a rough-looking: stranger came up and thus addressed her :— £fc [ hear, ma’am that your husband has been drafted.” “ Yes, sir, he has,” replied Mrs. Pilkington, “ though, dear knows, there’s few meu that couldn’t be better spared from; their families.” “Well, ma’am, I’ve come to. offer myself as a substitute for him,” “ A what V asked Mrs. Pilkington, with; some excitement. “ I’im willing to-take liis place,” said the stranger; “ You take the place of my husband, you, wretch.! I’ll teach you to insult a distressed woman that way, you vagabond.!” cried Mrs. Pilkington, as she discharged; the dirty soapsuds in. the face of the discomfited; and astonished substitute, who took to liis- heels just in time to escape having his head, broken by the bucket. At the battle ’of Gettysburgli General Weed, was. dying from a Avpuncl. LieutHazlett, was kneeling, and bent his head close to; General Weed; to receive his dying command, when-a bullet, the unr seen messenger of death, hit him.on theforehead, and, falling on. thebossom cf his friend and associate, lie biseathed his life away without a, word; or a groan.
CrIOKE'I^—THB’.PItIBE OE THE VILLAGE: —“-Good match old fellow ?” “ Oh, yes ; awfully jolly !” “ What did you do?” “ Pad a hover of Jackson : the first ball ’it me on the ’and, the second ’ad me on the knee, the third; was in my eye,, andthe fourth bowled me out.!” —[Jolly game.] —London Punch. Exciting Tie. —lu shooting for am All-Comers’ Prize, at the Gloucester RifleAssociation Meeting. Sergeant. Thompson, of the first Derbyshire Rifles, and; Private Metford, of Bristol tied ; im shooting off, Metford. sat down, and settled himself into a magnificent posture, fired, and made a centre. Thompson lay. down full length on the turf, fired in an instant, and made a centre too. The result was hailed with cheers. Metford then fired, and made an outer, whereupon* Thompson, offered to divide ; but the offer was declined. “ All right,” exclaimed Thompson, took a sip of brandy, fired, and made an outer. Again Metford fired and scored a centre, and Thompson followed and scored a centre, He rolled over on the grass and laughed with delight, while the spectators cheered and laughed heartily. Thompson then madeauother offer to divide, and was again, denied. “Go on. then,” said Thompson, “ and miss, and I’ll get a bull’s eye,” Metford made another centre, and there was another-cheer.- Thompson fired, and the moment the danger signal was raisedat the butts, a flag for a centre was raised, but’immediately lowered. Thompson claimed tlie shot, but it appeared that he had aimed at t-lie wrong target ; the shot was therefore disallowed, and. Metford was declared the winner.— Volunteer, Book of Facts.
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Wanganui Chronicle, Volume 7, Issue 374, 17 December 1863, Page 4
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5,349LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. Wanganui Chronicle, Volume 7, Issue 374, 17 December 1863, Page 4
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