THE DAIRY

Wairoa Bell, Volume V, Issue 222, 3 November 1893, Page 16 (Supplement)

THE DAIRY

WASHING THE “BABY.” Explicit Directions For Cleansing the Hand Cream Separator. I have now owned and operated continuously an Alpha DeLaval No. 2, commonly known as “Baby No. 2.” for over 14 months, and when I say continuously I mean it in the fullest acceptation of the term, as never a day has elapsed during the entire period that it has not twice each day separated the milk of 20 cows, thus necessitating two washings each day As soon as the separating is over, I turn the separator bowl with the disks in a pile in a small tin pan of clear, warm (not hot) water. I have a stout, hempen cord about a yard long, pass it through the pile of disks, and they are strung like beads on a string. I have ready in a dish pan, used only for this purpose, boiling hot water in which is a small amount of concentrated lye, just enough to cut the grease and not enough to corrode the tin. Taking hold of either end of the cord, I roll and agitate the disks on the string- until they are thoroughly cleansed. By this time they are ready for the drying- process. I then take my piece of broom handle, sawed just long enough to reach across the top of the pan used to dry them off, lift the disks from the water with the ends of the string, insert the broom handle and withdraw the string, place the handle across the top of the drying pan and pour a couple of quarts of clear, boiling water over the disks, remove from the top of the pan and let them drain and dry, and while they are drying wash my bowl and the central cylinder and scald them. Wipe dry and replace the disks and cylinder. No drying with a cloth is necessary, as the heat from the boiling water poured over them dries them thoroughly. Wash and wipe the rubber ring and screw down the top of the bowl. Putting the remaining portions of the separator through the same process takes scarcely any more time than I’ve taken to write this I can at any time wash and put my separator in complete order in 10 minutes, and that, too, without any undue haste. By the use of the string it obviates the necessity of handling each disk or plate separately and prevents the possibility of getting the numbers mixed. Since it is imperative that the plates should go into the bowl consecutively according to the numbering, this plan of stringing precludes the misplacing of the numbers; —Mrs. Kate M. Busick Feeding the Cow For Money. The efforts of dairymen to make their cows surpass anything that has yet been done in the way of producing milk or butter needs to be made with a great deal, of care 11 feeding, which is one ot tne aosoiute esseiFCTStls' to success in record breaking, must be directed with no small degree of skill or else it will result in a diminished instead of an increased power of production, and it may, as it has done in not a few instances, lead to the loss of the animal itself. If absolute safety is to be considered, it will be wise to remember that extremes are usually dangerous and that the feeding of animals is no exception to the general rule. But it is possible to leam very much about the merits of a cow as a butter producer without incurring any special risk. If the feed is increased gradually, as it invariably ought to be, and its effect is carefully noted, the owner of a cow will have little difficulty in deciding when the safe limit has been approached. Long before that point is reached he will be able to determine whether the increased quantity of food supplied is profitably utilized, for, contrary to what seems to be the belief of some advocates of high feeding, there are cows which, through some fault of digestion or assimilation or because they have a much stronger tendency to produce flesh than they have to yield milk, do not pay for extra quantities of grain. It therefore follows that when a test of the productive powers is made the health of the animals and the financial interests of their owners will be best protected by a gradual increase in the quantity of grain supplied and the careful watching of the effects which it produces.Sorghum Fodder. Great care should be employed to keep the cows in milk as long as possible, it takes a large percentage from the profits when cows are dry from three to four months in the year, or if their flow of milk decreases to any very marked degree during the last four or five months of the year. Clean, warm stables, plenty of pure water, from which the chill has been taken, roots or grain, or both, in addition to their dry feed, are conditions which secure success in winter dairying. Nor is winter the only time when the cows need supplementary food. As soon as the summer’s drought begins to shorten the pastures there should be plenty of corn or sorghum, to supply the lacking feed. Sorghum is an especially satisfactory crop for this purpose, as the cattle will eat it up clean. Dairymen can hardly regard this plant too highly. Milk For Oheesemaking. Milk for cheesemaking should always be aerated as soon as drawn from the cow. First class cheese can only be made from milk that is absolutely free from all impurities and aeration helps to secure such. Dairymen who furnish milk to the factories should be taught to use aerators. A very effective one can be made easily and cheaply by drilling one-sixteenth inch holes through the bottom and near the outer edge of some kind of a vessel. Suspend this as high as possible above another vessel and let the milk run through while it is yet warm.-

HOW TO TRAIN A DOG. Hints About Jumping, Waltzing, Turning Somersaults and Other Tricks. Many times you will be obliged to help your pet. For instance, if Tom is told to walk on his hind feet and doesn't seem to know the way to begin call him a good fellow and then gently take his front feet up, lead him around, talking encouragingly to him all the time. Let one foot go for a time, and when he appears to be confident let him walk alone. Talk all the time, even though you only repeat his name admiringly. This feat accompanied by music, sung, whistled or played, very rapidly becomes a waltz, and to make it doubly enjoyable Tom’s master can join in the dance. Walking on the front feet only requires a trifle more patience, and these tricks can be done alternately and at stretches of five or ten minutes. In teaching somersaults you will have to put Tom through the operation perhaps twenty times a day, and even after he has mastered the trick a rolling movement of your hands will he a necessary guide. If Tom’s master will just get down on his own chubby little hands and feet and go over himself he will be able to tell just how much of the exercise Tom may enjoy. In jumping begin low and increase the height a step at a time. Before you force Tom through tissue covered hoops allow him to jump through the open space first. A toy ladder or incline may be made with blocks for the dog to ascend on two legs. By a little observation you will learn to start him with the right foot. “Dead dog” and “lame dog” are comical enough, but require considerable training as a rule, while very little will enable Tom to bring and carry clothing, schoolbags, newspapers, balls, slippers and such familiar things to bis master. How to Become a Well Read Man. It takes much less time than is generally imagined to acquire a fair knowledge of history. Any average man who will pass the evenings of three winters in reading will rank as a man of remarkable knowledge in an ordinary company. After reading the short popular biographies, such as the Abbott histories, let hint take Plutarch, Smith’s “Greece” (small edition), Gibbon’s “Rome,” Allison, Macaulay and Ridpatli in the order named, which can be done in the time above mentioned, and he will be an unusually well posted man. How to Scale Fisli Easily. Dip them into boiling water for about a minute before beginning to clean them. The scales will come off much more easily than by scraping. How to Keep in Good Health.. One of the best ways to keep in good health is not to think or worry too much about it. If you feel strong and well don’t imagine that some insidious disease may he secretly attacking your constitution. Many people are like tl:e inexperienced traveler who anxiously iirqitirecr about th jlsymptoms of seasickness and how he**feiould know when he had it. One generally knows when he is sick, and frequently many supposably alarming symptoms prove upon investigation to be either perfectly natural occurrences or of very slight importance. How to Remove Coffee Stains from Linen. When coffee has been spilled on tattlecloths or napkins dry them as much as possible with a clean towel, and see that the kettle is where it will boil by the time the meal is over. When the linen has been removed stretch the stained part over a pan, holding it nearly fiat, and have boiling water poured slowly on every part of the stain. It will gradually disappear, and then the wet place can be partially dried and ironed. How to Keep Steel Knives. Steel knives which are not in general use may be kept from rusting if dipped in a strong solution of soda (one part soda to four of water), then wiped dry, rolled in flannel and put in a dry place.

How the Wliale Breatlies.

Close observers maintain that the whale, in breathing, never spouts water from the nostrils, as the ordinary jdctures represent. When it rises to the surface a foot or more of water over the head is blown away by the breath escaping from the lungs. This is followed by the vast body of air expelled, surcharged with moisture hot from the lungs, which, cooling, changes to vapor and in its circling descent resembles a shower of spray. How tlie Phrase "To Show the White Fcatlier ’ * Origin a. ted. In unfolding his wings the goose shows a row of white feathers, and this action signifies liis intention of flying’. Thus, the word cowardice has become associated with the expression. How to Support One’s Self in the Water. When a person falls into the water he will rise to the surface and remain there if he does not lift his bands above the water. A slight paddling motion of the hands at the sides will keep the head above water without danger of drowning until the person is rescued. If the legs are moved in the motions of walking up stairs the shoulders will he kept above water. How to Make a, Strengthening; Corflial. Beat one egg to a froth with two teaspoonfuls of sugar, then beat into a glass of wine and drink at once. How to Clean a Copper Boiler. Rub it with a fresh lemon from wMcli the juice has been squeezed out, amdi then wash the boiler in clear water.. This obviates the use of any acids about; the kitchen, the presence of which is always dangerous, especially in the hands of inexperienced cooks. How to Remove Ringer Marks from Varnished Furniture. Rub the furniture well with a very little sweet oil upon a- soft rag.

HOW TO WASH LACE CURTAINS. ft Is Simple Enough When Once You Know How. Shake the dust out when taking down, then spread across two lines and brush with a clean feather brush. Put the curtains, one at a time, in a tub half full of milk warm water, with two tablespoonfuls of ammonia added. Let them remain about fifteen minutes, squeezing them with the hands every two or three minutes to loosen the dirt. Continue this process until all have been through three waters, or until the last water looks clean. The ammonia need not be used for but two waters. Then put the curtains in a coarse white bag or pillow case and put in weak, tepid soapsuds made of pure soap, letting it come to a boil. Rinse and blue, then starch if desired. Pin over sheets on the floor of an unoccupied room, stretching to the original measure, which should have been taken, and fastening to the carpet. All the work should be swiftly done to prevent as much shrinkage as possible. How to Drive Screws in Soft Wood. Screws can be used in soft wood if powdered rosin be put around the holes made for them and the screws be heated before using. Another Vfpjfds to fill the hole with thick glue 'sfidt driving the screw when cola. How to Clean .. ~1l r. Wall paper can be made to look fresh and new by rubbing it down with a soft flannel or canton flannel cloth or bag tied over the broom. If very dirty, begin at the top and rub down with chunks of white bread cut ready for use. Rub always one way and discard a piece as soon as it is dirty. How to Tell tlie Sizes of Books. A little measurement from the following table will familiarize one with the most common sizes of volumes: Polio, below 18 inches; quarto, below 11 inches; octavo, below 9 inches; duodecimo, below 8 inches; minimo, below 6 inches. How to Make Cheap Carpeting. Tack layers of the cheapest cotton cloth smoothly down; then over this paper the floor as you would the walls. When dry add several coats of varnish. This makes a floor covering that will keep good for at least two years; can be washed and keeps its gloss. It is especially good on rooms that are not in constant use. How to Remove tlie Taste from New Wooden Rails and Vessels. Scald the vessel with boiling water, letting it remain till cool. Dissolve pearlash or soda in lukewarm water, add a little lime and wash the inside of the vessel with it. Lastly, scald well and rinse with cold water. How to Treat Blotlis in Carpets. If ingrain, lay cloths wrung out of hot water along the edges, drying them with a hot iron. If the carpet is heavier than ingrain, lift the edges little by little, steaming it on the wrong as well as the ~ right side, then wash the floor with hot cayenne tea, and replace the carpet when dry. This steaming- process destroys the eggs and the young moths. How to Wash White Silk Handkei’cliiefs. Put them through a suds of warm water and white castile soap, rinsing thoroughly. They can be bleached on the grass the same as linen. How to Prepare a Good Shampoo. A mixture of white castile soap, bay rum, lukewarm water and salts of tartar will be effective. The salts remove dandruff, and the bay rum will prevent taking cold. How to Clean Black Ribbon. If very dirty dip it in hot water and draw it through the fingers a few times, not rubbing it. Have ready a cleanser made by boiling - an old black kid glove in a pint of water a short time and letting it cool sufficiently to handle. Use the glove to rub the ribbon thoroughly. Then lay it under a paper and iron it. How to Make Polishing: Wax for Floors. Melt over a slow fire a pound of yellow wax, and stir in a quarter of a pound of oil of turpentine and the same or rosin. Keep over the fire and stir constantly until all are fused, then set off the fire, still stirring the mixture until it is cool. Apply it to the floor with a woolen rag, rubbing it in hard. How to Wash Hairbrushes. In enough hot water to dip the brush dissolve a piece of soda the size of a walnut. Dip the brush in and out without getting the water on the hands. When clean, put the brush in the sun or a, ’warm place to dry, first rubbing the backs with a cloth. Soap and rubbing tend to make the bristles soft. How to Take Out Ink Stains. Dip tlie spotted part immediately in pure, melted tallow; then wash out the tallow and the ink will have disappeared. How to Clean Books. Dnst them with a soft cloth, rubbing it firmly over the surface of the cover. If there is a great deal of dust the last traces can be removed by the use of bread or a soft rubber eraser. From the tops of leaves dust can be blown or brushed with a soft whisk. How to Stop Cracks in Jars. Mix equal quantities of white lead and white sand with enough oil to make it the consistency of putty. Apply over the cracked places and let it harden. It will besome like stone in a few weeks. How to Clean Precious Stones. Wash them in soap and water, to which has been added a little ammonia, potash or pearlash. Dry in fine boxwood sawdust. j How to Remove Grape; Stains from Car- ; pets. Wash them out with .warm soapsuds' j tnd a little ammonia.