The Obserber.
Saturday, January 28th, 1882.
Of all the miserable exhibitions we have ever assisted at in the Colonies, the contemptible fiasco at the Choral Hall on Thursday evening last was the worst and most melancholy. We Europeans ask the natives to dinner presumably m order to impress them with the cleanliness and luxury of our way of living, and then, to prove this unmistakably, Aye provide a meagre, vilelyserved, and indifferently-cooked scramble of a meal which would disgrace the hospitality of an up-country shanty. However the natives themselves live, tbey invariably offer their guests any quantity of food of various kinds ; but on this occasion a large proportion of both Maoris and Europeans arrived empty and went empty away. An old rangatira sitting opposite to lis described the situation with native appositeness. "We thought," he said, " that w r hen we came to a big town like Auckland we should get more and liner food than we had ever eaten before, but I, my friend, have had a far better meal than this in Cambridge." This sarcasm was pointedly emphasised by the look of infinite contempt and curiosity with which he surveyed the empty and undecorated tables.
<*. The Rccejjtion Committee have evaded"* the disgrace attendant on this ludicrous and annoying affair by blaming the caterer, Mr Dallen. We cannot, liowever, see that it was altogether his fault. 'He urges in extenuation that by the direction of the authorities he prepared dinner for 100 or 120 only, and that no less than 200 came. He also declares the time for commencing was fixed at 7.30 p.m., whereas everybody sat down half-an-hour earlier. These excuses are no doubt valid so far as they go, but they don't by any means explain everything. We should like to know, for instance, why a large proportion of the flounders were high ? why the poultry was deadly tough ? why there was no sugar on the table to eat with the sweets ? why the dessert was so meagre ? why there were no ornaments on the tables in the shape of evergreens or flowers? and why the wine and beer were so poor — so wretchedly poor — in quality ? At our table the majority could 'get little to drink, and rather less to eat. An energetic waiter changed the plates abotit half-a-dozen times an hour, but as he nevei* offered to put anything on them in the shape of food, we deluded diners didn't gain much by the • move. Whilst some at the table were piclring the remains of an aged and muscular fowl,;;a.
; good Samaritan put a bottle of claret on the table, which was immediately emptied between two or three Maoris and Europeans. Alas ! the triumph of the bibulous ones was short-lived. Ttie •claret was of the sourest and viii-ordinaire-est description ; indeed, half-an-hour later a Maori rangatira, who had partaken " not wisely but too well," fell a victim to stomach-ache, and might have been observed for the rest of the evening •slowly and solemnly rubbing the part affected.
The best feature of the affair was the speechifying, which, thanks to Mr Mackay's admirable services as interpreter, really apj)cared to rouse the Maoris into something like enthusiasm. It was noticeable, however, that though both Tawhaio and Wahanui sj) oke of their desire to be friendly with the Europeans they said nothing remotely inferring that they were inclined to submit to the Queeu. The speeches, indeed, ran in an exactly contrary direction, for with all it was "Tawhaio will settle this," "Leave it all to Tawhiao." Time alone can show whether this policy of recognition and friendliness, which now appears so desirable, is the right one. For our own part we think there are grave doubts. If the effect is only to increase the importance of the King party, and to induce Maoris to recognise Tawhaio, who never have done so before, then we may live to rue the day that we treated the nigger as a potentate and sovereign.
There is a family in Auckland, the members of whom abhor the Observer like the devil does holy water, and never lose a chance of showing their -animus against the proprietor. The cause is a paragraph that appeared nearly 18 months :ago, and contained a reference which, although not obvious to the uninitiated, was undoubtedly both disagreeable and mischievous sub rosa. This gem -came to. us from an intimate friend of the family, . and being fully aware of the f act, we merely glanced at the scrap of paper hurriedly, and passed it on to the printer without scrutiny. No sooner was the •Observer published, liowever, than we discovered a bombshell had exploded. Soon after 10 a.m. in -came the writer of the par looking very white and -evidently much excited. "What's up?" we queried. "Oh!" he said, "it's that bit about So-and-So. ' He's in a fearful fury over it, says it'll do him no end of harm at home and vows eternal vengeance against you." "But why," said we astonished, "it appeared to us a most •ordinary joke." " Well, I don't know," stammered forth the culprit " and then with much humming and hawing he indicated the double meaning. It is astonishing how self-evident these sort of things appear when you once see them. We were amazed at having missed the point and felt intensely angry with the writer. He, liowever, -cared Dothing for our wrath so long as we pledged our word to conceal his identity and this being the only course open to an editor who accepts "copy," we reluctantly consented. As a result, the So-and-So's thought we wrote the par ourselves, and have looked black at us ever since. The real sinner, on the -other hand, is still ostensibly a most intimate friend of the man he deliberately injured, and -we have little doubt he even blamed us to So-and- •' So for inserting the item.
The recent visit of Wilhelmj, and the concurrent gossip about violins, calls to mind- many old fiddle stories. The Duke of Edinburgh, when in Auckland, was suffering from a severe attack of the fiddle mania. An old Thames cow-keeper — wealthy withal, and a humble disciple of the art of Paganini — was the possessor of a splendid Straduarius violin fully 200 years old, and worth considerably more than its weight in gold. Colonel Balneavis contrived to borrow this valuable instrument, and showed it to H.R.H. The latter played a brilliant fantasia — " Mary had a little weasel," er "Pop goes the lamb " — and at once made up his royal nund to have that fiddle at any price. He, therefore, had recourse to Balneavis, and that worthy opened negotiations with the old dairyman. But "Milky" was inexorable; he would neither sell it nor give it away. The Duke was loth to part with the treasure, and delayed returning it. At last, one afternoon, the dairyman, believing in the spirit of the Scriptural injunction "To put no trust in princes," sought out H.R.H., and without any circumlocution, burst out with — "Prince or no prince, I'm d d if you clear out with my fiddle ; so just ' shell it •out' as quick as you sanguinary Avell like." Naturally the old man got his violin without any more trouble. On this self - same fiddle the Prince led the orchestra at the celebrated performance at the old Prince of Wales' Theatre, when his equerry, the ■lamented Elliott Yorke, played " Hamlet," supported by a company of professionals. The instrument was subsequently deposited in the Choral Hall, and was unfortunately destroyed when that building got burned down, for the lirst time, by the notorious Cyrus Haley.
. Independent of the stories we have recalled, this particular violin had quite a history. Balneavis-, who was an authority on such matters, and other connoiseurs were convinced that it was a genuine Straduarius. About thirty years ago ifc was the property of a poor blind fiddler in Strasburg, who, in his palmy days, had been a member of the Court Orchestra of one of the petty German princes. The cow-keeper, who was a' strolling player at this time, happened to visit the grand old Rhenish town, and, coining into contact with the old musician, he managed to purchase it for a sum equivalent to £1. He was subsequently offered £100 for the instrument, but would not part with it for any consideration, retaining possession till he came to New Zealand. The subsequent incidents "in this strange eventful history" are told above.
A gentleman, just now staying at the Star Hotel, throws considerable light on the later doings of our old friend, Mr Sydney, or Solomon, Landeshut, .who, as recently as December last, had escaped from Christchurch and reached Melbourne, where, in the character of Captain fcLa-deshufc, ex-officer of the United States army, 'he once more became an honoured and successful chevalier bf fortune. When first Mr M. made
the acquaintance of Mr Landeshut, that Hebraic reprobate was an honorary member • of the Athenamm and Melbourne Clubs, a popular man about town, and an esteemed guest in the best Victorian society. Amongst other places, ' M. met him at the house of Mr McMillan, manager of the Union Bank of Australia, and he can name numerous other families witli whom " that dear Captain Landeshut" was quite a " tame cat." The chief thing M. (who is as 'cute as any Yankee himself, and by no means likely to be taken in) noticed about the agreeable American was his extraordinary luck at cards. He, too, had had a little experience of sharpers in his time, and so, without absolutely disbelieving in Landeshut, he avoided playing with him. One night, however, at the Club (it is unnecessary to mention which) , a party sat down to enjoy a flutter at shilling " Nap " (or Napoleon), and, seeing the stakes were not high, M. joined in. Time passed quickly, and almost imperceptibly the stakes were raised, first to five shillings, then to ten, till eventually they .vound up at a pound. Sovereign "Nap" is pretty heavy play, and M. soon found it to be so, for he rapidly parted with, a large sum in sovereigns, and had presently to begin writing cheques rather freely. Others at the table lost also, but Landeshut won unceasingly ; in fact, at 2 a.m., when the party were turned into an upstairs room, and called for fresh cards, he had pocketed between £200 and £300.
Up to this point there can be no doubt whatever that Landeshut was cheating, probably with the aid of marked or bevelled cards ; but the change upstairs affected his plans disastrously. The "fixed up " cards were thrown away, and to have touched them again or suggested using them further would at once have excited suspicion. Deprived of his weapons, the sharper's luck became the same as, or rather worse than, anybody else's, and for the rest of the night Landeshut lost, though not heavily. At a late hour the Napoleon jwrty broke 112), and the gallant Captain then proposed to play M. at ecarte for £10 a game. This challenge M. declined to accept ; but instead they played a few hands at £0, M. winning. He thinks it probable Landeshut did not cheat on this occasion, because lie wished to postpone the fleecing process till he knew him (M.) a little better. When they parted the American was oppressively civil, pressed M. to come and visit him at the United Service Club Hotel, and eventually made an appointment for 1.30 the following day. Having no card with him, the gallant captain wrote down his name and address on an envelope, which is now in our possession, and, by its similarity to some writing of Landeshut' s which Host Cairns of the Star has, sets at rest any question as to the party's identity.
Next day, at half -past one, M., accompanied by an acquaintance, went to the United Service Club Hotel, and asked if Captain Landeshut had come in. The barmaid, who was evidently bubbling over with excitement, said " No," and added that there were two gentlemen in the next room anxiously waiting the gallant Captain's return. The manner in which the young lady said this seemed so peculiar tliat M. asked for further details, and it then transpired that the two gentlemen were two detectives come to arrest Landeshut for having been concerned in a diamond robbery which had recently taken place at a house Avhere he visited. M. did not wait to see the arrest carried out, nor docs he seem to have interested himself much in the details of the prosecution. He says, liowever, that he believes the case was pretty clearly proved, and Landeshut committed for trial. We mean to send to Melbourne for the daily papers about that time, so as to sift the matter to the bottom. Meanwhile, it may be presumed that this extraordinary swindler has at length over-reached himself, and is at present expiating his many sins in Pentridge stockade.
When one has been humbugged onself it is always gratifying to find that others liave been " diddled " too. We make no doubt, therefore, that the families and gentlemen whom Landeshut took in Avhile in Auckland will be glad to hear that he penetrated with equal ease into the sanctum-sanctorum of Melbourne society, and was an honoured guest at houses to which even they themselves would feel proud to be invited. Both stories, however (we mean both the Auckland and Melbourne histories of L.'s career), carry with them a self-evident moral, and form a powerful argument in favour of that exclusiveness which many people affect to consider snobbish, and unnecessary in a new colony. As a matter of fact, it is more essential to be particular and exclusive re one's acquaintance in Auckland than it would be in London. There you move in your own set, and no stranger can enter it without everytliing being known about him. Here, on the contrary — thanks mainly to our brummagem aristocracy being ashamed of their own relatives and antecedents — a young fellow with a good personnel and apparent funds has only to arrive and scrape up an acquaintance or two to be at once put up at the Clubs and invited everywhere. Impostors have deceived Auckland society again and again, and yet nobody seems to learn, wisdom. Only the other day we had some doubts re a person made an honorary member of the Blank Club, and expressed them privately to one of tho committeemen. He quite agreed, and said others had their doubts too, but no one liked to take the initiative. We really can't see the difficulty ourselves. If a stranger is a gentleman, and a fit person to become an honorary member of a Club, he ought to have no trouble in proving the fact. Mysterious •notabilities, who scorn letters of introduction, and travel on the health " lay," we would rather let alone. They may, of course, bo all right, but far oftener they are all wrong; in fact, mere " had eggs," who have left their country for that country's good.
Landesliut, witli all his acuteness, was a fool j in fact, the fellow's most remarkable quality was his splendid audacity. He had been exposed and shown up in Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, Dunedin, and Sydney ; and yet, without changing his . name o_ taking any precautions whatever,
he goes to Melbourne and recommences with perfect coolness the same old career of swindling and imposture. If he possessed any feelings at all, the man's life can only have been one of unending torment ancl expectation. Daily, hourly, almost momentarily, the dread of exposure must liave haunted him, and why he kept up the game so long, instead of taking advantage of the money he won at cards to decamp to Europe, seems altogether inexplicable.
The luckless pauper who does dirty work for the great Queen-street money-shop is going mad. Impotent hatred of the Observee'luis softened his already addled brain, and in a few weeks he will, without doubt, be safely domiciled at tlie Whau Asylum. We have not read the unfortunate fellow's abuse for several weeks past, nor have we the smallest intention of ever (willingly) looking at his unsavoury publication again. Friends (confoundedly good-natured friends) however, inform us that in each successive issue his feminine and hysterical shrieks against the Observer become wilder, more spiteful, and less coherent. The whole miserable broadsheet is full of us. The blacksmith editor can neither think, speak, nor write about anything else. The Observer nnd the persons connected with the Ousekyer engross his whole fuddled brain, such as it is. Persons who doubt our facts have only to bay one single copy of the print. They will see enough there to convince them how extraordinarily and completely the poor wretch's mind has been unhinged and embittered by our success. He is so full of his hatred that he can scribble about nothing else ; indeed it is a positive fact (at least so our manager assures us) that in the last three numbers there were close on one hundred -paragraphs about either ourselves or the Observer.
If this idiotic and shallow scribbler had wished to prove unmistakably what an influential and widely circulated journal the Observer is he could -scarcely have selected a better course. Men are not all fools, and when they see a rag of a paper, such as our friend's (which has avowedly no circulation, and seldom, if ever, contains a new advertisement) , devoting column after column to slanging in the foulest Billingsgate the proprietor of a highly successful opposition organ — who never answers the attacks by " yea" or " nay" — they know what to think. It is the beaten hound that whines, and the reptile one has accidentally trodden down, that spits at you and tries to sting. In this instance, however, impotent hatred is also quickened by expediency. The man is a pauper — an unprincipled pauper — and his sole means of subsistence consists of the odd sovereigns which firms and persons who dare not attack the Observer openly pay him (sub rosaj for libelling us. We have at present in our employ one of the most talented leader writers in the colony, who is nobody's enemy but his own. This gentleman was for a short, a very short, period, in the employ of Mr Impecuniosity. At his earnest and repeated solicitation at a time when Mr Impecuniosity was occupied in defending two informations for libel, the gentleman referred to temporarily edited the rag, and contributed almost all the literary matter, except the spiteful and venomous paragraphs. For this work, which was done out of pure good nature, and without any specific agreement, he was irregularly paid from one to two -pounds per week. Finding the work expected of him uncongenial, he accepted a much more advantageous and respectable position on the Observer. Since then he has been grossly abused and libelled in almost every issue of the Vulcan-lane rag, because he would not consent to become the tool of a clique and do their dirty work for "bricklayer's" wages. On one occasion (we have the date) he asked the editor why, in the name of commonsense, he attacked the proprietor of the Observer so bitterly and frequently ? What, think yoii, the reply Mas ? Why, " X., of the BanTc ofsent for me and told me to slate ?iim."
No pledge of confidence was either asked or given, and there is no reason why silence sliould be observed. Now, we do not for an instant mean to aver that Mr K. did make use of the expression attributed to him. He is a bank manager and a gentleman, and, though Aye never liked him much, we can hardly believe that he would condescend to the inconceivable and contemptible meanness of bribing a jn'ofessional liar to slander us. That the Bank in question gets the credit of inspiring these blackguardly attacks is now, however, admitted on all sides, and if the management are innocent, the sooner they prove themselves so the better.
When at last, after numerous waits and much band -playing, a ragged-looking flounder (the scent of which appeared to be more powerful than savoury) was placed in front of the fine old buck Maori Avho sat opposite to us at the Choral Hall feed (?) on Thursday week, he seized the fish in his fingers and devoured it voraciously. Unfortunately the plateful was not a large one, and after two or three mouthfuls, bones alone strewed the emp ty platter. The Rangatira then commenced to look around for further food, and observed amongst other things that a European (a little old gentleman) sitting next him was fucking rather suspiciously at a fine large fish before him. This to tho Maori no doubt seemed criminal neglect of good, food, so, seizing his European friend's flounder, he transferred it to his plate, ate it rapidly, and then with touching politeness replaced the bones on their proper plate. The fishless old gentleman was at first perfectly aghast at the calamity which had befallen him, but presently he cheered up, and seizing a claret bottle, drank a glass of that delusive liquid, and for the rest of the evening kept aj>ained silence.
Wken a vessel Hke tlie Coromandel goes to sea with only six able seamen, there must certainly be something sickly about our shipping authorities. As very little is known of the affair, the story will stand relating correctly. A short time since the Coromandel came out from London, carrying nine seamen rated A.B. Since she has been in harbour one was discharged and two absconded, leaving six on the vessel. Now the Coromandel is only required to carry eight able
seamen, and could have come out from London with that number. At all events no fresh hands wore shipped here, and the vessel was about to go to sea with three men less than she arrived with. The six sailors objected, ahd two, of their number were taken before Mr W. J. Hurst, J.P., who said he thought (a el .P. thought !) that the men were right, and referred them to the Collector of Customs. From what followed it would appear that tbis second authority knew about as much as the first, for after going over the vessel's papers he said she had the required number of sailors, the fact being that the cook aud steward were counted in the number, while almost anyone knows the pair have nothing to do with handling a ship. Had those interested taken the trouble to . go to the shipping clerk, who is paid to be an authority on such matters, it could have been settled at once ; but as it now stands, the Coromandel has probably been knocking about on the coast during the late gales with but six seamen — a number wholly inadequate to handle the vessel.
Extract from the Chronicles of Hawk : — Now it came to pass in the reign of King Tawhiao, of the tribe of the Maorites, dwelling in the land beyond Alexandra, that the great men of Hawk threw off the yoke of Queen Victoria and paid tribute unto the Maorites, and received the mighty King Tawhiao with the harp, and the tabret, and tlie cymbal, and gave unto him many rich offerings of cunning workmanship, and passed under his thighs, and rejoiced greatly. 2. And in those clays there dwelt in the land of Hawk a certain man who was a seller of flour, and the same waxed rich, and had many lands, and houses, and slaves, and he was a mighty man in the land and a great, and an elder of the church likewise. 3. And "this man said unto himself. " Lo, I .am one of the wise men of Hawk ! Behold, I will build myself a great granary, wherein I may store the wheat from the fields, for liave I not dreamed a dream that there will be a sore famine in tlie land ! I will buy up all the grain and sell it to the bakers of bread, and thus shall I increase my store of silver, and gold, and precious stones, and fields, and oxen, and sheep, and beasts of burden, and slaves." 4. And he called unto him certain cunning artificers and workers in bricks and stone to build the great granary. 5. Now it came to pdiss when the foundations of the granary were laid that the people of Hawk marvelled greatly, and said unto each other, " What is this great building that this mighty magnate buildeth unto himself ?" 6. But, behold ! a certain money-changer went forth to view the foundations, and his soul was exceeding troubled within him at the many shekels of silver and talents of gold that were wasted thereon. V . And he went to the owner thereof and said, " Lo, now, come let us take counsel together. Wherefor shouldst thou waste thy substance in building this granary? 8. And the building of the granary ceased from that day, and the foundations thereof only remain.
A Correspondent writes : — A lively sense of favours to come is the unmistakable feature in the conduct of some of those who have been most obtrusive, as well as effusive, in their demonstrations of welcome to Tawhiao, the so-called Maori " King " — " a king of shreds and patches." It is the weakness of little men, and the trait of " snobs," to want something to worship in their silly way. If they worship God on one day of the week, they bow the knee lo Mammon and rank on the other six. If they cannot approach their legitimate sovereign, they are content to bask in the effulgence of " the King of the Cannibal Islands," in the hope that some of the borrowed light may be reflected on themselves. There are others, however, who. are "snobs" from interest, not habit. Fulsome flattery and semi-disloyal sycophancy are the avenues to the easy acquirement of great blocks of land, and the enrichment of themselves, relatives, and dependants at the cost of the people. They kill Nabo'th with kindness, before they steal his vineyard. They are like the boa-constrictor that slobbers its victim before swallowing it. __ere we have in Auckland Justices of the Peace, Government officials, and men who would indignantly resent the slightest question of tlieir loyalty, deliberately acknowledging and acquiescing in the ridiculous airs ancl assumptions of a self -constituted "king," unknown to the Constitution, legally a rebel against the legitimate sovereign, and a shielder of murderers and criminals. Blinded by covetousness, these men are willing, for the nonce, to make their loyalty to the Crown, and then* obedience to the Constitution subservient to the acquirement of further vast areas of land, which, if acquired at all, ought to be the common property of the peoi_le.
Meanwhile, the Government of the Colony sits on a rail. On the one hand it keeps up a pretence of-non-interferenee and non-official responsibility, wishing to produce tho impression that the welcome is the spontaneous act of the whole people ; while, on the other, it permits its own agents and officials to pull the wires, in the hope of claiming the credit of any success that may attend the affair, and achieving a political triumph. The people of Auckland are being made cats-paws of by the Government and a selfconstituted committee, some of whom are actuated by motives of love for our dusky brethren, and solicitude for the future peace and welfare of the Colony ; but the others, who have been most fussy and sycophantic in' buzzing round Tawhiao, are moved by their cov'etousness' of the Maori lands. It is not that they love snobbery less, but that they love big blocks more. And now cvi bono ? The people have seen the Punch-and-Judy Show, they have seen this rara avis in terra, " the Maori King," have paid to see the live lions feeding, their curiosity has been gratified and theii' wonder excited by the spectacle of snobbish adulation and flunkeyism. But, again, cvi bono ? Is it enough that the people are cajoled, blinded, and humbugged by empty pageants, deceived by the shadow, while the wolves grasp the substances ? Is it that -the Hohaias are to remain in possession of their runs, and greedily grasp more? Was Tawhiao's ".poroporoaki," the knell of a dying race, and are the great landsharks and monopolists to sit lik* ghouls over its decaying bones, in the midst of their ill-gotten broad acres ?"
. I trow not. • Tawhiao and his immediate advisers "know a hawk from a handsaw." They are not to be deceived by fine speeches. They ' take the pakeha champagne and food (as Maoris will take anything you give them) ; but they will think twice about putting their signatures to deeds of conveyance. They will even inspect, •without a trace of emotion, fine allegorical pictures in weatherboard, gimcrack " castles," but they Avill hardly care to furnish the materials for another such simulacrum. To people who look below the surface, who penetrate this grotesque mask aud hollow sham of savage heroworship, and flunkey lionising, there is more than meets the eye of the dupes of the wire-pullers in the Pnnch-a'nd-Judy Show, of the man with the drum and pipes, of tho man who swings the balls to keep back the vulgar crowd, ancl the ■man who goes round with the hat. It has been •the hobby of Paul Tnhaere for years to establish a Maori Parliament, with certain independent .powers of legislation and taxation. He has repeatedly held mock " parliaments " at Orakei, posed as Speaker, passed resolutions and by-laws, and filled piles of foolscap. At first he seemed to have some vague idea of acquiring for his countrymen certain rights of fishery and forestry under the Treaty of Waitangi, which made th,o guarantee of these right conditional upon the acknowledgment of the Queen's supremacy. Later, he ap- • pears to have aimed at some, absurd scheme of combining the obtaiument of these rights of fisheries and forests with the consolidation of the supremacy of the " Maori King " over the native tribes, with only a very vague recognition of the Queen's supremacy. In 1879 he invited Tawhiao and his principal chiefs to attend the Orakei " Parlia-ment." Tlie scheme only fell through in consequence of Tawhiao' s illness. Since then Paul has frequently visited Tawhiao, with the result that a meeting has been arranged between the Kingites and the Kaipara tribes, with' whom the Orakei . Parliament originated, and who have been its principal supporters. The object of this meeting at Kaipara may be thinly disguised under the veil of tangis over old bones, feasting, and koreroing ; but should it result in a consolidation of Tawhiao's power and an enormous increase of his influence by an alliance between the Ngatihaua, Ngatiwhatua, and Ngapuhi, we must saddle the blame on those flatterers and sycophants who have blinded themselves and other_,and given Tawhiao an exaggerated and false idea of his own position and importance, in their anxiety to aggrandise and enrich themselves. What have we got from Tawhiao ? No renouncement of his claims to a sovereignity independent of the Queen, and unknown to the Constitution, no pledge to deliver up murderers and criminals to the law, or to allow the Queen's writ to run, but merely a kind of promise in a royal condescending style that if we remain on our good behaviour, if we do not molest or disturb him, he will permit us to pursue the even tenor of our way. Thank -him for nothing !
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Bibliographic details
Observer, Volume 3, Issue 72, 28 January 1882, Page 306
Word Count
5,245The Obserber. Observer, Volume 3, Issue 72, 28 January 1882, Page 306
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