FARM AND DAIRY.

Taranaki Daily News, Volume LII, Issue 99, 24 May 1909, Page 4

FARM AND DAIRY.

An animal worth keeping is worth keeping in the proper manner. The value of an old horse depends largely upon his treatment when yonug. lu 1835 luilian elephants fetched .t4o, now they run up to JiSOO a-piece. franco uses' more wool than Gro;ii Britain—Mso.UOO tons to Bntiuis i. 200,000. ' Have a place for your milking stools off the fioor. A long bench is a good thing. If there is any dill'ei .nice in the treatment at weaning time, puL the mare on short rations. Phlloxer and other vine diseases lia'/e cost the vilioulturalisU of California 75,000,000 dollars. Wheat rust is limited to no section or grade of grain, but is encouraged all the world over.

Xo horse is ever cured' of shying by punishment. The dread of punishment will only increase his timidity.

Ground phosphates are suitable for particular kinds of soil and for particular and special treatment of soils. Many valuable colts are never developed into the kind of horses tbey might have been under good treatment. Pigs developing a frame, and those being prepared for the market, should receive entirely different attention and feeding. Mr. D'Arcy Reeve mentions in the Field a cart mare in his possession •which he has every reason to believe is over forty years old. When your boy begins to figure to show the cost of keeping a cow, don't i say that prows he ought to be a merchant! It proves that he should be a business fanner.

Injury to the udder is likely to result if the milk cow is allowed to sleep on frozen ground. Cows that are fres'hly in milk arc more susceptible to injury than those that have milked all summer.

Cow peas make an excellent food for dairy cows when combined with other grain and fodder in proper proportions. They are highly concentrated and nitrogenous.

With good care and judgment 80 per cent, of all pigs should live and develop. Camel meat is now being imported from Algiers and Tunis in large quantities into France.

When cream is kept at a high temperature for a long time, the butter will have an old llnvor.

il'igs often catch cold when small, and a cough follows them a long time, if it does not carry thcin off.

The average period of usefulness of the horse u curtailed several years by tlie inadequacy of the teeth. A pound of mutton can be produced a great dvnl more dicaply than a pound of either beef or pork. A quarter of a century ago farming was a dying industry in France, while to-day it is in a nourishing condition. The cow should be turned dry from four to six weeks before freshening; but her feed should not bo curtailed. The condition of the drop-pings h an excellent index to the manner and condition df digestion and the health of the cow. In starting a dairy herd there are four fundamental principles to consider

—■breeding, feeding, care and selection. All must be blended if the work would be most successful. Milk fever generally occurs within three days after calving, although it may come Oa before calving, or several weeks after. Of all the known methods of treating milk fever, tit?: injection of sterilised air into the udder is by far the most simple. Learn to judge the build of a good horse; what points are favorable and why. Good horses arc needed on the farm as well as elsewhere.

The horse is peculiarly constituted i.i not caring for any object that he often *•«.'«. Once frightened, the same object thereafter becomes a terror to him. d'nrmers must move with the age, and keep up with other professions, not to be years behind. I'oor animals should not he set aside .to breed if strong, healthy offspring are to be desired.

A pebble in your shoe will give you a fair idea of how a horse will feel with a sore under any part of the harness. lie who overstocks his pasture damages his land, and is at the mercy of the weather. He who has more stock than food in winter finds stock-growing unprofitable. The llockowucr who has' a large number of ewes that he desires to mate with one male should give, special attention to have his ewes in good condition at mating. H is a mistaken idea that many veterans entertain that every case of hillamation of the eyes that horses arsubject to, of a recurrent nature, will result in blindness.

If we read the signs of tlie timts aright, we arc now entering upon a new era (says an.exchange). High prices for land are far from being a blessing; still, there [is no doubt Unit in the ease of the dairy industry the abnormal piTcc now ruling for land is one of the main factors tending to the improvement of the milk yield per cow. In view of the high price of wheat, Mi-. TF. V. Hawkins, the Victorian Government poultry expert, advises poul-try-keepers' to feed their fowls with equal portions of short white oats and crushed maize, tie says that this mixture is heating, that it aide ego- production, and that it is cheaper than wheat.

According | 0 the United States Department of Agriculture, a good milch goat will give at least two quarts of milk a day, a nd have n period of lactation of four 10 six months. The quality of milk from the common goat is said to be as good as from a cow, and the liealthfulnes's of goat's milk is everywhere acknowledged and recommended o.v those who have investigated the matter.

lAbout Anna Creek, South Australia, south of Oondsidalta. owing to the good season for grass, rabbits have multiplied in a phenomenal way until there are millions of them, eating out grass and trees and the root, 0 f edible shrubs As a result stock have had to be sent away to relief country, excepting *heep An attempt is being made to hand-feed these, but unless rain falls shortly it will l, c impossible to coiumne this plan.

Experienced llockowners fully realise tiiat the condition of the ewes' at matinhas a marked influence not only on the numlier of ewe? to become pregnant at he iiret mating;, but on the. vitality of the olFsprmg. When young, lucerne i s ~„ic k ly- destroyed by weeds, it must be sown on clean land and cultivated the first Tear which can only be done by growing it in rows. When once established it can take care of itself.

In the lucerne regions- of imer'ca brood sows „,-,. fed exclusively on incernc liny m winter, and pasture in sumwhatever, is fed. 'As a result the sows am always strong, vigorous a ml hcnlt'iv Hrood sows should „ways have snlii' «nt nutritious food lo keep them in food eon ition. At farrowing time (he sow should not bo too fal. If «l,„ ballad plenty of exercise and is in fair condition she will be better prepared' to care tor her offspring. ' There ia conclusive evidence that wheat-growing l,as proved, and is still pioMng, highly remunerative to those vngnged in it. and as the naturally rough-and-ready methods of the pioneer's give place to belter and more advanced ones, ,t is not unreasonable to expect that it will prove still more profitable .Since Hie export of slaughtered pi.,* from Denmark to Great liritahi was commenced. th„ „hl 1,,,,,,; of vm . fat *]\' m ' '." ,s l,; replaced by t]„. \, n - k . imr'.' 'tV n,iS '"' ml I,i,S ] ™ n k-D|>t I" "'• [here are only a few breed.'rs wiii-prefer to mix it will, the old Danish .' f f""' 1 ' tl«- '«ico„ imlustrv has <l< "' oped so mu,.!, (he -aumber of'swine '.is been iiK-reasmg year by year, while •' niiin-ber of ~|,eep is going eonstaiuTv