GERMANY.

Colonist, Volume III, Issue 270, 22 May 1860, Page 4

GERMANY.

A very remarkable debate took place few days ago in the Pruosian House of Deputies on the Italian question, a petition from 300 to 400 citizens of Breslau in favor of Italian independence and the principle of non-interference furnishing the occasion. The Gqvernmentstrongly deprecated the taking up-by' the house of ao grave a subject on an occasion so accidental and. irregular. Various speakers, Herr yon Vincke in particular, remarked that this was no fault of theirs, inasmuch aa the ' standing orders contained no provision, as in the English ,Parliament, for members raising a discussion without putting a motion. ; The, discussion took a wide range, embracing the whole of the • Italian embroilmenti the Liberals placing themselves all on the side of Sardinia, while the Conservatives and the Cath6Uc3 joined' ;hands iii denouncing their conduct in the strongest terms, Oa the latter' side the best speech* by far was,that of Herr Eeischensperger, whose name as that of an eminent advocate of Ultramontane views, as in fact that of the Prussian Count Montalembert, is not altogether unknown in England. \ He used as his chief argument that it was impossible to talk of the principle of non-interference as long as 50,000 French troops were in.Lombardy and 8000 in Rome, and in face of Prince Napoleon landing in Tuscany and the entry of Sardinian troops into the Romagna. Jwst as strongly biassed; as this speech ou its side; was that of Herr yon Vincke on the other., He denounced the conductof Austria in still stronger terms than the opposition speakers had applied to Sardinia, and told these latter, in the most ■unsparing terms, that the time had arrived ■when all the twaddle about legitimacy on one side and revolution on the other bad to be given up, seeing how great a number of throne 3 in Europe already had no other foundation but revolution, and that until somebody could tell him with what year revolution ceased to be revolution aud became legitimacy, which, in fact, was the exact term for the right of prescription in politics, he must characterise these two terms as utterly meaningless. The petition contained a passage, referring to- the necessity that Sardinia, with whatever inoreuse of territory, she: might come out of the present complication, ought to be left mistress of the passes of the Alps. The Liberal, speaker expressed his full; concurrence with; the petitioners concerning this pointj and in thi3 instance drew cheers. from both sides of the house. The debate, at

last, brought the Foreign. Minister,' Herr ivon Schleinitz, out, regardless of his previous disclaimer, and he briefly stated i.wbat part the Prussian government had taken; in the latest aiegotiations about Italy, confirming the fact that she, in conjunction with Russia, hadiproposed the convocation of an European- Congress> to regulate and sanction the new state of things, but that this proposition had not proved realisable. He designated as the line of policy] which the Prussian government would continue to pursue, one whose sole object would be, to i prevent the outbreak of an European war. The, house then aqcepted the simple order of the, day wfth regard to, the petition. The Weiner Zeitungol March 11 relates a tragic story:—Not long ago tha rnilitary!authoritieß we*© under the painful necessity of ar-. resting General August Barou yon Eyriatten, and of bringing him before a* court-martial, it being strongly suspected that he had been gijritt^ of gross frauds while at the head-of the ! military administration in 1859. Soon after; the; proceedings had begun Baron( von Eynatten was obliged to admit,facts which. lVft no "dpubt that; he had culpably abused the powers entrusted to. hito. Although the authorities had taken all the usual precautions to prevent such an occurrence, Baron yon Eynatten, who was evidently; suffering under the pressure of a heavily burdened conscience found means to .take his own life during the night between the 7th and Bth of March, and, so to escape the punishment which awaited him. The deceased left a written document, in which he, with the expression of heartfelt repentance, repeated the confessions he had made, and implored his injured 'sovereign to /pardon: him." When Baron JEynatten was first taken to the military prison, he was subjected to the customary examination, and everything with which it appeared likely that he could do injury to himself was taken from him. He was not, however, made to lay'aside his, uniform, which was that of ani officerof.' Lancers,; hq. being second prorpietor .of the regiraentj of Uhlans which bears the name of the, present Emperor of- Euasia.' During the nighty of; the 7th the unfortunate man separated from j the back of the'cbllftr of bis uniform;■ those'embroidered cords (abo^t- aß^hick asia fipger^whieh! Polish Lancers wear iroun^ttheirji^ieck^i an<l, banged himself with: them. M; .voa Eynattenbad previously tried to destroy,' hipiself byjforcing^ breast-pin:into his hearty but the a^mptar yrhich he xaade; failed,'an^i ptisbibly because tie wass a corpulent jnan. 1 hs;^ft^se, body v bas three minute wounds-otftb'e'left'side-of tße" «li^t. la the document cieutioaed in tha

Weintr Zeitung Baron voa EynatteQ expressed a hop* that the manner of his death might not be made public; as he wished his wife to think he had died of apoplexy. It is said that the unfortunate man refused to mention the names of any of his accomplices. [A rf cent letter of the Vienna correspondent of the Times says:—•" At the outbreak of the late war Lieutenant-General yon Eynatten, as commissary-general, requested M.. Richter,* the principal director of the- Credit Bank/to purchase for the State a large.quantity of corn and flour. As the commission wasj executed to the satisfaction of the commissariat department, M. Ribhter wassubsequently ] frequently applied to, and at' the time it wasl)e--lieved that the State had' reason to be Well | content with the articles supplied by the Credit Bank, and also with the prices charged for them. After the arrest of-Batron yon Eynatten, however, it was reportedl that "there had been a secret understanding between' him and some of the contractors. M. Riohter was lately arrested when about to enter the Credit Bank. A lieu-tenant-general was also arrested. The events of the last few days have produced an; exceedingly painful impression on the,.army, and the Emperor is tiai'd'to be extremely dejected, and to look ten years older than he did when He] left this city for Verona ten months ago. It is an undeniable fact that the standard of ''morality is mudh lower in Austria than it' was a'few years r: v■'■;-'- v- v: :>> ■• '■■:'■":]:' - >-■; The J Mowing most important despatch, lannoutioißg thatfthe Sardinian government haseoniented to the demand-of France ta' effect cession of Savoy and Nice, not by application of the principle of universal suffrage, but by special treaty between France and Piedmont.excluiivelyn comes to m from. Turin*; and thus tendi to :oon« firm a report which was recently spread, to the effect that a bargain had been struck between the two governments, in consequence of which the French troops would remain in Lombardy, while Count Cavdur, on his side, would give up all further hopes to oppose, openly or secretly, the annexation of Savoy and Nice to France/ The despatch is dated March 15;— " The Sardinian government'has consented to the demand of Frauoe to effect the cession of Savoy and Nice by a special treaty to be conoluded between France and Piedmont. The treaty will be followed by a vote of the. Munij cipalities, and the two contracting parties will afterwards communicate to the European Powers the nature of and motives for this terri- ! torial arrangement between them. By this arrangement Sardinia cedes to France Savoy up to Mont Cenis, and Nice up to Villafrauca inclusive. Thus all the passes of the Alps will be, possessed by France, which likewise obtains the districts of Chablais and Fauoigny. Mr. James Fazy and Dr. Kern have been informed by the French government that France declines to enter into negotiations for ceding Chablais and Faucigny to Switzerland." The official Dresden Journal of -March 15 publishes a powerful article on the annexation of Savoy, in which it says :— " the whole blame is to be attributed to the policy of England, which shook the bases of peace agreed upon at Villafranca, and te the passive attitude of the other Powers on the non» realisation of the treaty of Zurich. To offer auy opposition at the present moment would bo too late, as the annexation of Savoy to France may be regardedas an accomplished fact." [In connexion with the above we quote the following from a debata in the House of Commons : —QThe question of Savoy was again raised by Mr. Kinglake, who asked Lord John Russell whether he had any objection to lay on the table of the House his answer to Lord Bloomfield's despatch of the 3rd of March ? . Sir Robert Peel remarked fihat the information which was reaching England was very serious, if it were true. He was in the zeceipt of a telegram that morning from Annecy, stating that Savoy was being canvassed from one end to the other, and that the municipalities were perfectly ready to vote for annexation to France because all sorts of,terrorism was used, as,fin the first revolution, to excite these poor innocent people, who were led to believe that their annexation to France would lead to no serious consequences. Mr. Bright had on a previous evening; said-—" Perish S&voy!" It has perished, and with it will perish all. the liberties of Europe. Thiu annexation will not only affect the future interests of Piedmont, and the independence of Switzerland, but it is the first act of. a conspiracy against the rights and privileges of every European, State. Lord John Russell said the despatch contained an account of conversation between Lord Bloomfield and Count Schlienitz, the Prussian Foreign Minister, and the French Minister at Berlin, and did not call for an answer from him. Lord John 'had had conversations with the Prussian Minister in England, and he could state that England and Prussia completely coincided in their view of the case. He did not think he could say more than he said in July last and in January of the present year. Lord John then .announced that he had received a despatch, from M. Thouvenel to Count Persigny, in which he stated a case for the annexation, which had become "a necessity,,'' founded upon the fact that the position of .Italy had been, rendered better and that the position of France had consequently becomei worse. It was \ added thatthe opinions of; the people of Savoy should be collected. From the terma of the despatch, he .could hardly view it as a reference to the great 3 Powers of Europe; anil he doubted whether: an., answer would have much; effect. The^ matter was of such: serious importance, anirequiied so much grave deliberation, that he could not say. what answer he should give. -.He. would, hpwever, submit an" ansWer to the Queen, t 'as little delay ''as pbssibtfVahd/as soori as iireclwed her Majesty's approval, he Would lay it on the table of the Hou^e. , .; : ;