FRENCH POLICY IN ITALY.

Colonist, Volume III, Issue 223, 9 December 1859, Page 4

FRENCH POLICY IN ITALY.

The Moniteur of September 9th published a long article explaining the reasons which caused the Emperor to conclude peace at Yillafranca, and laying down indirectly the principles upon which his policy with regard to the revolutionised States of Central Italy will be based. The following is a summary of the article :■ — The Emperor of Austria had promised to grant concessions on a large scale to Yenetia, but requiring, as a condition sine qua non, the return of the archdukes. The Emperor Napoleon accepted these conditions. It is easy to conceive that, if after the conclusion of the peace, the destines of Italy had been entrusted to men who had more at heart the future of their common fatherland than little partial successes, the aim of their endeavours would have been to develop and not to obstruct the consequences of the treaty of Yillafranca, and then Yenetia would have been placed in the same position as Luxemburg with Holland. The archdukes will not be re-established by foreign forces, but that portion of the treaty of Yillafranca not having been carried out, Austria will ■md herself freed from all engagements taken in favour of Yenetia. Instead of a policy of reconciliation and peace, a policy of defiance and hatred will be seen to reappear, which will entail fresh.misfortunes. Much, it would appear, is expected from a Congress, which we hail •vith all our wishes, but we strongly doubt ;hat the Congress would obtain better ;onditjons for Italy. It would not be right o .ask from a great Power important Mcncessions without offering equitable compensations. War would be the only way o resolve the difficulty; but Italy must be ware that one Power alone makes war for m idea, and that is France, and France aas accomplished her mission. This somewhat enigmatical manifesto has been discussed at great length in all '.he countries of Europe. In France it has been interpreted by those who were most skilled in unravelling the imperial ruses as being the preparation for a coup by which the Duchies of Central Italy are to be formed into a new kingdom. The kingdom is to be styled Etruria; and the prince who is to rule it is Prince Napoleon. It appears that the Cabinet: at Turin was already fully aware that the French government was resolutely opposed to the annexation of the Duchies by the King of Sardinia. Of course the Austrian journals * speak of the manifesto in very eulogistic terms. It will be seen from the intelligence which we give under the head of Italy that the restoration of the old dynasties in the Central States is rather a hopeless project.

~,,-, v TURKEY. The Sultan was lately on the point of death from a severe attack of fever, but his health is novr restored. A commission has been appointed to consider measures for reducing the export, and increasing the import duties. Saffet-Bey has left to attend the sittings of the Montenegrin Boundary Commission. The French government has intimated to the Porte that it would support the Suez Canal undertaking merely for commercial and. industrial purposes. Disturbances continue at Creta. Advices have been received from Constantinople to September 7« The Sultan nearly lost his life recently. An lonian captain commanding an English steam-tug drove his vessel twice against the imperial caique, and the Sultan was saved with great difficulty. The captain has been arrested, and Sir Henry Bulwer has assured the government that the most searching inquiry shall be made into this affair. The governor of Candia has sent in his resignation. The smuggling of arms continues there, and the seizure of a bombvessel charged with powder has been made. The political agitation in Servia is on the increase. The National Assembly (Skuptschina) has been convoked.