NEWS FROM ENGLAND To 16th AUGUST.

Colonist, Volume II, Issue 111, 12 November 1858, Page 3

NEWS FROM ENGLAND To 16th AUGUST.

'The Emeu, steamship, arrived, at Sydney on 'the 13th ultimo, with the July and August ■mails. The intelligence received was conveyed !to Auckland by the brig Gertrude, and to the ■New Zealander of the 6th instant, and the Hawke'sßay Herald ofthe 30th ultimo, we are 'indebted for the subjoined :— * (From the 'London Correspondent ofthe Sydney Her aid.) London, 6th August, 1858. Parliament was -prorogued by Commission on 'the 2nd instant, when the Lord Chancellor read 'the following speech fVem the throne:— Mv Louds and Gentlemen— We are commanded by her Majesty to express her ■satisfaction at being enabled to release you from the •duties of a.session which, though interrupted, has, by your unremitting assiduity, been productive of many •important measures. Her Majesty. is happy to believe that her relations with foreign powers are such as to enable her Majesty :to look with confidence to the .preservation of general peace. ■•' - ' Her Majesty trusts, that -the labors of the plenipotentiaries, now sitting "in Conference at Paris, may -lead to a satisfactory solution of the various questions which have been referred to them. The-effortp, the gallantry, "the devotedness displayed in India by her Majesty's forces, and those of the East Sndia Company-;, have been above all praise; and her Majesty hopes that those efforts have already been so far crowned with success, that the "formidable revolt -which hasTflged throughout a large portion of her Indian possessions, may.now., under the blessing of Almighty God, be speedily suppressed, and peace be restored to those important provinces. In this hope, her Majesty has given her willing assent to the Act which you have passed fortransferi'ing to her direct autborit}'the government of hex Indian dominions: and her Majesty hopes to~be enabled so to ■discharge the high functions which she has assumed, ■as,-by a just and impartial administration of the law, to secure its. advantages alike to her subjects of every •thco" and creed'; anil, by promoting^ their welfare, to establish and strengthen her empire in India. GeNHWIMCX OF THE HoifSß Or COMMONS— Her .Majesty, commands us to thank you for the juf diciou? 'liberality with which yon luvc made provision for the exigencies of the public service. T.hepresent stato.of the revenue authorises her M«'jeSty to entertain a confident hope that the sup-•plies-which you have granted will be found fully adequate to the demands >upon them. Jlt Lords and Gentlemen— The sanatory condition of the metropolis must al•waysbe a subject of deep interest to her Majesty, and h?r Majesty has readily sanctioned the Act which you hapj passed for the purification of that noble river, the present state -Vif which ,is little creditable to a great (country, and seriously prejudicial to the health and .cojn fort -of the inkabitants-o'f the metropolis. Her Majesty haß also willingly assented to an Act whereby greater facilities are given to the acquisition by towns and districts of such powers as may be requisite for promoting works of local improvement, and thus extending more widely the advantages of municipal self-government.' fHer, Majesty trusts that the Act which you have passed for the government of the Scotch Universities' wttl be found highly'advantageous to those veuerablo institutions, and will; greatly promote and extend a nyjstem of 80uM, moral, and religious education in

The Transfer of Land Bill, which extends the powers hitherto exercised by the Encumbered Estates Commissioners, and facilitates the acquisition of an indefeasible title by purchasers of land in Ireland, cannot fail to be highly beneficial to the landed proprietors, and to advance the prosperity of that part of her Majesty's dominions. The Act to which her Majesty has assented for the establishment of the colony of British Columbia, was urgently required, in consequence of the recent discoveries of gold in that district; but her Majesty hopes that this new colony on the Pacific may he but one step in the career of steady progress by which her Majesty's dominions in North America may ultimately be peopled, in an unbroken chain, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, by a, loyal and industrious population of subjects of ths British Crown. Her Majesty thankfully acknowledges the diligence and perseverance which have enabled you. in a comparatively short time, to pass these and other measures of inferior, but not insignificant importance Many of you, in returning to your respective counties, have extensive influence to exercise, and duties to perform, of hardly Jess value to the community than those from the labors of which you are about to be released: and her Majesty entertains a confident assurance that, under the guidance of Providence, that influence will be so employed, and those duties bo performed, as to redound to your honor, and to promote the general welfare and the happiness of a loyal and contented people. , • There are reasonable grounds for believing that the Indian mutiny may now be pronounced at an end. The last army of rebels has been dispersed, and from the frontiers ofNepaul to the sourthern Mahratta country, there seems no body of men likely to give any serious trouble. All that we have to do is to tread out the embers of the revolt; and these, although both numerous and widely spread, are not more than may be extinguished after the hot and rainy, weather has passed away. We are in hopes, now that two of our mortal foes have just met with « suitable retribution, that the | two remaining miscreants, who have systematically shunned ft personal collision with the British, will ere long meet their deserts. Tantia Topee and the rebel Navrab are now nothing more thtn homeless | fugitives, without guns, without troops worfhy of the name, and absolutely without prtatigt. From the time that the lamented flavelock encountered them, their career lms been one of alternate plunder and defeat. Hunted from place to place, and at last driven out of Oude, they sought refuge in Calpee; and from thwnce they fled to Gwalior : hut no rest awaited them there. Sir. Hugh Rose, whose standards have floated in victory almost as many times as those of Havelock and Campbell, drove them out of Scindia's capital, at the head of a rabble, to I seek refuge where they might. A flying column thundered at the heels of the miserable multitude, and left them almost without the means of defence. From the next column that encountered them they must again fly in disorder, until worn out or annihilated, they cease to be even troublesome. A like fate awaits, if it has not already overtaken, Nana Sahib and the race of new Dacoits in the north. Fighting with them may be said to be at an end ; the next campaign will be one of vermin-hunting and extermination. In round numbers, there are now about 30,000 European troops in India, and these are being largely reinforced. Her Majesty, the Prince Consort, the Cabinet and Members of Parliament, have departed on a visit to Cherbourg, to witness the opening ofthe docks there. London, August 10. The Atlantic telegraph cable has been successfully laid down between Ireland and Newfoundland, but the instruments have not yet been attached. Signals have, however, been received to and fro. j A message from Queen Victoria to the President of the United States, was one ofthe first missives ! transmitted along the electric wire. i The Queen has returned from Cherbourg, and has again left with the Prince Consort (August 10) on a visit to the Prince and Princess Frederick William of Prussia, at Potsdam. It is to be of an entirely private and domestic character. Her Majesty was most enthusiastically cheered by the French people. Already the good effects of this practical demonstration of amity between the Sovereigns and the people of the greatest nations in Europe has been productive of favorable influences. Uneasiness as to the real attitude of France towards England has disappeared. "London, August J6. Very little else hns been thought of during the last few days than the late demonstration fei-e, or ceremony at Cherbourg. The speeches of his Majesty the Emperor, on the occasion, have attracted considerable attention, ami have done much to disabuse the public mind of an intended invasion on the part of France* on some convenient occasion. His Majesty observed that it appeared to be his destiny to accomplish in peace the grand designs the Emperor conceive!? during war. It is not an eveiy day occurrence for sovereigns to indulge in mutual flatteries when engines of offence and defence are the only subjects that can with propriety be discussed. It is a far more extraordi- ! nary occurrence for the representative of a power which is supposed to be check-mated in its own waters, to do honor to the threatencr. Bitt it is only fair to say that Louis Napoleon performed admirably the duties of host. The spirit in which he invited Queen Victoria to view his vast preparations sustained him while he exhibited to his royal guest the strength and imposing features of the place. He received her right royally. She had come to see the place; her host determined she should have a just conception of its strength. j Every gun belonging to the fortress was brought | into active service for needless salutes. Her Ma- j jest)' could scarcely move without 3000 guns being i called upon to repeat the unnecessary emphasis !of their presence. It was not sufficient, to contemplate the Sebastopol of the Channel from the Bay. The whole scene—the miles of fortifications, the vast workshops, the entire arsenal must he presented coup d'ccil, as if still more delicately to confirm to the august visitor the hint which the occasion and the invitation were intended to con- j vey. And all this compliment has been paid with a courtesy and received with a simplicity which form a curious' incident in the history of the French alliance. It is satisfactory to know, however, that the British Government is not insensible to the fact that from this time forthwith an efficient channel fleet must be constantly maintained. For many years past a squadron of this nature has been a mere holiday affair, causing a temporary expenditure essentially disgusting to a certain portion of the community. We hope that there will novy arise a national feeling of unanimity on the subject. Not the least curious result of the completion of Cherbourg has been the boastful tone of some of the French journals, Moniteur de la Flotte in particular, on the subject of the French navy. As if to complete the semidefiance *of the late ceremony, a serious attempt has been made to revive the long-forgotten glories ofthe French marine. And England is asked to remember the defeats of the last war, in the matter of certain vessels, whose namesakes now constitute A part of the Cherbourg squadron. The action of the 27th of July,. 1779, and the frigate conflict of the 13th December, 1809, are particularly alluded to, but the facts of the eases are quite misstated, . though with the feats of Nelson, Howe, Jervis,: and others in remembrance,.-., we can afford to give our neighbors the benefit of any doubts that. may exist in regard to the actions referred to. Tiie East India Company elected their seven members" to the new India Council, on Monday— Shepherd, Eastwick, Mangles, Prinsep, Mills,. Sir James Weir Hogg, and another, whose name we cannot call to mind. The five directors who held seats as nominees of the Crown, were rejected. The Government have now eight nominations, which will include Sir John Lawrence, Sir H. Rawlinson, and Mr. Willoughby, and on the Ist September, as the partridges come in, the East India Company will go out.-' Sir Colin Campbell's peerage «mS Sir John Lawrence's baronetcy have been gazetted. Sir Colin becomes Baron Clyde, of # Clydesdale. Mr. Pemberton Leigh has been raised to the peerage as Baron Kingsdown. Lord John Russell and Lord Palmerston had previously offered him a peerage, hut their offers were declined. It is now reported that Mr. Tatton Egerton will be made a peer; his son will be elected to succeed him in the representation of North Cheshire. The Royal Agricultural Society have at length done the inventor of the steam plough the tardy jastice of presenting him with the premium

of £500. With Mr. Fowler's improved machine ploughing can now be done, on light land, at from -I 22^ to 25 per cent, less, and on heavy land, at from 25 to 30 per cent, less than by a pair of horses with the best tackle, and the lightest "Howard." The 6th of-August will bo celebrated as the anniversary of the completion of telegraphic communication between Europe and America. This time the Agamemnon and^the Niagara have accomplished their mission, and the success of the enterprise has been everywhere hailed with the. greatest satisfaction. At Liverpool, the flags at the To>vn Hall and the Exchange were hoisted in honor of the event, and the stars and stripes were flying at the American Consul's. Deep sea telegraphy is yet in its infancy, bat the success of the Atlantic must eventually lead to electric communications between great Britain and her principal dependencies. An adventurous individual, the other day, bought a share in the Atlantic Line for £800: yesterday the shares were done at J900! No discovery of modern times has given rise to more folly than submarine telegraphs. One simpleton gravely proposed in a morning paper that posti should be erected at the bottom of the sea whereon to fasten the electric cable. This is fully equalled by a proposition that has appeared in the papers this week, said so emanate from a wiseacre who comes all the way from the United States to make a fool of himself—or of us. This clever device for conreyihg the telegraph from Europe to Ainorica consists in having it supported by buoys every, 400 yards, the cable lying in festoons from buoy to buoy. It would be difficult to say which of'the two propasitions is the more absiml—either would be good evidence of insanity before a commission of lunacy. Whether the first electric cable that has spanned the wide Atlantic, and placed the old world and new in instantaneous communication i^ to be durable, or whether the hopes of the country, to suddenly inspired last week, are to be «oo«ied to temporary disappointments, remains to he seen. The sjreat fact, however, that the cable has been laid, can never be forgotten. It may prove, like the first steam-engine or the first steam •hip, « clumsy contrivance or acostly experiments, compared with what it will be hereafter; but something approaching perfection is sure to be ultimately attained. Now that success has attended the second attempt, other lines will be laid down and at once ; and the next tiling for electricians to do is to invent cheaper cables. Pregnant as the work just accomplished is with untold advantages and unknown results, it is scarce likely that jointstock compauies will "go on for every laying down cables at an expense of £'200,000 or more, if they are exposed to a new .and undiscoverable, and irremediable, chapter of accidents. The great desideratum now is a cable which companies can afford to lose, and which can be laid down in such numbers that there will be no fear of interruption to that close, hourly relationship between England and America, already recognised as a great necessity of the times. It is with pride that we remember that this Atlantic telegraph is essentially an English undertaking. The conception and the execution were alike our own. It would savour of folly to attempt to predict all the consequences that are to flow from the achievement. Already ai-e we calculating the additional strength and security which accrues to England by means of instantaneous communication with her transatlantic possessions; already has she taken the first step in carrying a similar auxiliary into the distant waters of the Pacific; already we see India within a few minutes of us, and hourly communication with the antipodes has nothing Utopian in it. Possessed of an empire on which the sun never sets, the time may be foreseen when England will see herself blessed with a sort of übiquity, so far as her own subjects are concerned. Even in these days of marvels, it is difficult to conceive anything that promises greater advantages to mankind than the system of oceanic telegraphic communication, which, from this one victory, will receive a new and irresistible impulse.