Miscellaneous.

Te Aroha News, Volume V, Issue 213, 30 July 1887, Page 5

Miscellaneous.

Cream Separators. —All cream is separated from the milk by one or tv.-o methods, viz., the Swart/, system and the separator. Previous to the last few years the former method was the one in general use ; but since the perfecting of the beparator and the reduction in its price it lias been very laigely adopted At present there are upwards of two thousand separators in use among a people largely agricultural, and numbering little over two millions. The separator is almost a necessity for them, as the circumstances under which they are placed differ very greatly from ours. The country being agricultural, there is no market for skim milk ; it is, therefore, all made into cheese. To make cheese from skim milk, its nianufactuie cannot be begun too soon after the morning's milk has been drawn from the cows ; because in their climate to wait longer a risk is run of more or less acidity setting in. This would be almost sure to spoil the quality of the cheese ; therefore to obviate this separators are veiy largely used, the separated rmVk at once being made into cheese. Tho cream is set aside for twenty-four hours to ripen, after which it is churned at a temperature of from fiftysix degrees tofifty-sevendegrees Fahrenheit. Their t mailer class of churns are generally upright, having a revolving vertical shaft with dashers, the larger ones being horizontal. In both cases the body of the churn remains stationary, the shaft with dalie^s moving inside. A Good Horse for Farm Work.- Upon this topic a writer makes the following ?ensible remarks : — We certainly need a horse that is strong for farm work, willing ar.d of kindly disposition, a good walker, and at least a fair traveller on the road. A strong horse is always the most economical animal, though lie may be required to do more than a weaker horse could do by taxing its strength to the utmost. No animal system should be strained. It should be required to bear no greater strain than it cau bear with icasonable easo. If we strain a machine we injure it, injure it every time we strain it. If we run it at gieU speed we wear it out sooner than if Aye iiin it at lower speed. Tho horse is a machine, and what is true of the machine in matters of which we have spoken, is true of the horse. In planting orchards for profit in marketing it is important to select such localities as have proved favourable to the production of the fruit selected. For home supplies less care is required. The market orchuidist must be able to produce crops at so low a rate as to give him good returns after deducting all the expenses between his orchard and the final consumer. The man who raises fruit for his family only avoids the risk and expense of careful assorting, cases for packing, putting up for market, express and freight charges, commissions, and the risk of delay, rotting in transit, fluctuation in prices and glut in supply, which the shipper has to encounter in a greater or less degree. Hence in planting for ma.ket, the most favourable localities arc to be chosen and their fitness determined by actual trial before largo expenditures are incurred in setting out extensive orchards, and the same proof of experience must determine the most suitable and promising varieties.