THE GARDEN. [By Hortus.] Budding.

Te Aroha News, Volume IV, Issue 188, 22 January 1887, Page 1

THE GARDEN. [By Hortus.] Budding.

Jka the budding season is now approaching, a few lines on the Bubject may be of use to some of our settlers who may have a few stocks in hand. Apples, pears, and plums succeed just as well budded as trees which are graftjed, and anyone who may have a few stocks of the above in hand should bud them during the noxt month, as the operation is just as easily performed as that of grafting, and as at this season of the year there is generally more time to devote to the garden than in the spring, when everything haa to be hurried over so as to get work <dQue before the hot summer weather sets in. Another consideration is that if stocks are budded now and a few fail, you have «ttll another chance by grafting during the TDOxt spring, All stone fruits such as peaches, plums, etc., succeed better budded than grafted. " By inserting buds on the tudea of bare limbs of trees those buds in Vinoe will produce shoots and branches, thus filling up blanks. It is also possible by budding to produce any number of varieties on one tree. I have seen twenty-four different kinds of pears growing on the same tree. If it is young stock that is to be 'budded see that they are all healthy and of vigorous growth. The best stocks are those that have been raised from seed cuttings or layers. Suckers should sever on any account be used, as they are •are in the future to produce sucker growth Also, which is a constant drain on the tree proper and a considerable nuisance at the ~«*m.e time. Trees from which the bud is taken should also be healthy, as any buds taken from unhealthy trees are sure to reproduce any defects which the parent tree possessed. Another great feature in getting feuds ia only to take them from such ; trees ac have borne fruit, as they will to a i cftrtainty reproduce fruit exactly the variety which you want. The ehoots from which the buds are taken should be nice well- 1 formed shoots of this year's growth, choosing only the best of the buds on each shoot ; those with a fine healthy leaf and well formed are the beat. Buds of the above class will in time produce a good healthy tree, and in a few years fine crops of fruit if well looked after. When a shoot has been selected choose a j bud, make an incision above and below, cutting out the bud with a portion of the wood and bark attached, about an inch to an inch and a half in length, the bud being one third of the length distant from the top ; then separate the bulk of the wood from, the bark, leaving a little speck under the bud which is called its eye, and without -srbich It will not grow. The bud being low prepared, make an incicion ir the stock Jilte the letter T, taking care to cut completely through the bark without injuring the wood. The bark is raided on each side and the prepai'ed bud inserted. A bandage in then applied po as to exclude the air from the wound— and the operation is completed. Remedies for Pesta. Orchard Inspector Bascom has obtained from a number of leading growers and nurserymen recipea which he has found -effective, a few of which are herewith submitted. All that are quoted are for spring «d summer use, and are applied cold : A. Block, Santa Clara— One pound of American concentrated lye to one gallon of water; or one-half pound of lye, caustic soda or concentrated potaßh to one and onequarter gallons of water. John Kock -One pound of concentrated lye to each gallon of water. This will not anly kill the scale, but if applied annually d urine the season when trees are dormant will be found a preventive. R. D. Fox— One and one-half pounds of salsoda to one gallon of water, adding onehalf gallon of whale oil to twenty-five gallons of the mixture For pears he has used with great success coal oil 110 degrees test pure, but would not recommend pure coal oil for any other tree. Newhall, Settle, Hannay— Whale oil batter composed of on« gallon of water, three quarts of milk, three quarts of whale oil ; mix through force pump and then add twenty gallons of water, mix well and apply cold ; or one gallon of whale oil soap to six gallons of water, add one gallon of rold oil, mix well and then add nine gallons of vater, keep well'stirred. Mr Proctor, spring wash, especially for red spider— Four pounds of whale oil soap and one pound of buhach to ten gallons of water. For scale, for spring or summer — One pound of concentrated lye to eight galions.—San Francisco "Bulletin." Growing Plants from Cuttings. The old way of rooting cuttings in a small glass bottle filled with water is a good method when a hot-bed cannot be used ; but the bottle should not stand so close to the wiodow as to become hofc, and thus scaid the rootlets. A little cotton or wool within the rim of the bottle will prevent evaporation. In two or ihree weeks the roots will be plentiful, and then the cuttings may be transferred to thumbspots, or if tho season suits,' into the bede. As each cutting is taken from the bottle dip the roots into a little warm sand until each fibre is coated ; this will keep them apart and present wilting. If pote are used, nearly fill them with a rich Bandy compost and pres< it to the sides so as to leave room ia the -centre. Put the roots in gently and "give the plants a little twist to spread the roots, or eeparate them with a hairpin. Then

put in more soil and press it about the roots. Tight pressing is one of the secrets of success in raising plants from cuttings. Water the young plants well and shade them at first from the sun. Cuttings can also be started in pots of sandy compost, with a glass tumbler over them to confine the moisture and keep them from the sun two or three days ; then place the pots in the warmest windw, exposed to the southeast, Weat sand is also good for growing cuttings, and they will start quicker than in compost. A shallow pan is preferable; fill it with sand (not sea sand) sopping wet, then press in the cuttings tightly and keep them wet. When new leaves show themselves, in two or three days transplant into pots filled with light sandy loam. After shading a day or two they must have ample sunshine and sufficient water to keep them moist. Cuttings taken from the fresh growth of soft wooded plants strike best, Cuttings of roses, heliotrope, and all hard- wooded plants grow better if taken off at the junction of the old and new wood, and should be cut off just below a point or bud, as the roots start from that point ; and if a bud is not left near or close to the base, the cutting is liable to decay in the soil.