RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

Samoa Times and South Sea Advertiser, Volume I, Issue 53, 26 October 1889, Page 3

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

' If it hn trnr, u cabled, tbnt Raeeia r eouteinp"at.<« 40 ■tUck on OooaUutU * r. >}.ln, or leuriog (he Strait* to m to * command the exit from the Blaok Bee.. * Kit rope cannot he far from the 000J (titration »o long exacted, and vbien * all beliate to bt wooer or later InarU- '• able. In thai oaee, Rami* mat U ftlyikg on ftwatrajit*. or ea * bee oTa f*W*> keep Sofia*! «* r ' la

i ■ ii amwff—acsg IT'« ■«. TVa alio had not if*** - ! th* f 'i*pian Sen. Now all* baa croaawl , -ha ilea 'ft, and attached to her Empire I lM »Btt troctt Wwi>.m it and lo.lr, I ayMafc were al untt '# re inrofnt* uulv J » few »•.!»■ ago. I la people .»'«> wild ■ no-»iad Tartar*. <»f ».hf> nte« that overrun !■ ■nd terrified Kur p<» in bygone dart. ; They w« ttj'l formidable from the j i-alerjtv of their tnovomeut*. Robber* ah! plunderer*, tbev were a to.ror to I i*>o ivi'inopy Per*iu?i* who«e eou.ilrv 1 they ;.<>.-dnred. and wh«*e weak Severnj n:e it could not i«p«l 'h«m. Rmhlo^aly slaving the old wnd the h»lpleea, lh»v I oar i«l tl.o voting and the active into 1 cm •! alnverr. The immense territory • v. ; ii'h th<»*e TurtH'P occupied or I ravaged vn* once flllod with rich and ; pnpn'o ii citi«*. It hu now become ; ch'-iflw a aaudv or *tony wa*te. a few sr. 'live.! onaea offer n home to the nomnl*. and front thorn they emerged ' oo their muidcrou* raid*. Aiming until* tlitit of -Herv he* alwi«ya ' W>n reuiarlnl l*» for it* ot'Nl and • fertility, covering ntt area exceeding ! <«n million «f««, well cultivated, and with a population exceeding a hundred ' thomnnd *'»uln. _ Ywmity rear* ajo tlio active ea*t- ! Tor<l m irch of "J,'i»-in began, but ft i* I inly du.iujf the ]»%t ten venr.i, jli.it I he- pr>2reM ha* been marked. F<»r «vn<" ynr« «ffor \%61 bor nttemji'e to i Icnep >n i'ck 'he T«'t.ir«, en*t of ! tho o,i |i : ai, •v.'ii> vain -Various I expedition*. chicf|v againet t!>e Tekke {Turcoman*, of the " Akhul" o**".*. .filled nfter MjfTe;ing severely and ) 'ojfig many live*. This oa*ia i u4-!er dielia- of ihn fast mountain I ma;e Mretching, li'se a huge wall. ! from the Caspian to the noitb-ess; I border* of Persia and on to Affgbnni*- : tin. Fen y*-a.-a neaily were pa*s»! in ;:it devdtory n?htia~.' Grena-al the i attacked the oan">-Al I Turkoman fortress of <ieek Tepe. f'l me!* wc■■« Mh on'v moan*, of transport, ail ho !>*t 5.17? out* of 12.271 wirh which hi* expedition* started. . il» h>»t abo ii very great.'. <ionntitv of the *t>r»B and tm-litigation car:i"l ' by t!i» camel*. nn*l wa* forend to ' iD'.'t* ii ili*t«troit* ;-etn<al Ixima'.inn w«H «inc o-ie.l bv Skobeloff. fr«**a f im ii:« eio'eii* 'inr : nx the Turkish .»«. Aru'.de wee J>!cel t '.,'.<« (!"-.!*n.i'. nn-l v n'ut on<"« *hlft"J ; !ii» '.m*e on Mm f> rt«piiii to *'ie (iie - >,, l.,»ur im' t: .an->vodak KkoSelnff n s> ndi;it<>l i hi•'l rtruiio.*! inrd>> 'o , him hv Hc-.'-h! A'lnemkolf, cltief of I t':* t •MBi.i-l iinpi-ttncnt, w'lO 'Mi^r; ! t!,c fornn!ii>n of a r^ilwuv ' i'(*r'<v« t!m f!o»i»rt \»!iich til"'.' inul *<> • iftn i ittoini '."!<] to )inn"tr:t.» in vti::. S«<»1 rai'nfor ;oito>il«*of !in*. oriircd d : hi;; tli i 'rH'- in the a.vl • 'v ns iiii«t»eil in Kmope.iii ;?u»a u, i *>ri> tr.'*;»or»od > ''>*< I'aapinn. and «t-.r'd were cmveyajl 1 lown tli« Vo'gH a: '.".•"it ro«i, and 'Nndo! M TTr** >v ■ !•'; Pi "ii the • r , i».:«ti cn*twa»', i im cou.it i v waadrv i ,I'l.i !■•».•' .: :: 1 tliO l.nilwHV iua !e i'»p : ;>:ojr»!;" ":' n li':'* tr« i.r »ii! t'.<> ! uiich sMid vror» tiie child ob'.tec't**, **' it. at fur a* (.laiiticaotc, flio *ano >»a* conao'iJati) 1 l-y --a vt-'er f.oiu ! rho t'^at<*!>»«• ti. .t*''. ii minv ;'ur'» li» i ' i.T~ ' h'iilt'ii.-''of f!iv For-!ri iki:isr - ir-nnfK t'ie *c.i witer w>.« di*'i.led . i" f r,h TT.,f.r roa'J he •• ■ i.l retail . froii tfl.» Per-:»ii I.ill* l "'-'. V-i-pt iri ■ Ivn -ice .' t')«!i to. mi] ii Jiin.in .-;••, ! I 1 I, «*o m" 1 tiu» hithorto iinpri-^ I 'mlile Geok Tepo Foriy t!io:iß.ind 1 vnnCdent n id bo.tati'ul Tar,*ra ir«/e I r>«*p»nri'cd to onpoie '.i a The I nlaught'T wnii terrific, :n '. the Tart*,-* I west thoroutrhly nn<l petinanttn'ly ! aubdned S'uue thoa the TJwwian I polioy toward*'hem hu* he«»ii marfec'. nr R"ea' ki!id|inw>«. and nopain« him l'0»n to f'-atei-niao wiwh them I Tn T)iM>emhor, I RSI, flkobeloff renchod , Kiril A; vat, which lie occupied with "it ! liffjc'iliy. rieiiiij now 145 miloi fi^ipa j the f'a«pi«in, with a railwav fo the. full diatance, he begun expedi iopa which pndml in hi* occtinying Me. v i^ Pebinnrv, 18R4. That "city and «>• h«*ia woe annoxed and Rus*in ,•** plnoed in i\ moet com maud ing p titju i with retp.'-t to l]okhnr<t an.' AfKhaniatan. A year lator, in Maroli, , iSdl. oecai e.l n't Penjdoh the rolliaion -Viii< !i very nearly ended in war *batween Kncland and itu*sia The Rua•ten* ooatiiincd to move atc.idily eoet, n*>l byU>ecember, 1885, reached Askabnd. which thoy liavo made the capiUil of theL- newlr-created Trsna • Caspian pt>vince Six rujutb* later (Jnlv, ia4A>4bn railway reached Hmrw, .-OO mileefrom the CatpiaD. Tbattor it tli carried l.tO nidoa furthar, and otoaaad the Oxua bv a wooden bridge. rapidly built. In Mar, Iftftft, the fir*t railway-train entered In triumph into the ancient, renowned, and dilapidated •ity of Samarkand, anoa-tha oapiul of Hva oonqoaring Tln>««r f and oomaandlag to* KbaauaU of Pokbara, with Mat «• law Irada of Owntrrd -Aai*. Hiailifcuii ia 900 atika aaat from the

»', rW|ia, of whom 1500 wet* employ* I \ under them were many toovanad* * Tnrkomana and Bokharaitaa, and tl , liao ooly averegea per mil ' Ita avora*f« epeed with heavy train I however, ia only \£'< 15 milea j. 1 lionr. iha rhxapnee* ia dn* to tl . I-»"I aature of the emiwtry and the « s , M>ure nf rivora, whilo bricka we 1 euaily obtainod in grant nii'jbn > f inn tho ruina of the ' M liti 1 through which the line runa.