OUR BABIES.

Stratford Evening Post, Volume XXXIV, Issue 45, 16 October 1912, Page 7

OUR BABIES.

(By Hygeia.) Published under the- auspices of the Society for the Health of Women and Children. "It is wiser to put up a fence at the top of a precipice than to maintain an ambulance at the bottom." MORBID HABKS. In response to a series of letters of inquiry 1 gave last week some notes on "Earth-eating," and other morbid habits liable to arise in childhood. The further extracts given at the end of this column from Dr. Still's lucid and authoritative remarks, based on his very extensive London experience, throw much light on the subject and should prove helpful to any parents engaged in the difficult and supremely important task of trying to get a child whose habits have gone astray back into a normal channel. It will be seen that the basis of treatment is preventive—viz., the establishment of a strong, well-nourished healthy body. Lack of control tends to manifest itself in restlessness, insomnia, nervousness irritability, bad temper, muscular jerkings, and spasms, incontinence of urine, and faulty habits of all kinds, including sexual perversions; all these manifestations being specially characteristic of the child who has not been properly built and trained as a "healthy animal." From childhood to the grave the power of control and of healthy selfdirection is at its height when the digestion, nutrition, and bodily health and potentialities are at their top notch also. I

HERIDITY. Of course, heredity is an important factor. Undoubtedly children of socalled "nervous parentage" arc more liable to acquire morbid habits than children of parents who are less alert and more stable and phlegmatic; but the child born with what is called a "nervous temperament" can be developed in the direction of its more desirable potentialities, instead of being allowed to drift into wrong channels. Everything depends on the feeding, training, etc.—in other words, on the environment. * . u ~ ENVIRONMENT. Parents should realise that "Environment can knock ''Hereditty into a .cocked -hat"—that 'the- guardians and directors of a child can do everything by proper feeding, .'..■•■care*»-:and ! -,ati<Hk tion indeed,i the more nervous the tendency of a child on account of unstable heredity the ,tnore\carcjf,ul fchohkl :th.e parents i lie to rear andtrainit'on sordid and I sensible lines. As Dr. ■'.Clous ton sayfe, "Morbid potentialities need never become actualities." 'Once a child is born we can't change its heredity; but it is our duty to leave no stone unturned when we take charge—there is no limit to what we can effect by means of environment." We owe every child its "natural rights"—thqtripht to be* swell vandvrogularly fed] |to be given plenty' 1 of outing and .exercise, plenty of fresh airj t and4sun|ight, etc.—and surely the 'claims oil society of those who start handicapped 1 in any%ay w tlsf' : strou£' -a&'the'.claims of thoso who' start with' no' such disabilities. EXTRACTS; FROM ARTICLE ON MORBID HABITS.. . , ; ~

."There is no period of life at'which habits are sq easily .established-as in childhood ; but, fortunately—for, like rank weeds, bad habits grow faster than good—-childhood is a plastic age when the deep ruts of habit may yet bo smoothed away, and custom moulded to new tracks." «

"Very curious is the habit which liar been described as pica, or dirt-eating; 'it is seen mostly in the later half of infancy—from one to two years of age; but, as Dr. John Thomson has •pointed out, it begins sometimes in 'later childhood, when from any cause the general health fails, and the child becomes anaemic. Dr. Thomson has recorded eleven cases in nine of which the habit began before the child war; two years old." "I have, notes of fourteen cases which have been under my care—seven boys arid seven girls—not including throe cases of hair-eating, which ought, perhaps, to come in a different •category." "The history of the child with pica is sufficiently shown by the following cases:—

"Ivy J., aged 4 \ years, was sent to me by Dr. R. M. Stewart, of Dulwich. Since the age of fifteen months she had had a craving for what her mother described as 'rubbish.' She was particularly fond of green stuff, such af raw cabbage leaf and potato peel. /, fortnight before I saw her she had pulled down a clematis in a neighbour's garden and eaten the leaves. She would also eat the wax faces of her dolls—had eaten live between Christmas and February—and at timer had eaten sand and mortar, and had also eaten part of her pinaforte. When taken to consult a doctor, she was found eating the papers in his waiting room.

"She was a very passionate child but apparently of normal intelligence. Her appetite for ordinary food was very poor. She had had threadworms since the age of two years. "The only acute disturbances which had resulted from her morbid appetite was after eating privet leaves, when acute gastric symptoms had occurred.

"Muriel J., aged three years, at the age of 14 months, began to eat earth, and when placed in her 'pram' to stop this she sucked the mud off the wheels and ate it; she had a groat fondness for eating mortar, which she picked out of the walls; she had eaten the tops off a dozen safety matches and candle grease was also a favour' ite. She ate the legs and arms off all her dolls if they were made of composition, so that only china dolls could be used. She had a very bad appetite for ordinary food, and was so

passionate that the day before I saw her she had thrown a scissors at her sister when thwarted of some desire; she had also suffered witii night terrors.

"She sometimes passed earth with her stools, and had also vomited earth. Her mother stated that she herself had suffered at the age of 16 years witli a craving for blotting-paper and linen and used to get out of bed at night to eat towels."—(Geo. Frederick Still, M.D., F.R.C.P. Professor of Diseases of Children, King's College, London.) (To be continued next week.)