THE CAT-O'-NINE-TAILS.

Otago Daily Times, Issue 72, 7 February 1862, Page 1 (Supplement)

THE CAT-O'-NINE-TAILS.

A correspondent of '•' Lloyd's London Newspaper"

writes as fb'lows: —

Will you permit me to call public attention, through the medium of your eolums, to n point of incalculable Importance, anil thoroughly practical character, which appears tivluvu hitherto entirely escaped notice? Ou the lash, abstractedly viewed, I refrain from vifrbrin.iv any opinion; t!iy question I prop )-e to consider feincr briefly this. Is the instrument with which flagellation is now iriflk ted in the army legal? In submitting that it is not so, I assume that the descriptions given of it, by move than one of your correspondents, are substantially correct.

I now at once-proceed to show your non-military renders —by nil extract from a work of tha highest reputation—what, in the British army, is the lujrnl signification of tin; term " Cat-o'-niue-tails." " The cat-o'-niuS-tails;" says Captain Simmons (under tho head ( Execution of Sentence'), '' consists of a drumstick, or handle of wood, of similar length, having fixed to it nine ends of common whip-cord; a larger description of cord, or the substitution of a rope, could not be justified ; each end is about sixteen inches long, and knotted with three knots, one being near the end." (Simmons' Practice of Court Martial, 3rd edition. Published by l f. Pinkney, Military Library, Whitehall, 1843. Fifge 41->) Were confirmation needed to this testimony, it could be most abundantly produced. The fact is however, that there is here no room for difference oi opinion, the law having long ago pronounced upon the subject in bloody letters stamped into our history. I allude to the case of Governor Wall, hanged for murder in consequence of the death_ under the lash, of gunner Armstrong, the chief point on which his conviction rested being that he had inflicted the sentence of a drum-head court-martial on the wretched man, with a thick "rope " instead of the usual cat-o'-nine tails. (Simmons. Page 559.) It is to this damning ar;t the writer specially refers, when he'speaks of "the substitution of a rope." Can it be needful to dilate on the obvious truth that, the legal instrument of punishment having once, as to all leading particulars, bsen unmistakeably defined, no power on earth, inferior to the legislature, could (unless by way of pure and simple mitigation) lawfully make in it the slightest change; that to tolerate any such tampering were to permit the military authorities to over-ride and stultify the legislature ; that the houses of parliament and Sovereign, when authorising the infliction of any particular number of "lashes," must be deemed —as a mere matter of common souse —to have in contemplation some fixed and recognised standard of severity in the scourge employed ; that were it otherwise, our soldiers, might be legally slain .under the annual Mutiny act, with a Russian "knout?" Having thus, I trust, sufficiently established what is the law, I turn to the invaluable statistics which your columns embrace for a knowledge of ths present practice, and gather from them in the most conclusive manner that the so-called "cat-o'-nine tails," now in vogue is a far more terrible implement of torture than any formerly known to this army ; and that in particular " nine hard thongs" have been substituted for the nine ends of common whip cord, while the number of the knots has been trebled. Let the British nation now perform its duty.

CHAiiQUE. —When first we heard this terra applied, of late, to preserved beef, we saw, or imagined we had discovered, the etymology of the word ''jerked," as applied by old sailor.? of the buccaneering nge to the dried beef of the " Spanish Main." Tim preparation of beef called " charque,1' newly introduced in Victoria, is thus described in the Geclong Adnertpter:— "The experimental charquc-pie exhibited and tasted' at the Chamber of Commerce was pronounced delicious by a numerous assemblage of merchants, captains, and others who responded to Mr. D'ennvs* invitation. Before the pie was opened, Mr. Dsnn'ys begged that it should be distinctly understood that nothing but charque had been used, with, of course, a little seasoning of pepper, salt, and onions. The pie was then served out, and there was no difference of opinion among1 the tasters, who expressed their unqualified approval. The meat was tender and quite fresh, the gravy rich, well-flavored, and had partially jellied between the pieces of meat. Some excellent colonial win?s of two descriptions— port and claret—from Mr. Denny's vineyard, were tasted during the luncheon, and pronounced to be first-class: the claret was especially admired. Two boxes of the charque in its uncooked state wereshofin. It is merely strips of meat dried ; the best parts only are used; the strips, about f> to 10 inches long, are hunt? up and dried for 8 or 10 days, when the meat is fit for packing. Xo salt is used, and yet, carefid ly packed and kept from damp, it is found to keep perfectly sweet for months, probably for years. The charque will be a most valuable addition to the sea sfcore3 of ships ; and during the hot weather, when so much meat is waste:!, we imagine that families in town and country would find it useful and economical to have it in the lio'uso." The method or the " secret " of. preparation, if there be any secret, ought to be acquired without delay by South Australian economists, especially ; we have excellent beef, and our dry climate would certainly be found conducive to perfection in the drying process. We have understood that the captains of several home-ward-bound ships in Port Phillip waters have partially victualled with charque, which we have no doubt will bs found very preferable to salted beef for seamen on long voyages, and for the purpose of provisioning passenger-ships. To those bringing considerable numbers of free or assisted emigrants from Europe, the substitution of charque beef for "salt junk will be found a relief from many a doleful complaint, and ts the recipients of all ages an inestimable boon ; unless they have previously acquired a taste for what some of the sons of Jfeptune call "old raahoganv." We are thoroughly convinced that charque properly cured and carefully packed, would not only prove a valuable addition to ordinary stores of provision, but be found capable of adding a very important item to our growing catalogue of wholosorne domestic supplies and commercial capabilities— Hell's Xi/'i! in A cUdaide.

Impoktation of EifGLrsn (-tajik.—Some enthusiastic sporting gentlemen have communicated with Mr. Ronald Guiin, the agent of Lady Franklin, with a view to rent Betsy's Island, for an acclimatization depot for English" game, including pheasants. _ partridges, hares, and, we believe, grouse, for which a subscription has been set ou foot, which, it is to be hoped, will hi cordially responded to. — Lnunceston Examiner.

AnoARD tiif. Wahrior. —One of the stokers—a grim-faced man, who paced about moodily, and with an air of suffering under not being allowed to set the ship agoing—rubbed spitefully at furnace door_ handles, and here came forward and volunteered information ma pained and hurried s:>rt of way. The engine, he said, represented a force little short of six thousand horses. A big man could pass, not only up and down the nviin steam-pipe and its branches into the cylinders, but also through the passages of the side valves into tha condensers. . The Warrior had ten boilers, and each boiler was fed by four furnaces. Every boiler had four hundred and forty tubes. The piston weighe:! no less than thirteen tons, and the stroke was four feet, the numbsr of revolutions being fifty a minute. The steam-shaft w;is one great piece of inallable iron, thirty feet long and twenty inches^ in diameter. The screw was of gun-metal, twenty-four feet in diameter, and weighed about twenty tons. The ship consumed one hundred and twenty-five tons of coal every twenty-four hours. After this second heavy dose of scientific facts Master Gunner started me again on a fresh tour, up all sorts of shiny iron stairs, and along all sorts of iron-grated passages. Now I found myself in a sort of small ball-room, traversed by a great shaft of iron—now in a dark hall ittudded on either side with twenty furnaces. Sailors were-working up and down stairs, mechanics were fitting up tables in the officers' cabins, marines were tugging at gun-carriages ; every one was busy, for the vessel was soon to be" off to Portsmouth, and from thence to start in search of a storm, in order to test her sea-going powers. Going to look for a tempest! What a young Titan it must be whose infant amuse.? ment it is to go looking for a tempest! — ■Dielienn''All the Year Hound.

■Wesley and his Itinerants. —He prescribed the minutest rules of life for them, even such as concerned their physical habits. He found that some became " nervous," move probably by too much work than by too little, though l:e thought otherwise. II<: gave them advice on the subject—" Touch no drink, tobacco, or. snuff. Eat very light, if any, supper. Breakfast on nettle or orange-peel tea. Lie down before ten —rise before five. Every dny use as much exercise a* you can bear; or murder yourself by inches." "These rules," he'ndds, " are as necessary for the people as the priadmrs." Ho allowed his itinerants, however, to drink a glass of ale at night lifter preaching. He interroprated them closely, in hU printed minutes, about their habits. "Do you,'" he asked, " deny you'selves every useless pleasure of gense, imagination, honour ? Are you temperate in all tilings ? To take one instance, in footl—Do yon use only that kind, and that degree, which is best both for the "body and soul? Do you see ths necessity of this ?Do you eat no flesh suppers—no late suppers ? These naturally tend to destroy bodily health. Do you eat only three meals a-day ? If four, are you not an excellent pattern to the flock ? Do you take no more food than is necessary at each meal ? You may know, if you do, by a load at your stomach—by drowsiness or heaviness—and in a while, by weak or bad nerves. Do you use only that kind and that degree of drink which is best both for your body and »oul 1 Do you drink water ? Why not ? Did you ever?-Why did you leave off, if not for health? When will you beirin again ? To-day ? Do you want or waste it?"— Dr. Stevens' Histoiy of Methodism.

A. VI'.SERABLE AND VIGOIIOUS PuDESTBIAW.— "Mgr. Vicari, Arolibishop of Friburg, in Brigau, who'is eighty-nine years of ago," says the Monde. " arrived at'Saxein a few 'lays ago, where he visited the tomb of Nicholas de Flue, after crossing the Bruriie on foot "Every year this venerable and vigorous old man makes an excursion into Switzerland, a ..id always -goes part of the way on foot. H-j intends tins Tear to visit sucessivsly Sarnen, btanz, hchwytz, '/ue, and thence, over the Albis, to Zurich, where he wjß take the railway to return to Friburg."

I Tin: Liberality of liiisii Literature.—-Tli3 i libsrality ot sentiment pervading the literature ot the century will sooner or later do its work, ami should any man of transcendent intellect arise m Ireland, he v.-iil find tbat tho public mind has boon gradually prepari'i" to receive him. There is, perhaps, no country in tho world that would respond t> the touch ofgenius so readily as Ireland in the profit day. AJI the eNn^nt* of a "Wat movement exist among the people —a rootless, uervous eomji<msn*ss of the evil oi their present condition, a desp disgust at the cant and the imbecility that arc dominant, a keen and intense peroeotion of the charm of genius. Irishmen sometimes forget their great men when they are dead, but they never fail to recognise them when they are living. That acute sense of the power of intellect, and es-p-eirdly of eloquence, which sectarianism has never been able to destroy, which has again aud again caused assemblies of the most violent lloman Catholics to hang with breathless admiration os the lips of the most violent Orangeman, is, we think, the most encouraging symptom of recovery. Should a political leader arise" whose character was above suspicion, and whose intellect was above cavil, who was neither a lawyer not a lay preacher, who could read the signs of the "times, and make his eloquence a power in Europe, his influence with tho people would be unbounded. The selfishness, and bigotry, and imbecility, tnat have so long reigned, would make the resplendency of his genius but the morre conspicuous ; the waves of sectarian strife would sink to silence at his voice, the aspirations and tho patriotism of Ireland would recognise him as the prophet of the future.—The Leaders of Public Opinion in Ireland. SujiSTin-TE tor Lbatiibii. —Not the least remarkable feature of the present day is the almost universal application of a new discovery, intended, perhaps, to supply a want in one particular branch of industry. We are not, therefore, surprised to learn, that Al. Szerelmey has adapted his process of indurating stone to other" substances : and as an instance or this, in the Houses of Parliament alone, where its first trial took place, it is used also to prevent rust. Wood, too, is subject to the " Zopissa" process, _ and last year it was found to act wonderfully on calico, cloth, inoleskin, &c, rendering them waterproof, and capable of bein? worked into most wonderful imitations of the varieties of dressed leather. This last application has recently baen patented ; and a company is now bein<' formed for the manufacture of boots and shoes, of which the upper leathers are to be made of this new material, which, soft to the foot, adapting itself like a glove, is not liable to crack or shrink —is impervious to wet. and permits the perspiration to pass off. Other improvements too, in tho manufacture itself, are introduced. The sole i>. divided along the side, leaving the upper portion of it to protect the foot from the rivets; and the hard side of the leather, too, is lowest, leaving the soft side (the " sucker" propensities of which, we have, doubtless, all proved experimentally.) to be presented to the foot to absorb its moisture, and not to the ground as is now done. This new material, and the improvements we have mentioned, will, no doubt, recommend themselves, and from the cheapness of the former, a great reduction in the price of boots and slioes may be expected. Striking Scene in Jamaica.—The '• bog walk • is, without any exception, the loveliest and yet tho. strangest bit of forest scenery I have met with in my wanderings. The principal features of the landscape are the bamboo trees, and on entering the particular Made called the "bog," a most wonderful spectacle is presented to the view, the graceful brandies of the bamboos, of which I have elsewhere spoken, by some curious fantaisie of nature, have entwined themselves and interlaced each other over your head. The eiiect is a perfect Gothic arch, and as it is repeated and continuous for a viry considerable distance, one mi."lit fancy oneself in the " long drawn aisle and fretted vault" of some old cathedral. In the middle ot this aisle or avenue rushes a bright, clear, noisy stream, dashing turbulently against rocks, stones, and other obstacles'that come in its way. Between this stream and the stems of the beautiful arches there is just room for a horse and its rider to pass with convenience.— A Woman's Wanderings in the Western World. Exploration of Labrador.—The expedition which was sent out in June under the auspices of the Canadian government has returned. The party consisted of Professor Hind, of Toronto ; Messrs*. Caudet and Cayley, from the crown lands' department; and Mr. W! Hind, who landed at the mouth of the Moise river on the Gth of June. A few days afterwards they set out in canoes for the head waters of that river, which is supposed to take its rise from lakes on tiie summit of plateau of Labrador. In throe weeks the expedition reached a point so near the height of land that the canoes, although not drawing more than six inches of water, were unable to ascend any farther. The country is described as very mountainous, and to a great extent destitute of trees. The Moisie river is a rapid torrent, absolutely uiinavigable for canoes or other craft. The route consequently lay through an ancient path, long pursued by the Indians, from the interior to the coast. It follows a chain of small lakes extending from the main branch of the Moiss to the east branch of the same river, thence to the height of land. The entire plateau of Labrador, which is very broad and uniform, is full of large lakes, and the rivers flow for more than 300 miles on this plateau or table-land into the Atlantic on the north-east coast of Labrador, having a general direction parallel to that of the coast on tlia Uulf of St. Lawrence. Tlie information which has been obtained by this expedition respecting the hitherto unknown interior of Labrador, will be an addition to our geographical knowledge of British North America of much interest. — Canadian News. . , , . . The Athenaeum in an amusing and clever article on the subject of the Pneumatic Despatch Company, with th'j objects of which our readers are familiar, says ; " What say the ladies living in the far west, aVlveusington or Notting Hill, to a scheme for enablin" them to blow letters to the other side of London, a nil get an answer to their sweet epistles borne through space by the same poetic agency 1 Here is a startling proposition! for zephyrs trained to fetch and carry like desofthe choicest fancy, or pigeons of matchless breed ! To go yet further in the regions of tha wonderful—what think they of an apparatus which will send kid gloves and millinery, three volume novels and bottles of eau-de-Cologne flying through the air from any given point to another point within the limits of the ' Metropolis Local Management Act, 1355 V There is fascination in the thought. And vet. if reasonable hopes bo fulfilled., all this and much more will shortly be matter of everyday experience. A few months hence the lady regnant of a villa at the foot of Primrose Hill will say to her husband starting for tho City, ' My dear, blow me a quarter of lamb, a tnrbot, and a few lobsters from Cheapside !' And the brave captain of her dreams will give uttrance_ to no expression of astonishment, but answer with prompitude, ' Certainly, my dear, —and shan't I blow you anythin" else V "In due course the articles will be purchase;?, and then—with a heigh ! presto ! puff! they will alight, lamb, turbot, lobster, and all, safe at the' foot of Primrose Hill." Wordsworth. —I well remember the indignation of Wordsworth, as walking near his house he who accosted by one of those hordes of tourists taste used to besiege him, who, holding up a book, exclaimed patronisingly, "Ah, Mr. Wordsworth, see, I read you." " You read me, do you'?" replied the poet, seizing the book, "and you think you do me a favor. Sir, this is a dead robbery." It was a pirated Paris edition ; and the poet returning the volume, went on, leaving the astonished tourist transfixed in the road. 'Wordsworth told me at that time, it was bsfore Mr Moxton paid him £1000 for a uniform edition of his works, that he had not then made £50 altogether by his works ; yet there had been 120,000 copies of his poems sold in Paris, which were totally superseding all further chance of sale of his own edition. —Mr. W. Howitt, in the Critic. A Good Plea.—A curious illustration of that inability to see a joke which has been attributed to Scotchmen has just been furnished by the Itothesay Small Debt Court, where an action was brought by George Comrie, proprietor of the Bute Hotel, ltothesav, against Robert Maefie, printer of the JSutcmnn, for having falsely, maliciously, and injuriously published the following statement: —" A serious fire broke out in the Bute Hotel yesterday, entirely destroying tho four stories of the western wing." Damages were laid at £100. The "libel" appeared in a long article purporting to be "from our special correspondent," aud pretending to give extracts from "the Daily Buteman of the Ist September, 1901." The plea of the defender in answer to the charge was, " The action is premature. It relates to circumstances to take place in 1961, and if this case is continued till then I will be prepared to meet it." (Laughter.') The Sheriff said the article was quite an imaginary one, and he failed to discover any malice in it. The action must therefore be dismissed.— Times. October 11.

A LoiiD-IiiEUTBSAST i'OisoNKD. —An inquest was held on Monday, at St.Tagfm's Ca tie Hotel, Penarth, on the body "of Mr. C. Hanlmry Leigh, of Pontypool-park, Lord-Lieutenant of Monmoutlishire. William Jennings Riddlesdale, the valet of the deceased, was first examined. On Friday, the 27th ult., about a quarter-past 10, he went into the bedroom occupied by the deceased, who had been ailing for some time, to give him his medicine. There were two bottles standing on the mantel-piece, one empty, the other nearly full. The witness took the latter to his master, who told him to measure out three tnblespoonfulls. This being done, Mr. Leigh drank off the dose. He immediately squirted it out, exclaiming, "Good God, you have given me the wrong medicine." The witness put on his spectacles, and then saw that the bottle contained " Hawkins's Embrocation," a medicine for external application only. Mr. Essex, surgeon, Pontypool, arrived shortly afterwards, and administered an emetic, Other medical gentlemen were called, but their endeavours to restore the unfortunate gentleman were ineilbctunl; he expired at half-past two on Saturday afternoon. Mr. Payne stated that the liniment was a deadly poison if taken internally ; it would act by causing the destruction of any tissue it came in contact with, and by exciting inflammation of the suiToundincr parts He was of opinion that death had resulted from its effects. The jury found accordingly, that death resulted from the effects of poison, accidentally administered. After the inquest, the body, which had been placed in a shell, was removed in a huurse to Pontypool. Here, a3 well as at Newport, nil the shops were partially closed, and tlw deepest melancholy pervaded the \fmn.—T\m*>

I A Painful Accident.—After breal.last we took leave of our friends, and proceeded to Beyroufc; but a .sad accident clouded our otherwise pleasant journey. The mountaineers are good horsemen, and fond of showing oil whenever a little fiat ground allows them to exhibit their dexterity in firing off their muskets and pistols, and throwing the d'joroed at full j-iilbp, reloading in an incredibly short time. The i'oung I Prince, Abbas Kony iShehub, and several of iiis at- ! tecidants, seeing an opportunity for display, set off at full gallop, one of his men, close behind him, amused himself by throwing his musket into the air, to show his dexterity in catching it; it unexpectedly went off, and shot out both tho Prince's eyes. The poor lad fell instantly from his horse, and when we came up he was indeed in a most pitiable condition —-his eyes hanging out of their sockets, and streaming with blood; he himself, unconscious of what had happened, was pulling them out with his fingers, and it j was with the greatest difficulty I could persuade him to desist, and allow them to be bandaged. What an I awful visitation was this ! A few minutes before, this youth, full of life and spirit, and herr to the ruling Prince, w;is thus in one moment plunged into eternal darkness. It was a cruel sight. His poor attendant, who had accidentally done the deed, hung over him more dead than alive ; the poor fellow seemed to suffer more than the Prince himself, who was unconscious. We were three leagues from the first village, and with groat difficulty succeeded in getting him I there, carried in one of our cloaks. I rode on to Beyrout, and despatched an English surgeou to his assistance. Hix'sight, as I expected, proved to be gone for ever : but youth and the strength of his constitution in a few months healed his wounds, and otherwise restored him to perfect health. The Commodore, whilst remaining at Ueyrout, frequently paid visjts to the sightless young Emir during his convalescence ; and such was the gratitude of the Prince for all the attention shown him by the kind-hearted Commodore, that he had frequently wrote to him in after years, and, at the death of Sir Charles Napier, was amongst those who addressed to the family those letters of condolence adverted to in a former portion of this work. — The Life, and Correspondence of Admiral Sir Charles ftapier, K.C.B. By MajorGeneral .Elem Napier. Title-pages and Contents. —There are sometimes agreeable and sometimes disappointing surprises in encountering the interiors of books. The title-page is not always a distinct intimation of what is to follow. Whoever dips into the Novelise of Lao or the " Extravagantes," as edited by G-oclefroi, will not find either of them to contain matter of a light, airy, and amusing kind. Dire have been the disappointments incurred by the " Diversions of Purley"—one of the toughest books in existence. It has even cast a shade over one of our best story books, " The Diversions of Hollycot," by the late Mrs. Johnston. " The History of New York," by Diedrich Knickerbocker, has certainly perplexed certain strong-minded women, who read nothing but genuine history. The book which, in the English translation, goes by the name of Maruiontel's "Moral Tales," has been found to give disappointment to parents in search of the absolutely correct and improving ; and Edgeworth's " Essay on Irish Bulls," has been counted money absolutely thrown away by eminent breeders. There is a soborlooking volume, generally bound in sheep, called "MacEwen on the Types," a theological book, in fact, treating of the types of Christianity in the old law. Concerning it, a friend once told us that, at an auction' he had seen it vehemently competed for by an acute-looking citizen artisan and a burly farmer from the hills. The latter, the successful party, tossed the lot to the other, who might have it, deuce take it; he "thought it was a bulk upo'the tups," a word which, it may be necessary to inform the unlearned reader, means rams ; but the other competitor also declined the lot; he was a compositor or journeyman printer, and expected to find the book honestly devoted to those tools of his trade of which it professed to treat, Mr. Ru<kin haying formed tho pleasant little oriarinal design of abolishing the cliffeTuiiec between Popery and Protestantism, through tho per-

suasive influence of his own special eloquence, set forth his views upon the matter in a book which he termed a treatise on the " Construction of Sheepfolds." We are informed that this work had a considerable run among tha inuirland farmer.-;, whose reception of it was not fluttering ; and, try the way, we have heard some grumblings from a friend more accustomed to the field than to the library, who, having1 before him the advertisement of our June number, so far misread it as to invest half-a-crown under the impression that it contained an article called "Tiie Buck-hunter." Mauy readers will remember the pleasant little narrative appended to Crokcr's edition of Boswell, of Johnson's talk at Cambridge with that extensive book-hunter, Dr. Richard Farmer, who boasted of " plenty of all such reading as was never read," and scandalised his visitor, by quoting from Markham's " Book of Armnria" a passage applying the technicalities of heraldry and genealogy to the most sacred mystery of Christianity. Those" who potter in libraries, especially if they have courage to meddle with big volumes, sometimes find curious things—for all gems are not collected in caskets. — Slnckwood's Magazine.

A Newmarket Incident.— On the Heath, last week, at Newmarket, might have been seen a private soldier, whose countenance was very much bronzed by the Indian sun. Few, however, recognised in the person of this private soklicr tiie once-renowned Harry Bell, the. successful jockey of Faugh-a-liallagh, when he won the St. Ledger, and afterwards the Caesarewiteh, the jockey of Refraction when she won theballs—in short, the well-knownandstill remembered Harry Bell. The success of those days gone by was too much for the young jockey, as success before now has been in its effect with .greater men, and he gave way to habits that we shall forbear further reference to. Suffice ib to say, that in a moment of madness, for it could have been nothing else, he enlisted hi a marching regiment. This was six years ago. Since that.timo he has passed through all* the vicissitudes of a soldier's life, intensified by an Indian campaign when India was in a state of revolt. After this rough service he came home with his regiment, and upon a furlough of twenty-one days, visited his wife and relatives at Newmarket the week before last. As soon as it was known that the jockey-soldier was in Newmarket, the chivalrous owner of the " Chocolate Jacket " sent for him, and told him there was now a great dearth of good jockeys, and that if he would promise for the future to keep himself steady his discharge should be procured. The promise was given in the presence of Boll's father-in-law, and the necessary steps have been taken for placing him again on the roll-call of our bast jockeys. His generous benefactor has not only given him the " Chocolate Jacket," but has also promised to obtain him other mounts.—Court Journal.

Lord Palmerston. —I believe this to be a mistake. Lord Palinerslon has neither hatred nor ill-will towards France. He is an Englishman who .serves England, and his sentiments vary with his conduct, according to what, in his eyes, the interest of his country requires. It may lie said, and I incline to think, that he gives himself up too exclusively to this patriotic egotism, and that, in his zeal for the success and political honor of England, he estimates too slightly the moral sentiments and necessities of natural justice which modern civilisation has developed in men's minds on the subject of international relations. Patriotic egotism is legitimate, provided it does not too much resemble the rude indifference of the barbarous ages. But to this disposition Lord I*iiluierston adds another, which, in the exercise of affairs, embraces serious inconveniences. The special question of the moment with which ho is occupied engages him to thin extreme point, that it sets aside every other consideration and idea. Although of a singularly active spirit, fertile, sagacious, and vigorous, he has not that permanent grandeur of imagination and thought which never loses sight of things in their entire scope, and which assigns to every interest and to every separate affair, the exact place and degree of importance which belongs to it in the genoral system of tho interests and affairs of the country. He incessantly forgets the extended policy in which he is engaged, and which, ia his mine), becomes concentrated in each distiuet question as it successively presents itself, and is treated by him with energetic ability, but without foresight.-— Guizot. The Emperor and the G-rkat Eastern.- —Among the on ditit current during the week is one which we think worth while publishing. It has been stated that the Emperor of the French, with that vast amount of sagacity which so distinguishes him, has made1 overtures for the purchase of the Great Eastern. His Imperial Majesty is evidently impressed with the value of the great ship as a transport, and his confidence in her is in no way shaken by the mishap which lately occurred to her, and which was brought about by a chain of circumstances which could scarcely happen again.— Naval and Military Gazette. The Sultan's Savings.—A Constantinople letter says -.—" To tha savings before effected in the Jexpensss of the palace, I may now- add the suppression of the expenses granted to the ex-chamberlains. The sultan struck them out with his own hand from the registers of the palace, saying that, thanks to the advantages they had derived from their situations, they were beyond the reach of want, and there was no good reason why they should any longer remain a burden to the treasury."

Photography in Pauls—lt is said the photographic art in Paris, including all classes of photographic workmen, employs no less than 10,000 persons. The portrait card is the most profitable branch, in which an ever-augmenting trade is carried on. The sporting world, too, of Paris has now its photographic establishment in the Champs Elysee, it being the fashion amongst a certain class to have the portraits of their horses and dogs hung up in their apartments. "Mary is your master at homer'—"Wo, sir, he's out." —"I don't believe it." —"Well then, he'll come down and tell you so himself. Perhaps you'll believe him."

Why are hoops like church towers I—Theyl—They surround the bells (belles).

A poor fellow who pawned his watch said that he raised money with a lever.

"Bob, how is your sweetheart getting along?" " Pretty well, ; slie says I needn't call anymore." A young ensign of <i regiment, residing in lodgings, the sittins-rooui of which was very small, was visited I by one of his fashionable friends, who on taking leave ! said, " Well, Charles, and how much longer do you mean to stop in this nutshell. " To which he wittily i replied, " until I become a kernel." A, western paper speaks of a man who died without 1 A* aid tf ft j?hy»«»», Hwik uwfcww** <w# r?ry rar*^.

■■-'.:."-' R.EGU LA TIONS J'Ol! THIS ' DISPOSAL, SALK, L-ETTIKC AND •; ■ •. OCCUPATION . . 01" THE WASTE LAx\DS OF Tllii CKO"\vy IX THE IMIOVIKCK OF CAKTKUDURV : AS ASIKSIJHD. 1. A LL Regulations now in force in the I'ro- ' J\_ .vince dt'Ciiiiteibuiy for tho siiie, let ling, dispobid. and occupation of tliG Waste Lands of thfI!' Crown are hereby repealed. 2. All such A7aste Lands shall, from and after the day on which these regulations shall come into force, be"«ml, let, disposed of, ami occupied according to these Ki'jrulntions, and net otlierwL*ii.'. i). Lvery Act whidi the Superintendent, is hereby aut'ioiived'or required Io perform he shall perform solely in accordance with the advice of hi.; Executive Couv.ei! li.T the time bciup1, and such advice shall be rccoided on the minutes of tho Council.

TIIIO CKO"\vy

lI.—THE "WASTE LANDS BOAl:n.

A. There shall he established a Hoard to lie called ~ thi: Waste Lands Board, fo consist of one Chief Com- " f mivioner, and of not loss than two nor more than live ■ other CommisMoners, aH of whom (except such one ( «a ri::ill ha appointed to act as TriwtirmO skill 1m uppointed and b« removable by warrant under tho iiaiut of the Superintendent. 1 .0. One raornber of tho. Waste Lands Board shall , also.bo tlio Treasurer thereof, and such member shaii j be aiipointrd and removable by tin. Governor. j 0. Thn "Waste Land:? Board shall .sit fit the principal .Land Ofiiee of the Province, at certain stated limes , to bo determined by the. Superintendent, find shall , hlto sit for special purposes at. sncli p'iiees mid «i. shci) j times-as the Superintendent shall direct; of which ( sittings due notices .shall be given in tin Provincial Government Gazelle., ami one or more newspapers , published in ths Province. . ' 7. The Chief Commissioner when present, and in his absence then some member selected by those pre- ( eeut at any meeting of the Board, shrill preside thereat, and sliiiU "have a casting voie in all questions '. comins before flic Board. )5. Al! onestions comins* before the Board r.lmll be decided by a majority of the Commissioners present , ■ I)."" All meeting's of the Board shall bo attended by ! at least, three Commissioners, and shall ho open to the lO.^All applications for Land and for Pasturage and for Timber Licenses shall, after hearing evidence when necessary, he determined by the Board at some sittintr thereof! 11."The Board shall have power to hear and determine all disputes between the holders of Pastur-on-e and Timber Licenses respecting: the boundaries of runs and districts, and shall have and exercise all the powers which may be lawfully had iiiid exercised by any Commissioner of Crown Lauds, under the provisions of the " Crown Lands Ordinance, tfes?. X.. No. 1 ;" and tho " Crown Lands Extension Ordinance, Sess. XL. No. 10." • 32. All the roil tine business of tho Land Department shall be transacted by the Chief Commissioner, subject to such regulations as may be made by the Board in that behalf. '13. A hook to be called the. "Application Book-' fiimll be kept open during- oiliee hours at the Land Ofiiee, in which the named' every person desiring to nuike any implication to the Bof.nl shall be written in order by himseh'or any person duly 'authorised mi !i!s behalf. And the Commissioners! shall, during- the Kitting' of the Board, consider and de'erinine all uppliratiosY* in tlie order in wiiich they shall appear in the application book. Provided that if any person shall not appear himself or by some person diily authorised on his belief before the Bor.rd when cisPsd in his turn, his appeal ion shrill br: dismissed until his name uhaU'nppcnr mraiii-in the Book in order. Provided jilso that if two or more persons shall apply at the Fame time to write tht> names in the Application Book the Chief Ciwmiavoner shall bracket their names, and shall initial the bracket; and when they fKiH appear before the Board, the iionrd shail deferroiiic ti:e priority of ris-rht to lie hard by lot. And it shall not be lawm! for the Board to hear any application uxcept such as shall be made in accordance with this regulation. . . 1-1. The Board shall keep true and di:-t.v.!t-d mmiites of all applications made, to the Board, and ail decisions thereon, and of all sums of money paid to the Treasurer, and <rcneraily of all tho proceedings of the Board; and such minutes shall he skyi.'id by all tno Commissioners present at any meeting-. And suci minutes shall be open to the inspection of all pei-sons desiring io inspect ihc same, at al! reasonable hours, on payment of the sum of two shillings and sixpence for every such inspection. 111. —SURVEYS. Vi. There shail bo a Chief Surveyor who shall be appointed and removable by Warrant under the hand of the Fuperiiitendout, and" as ninny > distant Sur■vpvors as shall be necessary, who shall <>c appointed nn'd rcmoveable by the Superintendent upon the re-fovf-menf'ation of the Chief 16. All surveys shall he conducted in such manner '■as Hie Board by any reguiaiions to be made in that twlinif BliilH tiii't'Ct. IV. —THE I.AXD REVENUE. 17. All payments to be made in respect of land shall be made to the Treasurer of tiie Board duriufr the sitting thereof, and the Tieasurer shall thereupon give, receipts for tho same. 113. —By the 02nd clause of the Constitution Act the Governor is authorised and required to pay out o tl;e revenue arisiniv from the di;po.=al of the Waste Lands of the. Crown ail tlie costs, charaes, and expenses incident to tho collection, manng-ement. and receipt thereof; and also to pay out of the said revenues such Biur.s as shall become'payable under certain i>tlior provisions therein eontnfacli. The Treasurer of tiie Waste Lands Boe.vd shall, therefore, pay out of all tjio funds coming into Us hands under these regulations all such sums for the above-named purposes, in micli manner and to such persons as the Governor shall direct. V.—PUBLIC RESERVES. If). Reserves for the uses of the Provincial Government and for other public purposes may, upon the recommendation of the Provincial Council, be made by the Superintendent; and shali not he alienated from the specific purposes to which they shall have been severally dedicated, except under tlie provisions of an Act of the General Assembly, entituled the " Public Reserves Act, 1854 :" and a full and complete description of every siich reserve and of the purposes to*which it shall have been dedicated shall, sis K'.xm ns possible after it shall have br-eu made, be published in tho Government. Gazette of the Province, anil set forth on the authenticated maps in the Land Office. Provided, that the Superintendent may, if the Provincial Council be not then sitting, temporarily reserve land for such purposes until the next session of" such Council. 9 120. Heserves for public highways, bridle-paths, and wot-niiths, shall be made bv'thc Superintendent, and shall be set forth on the authenticated maps in the Land Office. The f-'upcrintendent and the Provincial Council may by Ordinance alter the line, of any such highways, bridle-paths, and foot-paths, and dispose of the land theretofore used for the same. gl. The Superintendent may temporarily reserve nny Jsnrl for the preservation or sale, of tlie timber thereon; but such land may at any time cease to be so reserved upon a resolution of the Provincial Council. 22. The Superintendent may, upon the recommendation of the Provincial Council, by proclamation hi tlie Government Gazette, reserve, from the operation of these regulations any tract of country in which the precious metals may be found to exist; and the lend within such tract 'of country shall be disposed of according to regulations hereafter to be issued and published in that behalf; in the same manner and under the same authority as these present regulations. VI. —TOWN LANDS. • 23. The sites of towns shall be determined by the Superintendent, upon the recommendation of the Provincial Council, and shall be notified by proclamation in the Government. Gazette of the Province. 24. Town Lands shall be sold by public auction, in eections, the size and upset price of which shall be determined by the Superintendent and the Provincial Council; anil having been so determined, for each town severally, shall iiot again be altered. 25. The time and place of every auction sale shall be fixed by the Superintendent, and shall be notified la tlie Government Gazette, and one or more newspapers of the Province, at least thirty days before such sale shall take place, 26. Ko such notification of any sale w town lands shall be published until a map of the town, signed by thi-. Chiet Surveyor, shall have been laid open for public inspection in the Land Office; and such map shall set forth, accurately delineated, all the town sections numbered consecutively, so far as laid out, showing the sections to be submitted for sale, and the public reserves in connection with them. 27. Town sections mny'be put up to auction, either by order of the Superintendent, or upon tho application of some person who shall, at tlie time of making Mich application, deposit ten per cent, of the upset price with the Treasurer of tho Waste Lauds Board. Such deposits shall, if no advance on the upset price Oe made, be considered as the deposit upon the sale at such public auction. '28 If any section shall be purchased by other than the original applicant, the deposit money shall be ibrfchwirh returned on demand. 29 Ten days at l«ist belbre any such auction sale, a list ot nil the sections about to ho offered for sale dhali be published in the Government Gazette, and one or more newspapers of the Province. SO Evfirv auction sale of land shall be held by the Commissioners in open court as hereinbefore pro--1131." The person who shall be declared the highest iider at such auction shall immediately pay a deposit often Tier cent, of the purchase money to tie ireaairor, and in default thereof; the section shall be again Immediately put up to auction. . ■.■■-.■ -< ■. paid to tlie Tivn-iuror in full, within.one week aftcr_

the day of sale; and. in default thereof, the pur i-hp.se 'shall forfeit his deposit money, and also al ri'j-ht or title, to tiie. b.nsi ; and the. secli-jn may be slid to any pen-on upi'lym"' ibr the tame for ihy priw at, which it \v.-i* Iv,indeed dov.il at the auction: and, it' not w> sukl, the section may" be agv.m put up to auction ut aiiv future s.-mo. 83. Upon -payment of the purchase money in lull, the purchaser Awl receive from tbo Commissioners a " I.if'.f:n>.c to Occupy." in the form set forth in SWiHMiU: A. to the "Vv'sisic Lands Ke^uhitions, and such License shall be n.wm-ed to the Commissiouci's iijxm rueuipt of a Crown Graut of the land purchased. VI t. —IttTRAJ. LAXB. 34. All lands not included in auy of the foregoing regulatioiis shall be open for sale a3 rural laud, at an uriiiin-m iirice of forty shilling's per nere. _ 35 Saw a-"i hei-cinafrer provided, no section ot Rural Land shall hi: sold, ooutamiii!* ie;s than twenty aci-M : bur. auy section so limited by frontn;re hues or V-ivafe ia-.ids as to i-ontain li:.<s than twenty acres may k- mid by aoction at the utw/t i>rice of forty sluuings V-cr acre ; tiw timu rail! )i!a«e of sale, and tiie mode (it «'il<> ard liavment of pm-ciia.-e money to be :ii near.y as iiiiiv be in ficcor:lßiic<! with the ivgulations lieveni eonfaiiicd ai^li-abie to'tl-.e tale of Town Laud. Provided, nfiveVthriess, tJiat if any section so hinueo slwll 'h<> include;! in a P^lurawe Jjcensc with Preemptivo liisht. the bolder of such License shull be entitlpd to rxe'reise such Pr-j-emptive lud.t under these lii-n-uhitions upon payment of the sum of forty puuuds for .-.uch section. SG. Every section of rural land shall be 'v one block, auii.'excKpt as hereinafter provided, ofarectan'vuiar forni, and it' bounded by a frontage line, shall be'of a depiii of half a mile (or 40 chains) from such ' Ko'tiV.—A frnnie.ire line s!-.a!l be taken to mean the. boundary of a road,'river, or public reserve, or any stream or watevcourse -vvhioli shall have beon deeiai™ by notification in the Government Gazette to constitute a frontage for the purpose of selection. _ 37. V/lier>'7 fi'oni the frontage not being a straight line or from the interference of other frontage lines, nuluvsl fbatiire.s. or the bounthiries of private lauds, the above rules iii respect of form cannot be accurately observed, the form of the section shall be determine.', iis nearly in accordance with these rules as, in the judgment of the Board, circumstances will admit. ' a-J. In sections of lands not adjacent to or bounded by a iVouta»e line, all the sides may be equal, but one side may not bu less than one-third of the other : and such section shrill not bo less than half a mile distant from a frontase line. 39. Auv p-Ji-son possessing a. section of lanu may at any time" select another adjacent thereto, of such form that tho two together, being considered as one section, shall be in the form recjuired for a smg.e section under the foregoing rules. 40. -lui-nef'iiately on the payment of the purchase money, the purchaser shail receive from the Commissioners a " License, to Occupy," in the form set forth in the Schedule I) hereunto"annexed; and as soon thereafter sis conveniently may be, the land shall be laid off by a Government .Surveyor, as nearly in aceor.'lnneo'wilh the description given by the purchaser in his application as these regulations will admit; provided i.iiat whenever the lauds selected lie without the surveyed districts, the expense of the survey and of connecting such survey with tlie existing surveys shall bo borne by the purchaser, who shall at the tune of purchase denosit. the amount of the estimated cost of such Mirvvvs with the Treasurer of the Waste Lam!* T}o:wl, which shall be in«de as soon as practicable! by o;<ier of the Chief Surveyor. Provided ahvi'v.s'tbat should any section when surveyed prove to duToi- in any respect from that intended by the puvchas-pr, the Government will not bu responsible for auv loss or inc^nvenii-neo which the purchaser may experience, nor will the purchase money be returned. Provided also, that if the. Surveyor shail find t'ri<-- tho whole extent of land in the selected locnliiv f.:lirt short of Hie quantity paid for by the jiureiiiiser, the Treasurer shr.ll repay sojniieh of tiie pi'rchiw money :'s exceeds tho -price of tiie hind to be conveyed. The " Liccijco to Occupy" shall, in any Fiich c«sp, be amended by the Coir.niissuKiers, in accordance with the report, of the Surveyor, aud the Crown Grant shall be mad:; out, in accordance v therewith: and tiie "L:eenso" shall be i-iitiirned to " the Commissioners when the Crown Grant shall be |" "'4l. Any person makintr a diteb and bank fence to '' lands adjoining V/a.ote Lands of the Crown mny take out of hiicii hinds half the land required for the ditch s and bank : provided I hut no ditch or bank shall be s more than six ieefc in width.

VIII.—COMPEXSATIO>" LASBS.

42. Whereas it is desirable that private persons should be enabled to receive portions of Waste. Laud in cxehr.nsffi for private lain!* taken for roads or for other public purposes; if any peivon shall be entitled to rcccivo nny compcusnlion in respect of any land which shall have boon taken for the purposes of a road or of any other public work, or in respect of nny ilniHii<v«s done to his property by the taking of such land for such purposes, such person shall, upon npplicaiion to the Waste Lands Board, be. entitled to a ••rant of rural land in such situation, as he shall .select, subject to the conditions as to form and frontage in these lvcruliitions contained, to th" extent of one acre for every nvo pounds sterling of the amount of compensation which the applicant shall he entitled to vautivi- in rcsptc.f of the land taken for such purposes or'iu respect of such ilamap;c as aibrefaisl. 43. If any person .shall contrnfit with tho Superintomicnt to iiiako and completi;, within a -riven time, auv public mad, brkhre, or drain, or any part of any such'ronii, bridge, or'rtr'ain, fm-iusliina- sucli security ns the ,Siippriiiteiit!ent may ivquiru ib;1 the due completion of such eonira^t, and shail select such portion <jf rural hind as he ."hail be v.illinc' to acceiit by way of payment or compensation, or by way of part payment or eor.iper.fiition for s;.:e!t work; it rhall be lawful for Hi: Bmierinteadent to reserve susli portion of land from tsubiic s:i!-:: for Mich [riven lime but. no lender; and such per; on shall, on the completion of siuili contract, be onlitif-il to a lvee srant of such land, M-somucli tliUTof iis the iionvd shall .idjud^e, not exceediiur one iw.-e for evory two pounds sterh..g which the Superintendent shall certify to the, Waste Lands Board to be the boiuljide-viuue of tin; work so done by such person according to the prices for work and muterißls at the time of performing such contract current in the district.

Every i=!'.;:li reservation of land from public sale shall be'published in t\u\Go-;cviv.ncnt Gazette of the Province, as directed in clause 19 of these Rcsrulnlions.

No such reservation shall continue in force for a Innser period than twelve calendar months from the date on which it shall have bwu made.

No land included in a Pasturage License with Preemptive Right sli-:ll. r.a against (lie liolili-r of .such Pre-emptive Riuiit. 'lie mi reserved or granted until he shall have been 'allowed tlie option of purchasing rucli land in the manner prescribed in clauses Gi and (i(5 to these Regulations. No greater amount of land than 2.10 acres shall under the provisions of this clause be reserved or granted to any person under any such contract, unless in payment of work for which a vole has been passed by" the Provincial Council. No greater amount of land than 1000 acren in the agSTejVate shall, in any one year, b<; reserved or granted under the provisions of this clause, without the special sanction of the Provinciid Council. Provided always that every parcel of laud so granted shall be subjected to the same conditions as to form anil frontage as any rural land sold under these Regulations ;' provided also that no application for less than SO neres shall be received, uucler this clause, but that where any amount of compensation awarded by tlie Board shall be of Wi extent than 20 acres of land, the person entitled may pay the balance in cash upon the same terms as other applicants for the purchase of rural lands under these Regulations. IX. —NATAL AND MILITARY BOUNTIES. 44. Whereas the Superintendent and the Provincial Council and other the inhabitants of Canterbury are desirous to aid in making provision for the maintenance of such persons of Her Majesty's land and sea forces as may be discharged as unfit for further service in consequence of wounds or loss of health incurred in the present war with Russia, and also for the maintenance of the widows of those who may be killed in such war: — Any such person or widow shall, upon application to tins Waste Lands Hoard, and upon the production of satisfactory evidence from the proper authorities as to such discharge or death, be entitled to receive a free grant not exceeding 30 acres of the Waste Lands within this Province, subject to the conditions as to form and frontage contained in these Regulations; provided nhvays that such application .shall be made to the Waste Lands Board by such person or widow in person within three years "after such discharge or death. X. —PASTURAGE. 45. Until sold, granted, or reserved for public purposes as herein provided, the Waste Lands may be occupied for pasturage purposes by persons holding licenses from the Waste Lands Board to occupy the same. 46. Any person applying for a pasturage license shall state to the Commissioners what are the boundaries and extent of the run applied for, and the number and description of the stock which he possesses, or will undertake to place upon the run within twelve mouths from tiie date of the license. 47. The extent of run allowed to each applicant, shall be at the rate of 120 acres to every head of great cattle, and 20 acres to every head of small cattle. The words " great cattle" shall be construed to mean homed cattle, horses, mules, and asses, male and female, with their oikpring above six months of age; and the words "small cattle" shall be construed to mean sheep, maltf and female, with their weaned offspring. 48. Every pasturage run shall bo in one block, and, as far as circumstances will admit, of a rectangular form: the frontage, under ordinary circumstances, shall not be greater than one-half the depth.

4!) The fee to be paid Ibv the license shall he at the following rates:—For overy run containing loss than 1000 acres, twenty sliillinjjs for every hundred acres; for every run containing 1000 awes, and not less than 5000 aci 38, two-pence per acre for the first thousand and one penny per acre/or CV^J? C!.1!!S ", «wfa.

one fart'iiiitr per acre ftv the first and second years, one hiiif-peniiy pov acre for the third and fourth years, tlirje-fa;-t.iiiriiii per acre ibr tin) fifth and every »ul«j(|iien<- '"•:.".".'; provided that the fir-it year shall be taken to l)e The time elnpiing from the date of the original .'•cense; fo Hi.-: first day of "»»ay next following.

"oil. 2Vu pissaivafCi license siiall l>« grauted'fbr a less annual feu tiiiiu £S 10s, 51. The fee shall be paid to the Treasurer of the Waste Land 13oiiii3 every year, in advance; for the fir-it vwir on t!ie issue oi'the license, ami for thusecond ami every subsequent year on any 'sitting day of the Board, between file 20th day of April and the first day of May, iiieiudve; acd every pasturage license not renewed 1.-v payment of the required fee. on or before the first d'iiv of May, shall, unless good cause to^ the contrary be shown to the satisfaction of tlie Waste LamU Board, be considered as abandoned. M. Every pasturage license sliail be in the form set forth in the Schedule C to the Waste Lauds Regulations, and w l,al! bo transferable by endorsement in the form'set-forth in such Schedule, and .such transfer shall bo deemed to lit: (Miujiliiic upon notice thereof being du'y "iveu to tho Was re Lamis Board, m;d not before. A pVl.urage license shall entitle the holder'thereof to the exclusive rkrht of pasturage over tlie laud specified therein upon tlie terms above stated. Such license shall be renewed by pudoiwinont from year to year, until tlie land KprJcilied therein shall be purchased, granted, or reserved under tke-e regulations; and the fee to be paid iv respect of such license, shall not be altered until she Ist 'Mas', 1870. Such licence shall give no vitrht to the soil or to the timber, and abnil immediaiely'detcrmiuc over any land which may bo purchased, granted, o.' reserved under these regulations. A reasonable rifi-ht of way shall be allowed through all pasturace rims. r>3* If at any time durina- tlie first four years alter the issue of the fust licen=.i:"'tho quantity of stock for tlie run shrill hu less than that originally required, oi during the next three years less than twice that amount, or during any subsequent period less than three times that amount! the Waste Lands Hoard may declare the whole or a portion of such run to be forfeited ; provided always that with regard to runs granted prior to the issue of these Regulations such first period ot four veal's shall commence from the date on which these 'Regulations shall conic into operation : provided that oue'or mere runs held by the same individual or linn may for the purpose of'this clause be considered as one run. 54. I. any case in winch a rimholder can prove to tlie satisfaction of the Waste Lands Board that he is precluded by arrangements entered into previous to the pas;in»- of these regulations from actually, for a given period','plscing his* stock on his own run,_ it shall be sufficient if he prove to the satisfaction of the Board that he possesses within the province the requisite amount of stock, and will undertake to place the same on the run at the expiration of such pcoiod.

55. Every holder of a license shall, at any time, upon a written order from the Waste Lands Board to that effect, make a true and complete return of all the stock on his run ; and if ho shall wilfully and knowingly make any false return, the Waste Lands Board shall immediately declare his license to be forfeited. 50. Every run or portion thereof which shall have been forfeited, as above provided, shall be put up by tho Waste Lands Board to public auction, after an advertisement iv the Government Gazette, and one or more newsp.-.poiv; of the Province. A license granted after forfeiture shall be deemed to be an original license. Upon appeal from any percon whose run has been forfeited, within t;0 ri.ivs* from the date of such forfeiture, it shall be lawful for the Superintendent to reserve or suspend such forfeiture either wholly cr in part. t>7. Every person taking out aHi -ense for a run winch is not stocked will be required to deposit with the Treasurer tiie sum often shillimw for every hundred acres included in the license, which will be returned without interest as soon as he shall have fulfilled the conditions in respect f> stocking the run within the prescribed period ; but if such conditions be not fulfilled such deposits shall he forfeited. f>B. Tiie above rules in respect to stocking a run, and to tiie lofcneut of dcpo:-it money with the Treasurer, shall not apply to runs coiitainiii^ less thansooo.acres. ;j9. Every holdr-v of a license may lie required at any time to pay for the actual cost of the survey of his run at a "rate not exccediag2os. for every thousand acres.

60. Every holder of a pnsturnsre Mccn=o shall, upon applicano;i"to tlie Waste Lsiuds Board, be entitled to a pre-emptive riyht ovr-r portions of his run, as fol!owsc—For a rnn of not less Hinn-1,0110 acres and not wore than 5,000 acres, over a block of laud co:nprisin»' and circumjacent to his homestead to the extent of 5 pe-r cent of the acreage of the run. l'ov a run of 5,000 aciw. and upwards/'ovcT 250 acres of land comprisiii-; anil circumjacent to his homestead or principal station. And for all runs, over all lauds occupied by any building.-;, enclosures, plantations, cultivations, or any such other improvements as shall in the judglm.'iit'of tho Waste Lund.-; Hoard be deemed sufficient for tho piupor-x'S of XhU ciause, together witli fifty acres comprising .-itideircunijaceut to the lands so occupied or improved. 01. The License.: shall at the time of his application to tho Jlcnrd give a sufficient description of the 'anils over which he claims such pre-emptive right, to the satisfaction of tiie Chk-f .Surveyor. And the same shall be marked off on the authenticated Maps in the Land Office.

t)2. The lands inclmk-rt in such pre-emptive right may bo of such form a=s tho applic.antsliallchoo.se; but any l:»:d purchased by him in the excrete of such right shall be subject to (lie regulations as to form and froninife herein contained.

03. The Waste Lands Board shall not receive nor entertain any application to purchase, from any person other than the runholuer, the aforesaid block around the homestead or principal station which docs not include the whole of such block.

0-1. The riu-ht of pre-emption hereby given shall be exercised v.iHiia onn week for all land., within twenty miles of the Laud Office, at Christchurch; and within one mouth ibr all lauds at a greater distance ! h.-Tcti'oiii; such thtie being reckoned from the date of service of a written notice from the Waste Lands Board, s-i! liner forth a copy of the application for any of ihciiiuds included in tiie pre-emptive right. Such notice may be .served either personally on the ruvihulder. or by leaving the same at his last-known place of abode within the Province, or at the principal homestead or station on tho run.

(55. The applicant for any rural land included in any pre-emptive right shall deposit with the Treasurer of the Waste Lands }<toard a sum equal to 4s. per acre of the purchase money, and the remainder lie shall pay within one week from the date of his application being granted, or forfeit such deposit. Such deposit, however, shall be immediately returned o:i demand, if the holder of the pre-emptive right shall give notice of his intention to purchase any portion of the laud applied for, and pay the requisite deposit.

00. If tlie holder .of the pre-emptive light decide upon purchasing any portion of the land applied for, he shall forthwith pay to the Treasurer of the Waste Lands Board a deposit of 4s. per acre of the purchase money of such portion ; and, if he-shall not within six weeks thereafter have paid the remainder of the purchase money, he shall forfeit such deposit, together with all right or title to the land.

If the holder of,-my pre-emptive right other than those created by clause 00 of tho Waste Lands Regulations shall neglect or refuse to purchase any portion of the land applied for, su;:h portion shall from and immediately after such neglect or refusal be released from all right of pre-emption and open to purchase on the terms of these Regulations, as if the same had not been included in any pre-emptive right.

07. i'nsturage Licenses with pre-emptive right in connection with purchased lauds, whether under the Canterbury Association or the Crown, shall, from and after the 'first day of April, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, be taken and deemed to be pasturage licenses over the lauds included therein, upon tlie terms of these Regulations, with a preemptive riu'iit over all such land, to be exercised subect to these Regulations ;is regards notice of application, payment of deposit, purchase money, price of land, aiid sn:e and, shape" of blocks. If the land covered by such pre-emplive right shall be included within the limila of a run held by license under clauses 50 and 53. the holder thereof in paying rent Ibr the same may take credit for the amount paid by him in respect of'lands covered by such pre-emp-tive.riirht. 08. Holders of pasturage licenses without preemptive right shall be entitled to hold such licenses or to have them renewed upon the terms of their contract with tho Canterbury Association or the Crown, a3 the case may hi ; but if any person holding a license under the Canterbury Association or the Crown shall voluntarily resign the same, he shall be entitled to receive a license under these Regulations, raid shall from the date of such exchange hold his run at the rate and on the conditions specified in these Regulation;;. , 60. If any person exchanging his license shall for auy period included in the new license have paid rent at a higher rate than would be payable under such license, such overpayment shall be adjusted at the next payment of rent. 70. In the event of improvements-having been effected by the licensee of a run on any laud which shall be reserved by the General Government or by the Provincial Government under these Regulations, the licenseee shall receive payment of the value of such improvements, such value to be decided by arbitration under direction of the \\ aa,.e Lam is Board, and to be paid by the Treasurer of the Waste Lands Board out of the land fund.

71. All payments on account of pasturage runs shall in future be made on or before the first day ot May, in accordance with clause 51, at the Land Office, at Christchurch, and the Waste Lands Board shall sit at that place for the Treasurer to receive the same.

72 All payments to be made on account ot pasturage runs bVfbra liio first duv of May next ensuing shall be made for the portion" of tlie year only which shall elapse between such day of payment and the said first day of May. 73. In calculating the amount of the license fee and the stoel> required to be on the ran, the year coinmenein.' on the said first day of May shall be deemsu to be the same year as that for which such part payment shall have been made. 74 Notwithstanding anything contained in these rcaulations. it shall be lawful for the Governor, upon he recoimnendationioljthe gUperiateadeat^ud Pw

vincial Ooimil, at any time, and from time to lime, by proeliiination in thJ Government Gazette of ti'.e Province, to reserve for the purposes hereinafter mentioned Hiiv lands within tlie Province, adjacent to | or in the neighbourhood of any town, now or which limy hereafter" be formed, anrl to declare that on and from a day to be named in sue!', proclamation nil depasturing" licenses issued under these- regulations, in respoct of such reserved lands, shall cease and be of no effect ; on and from which day. all such lie.onr.fts shall, as respects such lands, cease and be of no effect accordingly. And it shall be lawful for the Governor at any time, hereafter, by regulations to be issued in tlmt behalf, according to the provisions of the Waste Lands Act, upon the "recommendation of the Superintendent ami Provincial Council, to regulate the occupation of the Waste Lamia of the Crown within such reserved districts. TIMBER. 75. If any tract of land shall have been reserved for the sale of the timber thereon, such timber may be sold hy public auction at an upset price and subject to conditions to be fixed by the Superintendent, and the 'purchaser shall agree to remove the same within a certain time; mid all the. timber not. removed within such tiino may be again put up to public auction. 70. No person shall, without a license, cut or remove an v timber from any Waste Lands of the Crown except timber which he shall have purchased under the last clause) ; and any persons so cutting or removing timber snail be liable to pay the cost of such license for one year together with the costs of recovering tlie amount of the'same. 77. Every license for cutting or removing timber shall be issued for one mouth, or for one year, at the request of the person applying for the same; and a fee of 10s. shall bo paid upon "every monthly license, and of £;5 upon every yearly license. 78. A license shall entitle no one but- the person named therein to cut down standing timber, but it will authorise him to employ any number of persons, during the term of the license, to saw, split, or remove the timber so cut; and such license shall not be transferable. 79. A license to cut timber shall extend only to the district named therein. 80. If any person duly licensed shall have established a saw-pit for the purpose of sawing timber, no other person shall cut timber within 50 yards of such pit witiiout consent of the person first occupying such saw-pit; provided that it the person establishing- such pit shall not use the same, and shall not cut timber within such distance as aforesaid from the pit for 28 consecutive days, it shall be lawful for any other holder of a license to enter thereupon, and to cut timber as though such pit had not been established. 81. If any person shall, for the purpose of removing timber, have made a road upon land being the Waste Lands of the Crown and not being a highway, it shiill not be lawful for any other person to use the same without thn permission of the person making the same first obtained; provided that if such road shall not be used at any time for 90 consecutive days, it shall be lawful for any holder of a license at any time therealter to use the same. 82. If any person holding a timber license shall be proved before tlie Waste Lands Board to have offended against any regulations herein contained respecting timber, or to have wilfully or negligently inured or destroyed by fire or otherwise any timber belonging to the Crown, such license shall be, and shall be immediately declared to be forfeited, and it shall be at the discretion of the Board to refuse to issue another timber license to the same person. SCHEDULES. Schedule A. Province ~) of [ Canterbury. ) LICENSE TO OCCUPY TOWN LANDS. Whereas of hath been duly declared the purchaser for the sum of pounds, shilling's, and pence, of the section of the Waste Lands of the Crown hereinafter described, and hath this day paid to the Treasurer of the Waste Lands Board of the Province of Canterbury, the said sum of pounds, shilling:.?, and pence, the receipt whereof a hereby acknowledged, NOW KNOW ALL JiKN AND THl'-SE I'uksknts witness, tlmt We, in pursuance of the powers vested in us as Commissioners of the said Waste Lands Board, do hereby authorise and empower the said his heirs or assigns, at any time after tlie date hereof, to enter upon all that section of land situated in street, in the town of marked, No. in the authenticated map of the said town in the Crown Lands Office and containing acres, or thereabouts, being the section oi land i?o purchased as aforesaid, and to hold and enjoy the same for his and their absolute use and benefit. Given under our hands at the sitting' of the Waste Lands Board held at on the day or 18 Schkdulb B. Province ) of \ Canterbury. ) LICENSE TO OCCUI'T RURAL LAND. Whereas of hath been duly declared the purchaser lor the sum of pound* shiliiiitrs. and pence, of the section 01 the Waste Land- of the Crown hereinafter described) and hath this day paid to the Treis^urer of the Waste Lands Board of the Province of Canterbury, the said sum of pounds, shilling--, and pence, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, NOW KNOW ALL JIl'.S AXI) TJIESI: pitiiSEXTS witness, that We, in .pursuance of .the powers vested in us as Commissioners of the said Waste Lands Board, do hereby authorise and empower tlie said his heirs or assigns, at any time aftei the date hereof, to enter upon all that section of land situate and hounded as hereinafter described, that is tc say ; and to hold and to enjoy the same foi his and their absolute use and benefit, subject nevertheless to the Kegulations now in force for the sale, letting, disposal, and occupation of the Waste Lands of the' Crown within the Province of Canterbury. Given under our hands at the sitting of the Waste Lands Board, held at ou the day of 18 Schedule C. Province ) of [ Canterbury. ) LICENSE TO DEPASTURE STOCK. Whereas of hath been duly declared to be entitled to a license to depasture stock upon the Waste Lands of the Crown within the Province of Canterbury, upon the terms and upon the conditions hereinafter mentioned : Now therefore We, in pursuance of the powers vested inns as Commissioners of the Waste Lands Board to the said Province, do hereby grant to the said the exclusive license, from and after the date hereof, until the first day of May next, to depasture stock upon the land situate and bounded a.i hereinafter described, that is to say— and containing acres or thereabouts. Subject nevertheless to all the provisions and conditions contained in the Waste Lands Regulations now in force within the Province of Canterbury. Given under our hands at the sitting of the Waste Lands Board, held at on the day of 18 Endorsement. I, the within-named for valuable consideration to me paid by of do hereby transfer to the said the within written Pasturage License, and all my estata and interest therein. Witness my hand this day of 18 Witness APPENDIX I. Clauses 35 and 43, which were repealed by the Waste Lands llvqulationt Amendment Ordinance, Sets. Vll., No. 2, 1856, originally stood as follows: — 35. No section of rural land shall be sold containing less than twenty acres ; provided that any section so limited by frontage lines or private lands as to contain less than twenty acres may be sold by auction at the upset price of forty shillings per acre; the time and place of sale, and the mode of sale and payment of purchase money to be as nearly as may be in accordance with the regulations herein contained, applicable to the sale of Town Land. 43. If any person shall at any time have made and completed at his own cost any public road or bridge or any public main drain, or any part of such road, bridge, or drain, such person shall, upon application to tlie Waste Lands Board, be entitled to a free grant of rural land in such situation as he shall select, subject to the conditions as to form and frontage in these regulations contained, to such an extent as the Board shall adjuduv, not exceeding ona acre for every four pounds sterling which he shall prove to the satisfaction of the Waste Lands Board that he shall have actually expended in the construction of such road, bridae, or drain. ProvW-J always that it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the' Board that the money so expended by.tlis applicant has been beneficially expended for

lie use and advantage of the public. Provided also hat no application for less than twenty acres shall bo received tinder this clause, but that where any amount of compensation awarded by the Board shall be of a less amount than twenty acres of land, the party entitled may pay the balance in ca-sh upon the | same terms as other applicant.-) to purchase rural | lauds under those regulations. . I Clauses 07 and 68, which were repealed by procla- I mutionof the Governor, Octal 1-itli August, 1850, published in the Provincial Government j Gazette, Vol. 111., No. 17, p. 03, 4th Sty- j teinber, ISiJG, originally stood us follows: — 07. lioldars of pasturage licenses with pre-emptive right in connection with purchased lands, whether ! under the Canterbury Association or the Crown, shall be entitled to claim pasturage licenses over the lauds included therein upon the terms of these regulations, with a pre-emptive right over such land, to be exercised subject to these regulations as regards notice of application, payment of deposit and purchase money, price of land, and size and shape of blocks. If "the land covered by such pre-emptive right shall be included within the limits of a run held by license under clauses 50 and 53, the holder t hereof, oil paying rent for the same, may take credit, for the amount paid by him in respect of lands covered by such pre-emptive right. OS. Nothing in these Regulations shall be interpreted to affect the legal rights or equitable contracts mr.de by the Canterbury Association or the Government with holders of tiie pasturage licenses; but if any person holding a license under the Canterbury Association or the Government, shall voluntarily resign the same to the Government, he shall be entitled to receive a license under these" Regulations, and shall from the date of such exchange hold his run at the rate and on the conditions specified in these Regulations. APPENDIX 11.

Clauses No?. 03, 51, 52, 05, 00, and 71, which were j repealed by the. " H rtste Lands Regulation Amendment Ordinance, Seas. IX., No. 1," originally stood as follows: — 33. Immediately on the payment of the purchase money in full, the purchaser shall receive from the Commissioners a " License to Occupy," in the form set forth in the Schedule A hereto annexed, which he shall return again to the Commissioners when he shall receive tiie Crown Grant of tlie Land. Such " License to " Occupy" shall be transferable by endorsement, in the form set forth in the Schedule. 51. The fee shall be paid to the Treasurer thea Waste Lands Board every year, in advance; for the first year on the issue of the License, and for the second and every subsequent year on the first day of Stay; and every pasturage license not renewed by payment of tlie required fee on the first day of May shall, unless good cause to the contrary be shown to the satisfaction of the Waste Lands Board, be considered as bandfooncd.

52. Every pasturage license shall be in the form set forth in" the Schedule C hereto annexed, and shall be transferable by endorsement in the form set forth in the Schedule;"and shall entitle the holder to the exclusive rig-ht of pasturage over the lands specified therein, upon the terms above stated. It is intended that such license shall be renewable from year to year until the land specified therein shall be purchased, granted, or reserved, under these Regulations ; and, if so renewed, the fee to be paid in respect of such licenses shall not be altered until the first of May, 1870. Such license shall give no right to the soil or to the timber, and shall immediately determine over any land which may be purchased, granted, or reserved under these Regulations. A reasonable right of way shall be allowed'through all pasturage runs. Co. The applicant for any rural land included in any pre-emptive right shall deposit with the Tre;isurer of the Waste Land's Board a sum equal to 4s. per acre of the purchase money, and the remainder he shall pay within one week from the (late of his application being granted, or forfeit such deposit. Such deposit, however, shall be immediately returned on demand,' if the holder t.-f the pre-emptive right shall purchase any portion of the land applied for. (jii. If the holder of the pre-emptive right decide npon purchasing any portion of the land applied for, he shall forthwith pay to the Treasurer of the Waste Lands Board a deposit of 4s. per acre of the purchase money of such portion ; and if he shall not within six weeks thereafter have paid the remainder of the purchase money, he shall forfeit such deposit together with all riu'lit or title to the land.

71. All 'payments on account of pasturage runs shall in future be made on (he first day of May, at the Land Oiiice, at Cliristchurch, and the Waste Lands Board shall sit at that place for the Treasurer to receive the same.