SAN FRANCISCO MAIL.

New Zealand Times, Volume XXXIII, Issue 5293, 13 March 1878, Page 2

SAN FRANCISCO MAIL.

ARRIVAL OF THE,-AUSTRALIA AT AUCKLAND. EUROPEAN SUMMARY. The Pope died on February 18th, at eight o’clock. On Wednesday night he felt sudden suffocation. ’ He rallied several times, but said to his phvsicians “ Death wins this time,” He was alternately lucid and wandering. His last moments were clear. He said just before dying, “Guard the Church I loved so well and sacredly.” The immediate cause of death was the closing of a wound . in the leg, which made tumors mount into the lungs and brain. The Cardinals were assembled in council in the next room, but all, together with the other dignitaries of the Papal Court, were,at his bedside at the moment of death. . Cardinal Panbianca ad, ministered the last sacrament. The barracks .surrounding the,Vatican were, crowded with troops. This was an unnecessary precaution, as the people remained quiet, almost to indifference. The Cardinals conclave had com- : menced, and Simeon! demanded troops, and the. Government acceded to the request. The will left by the late Pope authorises'the Cardinals to deviate from the i, established procedure, but does not any special rules.' The question of permitting absent Cardinals to’ telegraph their, votes was considered. Monseigneur Lassagnal, the Acting ■ Papal Secretary of State, : sent ■ 1 a note to the nuncios protesting..against any power of: exercising votes. The statement that the Cardinals, by a vote of'3o to 10, rejected reconciliation with Italy, is denied. The crowd was so large to.view the remains of the. late Pontiff,- lying in state at St. Peter’s, that many women fainted. A company of soldiers had to enter the Church to regulate the concourse. The body was arrayed in Pontifical robes, and laid on a crimson bed, at each corner of which a member of the noble guard stood with a drawn sword. ’ The bed was surrounded with twelve large candelabra, so placed tbat the, feet of the deceased were outside the altar rails, in order that the faithful might kiss them. The face was calm and unchanged by death. The Greek Garde Mobile has been raisjd to 140,000 men. Gariba'di is reported quite ill. All the regular Greek troops who crossed the frontier into Thessaly have returned,home. Dr. Pusey has written a work on the confessional that has attracted the attention of the House of Lords.

The leaders of the English Protestant organisations rejoice at the Vatican’s abandonment of the Scotch hierarchy scheme, which is said to have been abandoned because steps were being taken to enforce the Scotch laws against Papal jurisdiction. The health of Dr. Isaac . Butt, the Home Ruler, continues precarious, and he will not be present in Parliament this session in consequence. In the House of Lords on the 24th ult., Lord Beaconsfield, in response to a question by the Duke of Argyle, said distinctly that England was not going to be dictated to by any other Power. The supplementary grant of £6,008,000 is to be apportioned thus: £3,000,000 to the army, £2,000,000 to the navy, and £1,000,000 for contingencies. Dr. Doran, the author, has died in London. MV Waddington, the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, contributes 10,000 francs to relieve the refugees at Constantinople. Two advice boats have been ordered by the French Government to Constantinople. The French ironclad at Smyrna has been ordered to protect the subjects of that Government at Constantinople if required. Bussell Gurney, recorder of London, has resigned. It is calculated that after the conclusion of peace the Black Sea and the Sea'of Azov ports will export 5,000,000 quarters of wheat. ■ '■ John O’Leary, formerly editor of the Irish People, and a noted Fenian,'has been permitted temporarily to revisit Ireland, to settle private business. A woman attempted; to' assassinate M. Trepoff, prefect of St. Petersburg, wounding him dangerously. At a meeting of a committee of inquiry, into the depression of trade in France, it was shown that the progress of industry in the United States had compelled Great Britain to seek a larger outlet for her goods in France. A committee has been formed in Paris to promote a commercial treaty between France and the United States. Joseph Cowen, the radical reform M.P., has made a violent speech against Bussia. It is calculated to provoke war. At Calais (France) a false alarm at a circus led to a panic, and the trampling to death of 10 persons. Copenhagen harbor is being torpedoed. The Italian Government proposes an alliance with the anti-Eussian Powers. The verdict on the Cardinal Antonelli case is adverse to the claim of his reputed daughter, the Countess Lambertini. The French Academy of Science has given the Solande prize for astronomy to Professor Hall, the American, discoverer of a Mars satellite. The Ameer of Cabal is massing troops at Candahar. The Ameer is hostile to both Persia and England. This step is considered as a menace to one or both. The passage of a Bill remonatising silver by Congress, has caused a decline in American bonds in Europe. The Prince of Wales the other day dined with the African explorer Stanley. The English army officers in Canada have received orders to join their regiments. A Canadian missionary named Maokay has been ordered to leave Formosa, and is threatened with death if he remains. G. W. Hennelly and the Hongkong community are in conflict, on account of the former insisting that the Chinese inhabitants should be better treated, and that they have been scandalously abused heretofore. Charles Bradlaugh and Mrs. Annie Besant, the free-thought advocates, have been released from the sentence of fine and imprisonment and police surveillance on the charge of circulating immoral pamplets. Alexander Duff, the Scotch missionary, is dead. Cardinal Manning only commanded twelve votes at the Papal Conclave. The strike of masons in London has terminated, the men recognising the hopelessness of the struggle, which has cost £30,000. At a fire at the Tien Tain Asylum for women and children, which was burned, 2000 perished. The masters propose a conference with the Lancashire operatives before enforcing 10 per cent, reduction. Cardinal Howard will probably be created Roman Catholic Archbishop of Edinburgh and Primate of Scotland. At the Cape 10,000 cattle and 15,000 sheep were captured by the General in advance. Cardinal Manning advocated holding the Papal Conclave at Malta. The coasting steamer Palmer was sunk in a collision near Harwich. Fourteen persons wore drowned. The Austrian Cardinals refused to join in the movement for engaging all foreign cardinals to vote unanimously. . Baron Raphael Erlanger, the head of the firm of Erlanger and Son, died in Paris on the 31st January. The Home Rulers have decided to abstain from voting on the Government s motion for the credit vote. The Cleopatra obelisk will be placed on the Thames embankment at the top of the Adelphi steps, between Charing-cross and Waterloo bridge. Joseph Hildebrandt, the German philosopher, is dead. Two thousand operatives in Manchester have been locked out for refusing to submit to a reduction of 12 per cent, wages. The King of Siam intends to send a diplomatic representative to the United States next year, the first in the history of the country. An English subject named William .Bourne was found murdered at Yokohama.

The HdngKoag Government refuses tq allow Coolies to leave for the Sandwich Islands. The Peru silver coinage has been suspended

for further time in the .French Mint Lean 9jiy,'tH’h''Finance Minister, explains th 6 Measure pi ■ necessary on account of the sliver agitation ini the United States, the international commerce with India, and the' eonditiou of the Germany money market. WAR SUMMARY. When the British fleet first entered the Dardanelles, the Turkish -batteries fired a salute, believing the long-looked for aid had come at last. A telegram next day instructed their withdrawal. It is reported that on the second entry, to prevent the fleet from being fired on, England had to give an assurance that it intended to protect Turkish t as well as English interests. Lord Derby’s protest against the Russian occupation of Constantinople has been published.: • It ■ is very • decidedly worded. ~lt demonstrates that the entry of Russian troops would be a . violation of the armistice, and might cause disorders, causing every danger to Christians which the Russian Government deprecates. It concludes—“ Her Majesty’s Government cannot acknowledge that the despatch of British ships to Constantinople has any bearing on the entry of Russian troops into the city, which latter measure they consider uncalled for by any! circumstance's of military or other necessity, the consequence of ■ which . may, be : disastrous 'to the whole population of. the V city.” ' Lord Derby also telegraphs to Lord Loftus, on February 13, that he had - expressed' to Count Schouvaloff the Govern neat’s .' earnest hope that the Russian troops would not make any movement towards Gallipoli, or any movement of a nature to threaten the communications of the fleet, as any such movement would be regarded in England ■ as compromising. the safety of the fleet; and in the actual state of the public feeling he could not answer for the consequences, which might be most serious. Namekyk Pasha went to the Russian headquarters, charged to dissuade the Grand Duke Nicholas from occupying Constantinople. The Russians occupied the Samdie Redoubt, which is part of the Constantinople line of defence. The head-quarters of the Turkish army of defence have been removed, to Stefans. The Turks.are hurriedly erecting earthworks on the Kujuk Chekmedge line of defence. Osman Pasha assured the editor of - the Golos, at St. Petersburg; that there was no truth in the reported cruelties to prisoners of war. Baron Manteufel has been sent from Berlin to St. Petersburg on ah important mission. A deputation of the Working Men’s National Committee urged'Mr. Gladstone to address a meeting in favor of the maintenance of neutrality. The 61st Regiment has left for Malta. The Russians captured 170,000 men, twenty pashas, and 1000 cannons in the war. It is reported that Russia has suggested to England that America, as a. maritime Power, should participate in the Conference. England has not objected. It is proposed also that Greece should take part. Probably this will be agreed to. It is reported that Russia suggested to the Porte the advisability of moving the Mussulman population from Bulgaria. The Berlin journals who are opposed to the policy ,of Austria state that Admiral Hornby has been ordered to seize the Turkish fleet, if necessary, to prevent its'surrender to Russia, A Paris correspondent telegraphs that intelligence has been received that Prince Bismarck will be able to announce that, owing to the Emperor William’s friendly intervention, Russia has resolved to, maintain an attitude which cannot imperil the peaceful solution of existing difficulties. According to latest information England and Russia will maintain their respective military and naval positions during the session of the Congress. No other Powers will enter the Dardanelles, lest they should increase the complications. A special from Berlin reports that Von Mauteufel’s mission to St. Petersburg has been postponed in consequence of the Russian reassuring statements. A Pera correspondent says it is reported that Circassians to the number of SOO, when retreating before the Russians, were suffocated with sulphur in a cave.

February 18. The Agenct Russc denies that the details of the treaty of peace are settled. A Constantinople despatch says that the Russian advance guard has not transgressed the lines settled by the armistice. In consequence of the withdrawal of the British fleet to Mudania, the Russians will not occupy the suburbs of Constantinople. Advices from Adriauople state that it is believed peace negotiations will be completed when the Russians will withdraw from Roumania unless England makes some new move. A Vienna correspondent says : —“Peace negotiations progress slowly. A recent Cabinet Council decided on the partial mobilisation of the Austrian army, if the Conference question is not settled within a fortnight.” At a subsequent Council it was decided to refer the question to Prince Bismarck, and his good offices resulted in Russia consenting to an early meeting of Congress, all danger of an Austro-Russian conflict being thus avoided.

The chances of an Anglo-Austrian alliance have been greatly diminished. The Turkish forces have evacuated Widdin, Rutschuk, Silistria, Belgradisohe, and Erzeroum, and have withdrawn from Bujouk Chekmedge. A correspondent at Adriauople relates an interview with Serves Pasha,, who declares that Turkey has been misled, and encouraged to fight only by the promise of English support. He particularly accuses Lord Beaconsfield and Mr. Layard of encouraging this belief. He said he had documents which he would publish, and declared that he had now become a partisan of the Russian policy and alliance. Serves Pasha’s colleagues at Adriauople confirmed his statement. The sending of the fleet to Constantinople caused great excitement hi , Russia, many journals urging that it should be accepted as a declaration of war. A struggle with England would be popular with the Russian army and people, although the officers. speak of it gravely as a terrible conflict. There is a great falling off in the American revenues, and if it continue special legislation will be necessary to provide for current expenses. , Mr. Bennett positively denies that it is his intention to start a newspaper in London. Tidal waves swept the coast of Peru, and damaged the great mole at Callao. A tremendous demonstration in favor of a protective tariff took place at St. Petersburg. A box supposed to contain remains of Columbus has been exhumed at San Domingo. Hunter has challenged Morris, of Pittsburgh, to row five miles, for a thousand dollars aside and the championship of the United States. Ten thousand laborers applied to the Mayor of Boston for work. - .... The New York Bank, since gold fell below one hundred and two, have been buying gold extensively, and turning their capital into gold. The U. S. naval officers recommend an appropriation of fifty thousand dollars for the Arctic expedition. William Hastings, of California, has petitioned Congress to relieve him from his allegiance, on, the ground that the Government is corrupt, and justice is denied him. A fire at Troy destroyed the Times office. Henry Schmidt, the pedestrian, walked five hundred miles in 145 hours, 17 minutes, and 53 seconds. Two Chicago Courts have ruled that persons taking the copyright of plays by shorthand may be criminally liable. Deputy Grand Mr. J. B. Hosman, of the United States Odd Fellows, has been commissioned to visit the Australian colonies. General Percy, of Cuba, has been killed in battle. '■ ■ ‘k ■ ■ Ex-Senator Grant, of the New York “ring,” a fugitive, has surrendered to justice. Sir Alexander Gold, of Canada, has arrived at Washington to promote a commercial treaty between the -United States and British America. A Canadian laborer’s wife has given birth to twins attached to each other by. a ligature similar to that joining the Siamese twins. Frightful gales, have , prevailed along the

Atlantic coasts The sliGrs Jg Stniivii wreckage.- - There has been great loss of life. Russian official organs advocate a general Europeatt -d'shrmameut after the peace, to economise'Russian finances. : < ; GENERAL SUMMARY. After the funeral service of Victor Emmanuel, an Orsini bomb was thrown amongst the returning crowd, wounding five persons. The thrower was insane, but the police with difficulty prevented the people from lynching him. The Emperor William recently, said to the President of the Reichstag that , the situation is indeed serious, but nevertheless we will hope that the maintenance of peace is possible. The Austrian Minister of Finance visits — London on a special mission. 1 , The Spanish Cortes opens on the 15th. King ■ Alfonso stated that he contemplates a treaty of commerce with the United States, which ■ will be presented for approval. Cardinal Simeoni sent a protest to all nuncios against the proclamation of Prince Humbert as King of Italy, but the different Powersrefused to accept it. The Queen has subscribed £IOOO to the Turkish Compassionate Fuad. A Bill has been adopted by the French Chambers granting an amnesty for Press offences. 270.0 persons were convicted of such offences under the Broglie Cabinet. A portion of the town of Pesth has been inundated. Another regiment has been ordered to South Africa. ; The arbitrators decided, in, reference to the South Staffordshire iron workers, that wages should be reduced 71 per cent. The Chinese took Kashgar by a coup de main. The whole of Kashgar is now in their possession. They have been guilty of fearful cruelties. The uncertain state of political affairs clouds all business in Great Britain. Discount houses are said to hold very large amounts of moneywhich they are unable to employ on any terms. The marriage of King Alfonso to the Princess Mercedes, the third daughter of the Due de -Moutpensier, was celebrated with great splendor at the Doha Cathedral, Madrid, on the 23rd January. The annexation of the Indian Island of St. Bartholomew to France is approved by the Chamber of Deputies. The Austrian Ministry has resigned, but a compromise is' expected. The trial of the Russian Nihilists is over. Out of 100 accused, only twenty were convicted. A number of the prisoners belonged to; the Noblesse, who resided in all parts of the Empire. The strike of the London masons is over. The late : Pope’s wealth is estimated at sis million pounds. ' Social propagandists have been arrested at Odessa. • , ; In India hostilities with the Gowakas have been resumed. An engagement occurred with the enemy on the 15thi They were defeated, with the loss ot six English soldiers. Advices from Capetown are not satisfactory. Numerous encounters have taken place between the Volunteers and the Kaffirs. The - Tabohiasos have revolted, and it is to be feared ■ that the Terubus will rise.

1 Mayue Brothers; "the large Belfast grain, dealers, have failed. The Oldham mills are closed, and the men gone on strike. Osman Pasha will certainly be court-mar-tialled'next month on the charge of burying Russians alive. The people are so exasperated_ that he dare not leave his lodgings. The ■ police have difficulty in preventing a public demonstration against him. The Pasha denies the truth of the charges made against him. : Just before his death, the Pope prepared an allocution against the Russians for persecuting the Polish Church, and against Humbert for assuming the title of King of Italy. ' Lord Beaconsfield has declined the Order of ! the Garter offered him, by.the Queen. J. and G. Bilberhasen, Hamburg cotton importers, both committed suicide on account of failure in business. Twelve thousand “Wigan weavers resisted the threatened reduction of wages. The Northumberland miners’ strike has ended.’ The Sheeruess and Portsmouth dockyard workmen have been ordered to make overtime. Large numbers of men have been engaged, and the dockyard authorities are ordereu not to lose a moment’s time in making ships available. Typhus fever prevails to such an extent in the Kussiau Caucasus army as to become a plague. , The Duke of Northumberland has been appointed Lord Privy Seal. AMERICAN NEWS. San Francisco, Feb. 17, midnight. Since the departure of last mail rains have been almost continuous throughout the States. The Sacramento River overflowed the streets of the capital, and a vast extent of country was flooded. The damage is estimated at from 750,000 to 1,000,000 dollars. The number of, unemployed people is great in San Francisco, and poverty and distress prevail to an alarihiug extent. Soup houses and free sleeping places have been established. Two churches and other property have been destroyed by fire in New York on February 17, near the Second Avenue. The damage is estimated at nearly 1,000,000 dollars. The French Minister at Washington entertains ' fears that the Paris Exposition will be postponed. Among the changes in the new Tariff BUI submitted to Congress, the National Committee of Ways and Means recommend the follow-ing;—-The duty on clothing wool,suchas merino, Metz,, or Metis wools, imported from New Zealand and Australia, worth at the last port of export 32 cents or less per pound, excluding the charges at that port, shall be 8 cents per pound ; and if the value exceed 32 cents, 10 cents a pound. A treaty of friendship and commerce between the United States and Samoa has been ratified on February 11th. The harbor of Pagopago has been volunlarily ceded to the United States as a naval depot and coaling station. It is possible that the Pacific mail steamer Australia en route will call at Samoa for the mails, and a’ vessel of war will be, stationed, there. A delegation of women was heard by a judiciary committee of Congress in favor of female suffrage; TheAmericanshave been driven of the Newfoundland fishing grounds by the fishermen ofthat place. The matter will come before the respective Governments. The barque King Phillip drifted ashore near Golden Gate, San Francisco, and is a total wreck. ' A despatch from the United States ViceConsul ait Shanghai, says : “An appalling famine is raging throughout four provinces of North China, and millions of people are reported to he destitute, and children are daily being sold in the markets for food.” Sitting Bull has crossed the Canadian border, and is now, with 500 followers, on. American soil. An attempt was made to blow up the Canadian Institute at Montreal, but was prevented by the timely discovery of the explosive ■package. P. H. Barnum, .the showman, and two other defendants, have been compelled to pay •io,ooodol. for a libel on K. J. Miles, of the Cincinnati Grand Opera House. The Finance Committee of. the Massachusetts House of Representatives have reported a Bill making the entire indebtedness of that State payable in gold.. : The* trade between the .United States and the Hawaiau Islands has Increased one-half since the reciprocity treaty was established. Thomas Adamson, 1 United States Consul at Melbourne, has been' nominated Consul-Gene-ral at Rio Janeiro. . , > Wool dull; ’no prospect of improvement. Australian 5 offered 1 in New York at from two to forty-five cents. , ’ , Flour at San Francisco selling at five dollars fifty-five cents. Wheat quiet and easier. Hides livelier. ’ ■ ...