ANGLICAN DIOCESAN SYNOD;.
The annual session of the Synod’of the-An-glican Church in the- province of Wellington was opened yesterday; As usual, in the morning Holy Communion was celebrated' by the Bishop. The Synod met in'the afternoon, and was opened by Bishop Hadfield, who read the following charge ;
Brethren of the Clergy and op the Laity.— I am not aware that anything particular has occurred in connection with the Church of England or with the sister churches in the colonies to call for special notice. Nor has there. I think, been any legislation in the Imperial Parliament affecting even in any incidental manner the Church in this country. In common, I believe, with the other Bishops of this* ecclesiastical province. I have received from his Grace* the Archbishop of Canterbury a communication in reference to a conference of Bishops of the Anglican communion which it is suggested should be convened* at Lambeth in 1878. X lay on the table a copy of hia Grace’s letter and of my reply. As a somewhat remote date has been fixed for the proposed conference; of Bishops, I should not have done more on the’ present occasion than merely mention the circumstance were it not that the General Synod, which will* meet in January next, may take the subject into consideration. I will, however, now venture to say that the very vague outline of what it is proposed that the conference should do renders it exceedingly didicult to determine what course to adopt in reference to it*. I can understand what is* meant’ by a council of Bishops called together to’dealwitlvsome new form of error that might have arisen, whose dhty it should be to* declare such to be an heretical novelty. But it is not ; now averred that any such necessity has arisen for convening a council. Again, the Bishops of an ecclesiastical province, however large it may be, meet for the pnrpose of enacting canons for the due administration of Church affairs within the province. They then meet in a corporate capacity, and within the limits of the province their canons, when assented to by the other orders, are the law of the Church. It is obvious that a conference of Bishops gathered from the English, Scottish, Irish, Colonial, and American Churches could not meet in such a capacity, and that it could not enact any canons binding on all these* Independent Churches. These churches in their respective ecclesiastical provinces have legislative functions; of their own, and both enact canons and prescriberules for their own guidance. I pass over theconsideration of a Patriarchate, and of an as--sembly of Bishops within its limits, having on a former occasion distinctly stated my views on that subject. A further object contemplated in convening an assembly of Bishops may be the benefit derivable from the mutual consultation and counsel of persons engaged in similar work in so many different parts of the world. This would, no doubt, in many respects, be most desirable. But however beneficial this might be, it can scarcely be regarded as an adequate inducement to a Bishop of a Church so distant from England as that of New Zealand to absent himself for manv months from his diocese. It is possible that some object more definite than any hitherto set forth may be propounded before the next session of the Synod, which may bring the proposed conference under the notice of the Church in a different and more practical aspect than any in which it has as yet been presented. The General Synod in such case will • • no doubt express a definite opinion on the subject. A copy of a notice of motion, to be moved at thenext session of the Diocesan Synod of Christchurch by the Dean of Christchurch, was forwarded to me last year. Dean Jacobs proposes that the Synod should memorialise the General Synod “ to make arrangements at its next triennial session in 1877 for the election of clerical and lay representatives for the next ensuing Synod, to meet in ISBO, on this basis, namely, that they should first be with the Bishops a convention to revise the constitution, and afterwards the eighth Synod of the Church of the Province of New Zealand.*’ My great respect for Dean Jacobs’ knowledge and judgment induced me to give the proposal the most careful consideration. But I was unable to attach any distinct meaning to the proposal. I was unable, that is to say, to imagine how a duly organised Provincial Church, which has for many years exercised its functions as such, having a General Synod and six Diocesan Synods, is to dissolve itself, apparently for the purpose—though this is not very clearly stated—of relieving itself of some obligations, or escaping from some difficulties, and then forthwith reconstruct itself, and declare that nothing whatever had been done, by still claiming in its corporate capacity to exist in unbroken continuity under the same organisation as before, being represented by a body calling itself “the' eighth s ynod of the Church of the Province of New Zealand.” Under these circumstances, I thought it advisable to consult Mr. Sewell, an absent member of the General Synod, who took a very Intelligent and active partin its last session. Inhisrcplyto myletterhe says : —“ I do not think the course which Dean Jacobs proposes, of calling a fresh convention for revising the constitution, is either necessary or expedient.** He proceeds to give further reasons for the opinion he has expressed. Sir William Martin, also a member at that time of the General Synod, in a letter to* Bishop Abraham, saysAs to the proposal of Dean-.
Jacobs, X acree entirely with the view taken by the Bishop of 'Wellington and Mr. Sewell." It appears to mo unnecessary to say more now as to the proposed solution ot what X deem an imaginary difficulty. I shall, of course, feel it ray duty to oppose in the General Synod any revolutionary motion of tho kind. I have received from the secretary of tho Bishop of Christchurch some resolutions ot the Synod ot that diocese. He says " The Bishop requests that yonr lordship will cause the above resolutions to be hud before yonr Diocesan Synod at its next session. I do not formally lay these resolutions <m the tab e. though they are accessible to tho members of the gynnd, because I think to adopt such a course would be an innovation, and one which might lead to inconvenience. Had it been the wish Of the Most Kev. Primate that X should bring any matter under your consideration. I should certainly have endeavored to do so; but I aware that the resolutions of the Synod of Christchurch have any particular claim on this Synod. I should hard y have *““*«'* * h subiect had it not been that during the debates wmen niflArt in General Synod it was more than to thfs sub ect because it is one ot urgent importa co. There isa practical deficiency in the working of our inere is a. TPOn i r ea a remedy. Previous to ?S68 r the% S e^M h a 14 statute for delegating certain of in tho General Synod.” Under the the powersi «■ tatute a standing Commission was Splinted.°f*whlcMh? Metropolitan, tho Bishop of Wevr /calami was a member and chairman. But in .totite was superseded by two new statutes. of tho7e. No, 6. provided the mode of procedure for the appointment of a Primate : another, No. 7, for establishing a Standing Commission. By the terms of the Isst-named statute, the functions of tho Standing Commission were curtailed; it became little more then acourtof appeal. The Primate was thus left without any committee in any way representing the General Synod, with whom he might take counsel in reference to important matters of business connected with the general wellbeing of the Church. The object of the chance made in 1863 was to provide for the possible separation as to locality of the Primate and the Standing Commission. I think ft remedy is required for this apparent anomaly; this is my only reason for alluding to the subject. v anous Diocesan Synods in this Provincial Church will not be satisfied by the substitution of the S>nod of the Diocese of Christchurch for such a body as a Standing Committee duly elected by the General Synod. You have already been informed by a circular, indicating some of the subjects which would be brought before you. that by a resolution of the Genetau ynod, statute 5, on the appointment of pastors, and more especially that portion of it which relates to the Board of Nominators, Is referred to the Diocesan Synods for consideration, I have no very definite opinion to express'on this subject. It is alleged that the nominators system has not worked satisfactorily " some parts of this ecclesiastical province. But although this mav have been the case in some instances which have indirectly been brought to my knowledge the evil or inconvenience, such as it was. seems to have been occasioned, not so much by any defect in the statute as by the want of care exercised on the part of nominators. No system which can possibly be devised will be able to preclude occasional mistakes being made by the appointment of unfit persons to be nominators, or even unintentional mistakes on the part of nominators most anxious to discharge with thorough impartiality and sincerity the duty they have undertaken. It appearsto me that as the statute now stands there is ample scope given to any Diocesan Synod to prescribe regulations for the more perfect working 'Ot the system. Hawever I feel that it is a subject mote especiaßy affecting the clergy and the laity, and f trust It will have the careful consideration of the Synod. , , .. With reference to another question, namely, the qualification of nominators, which was raised during the Last session of the General Synod, I must refer j on to what I said last year. It will be fonnff at pane V of the report. I then, also, at the request of the Bishop Of Nelson, distributed some resolutions of the Synod of Nelson on the same subject. . Statutes 9 and 10, which respectively establish courts and define ecclesiastical offences, became part of onr Church law at tho last session of the General Synod. These statutes were absolutely necessary to oux existence as an organised body. The unwillingness of previous Synods to give these statutes the force of Church law always appeared to roe unaccountable. I do not think that they supply all that is needed, or that they may not require amendment and improvement. On the contrary, there can be no reasonable doubt that further provision must soon be made for •the determination of differences which are snre to arise But what I do, maintain is, that our Church system must be pronounced a failure, unless in a country situated as we are, where the law of the laud takes no special cognisance of church matters-~it shall provide for the settlement of disputes as they arise, by means of some prescribed mode of procedure clearly laid down and thoroughly understood by all parties concerned. A primary and obvious duty of an organised body, such as the Church in this country, must be to enact such laws as are needful for the due and efficient exercise of all the functions for which it exists; and one of the chief of these must be to keep the peace within its own limits. This, I repeat, can only he done by means of its own laws, and through its own courts with a well-defined mode of procedure. I re°ret to say that there has always appeared to be in the General Synod a majority who have, for some . reason or other, possibly the limited time at msposal. succeeded in deferring to a future occasion i the necessity of thoroughly grappling with this sub- i ject An attempt was made at the last session of the i General Synod to take into consideration the canons 1 of the English Church, and determine what canons i should be deemed applicable to the present circum- i stances of the Chnrch In this country; but the attempt i met with no success. It will be a matter for serious 1 regret if these subjects are either neglected or post- : ■poned until some grievous scandal shall arise for tiie i correction of which no provision shall have been i m icalled yonr attention last year to the draft of a i “ Statute to limit and define the powers of the General I Synod in reference to alterations of the services, formularies. and Articles of the Church, and the antho- i rised version of the Holy Scriptures, and to settle the i mode of procedure in reference thereto.” By direction , of the General Synod it was ordered that the Bill should “be printed and circulated for general information, and that the same be transmitted i by the Primate to the respective Bishops i and be made known to tbe respective Diocesan ] Synods.” We last year decided to leave its considara- i tion for this session of the Synod. It has now there- i fore become needful that the Synod should pronounce ] some opinion upon it. It has been drifted with great I care and ability, and is remarkably clear. I ( presume that the intention of the General Synod ( in submitting this draft statute to the various i Diocesan Synods was in order that its main I principle or principles should be sanctioned -by I them. It could hardly have been intended that ] each Diocesan Synod should alter its details, as i alterations made by six Synods acting independently • would most probably result in the production of con- I siderable variety. Still, if it should be the wish of * the. Synod to make any alterations, these might lie ■ indicated, and it would remain for the General Synod i to select from all the suggested alterations such as i were likely to render the statute more perfect. The Bill seems to contain two principles, which should be carefully weighed and considered. The : first is, that the General Synod should be debarred from hasty legislation in reference to any alterations in tbe Book of Common Prayer, or in the authorised version of the Holy Scriptures. The cleat enunciation of this principle, and its embodiment in a statute, can scarcely be deemed uncalled for when it is borne in mind that it was proposed in the last Synod to make an important alteration in the Prayer Bookno less a change than the final excision of the old , table oflessons, which had the prescription of centuries, , for the purpose of substituting in its stead the new ; table of lessons and to do this, not even by statute to be carefully considered at several stages of its progress but by a resolution, and that this resolution was only negatived by a majority of one in the order of Uy representatives, and by an equality ot votes in the order of Bishops, the other order having assented to it by a large majority. In order, therefore, to provide a safeguard against hasty alterations being made in our venerable Book of Common Prayer, it is most desirable and highly important, that the principle contained in this Bill should be affirmed and establisfrcd The’second principle which the Bill contains is one uo less important, but one not so obviously necesrarv It provides that no such alterations as those mentioned above shall be made unless a majority of the Diocesan Synods shall have expressly assented thereto or if two shall have expressly dissented therefrom This indeed, is a principle which requites careful consideration before it is finally sanctioned It seems to introduce a novelty .into our Church system. Whether if adopted, it is one which will be ultimately productive of good or not, I confess myself at present unable to foresee, and therefore feel reluctant to offer an opinion in reference to it until I shall have heard the arguments by which it is supported aff--s'oed Some persons whose opinions are worthy of great respect advocate the adoption of this principle. Certainly, if onr Church system is expected to work harmoniously and smoothly, provision ought to be maTe that the wishes of dioceses should not be disregarded in any general church legislation. But this scarcely touches the particular point at issue. Be•cause as each diocese is equally represented in the •General Synod—each diocese being represented by one Bishop, three clergymen, and four lay j*"' 1 as the Bill provides that no alteration can take place until it has been reconsidered at a General Synod, it will be quite possible for any diocese through theirrepresentatives to give expression to their dissent to any such proposed alteration. But what rather induces hesitation on my part in arriving at any definite opinion »until I hear the subject more fully discussed, is, that tho General gynod,containing representatives from all tliedioceHes, is the body most competent to deliberate carefully, and deal satisfactorily with questions which require gpecial learning, as well as knowledge of the actual working of the Church in the various parts of the eccleaeasticaXprovince. Besides, there is every reason for thinking that the General ‘Synod would attach great weight to any objections which might be formally made to any contemplated alteration by two Diocesan Synods even though such objections were, not absolutely prohibitory of its further action, lhave riven expression to these thoughts which occur to me; but I by no means wish it to be inferred that I have formed any such definite opinion on the subject that I am prepared to make any pos tivo rccoramendation to the Synod about It. On a previous occasion 1 alluded to the want in this ecclesiastical province of a Theological College •dMinata to the needs of the country for educating youn g A menfor the ministry of the Church. I believe since then efforts have been made to place John’. 1 College, situated in the diocese of Auckland, on such a footing as might answer the requisite purpose. I am not In possession of suS knowledge of facts as might enable me to fora an opinion as te what progress has been made, to rora uo ot/ i n s position to meet some of the more urgent requirements of the Church; but as independent steps are. ..till being tekenln various diocese* to educate and train young men for the it would appear that it does not aa-yct supply “at r«qu?S I mention this again, becausc I trust the time may mot be far distarit when an nstilution may bsln existence'which, bylts Unques-
tioned excellence and efficiency, may attract all the youth of the colony who may seriously desire to devote themselves to the ministry of the Church, From such an institution might go forth men not only qualified for the work they may bo about to undertake, but aware beforehand—which many clergymen who conic from England are not—of tho nature of the work they are about to engage in, and understanding the Church system they are expected to work under. Very serious difficulties may be anticipated for the Church in this country unless some institution ade quate to its rapidly increasing wants shall soon make provision for these. But I will not now enlarge upon a subject on which I fully expressed my views on a former occasion. I venture to repeat what I said last year as to the importance of electing three clerical and four lay representatives, who may bo able to attend the General Synod, which is to meet at Nelson in the third week of January next. Every session of the General Synod increases in importance, for subjects of greater moment. and questions of more difficult solution, necessarily present themselves as the Church enlarges her sphere of action. Tho elections have been delayed with a view of enabling probable representatives to ascertain whether, they could, in case of their election. attend at the time mentioned for the session of the Synod. Before proceeding to notice matters immediately concerning this diocese, there is one event affecting the Church generally which X cannot pass over in silence. The resignation of the Bishop of Walapu from ill-health will occasion a sorions loss to the Church. He was the first Bishop consecrated la New Zealand, his consecration having taken place in this city in the year 1859. His long residence in this country—having arrived hero in 1826, in connection with the Church Missionary Society—together with the fact of his having been the first archdeacon appointed by Bishop Selwyn, who soon recognised his earnestness, energy, and zeal, enabled him to acquire such a thorough knowledge of all Church matters connected with both the English and Maori populations, that his opinions and advice were of very great value iu the councils of the Church. I trust that under tho Divine guidance the Church may bo able to select a worthy successor to supply his place, 1 will not detain you long by any attempt to give a detailed review of the general state of the diocese. The report of the Standing Committee, which will be brought up, contains some interesting information. The reports and returns from the various parishes and parochial districts will supply particulars of actual work done. I will endeavor to confine my observations to what I have been more immediately connected with. In May last I consecrated St. Mark’s Church, situated in a part of St. Peter's parish, in this city, in which the population has recently increased very rapidly. The Rev. Richard Coffey, who has ministered for some years in the diocese of Dunedin, has accepted the spiritual charge of the new district, and is expected to arrive here this week. On the Ist of Juno I consecrated St. Luke’s Church, at Greytown. It had been much enlarged and greatly improved. in fact, almost rebuilt. It now, I trust, supplies the requirements of the township. The church at Carterton, which had been previously consecrated, has also been enlarged and improved. This has been done in a great measure through the liberality of Mr. Carter, of that district. The Rev. Mr. Booth holds Divine service there every Sunday. Much still remains to be done in the Wairarapa. But the great progress which the Church has made there during the few years that I have regularly visited it has been, under the Divine blessing, the result of the Rev. A. Knell’s zealous and unremitting labors. I trust that the Rev. J. F. Teakle, who, as deacon, has been officiating at Masterton during tho last year, and who was ordained priest on the 24th of last month, will relieve Mr. Knell of a great part of bis previous onerous duties.
I held confirmations during last summer, in this city, at Karori, the Hutt, Greytown, Carterton, and Masterton, besides others at Otakl and Moutoa, where Maoris were confirmed. While mentioning this subject I would desire to intimate to the clergy present that I should be glad before we separate to fix the time for the administration of the rite of confirmation in their respective parishes or parochial districts. Tins is the more needful this year, as the meeting of the General Synod may probably occasion my absence for three or four weeks from the diocese, thus curtailing the time at my disposal. Turning now to the West Coast,! ain able to say that a church has been built at Palmerston, that another is in progress ami nearly completed at Foxton ; and that a third will, I hope, soon be begun at Sandon, where energetic efforts have been made by the inhabitants to have one erected, for which plans have been already prepared. Churches both at Feiiding and Hull's are now required; but hitherto, I believe, no actual step? have been taken to obtain them. I shall hope to ascertain during the ensuing summer the best mode of dividing this district, and of supplying it with clergymen. The diocese is much in want of additional help north of Wanganui. Ido not as yet see any immediate prospect ot obtaining -either funds or clergymen to enable me to extend Church work in that district. I went last summer to the extreme limit of the diocese, visiting, as far as possible, both the English and Maori settlements north of Patea; but such visits are unsatisfactory where there is no clergyman located in the neighborhood, and where it becomes almost impossible to gather people together at a short notice. My anxiety and concern for these and other outlying parts of the diocese compel me to allude again to the very inadequate funds placed at the disposal of the Standing Committee for the purpose of church extension. While in many respects this diocese has not been wanting in liberality, I believe that in no other diocese is the amount raised for the Diocesan Fund or Home Mission so small as in this. T here are a few yiersons who for many years have given it their cordial support and have subscribed liberally. There are others who have occasionally mode liberal donations. Only last week a lady brought me £IOO as a donation to the fund. But what I earnestly desire is to see the duty recognised by every Church member of giving annually and regularly some contribution, however small, to this fund. The pastor of a parish is not contented until he can reach every person committed to his charge. I confess that I shall continue to deem my episcopate a failure so long as I shall fail to stir up and enlist more zeal for extending the ministrations of our Church to all the outlying districts of the diocese.
The state of the Maori population also affords me matter for anxious thought. A few years ago there appeared to be so much indifference on their part to religion that it was very difficult to approach them. Recently, however, a great .change has taken place. Now the difficulty is to know how to supply tho ministrations of religion to those who are ready to receive them. These remarks indeed apply to some parts only of the diocese.- The .Rev. A. Knell has furnished me with an interesting memorandum in reference to the Maoris, of Wairarapa, which I now lay on the table. Living in smalt detached parties as they usually do, scattered over a large area, it is not easy to have frequent access to them. It may be interesting to you to know that Mr. Knell has arranged that some of those most anxious to revive the work of the Church are to meet me near Greytown in a fortnight from the present time, when it is hoped that some practical measures may be devised for locating a Maori clergyman among them. I believe that they will provide a large part of the stipend which will be needful for his support, residing as lie will be away from his own tribe. If any of the English in the Wairarapa would assist for a few years towards this special object, it would facilitate the arrangement. If ourinterview should prove satisfactory. I shall hope to ordain a Maori now residing at Otaki, to whom I alluded jast year, who has for some time been diligently studying, for the purpose of fitting himself for the ministry, under the instruction of the Rev. J. McWllliam. Mr. McWUliam has also devoted much time to the instruction of two other Maori students, who may, I trust, in due time be deemed fit for ordination, and may then be appointed to parts of the diocese most in need of their services. I look forward with increasing confidence to the benefit likely to follow from the labors ot Maori clergymen among their own race. Hitherto the results have been most encouraging. I feel much indebted to Mr. McWllliam for the zealous manner in which he has carried out my wishes and furthered the object I had in view. His own district, in which two Maori deacons are his tellow laborers, has greatly improved. During the last year I confirmed fifty-two Maoris there. With regard to the Maori population in the northern part of the diocese, where there is no Maori speaking clergyman, except at Wanganui, I can see no prospect of doing anything until I can locate a Maori clergyman in the district. But where at present so little interest is taken in religion by the Maoris, and where they are so poor as they are there, having not yet recovered in eitlierrespectfrom the fatal effects of the late war, the difficulty of making provision for their support will be very great. I have received a letter from his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury (which I lay on the table) in reference to a day of intercession for missions. The day appointed in England is St. Andrew’s day, the 30th of November. It is suggested by bis Grace that the same day should be observed hero. I should wisll the clergy of the diocese to act on this suggestion, so far as it may be in their power to do so. The offertories collected on a similar occasion last year were sent to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, for which the treasurer returned the thanks of the society in a letter, which I laid before the Standing Committee. I propose that this year any offertories may be sent to me, to be forwarded to the Church Missionary Society. I row lay on the table the reports and returns of the various parishes and parochial districts, which will, as usual, be submitted to the consideration of a select committee: also, a corrected schedule ot the lands belonging to the Church, held in trust for the benefit of this diocese. It would not be desirable that I should occupy more of your attention to-day in connection with subjects which in due course of our proceedings will come under your consideration. I shall be able to express my opinions on any of these matters if neces. sary at the proper time. Nor do I think it needful to dwell upon any of the numerous topics which the present state of the Church, and the peculiar aspect of popular religious thought, more or less prevalent, suggest. I would, however, seriously caution my brethren of the clergy) whoso time will be best occupied in discharging those spiritual duties which devolve on the ministers of the Gospel, against being led away from the plain teaching of Holy Scripture and the Church by shallow physical theories, which are supposed to be repugnant to what we accept as Divine truth. Science should be the pursuit of ail. Physical science, which deals with tho manifold processes of natural things, has in recent years made rapid progress, and is Indeed highly interesting. This is worthy of a clergyman’s study as an occasional recreation, and as tending to afford a clear insight into the marvellous and mysterious works of God. But mental science ought to be tho study ot every clergyman. To know the laws of thought,— to ascertain, that is. approximately at least, what the human mind can comprehend, and what it must abandon os hopelessly beyond its power to comprehend ; to know that man can never attain to the same certainty of conviction as to external nature as he has in reference to the primary facts of consciousness which Imply his spiritual relation to God ; this is ail important to one who-e special mission is to direct tbe minds of men to what is moral -and spiritual and eternal. But the stuffy-of what is "an essential condition of all-science, that is, of tbo laws which regu-
late tho operations of tho mind, the instrument by means of which all other knowledge is acquired, would seem to bo altogether neglected by many prominent 'writers on theology ; hence their frequent weakness, Inconclusiveness, and failure. Such a study honestly pursued would not only tend to developethe powers of ■the intellect Itself, but would prepare seen to expect
in a Divine revelation much that la beyond their power to comprehend. I trust that the Divine blessing may continue to rest on our endeavors both to extend the ministrations of the Church and render them more efficient in this diocese.
Mr, Bannatynh moved and Mr. Pearce M.H.R., seconded, that the thanks of the Synod be presented to the President for his opening address, and that he be requested to allow it to be printed.—Agreed to. It was resolved, on the motion of Archdeacon Stock, to invite the Rev. C. D. De Castro and the Rev. Mr. Booth, of the Wairarapa, to take part in the debates of the Synod during the present session. He paid a high compliment to the services rendered him by Mr. De Castro in parish work, and said he believed Mr. Booth was an equally zealous worker. As these gentlemen were not licensed to cures, they could not vote, but it would be but courteous to allow them to take part in the debates.—Agreed to. Several committees were appointed and notices of motion given, and the Synod then adjourned till 7.30 p.m. this day.
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New Zealand Times, Volume XXXI, Issue 4847, 4 October 1876, Page 2
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5,546ANGLICAN DIOCESAN SYNOD;. New Zealand Times, Volume XXXI, Issue 4847, 4 October 1876, Page 2
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