ENGLISH EXTRACTS.

New Zealand Spectator and Cook's Strait Guardian, Volume V, Issue 372, 24 February 1849, Page 4

ENGLISH EXTRACTS.

The New Lord Mayor. —Sir James Duke was elected Lord Mayor of London for the next ensuing civic year. Death of the Earl of Carlisle. — We have to record the demise of this venerable and deservedly respected nobleman. The melancholy event took place at eleven o'clock on Saturday morning, at the family seat, Castle Howard, Yorkshire, after a lengthened illness. Indeed, for the last few months the noble earl was unable to move. There were present on the occasion the Countess of Carlisle, Viscount Morpeth, Mr. and Lady Caroline Lascelles, Lady Dover, the Hon. Captain Howard, M.P., and the other members of the family, with the exception of the Du•chess of Sutherland, who was absent owing to the indisposition of the noble duke. The deceased George Howard, Earl of Carlisle, Viscount Howard of Moipeth of Northumberland, and Baron Gillesland, county of Cumberland, in the peerage of England, K.G., a privy councillor, and Fellow of the Royal Society, was born on the 17th of September, 1773, and succeeded to the title on the 4th of Sej»t. 1825, having married on the 21st of March, 1801, Lady Georgiana Dorothy Cavendish, daughter of the late and sister to the present Duke of Devonshire and to the Countess of Granville. By this lady he has had issue twelve children. The eldest, George William Frederick Vis- | count Morpeth succeeds to the title and estates, a vacancy in consequence arising in the representation of the western division of Yorkshire. —Morning Herald, Oct. 9.

Accouchement of the Duchess de MoNTPENSiER.-The French Government has received a telegraphic despatch from Bayoune, announcing the accouchement of the Duchess de Montpensier, at Seville, of a daughter. Prince Waldemar of Prussia. —This -illustrious prince, who participated in the glorious actions in India, has forwarded to Lord Hardinge a superb gold cup, with a request that his lordship would present it to the 50th regiment (the Queen's Own), in which he served as a volunteer. The regiment is at present quartered at Dover, and the presentation is expected to take place early in the ensuing month. — Observer, Oct. 2. Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte has made his appearance in the National Assembly of France, with a speech decorous in language and rather of the royal stamp in its brevity; so that he has at once conciliated and alarmed. Individually no man could be more harmless; but he is evidently a tool, and the real intriguers of whom he is the puppet, remain behind. Colleague of Raspail the crackBrained chemist, and of Bugeaud the dynastic veteran, M. Louis Napoleon is the nominee of some coalition of parties whose schemes are not avowed by themselves nor denounced by their antagonists. The importance of the move is shown by the hesitation of the actual government to bring the contest to an issue with an open challenge. The new deputy's Belf-possessed, subdued, and deferential manner is a fresh cause for alarm; if he were rash, boastful and pugnacious, he might toon

be led on to his destruction ; but he is in the hands of advisers, and willing to act on instruction.

A Sanitary Experiment. —A shaft six feet by three has been suuk from the centre of Blackfriars-road, at the point of junction of the main sewers from the Kent-road, Friarstreet, and Webber-street. At the mouth of this opening into the ■ewers an iron grating was bricked in ; above it, and about three feet below the surface, a furnace, composed of sheet iron, was erected. A space about 20 feet square was enclosed around the shaft, for the deposit of coal, &c, and the furnace has been ignited to test the practicability of thus destroying the foul air generated in the sewers, which in this locality penetrates the dwellings of the inhabitants. Should the experiment be attended with success, similar shafts are to be sunk at stated distances with architectural columns or obelisks to carry off the smoke. !

Emigration from Ireland to Texas. —A letter from the Dublin correspondent of the Morning Chronicle says : —"You are already aware that emigration to a vast extent has been in progress amongst the humbler classes of our agricultural population, including many farmers who had been occupiers cf considerable tracts of land. Since the opening of the spring, the tide of emigration has continued, and now, even at the close of the autumn, vessels are receiving their living cargoes, chiefly for the United States and Canada. Many shopkeepers, small traders, and mechanics, are amongst the multitude of voluntary exiles, flying from a country where the struggle for existence is hourly becoming more difficult and arduous. But a class of emigrants of a totally different kind are now preparing to leave the country, in order to make a settlement in Texas. A little colony, consisting of some persons in the rank of geutry —one gentleman who had been the representative for a south-eastern county, three justices of the peace, and sundry faimers of the larger class, with persons who had been in mercantile pursuits or connected with banking establishments —is about to be established in Texas, where lands have already been purchased. This party of emigrants, consisting of a large number of families, are to leave this country early in the next month, and r/ill take their departure from Liverpool for New Orleaus, as the best mode ot reaching their destination in Texas. Amongst the Texan colonists will be a clergyman of the established Church, who has parted with his living, and sold off whatever property he possessed in this country, and who is to become the pastor of the members of the Church of England in the new settlement. This new feature in Irish emigration is well deserving of ] attention, as an indication of a ' break up' amongst the gentry and the middle class, as well as the rural population."

j Peace Congress at Brussels.- I—This1 — This congress was held on Wednesday and Thursday, the 2 1st ultimo. The British delegates amounted to 150 gentlemen, from various parts of England, Scotland, and Wales. The President, M. Visschers, delivered the inaugural address, in which he gave a rapid historical sketch of the rise, progress, and operations of various societies, formed in England and America for the diffusion of the principles .of permanent and universal peace. He adverted also «o the forms in which during former times it had been attempted to embody the same piinciples, such as the Amphictyonic Council in Greece, the league between Arhaians and Lycians, the Teutonic league, and Helvetic union, as well as the vast projects entertained by Henry IV. of France, to unite all European states into one great confederation. He then passed in review the history of some of the leading European nations, in i elation to the wars they bad waged, and compaied the results they had obtained from their wars with those they had realised from the progress and triumph of the peaceful arts. He concluded with an eloquent peroration in favour of. universal peace. During the sitting of the congress several resolutions were passed, denouncing the system of settling disputes between nations by force of arms, and recommending the establishment of a High Court of Nations for the settlement of such disputes by arbitration, preparatory to a general disarmament. The reception which the delegates met with from the members of the government, the civic authorities, and tbe great mass of the population, by whom they were hailed with enthusiastic cheers, was highly gratifying. — Bell's Messenger, Oct. 2.

Spain. — Cabrera was defeated on the 17th ult. On the I6ih, at the head of 1000 men, he entered the city of Castellon de Ampurion, in Catalonia, demolished the fortifications, seized all the horses, and, after a sojourn of six boars, left, taking with him three municipal councillors as hostages for the payment of a contribution which he imposed on the city ; and threatening death to any mason who should rebuild the fortifications. A letter dated Ferpignan, the 19th ult., says, however "An important encounter hat just taken place on the Spanish frontier, near Figueras

between General Euna, who, being joined by several columns of troops, was at the head of 2,300 infantry and 500 cavalry, and Cabrera, who had under his orders 1 ,500 infantry and 300 cavalry. The action lasted eight hours, and the losses were considerable on both sides. Cabrera was obliged to abandon his position, some say because he wanted ammunition, others because he was beaten. Thirty Carlists, cut off from the main body, sought refuge in France, where they were disarmed."— Liverpool Albion, Oct. 2.

Hurricane in Antigua. — A most disastrous hurricane occurred in the middle of August, and devastated Antigua, St. Kitt's, Nevis, and St. Thomas. At Antigua and St. Kitt's there has been no such loss of life and property for nearly twenty years ; neither ihe hurricane of 1835 nor the earthquake of 1843 having been attended with such deplorable results. During the latter part of the 21st of August, clouds were seen at Antigua gathering from all directions, and banging motionless : the heat was terribly oppressive ; but as the barometer did not indicate anything particular, a little rain and thunder only were expected. The redness of the sky and eddies of wind at sunset occasioned anxiety. In the night the wind increased, and a storm was then anticipated. Every preparation was rapidly made to mitigate its dire effects. At eleven p.m. the darkness was impenetrable, and the tempest was approaching : up to this period, however, the mercury had only fallen oneteuth of an inch. At midnight the wind raged furiously : lightning and thunder were incessant, accompanied by floods of rain. At this time a severe shock of earthquake was felt, attended by very heavy gusts. The gale continued to increase until its force was perfectly terrific. By half-past one the mercury had fallen four-tenths of an inch, and the storm at this time was dreadful. By two a.m. it bad abated ; and towards morning the day dawned as calmly as if the elements had been at peace ; but on looking abroad on the 22nd, the island, which had been studded with neat structures and populous villages, appeared as a wa^te of rubbish and ruin. It is believed that the south and west part of the island experienced the wind much more than the north side. In the Old Road division the devastation was immense. The villages of Daizen and Johnson's Point were destroyed. The churches of St. Mary, St. Luke, and St. Philip, were more or less damaged ; some of the rectory houses were destroyed. The Moravian mission establishment at St. John's, Grace Bay, and Cedar Hall, more or less suffered. Some of the villages were completely destroyed. At this part of the island they had early notice of the hurricane by an extraordinary swell of the sea. The injury to plantation property has been extremely serious, particularly at Tbebou Works. In English Harbour the injury to public and private property was very serious. The Government has suffered a great loss of property. In the dockyard all the buildings were destroyed : soldiers' barracks were ruined, the Middle Ground Buildings thrown into the sea, Government loss in English Harbour alone is £25,000. Wesleyan Chapel and Lady Grey's School were levelled, and Monk's Hill Barracks destroyed. Throughout the island 2,000 buildings are unroofed, and 700 totally destroyed. By far the greater portion of these are the cottages of the labouring classes. The hurricane did not extend to Barbuda. The number of lives lost is said to be thirty ; authentic accounts of eighteen have been received. Immense numbers of cattle and stock of all kinds have been destroyed. The largest trees were torn up by the roots, and houses were lifted twenty-five yards from their foundation.

Chloroform as a Remedy for Cholera. — The Cambridge Chronicle states that Mr. Flockton, a surgeon, of Snettisham, has, in several cases of English cholera given chloroform internally, in doses' from four to eight dro{.s, in cold brandy and water, with marked success. It ought not to be used except by a professional man. Cholera. — It comes; the cholera keeps its steadfast path across the world. That which seemed an abstraction in the remote regions of Turkey or Russia, becomes a tangible reality now that it is in the countries nearest to us : it holds possession of commercial Hamburgh, and has actually entered the capital of fashion, civilization, and revolution — Paris. It cannot be kept back, like the armies of the greatest human potentates — no Thermopylae will hinder its path ; nations cannot fly from it. The only safety is in a spirit of patient courage, of careful but cheerful vigilance. It behoves all to be diligent in their appointed duty, and then to accept the result with perfect trust. The executive has obvious functions, which, it is to be hoped, will be performed in a spirit of zeal proportionate to the need, and altogether disproportionate to the faltering conduct of its legislation. Even from the patchwork legislation of the past session we shall derive soms advantage. For its part, the public mast not i

rely on the nostrums of well meaning ignorance ; the authoritative advice of our appointed Sanatory Commissioner* has been isaned both in London and Dublin, which is trust* worthy, reassuring, and distinct. There is no occasion for panic. The commissioners seem to have established these facts; that the disease is non-contagious, so that no danger for the attendants lurks at the bedside of tht sufferer; that the early stage is easy of cure ; but that all who are seized with symptoms, suspicious or even equivocal, should at once invoke the aid of duly constituted medical advisers. It appears to be probable, that with the simple observance of such rules as common sense will dictate, any one may escape ; and that if the bulk of the people can but do as they are bid in this matter, the storm may pass over the land comparatively harmless.— Spectator.

Emigration. —After all, emigration is no such insupportable prescription for a very ugly malady. Doubtless much may be said U]>on the cruelty of making exile a condition of existence ; but sympathy on this score may also be carried too far and degenerate into drivel. At first sight the decree appears cruel and tyrannical, until we investigate its source, and find it to proceed from no earthly potentate, but from that Omniscient Being whose intention it never was that men should crowd together into nooks and corners, when vast continents and fruitless islands, untenanted save by beasts of the field, or by scanty bands of barbarians, woo to their shores the children of labour and civilization. Love of country, admirable as an incentive to many vh tues, may be pushed beyond reasonable limits. It is so we apprehend when it prompts men to pine in penury and idleness upon the soil that gave them birth rather than seek new fields for their industry and interprise in uncultivated and vacant lands. What choice of these is afforded by England's rast and magnificent colonies ! The emigrant may select almost his degree of latitude. —Blackwood's Magazine.

MatrimonialSpeculatobs. — Theßradford Observer, of September 7, contains an advertisement, headed " Matrimony," from which we make the following extract : — " Two gentlemen, about to emigrate to South Australia, are desirous of meeting with partners in their future life. They are members of the Established Church, and they would not wish the ladies' ages to exceed twenty-five years. A few hundred pounds are decidedly requisite."

The "Unitx of Race" Movement. — To Mr. Punch. — "Sir — I wish you would do something to put a stop to. that ridiculous movement towards " Unity of Race," where- ■ in balf the people of Europe are going to loggerheads. In Schleswig-Holstein there are the Scandinavian and Teutonic elements i of the population, as they are called, quarrelling and cutting each others' throats. In | another direction, the Sclavonic breed is long* ing to be at the Teutons. The Austrian and Italian folks are at variance, and even the Neapolitans must needs (all out with the Sicilians. It is unnecessary to mention the wrong-headed Celts in Ireland, burning with envy, and hatred, and malice, and all uncharitableness, towards the Saxons. By and bye, I suppose the fingers of Highland and Lowland Scotch will itch for internecine war. vVhy can't they fuse ? Why can't they mingle ? Why can't they put their horses together ? I declare, Mr. Punch, that this mania for asserting Unity of Race puts me in bodily fear. When I examine the composition of my own anatomy, what do I find ? Why, that I am partly an Ancient Briton, with a cross of the Roman, a good deal of the Saxon, a piece of the Dane, a bit of the Norman, and a touch of the Lombard and the Fleming into the bargain. — If this madness should prove contagious, who knows but that a squabble will arise between my constituent atoms ? The Belgian, Lombard, and Danish particles of my blood will separate from each other ; my Saxon muscles will detach themselves from my Norman bones; and there will be a breach between my ancient British forehead and my Roman nose. The consequence will be, that I shall go to pieces, or fall a victim to spontaneous combustion. Pray arrest this nonsensical Unity of Race movement if you can. If you cannot, at least endeavour to give it a right direction. Just remind the contending nations of the fact that they are all descended from Adam ; and persuade them to amalgamate in one common stock on the strength of it. — Your constant reader, John Bull."