LATEST ENGLISH NEWS.

New Zealand Spectator and Cook's Strait Guardian, Volume III, Issue 203, 10 July 1847, Page 3

LATEST ENGLISH NEWS.

[From the Hobart Town Adv&tiaer.] The Archdukejosegh of Austria is dead. Ibrahim Pacha had transmitted a cheque to Alderman Johnson for £500, with a request that when an emergency arose it might be- applied for the benefit of the poor in London. The distress in January had reached such a height that the Alderman had begun to distribute it for the relief of several indigent families. A bill was to hare been introduced for the removal of Westminster Bridge and the construction of another at Charing-Cross. This is not to be proceeded with. The Marquis of Donnegal has been unanimously elected commodore of the Royal Yacht Squadron. The Grocers' Company has voted £1000 for the relief of the distress in Ireland and Scotland, and £100 to the Metropolitan Reliei Society. The petty insurrection in Portugal, which had, however, nearly unseated the present Royal Family, is nearly over. Several armies of the insurgents of from 300 to 700 men each, had been beaten in succession, and pj?ace ia nearly restored. Her Majesty waa

employed scraping lint for the wounded with her own handt. Mr. Ewarts notice of motion (which he has just placed upon the books of the House of Commons) states that he will " on an early day" move for the " Total Repeal of the punishrornt of Death." The United Service Club has elected Prince Louis Napoleon a member, although the honour wts unsolicited on his part. A French philosopher has stated to the Academy of Sciences that gun cotton may be eaten, and is suitable for the leeding of dogs. The new see of Manchester will be in the province of York. The wardeu and fellows of the collegiate church of Manchester are to be constituted dean and chapter. The annual income of the bishop has been fixed at £4,500 per annum. The archdeaconry of Derby has been conferred on the Rev. T. K. Hill, of Chesterfield. Mr. Brunei, the celebrated engineer, has declared that the Great Britain steamer can be most efficiently protected through the winter, and then easily floated oft 7 . His plan is to form a mass of interwoven faggots, in a manner similar to that for the protection of the sea banks in Holland, which, he sajs will prevent the slightest further injury, and leave her worth at least £60,000. The original intention to break her up and sell the materials has been in consequence abandoned. The duty on rum has been reduced to 3s. per gallon in order to discourage distillation from grain, the measure proposed of prohibiting it Leing one which would only encourage illicit distillation without producing the desired effect. The difficulty of recruiting the army and the increase required to guard our extended possessions, have forced ameliorations, which it is hoped may induce a better class of the community to serve than that of which the array has hitherto been composed. Thus flogging has beeu done away with, and by the following extract we find that a short term of. service is about to be substituted for a long one. But while the great hope, which alone can induce a superior class to enlist, is withheld, these tan be but palliations of the evils, not remedies. How many would enter the army had they any rational hope that the present private might become the future general. But while our whole promotion is by purchase, of worse stiU, coufiued to a privileged class, so long must respectable young men be deterred irom entering the ranks. However, this is but a tht ice-told tale, and requires more discussion than we can afford ; so to an account of one of the palliations, and a politic one —

Remodelling of the Army. — The Daily Mew* says : " The intention of the government, sire have heard, is to put at once in force the law limiting the service to ten years and to release all the soldiers who have served that term, adopting towards them similar arrangements with those adopted towards the pensioners. Like the pensioners, they are to be enrolled at their place of abode, and be subject to be called out for exercise or for service. This may take place once a year, and each reserve or retired soldier will receive two shilliugs a day whilst thus engaged. This is something like Marshal Soult's plan of a military reserve, except that the French soldier, engaged for eight years, serves really but four, and remains tin other four in reserve. The great objection to our adopting so short a terra -ot service, or even that often years, is the large proportion of our army on colonial service, which would lead to much expense and trouble in continually sending borne men whose term had expired, and ""sending out recruits to replace them. This objection is, however, not so formidable as it might at first appear. Our military force at present amounts to 139,000. Of these there are about 60,000 beyond sea, half that number being in India. Now, there is icarcely any expense to be calculated under the head of sending home soldieis from India. Being. better paid in that country, and occupying a higher level than at home, soldiers like the service, and, instead of returning with their regiments, volunteer to others which remain. This gives rise to the tragical paragraphs which we find in newspapers from Greenwich, telling us how such a regiment, alter so many years' absence in India, landed with a hundred men. This is wound up by deploring the loss of the remainder. But the remainder had merely volunteered into other regiments, preferring India to home. Out of the four last regiments which returned from India, 2,000 men volunteered to remain. The increased expenditure, therefore, is limited to the remaining 30,000 in the other colonies. And of these, few would return from Canada, for example, or from Australia. The retirement of the soldier after ten years' service would of course greatly diminish the demand* on the pension list ; and the whole of the intended reform is a self-remunerative one that is more lessening than increasing expenditure. But it is important, both towards the retired soldier locating himself profitably in civil life, and towards hia. being useful as a

soldier of reserve if called on, that he should belong to a better class, and that, in fact, he should belong to the respectable peasant population of the country. We trust the intended reform may attain these desirable ends."

Death of Lord Kinsale. — His Lordship died on the 7th Jan., at Ringrove House, near King's Bridge. The deceased, John Stapleton de Courcy, Lord Kinsale,. Baron Courcy of Courcy and of Ringrove, premier baron in the peerage of Ireland, was born Sept. 17, 1805, and succeeded his uncle in 1832. The first holding the above title was Sir John de Courcy, who was distinguished in the wars of England and Ireland in the time of Henry 11. Having been champion of Englaud in a" dispute with France, and having vanquished the greatest swordsman of the period in the latter country, King John granted him and his descendants the privilege of remaining coveied in the presence of the sovereign. We may add, that up to the present time, the right has been exercised by members of the family. . >

France. — We have received information of the substance of the last despatch received from the cabinet of Vienna by M. Guizot, on the subject of Cracow. The style oi the note is firm, but courteous. The powers declare in it that they consider themselves as having a right to act as they have acted ; that the existence of Cracow was their work ; that th* other powers associated in the congress of Vienna relatively to this question merely registered the final act ; and that ihey cannot be regarded as having any share in the negociation which led to it. The powers declare further that they will not undo what they have done, or consent that France or England should have any part in it. M. Guizot, to whom the Austrian ambassador has communicated this answer, has already adopted his course. He will not reply to it. The discussion so far as diplomacy is concerned, is therefore at an end. The committee i f deputies upon the address, in answer to the royal speech, although composed of the Conservative j-arty, took up on Saturday the two leading questions respecting Cracow and the marriages with considerable spirit and energy. It required the minister of foreign affairs to communicate the diplomatic correspondence between the Foreign Office in Paris and the French embassy at Berlin, Vienna, and St. Petersburgh, from the 3rd of April to the 6th November, which was omitted in the documents already laid before the Chamber. They have also demanded the answer lately received from Prince Metternich to the protestation of France, and have requested M. Guizot 'o supply written proofs that the memorandum which appears annexed to the documents laid before the Chambers, was communicated to Lord Aberdeen. M. Guizot has refused to communicate the documents demanded by the commission on the address, but he has declared that he will lay them before the Chamber when the debite on the address shall come on. The number of emigrants to Canada last year exceeded 32,000, 7,000 more than in the year preceding. The Bishop of London is about to prohibit the using of the vaults of churches and chapels

for the storing of spirits. Upwa ds of 1,200 guns and howitzers, intended for the armament of the fortifications of Paris, have been already cast. The first ship which ever left England for the whale fishery, was one of only thirty tons burden, with twelve men, commanded by Silvester Wyet, from the port of Bristol, in the year 1594. It is confidently stated in military circles and at the East India House — and we believe there is little, if indeed any, doubt of the truih of the report — that Lord HarJinge has been recalled from India, and that he is to be succeeded to the Governor-Generalship of that country by the Marquis of Clanricarde. A Commission has been appointed to decide upon the medals which are to be presented to the officers and meu who served in the Peninsula, under Wellington and other commanders. Sir Charles Dalbiac is appointed President of this body, and bis colleagues are two other Field Officers of distinction. There will be struck, we are informed, nineteen medals, commemorative of battles, sieges, &c, and it is estimated that some thousands of these will have to be provided.

Italy. — Mr. Waghorn is now deeply engaged in this country in establishing a line of railway through the whole length of the country, with the view of making it the great channel of intercourse between England and India. Mr. Waghorn had an interview with the' Pope on the 7ih, and was most graciously received. His Holiness expresed his high sense of the importance of the subject, and presented Mr. Waghorn with a gold medallion of himself, xjoraplimenting-him on his great exertious. Mr. W. $en started for Naples, by invitation of the Kiig, to arrange for the examination of the best route through his dominions, and intended afterwards ta proceed northwards to dtterrahw the most prwaicaMr

line through the Alps, having possessed him* self of all the feasible points for this purpose. Mr. Waghoru's indomitable pere severance in more than ever on the alert towards the great objects of rapid intercourse between England and India. Wkhin the last few days two vessels from Canton have brought • fourteen thousand five hundred bags of sugar.' Another vessel from Shanghae has brought 490 bales, 24 boxes, and 80 cases of silk. There were also 60 bales of China grass, 90 cases of China ware, 226 cases of sweet-meats; also 1000 boxes of cassia, and 250 chests of rhubarb, 300 jars of soy. It is evident that our large exports to China are stimulating merchants to ransack for other returns than tea. Sugar is likely to increase, and become a very imporant Celestial trade. —Jan. \6.~^ /' We can state, says I'Esprit Public, that the Duchess of Nemours, d'Aumale, de Mpncpen* sier, the Princess of Joinville, and the Duchess of Saxe Cobourg (Princess Clementine),, are all in an interesting situation. It is rumoured that King Leopold has accepted the mission of mediating between Queeu Victoria and King Louis Philippe. It is stated that the Bey of Tunis has offered to Louis Philippe the celebrated Cleopatra's needle. The gift has been accepted, and will be conveyed to Paris, and placed in the centre of the Carrousel. The first impression of the Battle of LLifte t consisting of 20,000 copies, was speedily subscribed for by the trade, and another 20,000 copies have been printed. The Hon. and Rev. G. Spencer, brother of Earl Spencer, has joined the Order of the Passionists, one of the severest in the Roman Catholic Church. Mr. Spencer will be employed as a Missionary in England. On the seventh edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannicd alone there has been expended, to the close of 1845, no less a sura than £125,667, 9s. 3d.

Railway Printing-office. — The capacious building at Newton, on the north side of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, known until recently as " The Legh Arms Hotel," is being converted into a general prfn-ting-otfice. A printing-office in a village like Newton, however humble' in pretension, a year ago would have been considered one of the greatest wonders of the age. Wonders, however, do occasionally appear, and one of the greatest we know of is the conversion, in such a place, of a building larger than the establishments of any of the metropolitan morning papers, or of the printers to her Majesty, into a place for pressmen and printers' devils. The fact, however, is that the London and North-Western Railway Company, among other amalgamations and consolidations, have contracted with a practical person to undertake this extensive department exclusively ; and the house in question has been selected as the best adapted for the purpose, all things considered, upon any portion of their lengthened territory.