ENGLISH EXTRACTS.

New Zealand Colonist and Port Nicholson Advertiser, Volume I, Issue 79, 2 May 1843, Page 2

ENGLISH EXTRACTS.

Ireland;— The Lord-Lieutenant has been pleased, on the recommendation of Colonel M'Gregor, Inspector-General of; Constabulary, to present an. ornamented sabre to Geo. D'. Comyns, Esq., sub-inspector of Thurles, as a mark of government approbation of his distinguished services. The following changes have recently taken place in the church in Ireland, occasioned

primipally by the death of the Rev. Geo. de ]A { Poer Rev. George’ has.been prompted to the reptory of the diocese of Ardagh, of the gross Vamp of 704/. per annum; the Rev. Thomas Lanau2e has been appointed to Templeport, •diocese,of , Kilmore, of the gross value 50 61., Mr. Beresford’s promotion to Fenagh; Alexander Hudson is appointed to the of Outragh, diopese of Kilmore, in the robin of Mr. Lanauze, value 514/.; and the Rev, Robert King has been appointed to the curacy, of Moneymore, on the nomination of the Hon. and Rev. J. P. Hewitt.

The municipal elections have generally passed over without the usual manifestation of a disposition to riot on-the part of the electors. The influence of Father Mather has been avowedly visible upon the present accustomed occasions for outbreak. Party feeling appears to be at an extraordinarily low ebb in Ireland. A monument to the memory of John Philpot Curran, Esq., has just been erected in St. Patrick’s Cathedral, Dublin. The artist employed was an Irish'gentlemdn named Mooie. A convent, on a large scale, is abput to be erected at Dalkey, near Dublin, with a Chapel in the centre, estimated to cost 20,000/., for, which the funds are supplied by a Miss O’Brien, of Rathfarnham convent.

Scotland. —The formal opening of Queen’s College, at Glasgow, for the education of ladies, took place on Friday in the Assemblyrooms. Sir James Campbell, the Lord Provost, presiding. The hall was crowded with the first literacy and scientific characters of the, northern metropolis. The chairman stated that the present was the third occasion within the year that he had been called to preside at meetings for the purpose of opening new seminaries of instruction in the higher branches of education in Glasgow.

Teaching the Blind to Read.— An interesting took place on Monday last, in the -Pensioners’ Library, Greenwich Hospital, Admiral the Hon. Sir Robert* Stopford, G. C. 8., Governor of the Hospital, in the chair, when five old blind inf structed on the phonetic principle, or Frere’s system of teaching the blind to fejiff by the combinationjof elementary sounds, ros| the scriptures before a numerous assembly. 'One of these pensioners, aged , seveifC^eigKfc,. whw learned at the age of seventy-fivel Raff file-hbV 1 nor of reading before her Dowager, on the occasion of; to Greenwich. Another who had neyel : ?Meh Üblq to read when possessed of eyesight;, learned, to read the .testament embossed upon'’ tin's‘priffei- , when blind, in five lessons. Severalqffier blind persons; not belonging to the Hospital, also read. ~

College for Civil Engineers — Putney, Surrey. —The annual distribution of prizes, at this admirable establishment was held on Wed-, nesday at two o’clock. The company was numerous, and disposed to be pleased with the very effective state of the College. After some time spent in* examining the different drawings and plans—many of which did the various pupils high credit, more especially the working drawings of machinery, and the architectural plans—the company descended into the room where the prizes were to be distributed. The president, his grace the Duke of Buccleuch, presided, and at his right sat his royal highness the Duke of Cambridge, who not only took a lively interest in the business of the day, but exhibited that interest .in the pertinent questions he put to the young prizemen. The Earl of Devon, on behalf of the council, read the report, which stated the examinations to be highly creditable to the students; and also eulogised their excellent conduct. Atthe conclusion of the report, which was received with much applause, the distribution of the prizes took place. A Curious Coincidence. —A correspondent has sent us the following dates, which have excited some alarm among the credulous : 1794 Fall of Robespierre. q.Lto which add-1794, gives 1815.’ "J 1815 - Fall of Napoleon. ® ITo which add 1815, gives 1830. 5 J 1830 Fall of Charles X. n.-N 2 |»To which add 1830, gives 1842. °J

The calculation first appeared in the French Prophetic Almanack of .1841, a soft of Francis Moore; the copy froiq which we print has been a year and a hqlf in our possession. The next great change, according to this calculation, will be in 1857.

Innate Propensity.— The last time the honorable member for Wareham was out with bis hounds in the neighbourhood of Bere-Regis, a boy about nine years of age, was keeping sheep for a gentleman. On the hounds passing in full cry, the young shepherd forsook his flock, and followed the pack, so. that he did not reach his home till.dark. On the gentleman reproving him, he merely observed, “ Lord, master! I wish I was a foxhoupd.”

Chinese Banking. —The descriptive catalogue of the Chinese Collection now exhibiting at St. George’s-place, Hyde-park Corner, contains the following account" of the Chinese Banks:—

“ It may not be amiss to remark, in fconnexion with commerce and business generally in China, that both pawnbroking and banking are common in the large cities. The usual pawnbroking establishments are similar to those of Europe, but governed by very strict laws, to prevent the .extortion of illegal and exorbitant interest. The banks are called 1 money shops/ and resemble, in some measure, the private banks of England, each ‘ money shop’ being owned by an individual or firm ; for there are no chartered or privileged banking companies allowed in China. Both pawnbrokers and the

proprietors of ‘ money shops’ must be licensed, and they are not permitted to receive a higher interest than 2 per cent, oh clothing, and 3 per cent, a month on other goods, or 30 per cent, a-year ; and three years are allowed for the redemption of goods, at the expiration of which period unredeemed pledg.es are sold; Collectors of revenue deposit their receipts m the ‘ money shops,’ the owners of which pay them to go* vernment, after deducting a liberal allowance for waste (as authorised by law) in reducing the silver to the quality of government Sycee (standard). Private individuals deposit sums in the * money shops,’ and draw on them, interest being sometimes agreed upon on either side ; but the Chinese banks issue no notes or money on their own responsibility.”

The death of the once celebrated William Hone has been really a sort of event during the past week. Who can forget the excitement which prevailed in the city of London, and, indeed, throughout the whole empire, when Lord Chief Justice Ellenborough presided in the Court of King’s Bench to try him for blasphemy and.sedition. His political parodies met with a success even commensurate with their talents, and the extraordinary powers of fluency of language, often rising to eloquence, which, day after day, he evinced, astonished the bar and confounded the judge. On every charge he was acquitted, although he was arraigned before three distinct juries. These trials were, for a short period, the means of providing for his support and comfort, since a subscription was raised which established him as a bookseller and auctioneer. But good fortune never long abided with him. A series of changes, some perhaps arising from want of prudence and economy, placed him at one time in good, and at another in distressing positions. In fact, it was impossible to predict ..what might be. the situation of William Hone the next time he should be seen. Now, the triumphant defendant, defeating a judge ; then, the auctioneer, without sales or customers. Now, the spirited and able author of the Every Day Book; then, the unfortunate occupier of the King’s Bench Prison. Now, the not less successful author of the Table Book, and the Year Book, and then, the keeper of the Grasshopper Coffee-house, in Grace church-street. Now, the main prop of the Penny Magazine : then, a sub-editor of the dissenting journal, the Patriot. But at last his nature gave way, life’s fitful fever was drawing to a close, and he departed like a Christian, calm and peaceful. He has left behind him proofs of. talent and research which will long survive him : but, alas ! • his family are unprovided for, and almost helpless. The first section of a new system of wood paving was laid down at the entrance of Lom-bard-street on Saturday last. It is called by the inventor the “ Stereoprism” system, and is about the sixth now upon trial in the metropolis.

Mr. Charles Dickens and a party of friends are on a tour for the purpose of visiting Eddystone Liglit-house and the Land’s End. The party arrived at Exeter on Saturday last, and after a visit to Mr. Dickens, sen., at his residence in Alphington, proceeded on the journey. A great reduction in the number of electors will take place on the registries for this year, owing to two causes: —First, in the old boroughs, numbers have been compelled to! receive parochial relief; and, secondly, in both old and new boroughs a great reduction in .the value of property has taken place, so that many houses, once of the value of 10/., are reduced below that sum.

Animated Plants. —ln No: 60, N. S., of the Mechanics’Magazine, I perceived an article headed “ Zoological Society,” in which'it is stated that Mr. Mackay had discovered an insect, the legs of which,, after a certain time, take root; it being changed into a plant. That the seeds of certain plants might easily be mistaken for insects, is a thing not difficult r to conceive, since we have an example in what has been called the animated oat of seeds, when wetted, acquiring a kind of locomotive power. The animated oat has two long awns, not very dissimilar to the legs of a grasshopper;' wlien the water percolates these, they necessarily become distended, and the body of the seed is put into motion; by degrees it is turned over, and made even to skip ; although not with quite the vivacity and , force of a shrimp or a grasshopper, yet in a ! manner really surprising and amusing. I think the foregoing explanation accounts, in some

measure, for the mistake (for mistake I must call it) of Mr. Mackay. Geography of Plants. —The plants which flourish and thrive in countries remote from each other, offer to the eye of the traveller a series of pictures which, even to an ignorant and unreflecting spectator, is full of a peculiar and fascinating interest, in consequence of the novelty and strangeness of the successive scenes. Every zone has its peculiar vegetables. At the equator we find the natives of the Spice Islands; the clove and nutmeg trees, pepper and iiiace. Cinnamon bushes clothe the surface of Ceylon; the odoriferous sandal wood, the ebony tree, the teak tree, the banyan, grow in the East Indies. In the same latitudes in

Arabia the Happy, we find balm, frankincense, and myrrhj the coffee tree, and the tamarind. In the thickets to the west of the Caspian Sea, !we have the apricotr peach, and walnut. In ‘ the same latitude in Spain, Sicily, and Italy, we find the dwarf palm, the cypress, the chestnut, the cork tree : the orange and lemon tree perfume the air with their blossoms; the myrtle and pomegranate grow wild among the rocks. We cross the Alps, and we find the vegetation which belongs to northern Europe, of which England affords an instance. The oak, the

5 beech, and the elm, are natives of Great Britain, j As we proceed into colder regions, we still fine . species which appear to have been made for these situations. The hoary or cold alder makes . its appearance north of Stockholm ; the syca- > more and mountain ash accompany us to the head of the Gulph of Bothnia; and as we leave this, and traverse the Dophrian range, we pass | i in succession the boundary lines of the spruce ' fir, the Scotch fir, and those minute shrubs which botanists distinguish as the dwarf birch and dwarf willow. Near to or within the arctic circle, we find wild flowers of great beauty—the raezerium, the yellow and white water lily, and the European globe flower. We have thus a variety in the laws of vegetable organization, remarkably adapted to the variety of climates; and, by this adaptation, the globe is clothed with vegetation, and peopled with animals from pole to pole. We conceive that we here see the evidence of a wise and benevolent intention, overcoming the varying difficulties, or employing the varying resources of the elements with an inexhaustible fertility of contrivance, a constant tendency to diffuse life and well-being.

With respect to our own country, scarcely one of the plants which occupy our fields and gardens is indigenous. The walnut and the peach come to us from Persia; the apricot from Armenia; from Asia Minor and Syria we have the cherry tree, the fig, the pear, the pomegranite, the olive, the plum, and the mulberry; The vine is not a native of Europe, but is found wild on the shores of the Caspian, in Armenia, and Coromania. The most useful species of plants, the cereal vegetables, are certainly strangers, though their birth-place seems to be an impenetrable secret. The potato, which has been so widely diffused over the world in modern times, and has added so much to the resources of life in modern countries, has been found equally difficult to trace back to its wild condition.* Our fields are covered with herbs from Holland, and roots from Germany; with Flemish farming and Swedish turnips; our hills with forests of the firs of Norway. The chesnut and poplar of the south of Europe adorn our lawns, and before them flourish shrubs and flowers from every clime in profusion. The products which are ingredients in our luxuries, and which we cannot naturalize at home, we raise in our colonies, and man lives in 4he midst of a rich and varied abundance. And this plenty and variety of material comforts is the companion and the mark of advantages and improvements in social life, of progress in art and science, of activity of thought, of energy of purpose, and

of ascendency of character.— From, Whewel’s Treatise of Astronomy and General Physics. * The potato, now so universally cultivated, was originally imported from America, and the first mention of it appears in the works of the German botanist, Clusius, in 1588, who had received a present of two of the tubers from the governor of Mons in Hainault, who had procured them from Italy. Peter Cusa, in Ms Chronicle, printed in 1553, mentions that the inhabitants of Quito, in South America, cultivate a tuberous root* which was used as food under the name of papas. This, it is affirmed, is the same plant wMch had been transplanted to Europe, and which Clusius had received from Hainault, and who placed it among his rare plants. The potato in several parts of South America is found growing wild, and is supposed to be indigenous to that country. In Chili, the wild specimens are generally found in steep rocky places, where it never could have been cultivated, and where its accidental introduction was impossible. The potato was introduced into England by Sir Walter Raleigh in the reigtt of Queen Elizabeth, who, witMn a-few years subsequent to 1582, made several voyages of adventure and colonization to that part of the New World. As Sir Walter had a large grant of forfeited land in Ireland, which he planted and colonized, there is the greatest reason to suppose that he introduced the plant into that country almost as soon as it was introduced into England.—> Gardeners ’ Calendar.

BRITISH CHARITIES AND CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.

Schools for the Sons of the Irish Clergy. —This institution, established in April, , 1836', under the especial patronage of her Majesty the Queen Dowager, and of the Lord Primate of, all Ireland, is likewise protected and supported by a host of vice-presidents, trustees,

I and, board of direction, such as We have seldom seen ; attached to any Irish or even English association. The local visitors also are all men of well-known influence, talent, and respectability. Since its foundation 200 , boys have gained admittance into the institution, and at the present time there are 110 boarders receiving all the advantages which it affords, at the trifling cost to their parents of 15/. per annum, which covers all expenses of tuition and board, including also the usfr of books. Besides the 110 boarders there are 5 day scholars, making a total of 115. This number has been found too great for the accommodation which the house affords, in consequence of which a fever lately broke out, which at first threatened serious consequences, but, through the blessing of God on the efforts of Dr. Goodshaw, the medical attendant of the school, its progress? was arrested.

The Accident Relief Society. This is indeed a novel, but an admirable —we were almost disposed to^add —a god-like manner of doing great good. It is a painful fact that more than 30,000 accidents annually occur in: this metropolis, involving a vast number of the families in distress and want. This society was, instituted to give immediate relief to all such individuals by supplying the families with food. The hospitals receive the unfortunate and mutilated husband, the immediate and suffering victim, but they do not, and cannot, provide for his family. This institution meets the distress of those ordinarily accustomed to depend on him for support; and each member of thq committee is supplied with a printed checkbook, from which he issues orders to respectable tradesmen for bread and meat, coals and potatoes. In this way, during the past year, the committee gave away to a large number of most deserving families 3,320 pounds of meat, 3,320 loaves of bread* 1,250 cwt. of coals, and 17,500 pounds of potatoes.

The Sanatorium. —What is “the Sanatorium ?” We perceive that it is patronized, presided over, and protected and directed by men of great worth and undoubted respectability; and that a committee even of six ladies aid in conducting its affairs. But what is this institution ? It is founded for the lodging, nursing, and care of the sick persons of the middle classes. This is a novel and an admirable thought. t The members of this society, and their nominees, have thus secured to them, at a moderate expense, the accommodations and comforts needed in sickness, by an application of the principle of combination so successfully adopted in the great metropolitan clubs. Amongst the classes for which this institution is designed are students of literature, science, the fine arts, medicine, and law, teachers and

literary persons, more especially those connected with the periodical press, persons engaged in the government offices, in the church, in merchants’ counting houses, in bankinghouses, and other large establishments, commercial travellers, foreigners, and sick persons visiting London for medical or surgical advice. The necessity of such an institution in the metropolis arises out of the various circumstances which oblige many tens of thousands of persons belonging to these classes to live in lodgings away from their families and friends, and who, when overtaken by illness, are unable to procure a spacious well-ventilated and quiet sick chamber and good nursing, although willing to pay moderately for them. The establishment consists of separate apartments, furnished with the accommodations appropriate t> sickness, and suitable in every respect to persons in the middle ranks of life. Women of a superior class are engaged as nurses. Accommodation, as far as practicable, will be afforded to persons desiring to nurse their ow T n relatives or friends. Members to be attended either by the medical officers of the institution, or by such medical men as they may desire. Members or their nominees only to be admitted. The payment of ten guineas to constitute a member for life, and the subscription of one guinea an annual member, each to be elected by ballot of the committee on the recommendation of two members. The total expense to each member not to exceed two guineas per week. This, then, is one of those charities, or charitable associations, so peculiar to Great Britain, from which every subscriber profits, and we are n«t astonished, but pleased, to see Charles Dickens a member of the committee. The Sanatorium is. situate in Devon-shire-place, New-road, and a personal inspectidn of this institution has satisfied us that all the arrangements are admirably adapted to promote the objects it has in view. The building is spacious, and stands in an enclosed plot of ground, in which exercise can be taken when needful. The bed-rooms (which are separate for each patient) are large, cheerful, and well furnished. The drawing and other sitting rooms, are handsomely fitted up ; and, in short, the whole details of tlie establishment have evidently been carefully considered, expressly with a view to insure quiet and every comfort to the inmates. Considering, therefore, that extended publicity, is. all that is required to enable the promoters and supporters of this institution to increase the good which has been already achieved.

To Prevent Insects from Destroying Plants, &c.—lf garden or agricultural seeds,

previously to being sown, are soaked in a solution of aloes, (say a quarter of an ounce to a pint of boiling water), it will effectually prevent birds, mice, or insects, devouring them. Some species of flowers, particularly the heartease, get much disfigured by being, gnawed by slugs; a very small portion of aloes in powder, or a little of the solution sprinkled over the plant, will turn their feasting to fasting. I have tried the plan for some years past, and found it to be very successful. I have no doubt, but that; if wheat, barley, beans, &c., were similarly prepared, thousands of bushels would be preserved, from the ravages of birds, &c. There is a species of insect which generally goes by the cognomen of the black army, which invades and riots among the young tufnip plants, jiist as they appear above ground, and is annually the cause of the loss of thousands of acres. If a plan could be adopted .to sprinkle the young plants with the solution before mentionod/they would immediately beat a retreat. I haye tried this repeatedly on a small scale, and uniformly found it successful. The Cape aloe, which is the cheapest, will do as well as any.

Last week a gang of highwaymen were cap* tured by a posse of police in a cave in Epping Forest, which, it appears, they had constructed and inhabited for some time past; A correspondent very pertinently inquires “ What has become of the lord warden, deputy warden, master keepers, verderers, reeves, regard ers, under-keepers, &c., &c., the faithful discharge of whose duties would seem to render such an occurrence impossible. An enormous staff* and, as I believe, at a considerable expense to the public, is appointed to guard the various rights of the crown and its subjects, as well as for the purposes of police, upon the forest.”

Brazilian Sugar used for Manure.— ; Mr. J. B. Moore, an Alderman of Liverpool, and the principal partner in a commercial house, of long standing in the Brazil trade, has memo* rialized government to admit Brazil sugar for agricultural purposes, or, in other words, to manure the land with, and feed swine and calves. The petition states that one great objection to its being tried on an extensive scale has been the great cost; but, since the introduction of nitrate of soda, which sells at 2 01. per ton, and the guano manure, which is selling at 16/. per ton; this objection, has been removed, inasmuch as foreign sugar may now be obtained for less cost than nitrate of soda or guano, say at from 14s. to 15s; per cwt., or about Ijd. per pound. The reply from the Board of Trade was that they could not recommend any such partial admission of foreign sugar.

The parish of St. George, Hanover-square, have resolved to pave Piccadilly with wood, from the Black Bear to Lord Ashburton’s, at the corner of Bolton-street, the work to com* mence at the close of the seamen. The Duke of and the Anti-Corn-Law following curt answer of the Duke of Wellington to repeated applications from the Anti-Corn-Law League , for an interview appeared in the Morning Chronicle of Tuesday. “The thing,” says the Times, “is done so admirably that we insert it for the amusement of our readers : —London, July 16, 1842. —Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington presents his compliments to Mr. Taylor. He is not in office in the Queen’s political service. He is not entrusted with the exercise of political power. He has no controul over those who are. He begs to be excused for declining to receive the visits of deputations from associations, or of individual gentlemen, in order to converse with him upon public affairs. But if any gentlemen think proper to give him, in writing, information or instruction upon any subject, he will peruse the same with attention.—D. A. Taylor, Esq;, Brown’s Hotel.’*

Extraordinary Railway Train. —On Thursday the six o’clock train a.m., from Paddington to Taunton, carried the immense and unprecedented number of 2115 passengers! the great attraction being the agricultural meeting at Bristol. , Reading Aloud. —One of the accomplishments Which we wish to see cultivated among females, and which is greatly neglected or wholly-overlooked, is the art of reading aloud. It is a most healthy employment when used discreetly, since exercise is as advantageous to the lungs as to all other parts of the human frame. The ability to read aloud agreeably is also a truly domestic acquirement; it will be another link in the chain which binds men to their hearts ; it will amuse the yonng, cheer the old, and instruct the ignorant.

Sweetness of Temper.— The first and most important quality is sweetness of temper. Heaven did not give to the female sex insinuation and persuasion, in order to be surly; it did riot make them weak, in order to be imperious;. it it did not give them a sweet voice, in order to be employed in scolding; nor did it provide them with delicate features, in order to be disfigured; 1

Chart of Health.—Love.— A complaint of the heart, growing out of an inordinate longing after something difficult to obtain. It attacks persons of both sexes, generally between the ages of fifteen and thirty; some have been

known to'have it at sixty. Symptoms: —Absence of niind; giving ;tilings ; wrong names; calling tears nectar, and sighs zephyrs ; a fondness of poetry and music ; gazing on the moon and stars; a loss of appetite; neglect of business; loathing for all things —save one; blood-shot eyes; and a constant desire to sigh. Effect: —A strong heartburn; pulse high ; stupidly eloquent eyes ; sleepiness and all that sort of thing. At times, imagination bright—bowers of roses, winged cupids, and buttered peas; and then again, oceans of despair, racks, torments, and pistols. Cure: —Get married.

The Middle Classes.— lt is in tlfe middle classes of society that all the finest feelings, and the most amiable propensities of our nature, do principally flourish and abound. -For the good opinion of our fellow-men is the strongest, though not the purest motive to virtue. The privations of poverty render us too cold and callous, and the privileges of property too arrogant and consequential, to feel; the first places us beneath the influence of opinion, and the second above it.

A very considerable number of forged/Bank of England notes are again in circulation. They appear to have been worked from one plate, ais they are numbered 1827, and are all dated June 4, 1842. Crfiickshank’s Comic Annual for 1843 has the following amusing notice of the Thames Tunnel “ This stupendous work is finished, and Wappinghas reason to be proud of such a truly wapping undertaking. Perhaps no enterprise ever-had so much cold water thrown upon it, and never was there a project which it seemed at one time so difficult to go through with. The engineer has worked like a horse, and has scarcely ever been out of-the shaft. The original shareholders, whose pockets were well drained in fruitless efforts to drain the tunnel, have now the satisfaction of once more running through their property. For some time the ardour of the projectors was damped by the works going on too swimmingly. When accidents were every-day occurrences, the tunnel was a matter of interest; but since the water has been effectually kept out, it has become a dry subject. On more, than one occasion the company would have been swamped, in spite of all hands being put to the pumps, if government had not lent them their sucker. The funds, in fact, were at low-water mark long before the works reached 'the same desirable point; and the more the tunnel was set afloat, the more were the shareholders aground in their undertaking. But the perils are now past, aud the tunnel remains as a monument.to British enterprise. We should call it, perhaps, a pillar to the fame of the engineer, if it were not that a pillar is incomplete without two things, one of which, the shaft, has been taken away, while the proprietors have long since lost sight of the capital.” For some time past a very fine stag of the herd domiciled in the park of Arundel Castle, had become so savage that he was dangerous to foot passengers, as he would run out of his way to attack them. His antlers were upwards of three feet in length, and some of the spears eight inches. He had within the last month killed three does, and wounded several sheep. An inhabitant of Arundel wrote to the Duke of Norfolk on the subject, who, on finding that the information was correct, sent orders for the stag to be immediately shot, which was done on Mondayrlast by Ottley, the head gamekeeper. Ottley regretted his destruction, as he declared he was better than any policeman or gamekeeper in the park. A cast of the noble auimars head has been taken in plaster of Paris. —Sussex Advertiser.

The Advice of a Philosopher. —Take especial care that thou delight not in wine, for there never was any man that came to honor or preferment that loved it; for it transformeth a man into a beast, decayeth health, poisoneth the breath, dpstroyeth natural heat, .brings a man’s stomach to artificial heat, deformeth the face, rotteth the teeth, and, to conclude, maketh a nian contemptible, soon old, and despised of all wise jand worthy men ; hated in thy servants, in thyself and companions ; for it is a bewitching and infectious vice. A drunkard will never shake 'off ,'the delight of beastliness; for the longer it possesses a man, the more he will delight in it, and the older he groweth, the more he will be subject to it; for it dulleth the spirits and destroyeth the body, as ivy doth the old tree; or. as the worm that engendereth in the kernel of the nut. Take heed, therefore, that such a careless canker pass not thy youth, nor s ( uch a beastly infection thy old age; for then shall all thy life be but as the life of a beast, and after thy death thou shalt only leave a shameful infamy to thy posterity, who shall study to forget that such a one was their father. Ahacharsis saitli, the first draught serveth for health, the second for pleasure, the third for shame, the fourth for madness; but in youth there is not so much as one draught permitted; for it'putt,eth fire to‘fire; arid, therefore, except thou desire to hasten thine end, take this for a general rule, that thou never add any artificial heat to thy body, by wine or spice, until thou find that time hath decayed thy natural heat; and the sooner thou beginnest to help nature, the sooner, she will‘forsake thee, and-trust alto--gether to art. Who have misfortunes, saith S6l6mon, who have sorrow and grief, who have

trouble without fighting,' stripes Without %|e.; and faintness of eyes ?: Even they thaj|3u wine, and strain themselves to emntjj||jßra* Pliny saith, wine maketh the the eyes Watery, the night /a linking breath in the morning,, and an gutter forgetfulness of all things. Whoso loyeth wine shall not be trusted of any man, for he cannot keep a secret. Wine maketh man not only a beast, but a madman; and if thou love it, thy own wife, thy children, and thy friends, will despise thee. In drink, men care not what they , say, what offence they give, forget comeliness, commit disorders; and, to conclude, offend all viz*tuous and honest company, and God most of all, to whom we daily pray for health, and a life free from pain; and, yet by drunkenness and gluttony (which is the drunkenness of feeding) we draw on, saith Hesiod, a swift, hasty, untimely, cruel, and an infamous old age. And St. Augustine describeth drunkenness in this manner : —“ Drunkenness is a flattering devil, a sweet poison, a pleasant sin, which whosoever hath, hath not himself; which whosoever doth commit, doth not commit sin, but lie himself is wholly sin.” Innocentius saith, “ What is filthier than a drunken man, to Whom there is stink in the mouth, trembling in the body! which uttereth foolish things, and revealeth secret things; whose mind is alienate and face transformed ? There is no secrecy where drunkenness rules ;. nay, what utter mischief doth it not design ? Whom have not plentiful cups made eloquent and talking ?” Sir Walter Raleigh.