The New=Zealander. Be just and fear not: Let all the ends thou aims't at, be thy Country's, Thy God's, and Truth's. AUCKLAND, SATURDAY, MARCH 20, 1852.

New Zealander, Volume 8, Issue 619, 20 March 1852, Page 2

The New=Zealander. Be just and fear not : Let all the ends thou aims't at, be thy Country's, Thy God's, and Truth's. AUCKLAND, SATURDAY, MARCH 20, 1852.

The Raven, -which arrived at Kawau on Tuesday, having sailed from Newcastle has not brought our mail files of Sydney journals. By the kindness of Captain Bowden, however, the deficiency is supplied, and we have papers to the 25th of February. They contain English news to the 20th of November, the successive instalments of which had been received by arrivals worth j noticing. Intelligence to the 7th of November had come via Melbourne, by the Bride, which had made the passage from London in seventy-five days, being, it was said, the quickest passage on record. Next, the Havering, which reached Sydney on the 16th ult., brought news to the ! 17th of November, and answers to letters forwarded by the Bavannah on the 18th of August, being two days under six months 1 (the HavannaJis mail arrived at Southampton from Rio by the Brazil steampacket on the 13th of November). The Havering had been navigated on the great circle sailing principle, and had made the passage in 90 days. The latest news of all was by way of New York and California, reaching Sydney by the Crishna from San Francisco, January 11. The interest felt by the people of England in the Australian Gold Discovery was, as might have been expected, deepening and extending, as they became more fully acquainted with its details. Intelligence of the " great fact," — the hundred weight of gold— -had been received, and, we need not say, produced a startling effect. Australia and its gold-field had become a constant theme of the daily and weekly press, and emigration on a scale of wholly unprecedented magnitude was likely to be an immediate result. Various projects for the establishment of steam communication with Sydney were confidently spoken of; and whatever may t>e the actual foundation for one or another particular report, there could be no doubt that — however the Government might doze over their paltry scheme of a two-monthly line of boats at 8£ knots per hour — private enterprise would accomplish the object speedily and in an effective manner. Kossuth had made what may well be called a triumphal progress through some of the chief towns. Every where he was greeted with an enthusiasm corresponding with that manifested at Southampton, of which we recently published an account. At Birmingham and Manchester his reception was especially ardent. All along the line of road from London, no opportunity was lost of demonstrating the popular sympathy in the Hungarian cause, and the admiration felt for the hero personally. Banners, processions, triumphal arches, banquets, delegates from the surrounding districts, and multitudes thronging whereever he could be seen : or heard, were amongst the evidences of public feeling on his behalf. At Birmingham the numbers assembled to welcome him were estimated by some at not less than half a million. At Manchester, the number of applications for tickets of admission to the 1 ree Trade Hall where he was to speak, exceeded one hundred thousand, the Hall, vast as it is, being capable of accommodating only six or seven thousand. Kossuth was to sail from Southampton for the United States j on the 20th of November; and we presume I that he did so, as in the latest American news it is stated that the New York papers were filled with accounts of his arrival and reception there, and that the Americans were determined to surpass England's welcome to the Magyar chief. The Times of November 19, gave a report of addresses to Lord Palmerston thanking him for the part he took in procuring Kossuth's release, together with nis Lordship's reply. We shall transfer the report to ouv columns, as some importance attaches to even such an incidental exposition of British policy towards other nations as the noble Foreign Secretary availed himself on the occasion to express. It is probable that by the next accounts we shall hear of the death of the King of Hanover. On the 13th of November, it was stated that he had wholly lost consciousness, and there was not the slightest hope that he would again rally. The question was under discussion in Hanover whether, in the event of His Majesty's decease, the blindness of the Crown Prince would render a Regency necessary. It was " confidently " rumoured that Lord Lansdowne, Lord Clarendon, and Sir George Grey was about to secede from the Cabinet. According to the United (Service Gazette, the Duke of Cambridge was to succeed Major-General Brotherton as InspectorGeneral of Cavalry, as soon as the promotion ,of the latter by Brevet caused a vacancy in the office. Captain Sir Henry J. Leeke, R.N., had been appointed by the Court of Directors to the post of Superintendent of the Indian Navy. The celebration of Lord Mayor's Day in London had taken place in the old-fashioned way, no attempt appearing to have been made to imitate the tasteful exhibition of emblematical nationality which, on the preceding year, had made the " Show" so much more than the unmeaning gew-gaw exhibition it usually is. The most notable feature of the day was a speech by Lord John Russell, at the Banquet, in which he declared, in the strongest terms, that a policy of peace with all the world was that which England should pursue, and augured happy results to this end from the Great Exhibition. Despatches from the Governors of New South Wales and New Zealand. had been received in Do filing-street on the 14th of November. The Submarine Telegraph between England and France had been brought into actual operation on the 13th of November, on which day despatches and other communications "were transmitted between Dover and Calais. Here is indeed a bond ;

of friendly intercourse of more practical value than the interchange of a thousand diplomatic compliments. The celebrated convert to Protestantism, Dr. Achilli, had commenced legal proceedings in the Court of Queen's Bench against Messrs Burns and Lambert as the publishers of the " Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England/ by the equally celebrated convert to the Church of Eome, Dr. John Henry Newman, which created a great sensation in the course of their delivery. Dr. Newman had charged Dr. Achilli with a number of acts of the grossest profligacy, stating dates, and places in connexion with the imputed crimes, with a semblance of very circumstantial accuracy. Dr. Achilli swears that the accusations are totally false, and seeks a remedy in the Law Courts. On the application of Sir F. Thesiger, a rule to show cause was granted. Another lawsuit of more than common interest was before the Courts in Dublin. In this case Mr. Birch, proprietor and editor of the World newspaper, sought to recover a sum of £7000 from Sir William Somerville, Chief Secretary for Ireland, for "work and labour done" in writing for a consideration under the direction of the Irish Government in support of its measures. Sir William denied the debt, and an application on his part that the plaintiff should be required to set forth the particular items of his claim was granted by the Court. Amongst the recent deaths were the following : — the Duchess of Angouleme, daughter of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette ; Lord de Blaguiere, of the Irish Peerage; Sir Edward C. Disbrowne, British Minister Plenipotentiary at the Hague ; Mr. Wyon, the celebrated medaldie engraver; Lieutenant-General Arthur Lloyd ; at the advanced age of ninety the Right Honourable Charles Hope, formerly President of the Court of Session in Scotland: Sir James N. Si Gardiner, Bart.; and Mr. Gutzlaff, Chinese Secretary to the British Plenipotentiary.

The Foreign Intelligence, though given in a fragmentary way, includes some items of considerable interest. France was in a very excited state, the Legislative Assembly and the Executive Government being in all but open collision, and both endeavouring to enlist on their respective sides the adherence of the military, in whose hands the fate of the country seemed practically to rest. The National I Assembly had rejected a Ministerial proposition to repeal the Electoral Law of [ May 31, 1851, but only by a very small majority— 3ss over 348. The latest news is summed up in the following paragraph, taken from the brief extracts in the Californian papers : — The news from France is of an exciting character* The most stormy debate ever known, even in French Parliamentary annals, had taken place in the Legislative Assembly, upon the pioposiuon of the qufistion for appointing an armed foice for the protection of the Assembly. The project, if carried, would hare had the effect of exciting civil war, inasmuch as the legislative would have arrayed against the executive powers a military force, and a collision must bave resulted, tuo end of which no one can foresee. The measure was, however, i ejected by a majority of one hundred and eight votes, and thus Louis Napoleon and his mininry completely triumphed. It was undtrdtood that if the .vote had been carried, the President would instantly have taken steps to render it nugatory. > "Italy," s.iys the Spectator, "appears to be sinking from bad to worse. All the Italian Governments except the Sardinian must be conscious that nothing upholds them but the presence of French and Austrian troops. The Roman Observer mentions that, the state of the Pope's health having caused great uneasiness, a triduum in honor of the Arostles Peter and Paul had been ordered. We have intimated above that late American news had been received at ney. The Herald's gives a digest of it, including a summary of the President's Message to Congress, and particulars of an alleged " British outrage !on the American Flag," which, is the ! case be as it is there stated, may lead to some " difficulty" between the United States and England. But it is to be remembered that this is only an exparte account of the affair, and the genuinely Yankee " tall talk 1 ' with which it abounds may of itself induce caution in receiving it, until we hear the other side. The interest of the intelligence from Australia centres in the Gold Fields, and the most especial, and we regret to say, a very painful interest centres in the Victoria district, where crime has manifested itself with a rampant audacity which might make the reader at first imagine that he had before him a narrative oi Californian lawlessness, not a record of transactions in any country under British rule. Things were evidently tending towards the ' establishment of an unmitigated " Reign of Terror," as may be only too fully seen by the extracts which will be found in our other columns. The severe, but no doubt just, as well as manly, comments of Chief Justice a' Beckett speak volumes on the real facts of the case ; and the additional statements which we quote fearfully illustrate the picture of crime and disorganization which his Honor's hand has drawn with stern fidelity. The Government seemed impotent, or negligent, or both. The first mistake — of imposing on gold digging a licence duty double the amount charged in New South Wales, — and then the humiliating withdrawal of that arrangement under the pressure of a defiant opposition, fatally lowered such respect as had previously been entertained for the authorities; and the influx of convicts and expirees from Van Diemen's Land soon brought the colony into its present wretched condition. It would be rasli to predict what the ultimate results will be ; but judging from the past we cannot but apprehend further rapine and bloodshed. The Sydney Herald of the 25th ult. thus concludes an article 1 on ci The Social Disorganization of Victoria," — " We fear, however, that the Executive of Victoria, as at present constituted, is wholly unfit for these eventful times, and that the speedy recall of Mr. Latrobe has become indispensable to the salvation of Victoria." As respects the state of the Port Phillip gold-diggings generally, Mr. Khull stated, hi his latest gold circular, "We have not much of a cheering character ,to report as to the state ofmatters at' the Mount. The want of protection, the want of water, and disease in the eyes, are the complaints put

forth by those diggers we have come in contact with this week, notwithstanding which hundreds are eagerly off to the goldfields on their arrival hero" Thus it is that the lust of gold overcomes even the most natural instincts of self-preservation ! The quantity of gold entered at the Melbourne Customs for exportation during the week ending the 17th of February amounted to nearly 54,000 ounces. We publish Mr. Lloyd's Gold Circular of the 21st ult., being the latest summary of the condition of the gold-field in New South Wales. We observe, however, more striking exhibitions than he gives, of the desertion of the Turon diggings, in consequence of the inundations. Thus the Batlmrst Free Press says,—" The decline of the fortunes of the Turon appears to be proceeding with rapid strides. Some of the Points are now entirely deserted; and except that they bear indelible marks of recent and astonishing industry, are restored to their pristine solitude." The Meroo and Dirt Hole Creeks had become the principal points of attraction for the time. Dr. Lang had left Sydney for London clandestinely, and an attempt to overtake him for the benefit (?) of his creditors had proved unsuccessful. Mr. Gilbert Wright, acting for his client Mr. Wilkinson, to whom the patriotic Doctor was deeply indebted, has published in the Herald a long letter detailing circumstances from w hicn his conclusion is as follows :—: — " 1 would mnke but one observation : — In the whole of the painful proceedings connected with the prosecution of Mr. Wilkinson's claim, Dr. Lang has been treated with a consideration, a courtesy, a forbearance, and even an indulgence, which the ''res gesta ' accompanying the creation of the liability render tfie more iigniJicant. In return for this generosity he has forfeited Ids parole, and left the colony, in breach of his solemn promise, not only without my consent but against my express protest." A Mr. Pearson Thompson, a barrister, occupied some space in the public eye for the moment, owing to his publication in the Empire of a correspondence between himself and .Mr. Fitzroy, Private Secretary to the Governor-General. The Herald referring to the letters, says— the whole matter was that Mr. Thompson wanted a place from the Government, and bir Charles Fitzroy did not give it to him, — hence this publication. The point which excited most uttention. however, was an imputation cast on Sir Charles's private character which we may best give in the Herald 1 s words : — "On leceiving a letter from Mr. Fitz Roy, declining to enter into the abstract subjert of the influences which ought to cau«e judicial appointments, Mr. Thompson wrote one of the vilest letters which it has ever been our lot to read in an official correspondence, and which should, and must, banish Mr. Thompson from decent society. It will scarcely be believed that, affecting to read the word "prior" in Mr. Fitz Roy's letter as " fairer," this learned and dispassionate gentleman plays upon the word, and has the temerity, the extraordinary want of proper feeling, to allude to one who recently held a minor appointment, and to assume that it was conferred upon him from the basest of motives ; wilting to his Excellency's son, he almost states in terms, that the favours of the office-holder's wife were the means by which the appointment was obtained, and threatening to bring the matter before Parliament, he states that before that tribunal personal depravity will be punished as it deserves. In another paragraph this sensitive and moral gentleman declares his intention of making his Excellency's "general immorality" as well known in England as he says it is in this colony — and why is this to be done? Because his Excellency has treated an " English gentleman" with discourtesy in refusing to give him an appointment. Oh! what a high sense of morality is here displayed. What is this but saying "If you do not bribe me, I know something, and I'll tell." What Mr. Thompson's knowledge of his Excellency's private character may ba, we have no means of judging, but this we unhesitatingly say, that after his letter of the 7th February, his eridence in the matter is totally unworthy of credit.' 1 We copy the latest " Commercial Intelligence. Flour remained at former quotations. — £13 per ton for fine; £11 for seconds.