TELEGRAPH BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE. (From the" Watchman," Oct. 1.) THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO LANCASHIRE.

New Zealander, Volume 8, Issue 615, 6 March 1852, Page 3

TELEGRAPH BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE. (From the" Watchman," Oct. 1.)

THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO LANCASHIRE.

Early last week, the procesa of shipping, for exportation to Dover, the electric cable, twenty- five miles in length, was commenced at Wapping. The Blazer steamer was dismantled for the purpose, her funnel, mast*, boiler, &c, having been removed. Her capacious hold and after deck formed the receptacles for the cable; and when her cargo was completed, she was towed by two steam tugs, with a pilot tug ahead, and thus drawn over 120 miles of river and oca to Dover. While receiving her cargo she was not, like ordinary vessels, laid alongside the wharf, the water depth being insufficient, but floated fore and aft fronting the shore. The transfer of twenty-five miles of cable from the yard into the vessel, though 'very laborious, was accomplisbed cleverly by passing it over an elevated revolving wheel, above the coil, and thence to another wheel, some seven feet in diameter, on to a stage some fifty feet high overlooking the High-street, and thence through a wooden trough, ncross the street, on to (he wharf on the opposite side, so as not to interfere with the traffic of the thoroughfare, Hero it was again

hauled from off the wharf on to the prow of the vessel, over what are termed " chocks" and supporting poles, at the rate of about a mile an hour, and then stowed away in a continuous coil down the hatchways into the hold. This process wasrendeied all the more laborious in consequence of the clammy covering of tar, which, owing to the nature of the process employed in the manufacture, still adhered to the cable. It was intended that a gang of workmen should continue the process of hauling during the night, and it was expected that the entire twenty-four miles of cable might by Tuesday morning, should no impediment interfere, be safely placed on board. During the operation of depositing the cables on board marks were make to denote the mileage distance. The weight per mile of the cable is eight tons, and its breaking strains about ten. Mr. Fenwick, engineer, in the employ of Messrs. Weatherley, Wapping, made the ingenious machine by which the cable was manufactured. Owing to the severity of the labour of hauling the cable, the workmen ha 1 to discontinue their work ou Monday night, and to resume it on Tuesday morning. The whole was completed in the course of Tuesday, and at four o'clock on Thursday morning the vessels having charge of the cable ai rived in Dover Harbour. In addition to the Blazer steamer, Government had afforded the company the assistance of the Fearless steamer, Captain Bullock, and the Monkey tug, and the comp.iny had also employed the Red Rover and Black Eaglo, -steam tugs. At twenty minutes past six, the preparations for paying out the rope to the shore had been completed. For the purpose of preventing unnecessary friction and injury to the rope five boats belonging to the steamers were put in requisition. The distance that the rope bad to be paid out to the point fixed upon, viz , almost immediately beneath the South Foreland Lighthouse, was about a third of a mile, and by laying the rope along the boats at pretty equal distances it was kept from the chance of injury against the rock and shingle, with the abrasive capabilities of which it will, however, have to contend for its existence. The spot chosen was an exceedingly convenient one, as it presented an opening between the inequalities of the beach to within a very short distance of high-water mark. Some eighteen or twenty men on the beach hauled the submarine rope on shore, where it was made taut at a few minutes past seven .... Every thing having been announced in readiness for starting across the Channel, tbe Fearless, about half-past seven o'clock, went ahead to direct the course in which the ropes should be laid. The black Eagle and Red Rover tugs were then made fast alongside of the Blazer, the Monkey towing ahead ; and the steam having been put on, the men on board the latter began •' paying out" the wire rope, an exceedingly exciting, and, for the sake of tbe rope itself, an exceedingly hazardous matter. The distance between, the points to be connected is about twenty miles. To allow for tbe indirect course which wind and tide would occasion, twenty-five miles of it were put on tbe Blazer. Having run about a couple of miles, an accident took place, which it was feared had so injured tbe rope as to prevent the passage of the electric current. One of tbe objects was, of course, to lay the rope down with the fewest possible curves in it. To accomplish this the rope, when the progress of the vessel uncoiled it from tbe bold, was made to pass under a couple of friction blocks, to which a considerable level power was given by manual labour. These blocks had sharp edges, and as the wire strands forming the outer covering of the rope were broken in several places, and the "joins," as the workmen on board called them, were bound round with irou wire, the greatest caution was required to prevent a " hitch" in the passage of tbe rope past such sharp edges. To this difficulty was added the greater one presented in the character of the opening through which the rope pnssed at the stern of the vessel. This was about eighteen or twenty inches in width, and pei haps from eight to ten inches in height. The bottom was of iron, but on either side was a wooden roller, slightly out of the perpendicular and inclining outwards. Whenever an imperfection in the rope or a "join" was announced by the men who attended tha uncoiling of the rope in the hold, the man in charge of the passage of the rope # along the deck and over the stern had to order the breaks to be lifted, and then to run to the stern of the vessel and ease, as far as his strength would permt, the imperfection or "join" over the sharp edges of the opening spoken of. A " bitch" of one of the strands took place at the stern of the vessel. Orders were given to stop the tugs, and the friction l{ breaks" were put on, but the " way" of the ship and the run of the tide dragged the rope out till the spiral coil of the strand presented an appearance that left very little hope that the " integrity" of the insulation of the interior copper wires would be preserved. Hatchets and levers were quickly ia use, and after great exertion the spiral coil was forced through the opening in the stern. The general impression on board was that some portions of the uncoiled strand must have pierced the gutta percha covering, and touching; the copper wires have destroyed tbe insulation. The telegraph on board was instantly employed to ascertain whether the communication had been cut off. Tbe needles of the telegraph were, perhaps never watched with more intense anxiety than were those by which the question was asked. The motion of the wires operated upon by those at South Foreland was a sufficient answer — it was almost simultaneous with the last movement of the needles conveying the interrogatories, and the parties on board the Blazer took heart, and the word was passed to observe every possible caution, and strain every nerve to pay out the rope successfully.... A change was made ia the position of the tugs. One of them ran astern, and made fast to ' the Blazer. When a "join" or imperfection in the ■ rope was announced by the man in the hold, the tug astern was signalled to drag upon the Blazer. Tbe immediate consequence of tbe drag was to ease tha strain upon tbe rope, and the men were thereby enabled to lift the imperfect or dangerous portions of it over, or ease them as well through the blocks as through tha atern opening of the vessel. The other tug had previously unlashed from the Blazer and steamed ahead. After the tug made fast to the Blazer, the paying out of the rope was comparatively ea"sy, and the only mishaps that afterwards occurred were a second" kink" in the rope, and tbe breaking of the tow rope of the tug steamer. The latter accident left the Blazer " nowhere." The tide was running at a good rate, and before the tug "clapped on" again, a considerable length of the submarine rope had gone out in anything but tbe direct line between tbe South Foreland and Cape Grinez. A little before four o'clock, it was determined that the Blazer should anchor at dusk, and endeavour to complete the work of laying down the rope next day. The progress was then made towards the French coast very steadily, the calculations on the distance from which, as it was known a considerable length of rope had been laid down out of tbe straight line, became a matter of intense interest; and it was eventually found that the quantity of rope remaining in the hold was not sufficient to extend to Cape Grinez, A telegraphic communication was forwarded to the morning journals, and at six o'clock the Blazer let go her anchor about three miles from the French coast, having 2$ mile 3 of rope remaining. " A warp was made fast to the wire rope, which was eased out to port ia order to steady tha vessel, and all except those required to manage her were taken on board the Monkey, which, after waiting off Calais for three or four hours, procured a pilot, and steamed into tbe harbour, much to the satisfaction of tbe landsmen on board. On Friday, it was intended to tow the Blazer at high water as closely in shore as the soundings would permit, and then to throw the end of the cable overboard. This would have been left dry at low water, and the necessary junctions effected between the tides. Tha wind, however, blew so strongly on shore, that it was deemed unsafe to tow the, Blazer so far as intended, and it was finally resolved to sacrifice a portion of cable rather than run tbe risk of losing the vessel. A buoy was securely fastened to the end of the cable, which was thrown overboard at about lowwater mark. By means of substituting a coil of gutta percha for a distance of about a mile, in lieu of " cable, " which was shortcoming, the communication between coast and coast was completed on Saturday. The gutta percha coil ia joined on to the cable out at sea, where its extremity is secured to a buoy. The gutta percha that now connects the cable at the buoy with tbe French coast, bad fortunately been sent over in a coil of four miles for inland use before the expedition started, and so far came in opportunely. The cable, in addition to the buoy already mentioned, is secure to a second buoy about a mile and a half off the coast. Tbe junction of the cable with the French telegraphs is understood to be proceeding, and also the connection between tha South Foreland some four miles and the telegraph office of the South Eastern Railway Company in Dover, which will at once give a through telegraphic communication with the Continent. Fusees were successfully fired on the order to fire being given from either side of the Channel. Copies of tha piinted message announcing the gratifying intelligence werp forwarded to her Majesty the Queen, the Duke of Willing ton, and others.

The Roiai. Pariy at Liverpool. [Concluded ftomour last.] On leaving tho Town Hal!, the Royal party were conducted by the Mayor to their carriage, and proceeded by Dale-street, Manchester street and St. Johns-lane, to the noitb end of St. George's hall. A broad raised platform, of the intended level of the floor, covered with crimson cloth, was constructed from the north to the south end of the Hall, along which her Majesty was conducted. She was received at the north entrance by the Chairman, Deputy Chairman, and members of the Law Courts Committee, and was conducted by the Mayor, Chataraan, and Deputy Chairman through the building, being attended by the Surveyor to afford explanations. Her Majesty left the Hall by the centre of the eastern portico, from which a covered passage had been carriod to the gate of the enclosure opposite the railway station. The extensive enclosed space on the eastern side of the Hall was fitted up with raised seats, which were occupied by the children of the various charity schools in the town and suburbs, to the number of 12,000. Here was a very dense crowd around the barrier, who became rather unruly, snd some rough handling took place, but the appearance of her Majesty put all into good humour; and the Royal party passed on to the railway station, where the Royal train was waiting amid long-continued applause. The distance between St. George's Hall and the railway station is only a few hundred yards. Her Majesty and suite left the Hall at half-past 3 o'clock, and proceeded at once to the railway station, where she was received and cheered by a select party who were admitted to a platform covered with crimson cloth ; the tiain started at 4 o'clock for Piclcerstilt, •whence the royal party proceeded to the seat of the Earl of Ellesmere at Worsley-hall. While the rope which had drawn the carriage up the tunnel was being removed at Edge Hill and an engine attached, Prince Albert commanded the attendance of Captain Huish at the Royal carriage, and made several enquiues about the length of the tunnel, the stiata •through which it passes, and the mode of working it. Captain Iluibh having furnushed the required information, and the eDgine being ready, the train left amid the cheers of the assembled mu'titude. The rain was falling heavily, and the fog was so dense that it was thought necessary to exorcise unusual caution in running, but oil danger had been obviated by placing a line of men with red flags along the whole distance between Liverpool and Manchester, each man in communication with his neighbour. At 20 minutes past 4. the tiain renched the Patricroft station, wheie her Majesty was to leave the railway, and proceed by water to Worsley Hall, the seat of the Earl of Ellesmere. The Queen was received at the 6tation by the Countess of Ellesin re, the Duke of Wellington, the Earl of Wilton, the Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster, Lady Brackley, Lady Alice and Lady Blanche Egeiton, Captain Egerton, R.N., and the Mayor of Manchester. The Patricroft station had been covered in, and handsomely fitted up with draperies, dahlias, and evergreens. Ihe corridor, from the station down to the canal, 120 yards in length, was decorated in a similar manner, and brilliantly lighted with gas. Over the place of embarkation was a canopy of white cloth, supported on fluted pillars with gilded capitals ; and over the centre of the canopy the Royal arms, surmounted by the Roynl standard. On either side were the Ellesmere crest and banners. The floor of' the platform where her Majesty was to embark, and of the corridor, was covered with an elegant granite-pattern carpet. Upon a wall on the opposite side of the line was the following inscription, in large letters : —" Welcome our Queen and Prince to Patricroft!" A guaid of honour was in attendance, consisting of Lieutenant-Colonel Wessiter, and 100 rank and file of the 25tb, now stationed at Manchester. A large number of spectators were assembled, and, as her Majesty descended from the carruigp, the cheers were almost deafening. The band in attendance struck up the National Anthem. Her Majesty bo «ed graciously in acknowledgment, and passed into the waiting-room. After a few minutes, the Royal party crossed the rails by a platform, covered with cnmson cloth (which had been laid across the line in the meantime), passed down the corridor, and stepped into the barge, which was to convey them to Worsley-hall. The boat, bearing the Queen and the Royal Family, started at twenty minutes to five, followed by a second, containing Earl Grey, the Royal suite, and ihe noble persons already named. In a thud boat were the servants and luggage. The Royal barge was steered by George Aitworth, captain of one of the canal packet-boats. The boats of the Manchester and Salford Regatta Club, which were moored on the side of the canal opposite to that on which Her Majesty embarked, followed the Royal parly to Worsley. The boats were twelve in number, and some distance apart, foiming a procession about 1,000 yards iv length. The State barge in which the Royal visitors were conveyed is an elegant and commodious canal boat, 47 feet in length, by 8 feet 6 inches in breadth. In the centre is n saloon, 12 feet by 8, the upper part of the sides being composed of plate glass panels. This saloon, which is lofty and elegant, was lined with crimson silk velvet, the seats upholstered with the same material. The window curtains were of crimson silk. At the entrance to the saloon, in the fore part of the boat, was a canopy, under which was placed a State chair for Her Majesty, upholstered with crimson velvet, and decorated with white and gold. The banks of the canal from Patricroft to Worsley, a distance of about two miles, were crowded with masses of ppople, who had assembled in eveiy situation where they were likely to obtain a good view of the Roynl progress. Numbers of wooden platforms had been erected along the route, and all of them were filled with spectatois. At every point along the canal Her Majesty was received with enthusiastic cheering. The Duke of Wellington was also much cheered at every point where Iha Grace was recognized. At Montonbndge, the boundary of the Eail of Ellesmere's property, was erected a triumphal arch adorned with flowers and evergreens. Soon after passing under the arch, and about throe quarteis of a mile from Patricroft, the procession came in view of the pretty village of Worsley, situated on the side of an eminence on the • right baDk of the canal. The spire of Worsley church, recently erected by the Earl, was here a conspicuous and attractive object. Further on rose the lofty turrets of Worsley-hall. From the roofs of the extensive canal works belonging to the Earl (established by the late Duke of Bridgewater) which occupy several acres of land on the right bank at Worsley, floated a great number of banners. The largest was of silk, and on it were emblazoned the arms of the Earl of Ellesmere. Every part of the works was crowded with colliers and men employed on the Ellesmero estates, 4,000 or 5,000 in number, with their families. Two bridges over the canal near these works were profusely decorated with dahlias, holly, and laurel The Queen was received here with a tremendous and prolonged burst of acclamation. The Royal barge passed under one of the bridges, and in another minute came alongside the place of debarkation. A pavilion was erected at the landing-stage, with a species of canopy extending across a road parallel with the canal; and here stood the Queen's carriage. The roof of the pavillion extending so far over the canal as to- cover the barge. Her Majesty was loudly cheered as she was handed out of the barge by Piince Albert, and drove off to the hall. The village of Worsley was full of festal decorations.

THE PROGIIESS TO MANCIIE&TEn, Tbe route decided upon for the Royal visit to Manchester was through the village of Swinton, Irlam-oW-Height, and Pendleton, to Salford. Manchester was entered by Victoria-street, Market-street, High-street. Shude-bill, Swan-street, Oldham-street, Piccadilly, Portland. street, Parker-street, Mosley-street, P«terstreet, Deans-gate, King-street, Cross-street, St, Anne's-street, and St. Anne's-square, to the Exchange ; and afterwards from the Exchange through St. Anne's* square, Deans gate, Bridge-street, over Albertbridge, and through New Baley-street, whence her Majesty proceeded to-Worsley again. The route, including the drive round the Peal Park, comprised a distance of sixteen or eighteen milps. The Royal party set out from Worsley before ten. As her Majesty passed through Swinton, Irlam, and Pendleton, she waa enthusiastically cheered. At PendUton a triumphal arch was erected across the road. Her Majesty also entered Salford through an imposing erection of the same description at the end of Cross-land, in tbe Italian style, ninety feet wide and sixty five feet high, exclusive of the staff bearing the Royal standard. The basement consisted of a centre arch, on each side of which there was a rustic aich, intended for the use of equstrians. Beyond, over the footpaths, were rustic arches. On the top was a large crown, and above this floated the Royal standard. There was «n upper arcb, in the centre of which was placed a colossal figure of Britannia ; upon the cornice, , over the extreme side arches, were the lion and the unicorn, of large size ; and there were several large ornamental vases and groupings of flags. The finishing of

[ the arch was in marble, with gilt basos and capitals to the columns. The Queen was escorted to this point by a troop of the Lancashire Yeomanry cavalry. At the end of Cross-lane an escort of the 16th Lancers took the place of the Yeomanry. Here the May rof Salfoid received her Majesty, and conducted her into Peel Park.

PEEL PARK, SALrORD. The Queen having intimated her readiness to recaive an address from the Mayor and Corporation of Salford, the Pepl park was fixed upon as the most appropriate place. Such an assemblage of school children was collected as could not be equalled in any other part of the kingdom. 76,000 tickets were demanded and distributed, and subsequently from 3,000 to 4,000 more were applied for and issued. The number of children present was, therefoie, about 80,000, besides some 3,000 or 4,000 teacheis ; 4,000 special adraisbions to the park were also granted, exclusive of the number of persons to whom tickets were issued for the pavillion, erected for the presentation of the address. It had a straight arched fiontage, about 150 feet in extent, and was calculated to aftbid accommodation to 1,250 persons, an ample carriage-way in front and under the roof of the pavilion being reserved for the passage of her Majesty, who bad intimated that it was not her intention to alight. For the accommodation of the school children, two immense galleries facing each other were erected in the centre of the park and parallel with the pavilion ; a wide carriage drive being left between them, along which it was intended her Majesty should pass. The children began to arrive at the park soon after six on Friday morning, and it was not until after ten that all had taken the places assigned them. The Church schools were generally accompanied by a clergyman in his robes, while the Dissenting schools were headed by the ministers of their lespective denominations. The aldermen and common councillors occupied chairs in the front of the pavilion, immediately beneath the central arch, a small platform being erected before them for the convenience of the Mayor and town clerk, while presenting the address. A guard of honor, consisting of about 150 of the enrolled pensioners, was diawn up opposite the building, and among the gentlemen pre&ent in the pavilion were, the Right Rev. the Bishop of Manchester, the Archdeacon of Manchester, Mr W. Brown, M.P., Mr. Botherton, M.P., the Rev. Canon Stowell, Colonel Clowes, &c. At 11 the cheers in the Worsley-road, outside the park, announced the approach of Her Majesty, whose carriage preceded by that of the Mayor (Mr. T. Agnew), and escorted by a detachment ofj[Lancer>, was seen in a few minutes descending the somewhat steep running paiallel with the river lrwell. The childien of the Cheethara College were stationed at the entrance to the park, the juvenile brass band, formed from the scholars, played the National Anthem as Her Majesty passed. The Royal cortege moved slowly through the park towards the pavilion, and as it passed the end of the great platform the thousands of children who occupied it mingled their tiny voices in a succession of shrill cheers, which were acknowledged with evident pleasure by Pier Majesty. At 10 minutes past 11 the Royal carriage (an open one drawn by four horses), drove into the covered carriage-way in front of the pavilion, pieceded by the Mayor's carriage, in which were his Worship and the Town Clerk. The occupants of the Royal carriage were the Queen, Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal. Immediately on the arrival of Her Majesty, the company rose and made obeisance to the Queen; but in consequence of an intimation previously made that the Royal party should be received in respectful silence, no cheering took place. The Mayor and Town Clerk (Mr. Gibson) having descended from their carriage, took their places on the small platform in the pavilion, and the Town Clerk proceeded to read the following address to Her Majesty :—

TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. "Most Gracious Sovereign, — We, your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses of the borough of Salford, humbly avail ouiselves of the auspicious occasion of your Majesty'i gracious visit to this locality to tender to your Majesty the tribute of our respectful homage, and to express the joyful gratification we experience in being enabled to welcome your Majesty within the precinct of this your Majesty's ancient manor of Salford. " The deep and lively interest your Majesty has ever taken in those measures of -public policy which conduce to the physical and moral improvement of the people, combined with the exemplary virtues by which your Majesty is so pre-eminently distinguished, as well in the private relations of domestic life as in the higher walks of your exalted station, have justly endeared your Majesty to all classes of your dutiful and affectionate subjects ; and we ardently cherish the hope that the large and increasing population of this great manufacturing district, under your Majesty's benign sway, may be so educated and trained up in habite of industry and usefuluess that they may rightly fulfil their various duties to society, and be alike distinguished for their regard for social order, their attachment to the principles of religion and constitutional loyalty. " In conclusion, we trust that your Majesty will be graciously pleased to accept the expression of our humble but earnest desire for the health and happiness of yourself, Royal Consort, and family ; and we fervently and devoutly pray, that under the gracious providence of Almighty God your Majesty may be long preserved to us as the guardian of the religious «nd civil rights and liberties of your subjects, and the Sovereign of a free, prosperous, and happy people." The address was then presented by the Mayor to her Majesty, who received it, and handed it to Earl Grey, the Secretary of State in attendance. An Address, which was not read, was then presented to Prince Albert. A catalogue of the Salford Public Library (of which her Majesty and Prince Albert are Patrons), very handsomely bound, was presented to the Queen, who received it most graciously. The Mayor having had the honour of kissing hands, retired from the platform, and orders were given for the cortege to proceed. A loud and universal cheer immediately burst forth from the gentlemen in the pavilion, which was taken up by the crowd in the Park, and again by the school children in the large galleries. Some delay took place in the progress of the procession, and the royal carriage remained stationary beneath the pavilion for two or three minutes, during which the occupants of the pavilion almost shouted themselves hoarse. Her Majesty, with a gracious smile, acknowledged the cordial welcome of the men of Lancaster, and whatever obstruction had occurred having been removed, the carriages proceeded on their way round the Park. Her Majesty as well as Prince Albert and the Royal children, looked extremely well, and was evidently much gratified at the cordiality of her reception. Her Majesty then proceeded to pass between the two galleries in which the schools, were stationed, and as the royal carriage entered the western end of the broad carriage-way, which had been reserved in the centre, the 80,000 children, led by a brass band, and conducted by Mr. W. D. Banks, by whom the children had been trained, and who was placed in an elevated position between the two platforms, where he could be seen by the whole assembly, commenced the National Anthem. The effect, though singular from the shrilliness of so many sharp treble voices, unsoftened by the deeper tones of more matured voices, was very striking and impressive. The training of the children bad been most effective, for both time and tune were admirably maintained, and the anthem was sung with hearty good will. From the slow pace at which her Majesty proceeded between the galleries, the anthem was only just concluded when she reached their eastern extremity. In the place of the second verse commencing O Loid our God arise, Scatter her enemiei, &c. the following stanzas, composed by Mr. Charles Swain, was substituted: j " Crown'd by a nation*! love, Guarded by Heaven above, •Long live the Queen ; Long may each voice exclaim Wide at Britannia '• fame, ' Long live Victoria'! name, God bkis th^Queen."' This change was made, we believe, in order to meet the views ot the conductors of some of the schools, who considered that the original verse had a politico* religious signification. The Duke of Wellington, who was in an open carriage in her Majesty's tram, was recognised by the people, and was loudly and enthusiastically cheered. The noble Duke, however, seemed to consider that all the honours of the day were intended for his Royal mistress, and leaned back in his carnage without appearing to suppose thnt any portion of the public salutations were intended for himself. The Earl of Eilesmere, who was also recognised in one of the carriages, was generally cheered. The royal party then proceeded through the Park on its way to Manchester, amid loud cheers. After her Majesty had left the Park, the gates were closed and guarded by police and pensioners, and egress was denied to the vast multitude who had been partici-

patorsinor spectators of the previous procc dm°". — This measure was adopted with the intention of pieventing- confusion, but it appeared to have a piecisely contrary effect. The school children, who were under the guardianship of their ministers and teachers, might easily have been taken off the ground in an ordeily manner if they had been allowed to leave at once; but when it was found they were to be imprisoned for an hour or more, it was impossible to keep them together. Some strayed off for refreshment, and others to play ; and when the time of hberat on arrived, those who bad charge of them found great difficulty in collecting their flocks. The result was a scene of extraordinary confusion ; ministers and teachers might be observed anxiously searching for stray scholars, and many poor children in an agony of grief were bewailing their separation from their friends and schoolfellows. Returning now to the royal party, we may statejthat Chapel-street, the main thoroughfare of Salford, through which the Queen passed for nearly a mile after leaving Peel Park, was profuse in its testimonials of loyalty. The windows and front of almost every respectable building were dressed with banners or wreaths of flowers, or some fancy device, and the windows were crowded with well-dressed people; the street was thronged with vast crowds. Great numbers of platforms had been erected here, capable of accommodating 8,000 or 10,000 people altogether. The railway bridge of the London and North- Western Company, which crosses it, had been converted into a triumphal arch, and was inscribed with the words " Welcome Victoria, our Queen." Chapel-street leads to Victoria Bridge, by which Manchester is reached.

THE ROYAL ENTRY INTO MANCHESTER, At the entrance to Manchester there wag a splendid triumphal arch, under which the Royal cortege Lad to pass. This was a lofty and;elegant structure, consisting of a covered way, connecting two ediiices, one at each end, and decorated to resemble marble. The fa9ade at each end presented a lofty arch, flanked by two smaller side arches. Above the entrance of the main arcb, in each front, was a large ornamental circular pediment, with a central apex, in the architecture of which was placed the Royal Arms in high relief, the spandrils being filled with the national emblems of the Three Kingdoms, the rose, thistle, and shamrock, intertwined. The outer lines of the pediment were fringed with acanthus leave*. The side arches presented the appearance of wings attached to the centre arch. In the architraves, below the cornice, the one had in large capitals the word " Vivat,' and the other " Regina." Above the cornice of each of the towers was a Corinthian pedestal, 10 feet high, upon which was placed a statue in burnished armour tbe right hand holding a British flag, the left a warrior's shield. On the sides of the two towers at the Manchester facade, in a panel over the opening, blazoned in high relief, were the arms of the incorporated borough, and in the side of the towers on the facade on the Salford side were in like manner emblazoned the arms of that borough. The general effect of the structure approached from either end, was that of a marble edifice, which, besides its architectutal decorations, was further enriched by the blazoning of the arms in colours, and by the poljchrqmatic adornment of various parts of the structure. As the Corporation were to receive her Majesty at this spot, it became one which attracted an enormous crowd. There was, however a considerable space for the people to stand in, and about 800 persons' were accomodated with seats in a pavilion by the side of the road, out of the pressure of the crowd. The ground was well kept by the police. A small military party was drawn up here to receive her Majesty, and escort her through Manchester. The Corporation came down to this bridge about half-past eleven o'clock, the Mayor and Alderman in their scarlet robes and the Town Council in their purple, ranged themselves near the bridge. At a quarter before twelve, the High Sheriff drove over the bridge from Salford into Manchester. He was followed almost immediately by a party of Lancers, and then came the carriage and four conveying her Majesty Prince Albeit, the Prince of Wales, and the Princess Royal. Tbe Royal party were received with the most enthusiastic cheering, the Queen's carriage stopped, and the Mayor of Manchester (Mr. John Potter) accompanied by the Town Clerk (Mr. Heron), advanced to the door of tbe carriage, and being formally presented by Earl Grey, who had alighted from the next carriage, made his obeisance. He was very graciously received by her Majesty, who also bowed repeatedly in acknowledgment of the cheers of the people. Her Majesty was evidently pleased with her reception. The Prince j of Wales and the Princess seemed much interested in the ceremony of introduction. It occupied, of course, but a few moments, and tbe Mayor stepped into his carriage which was drawn up hard by, and proceeded to conduct the Royal party through the town. Four other open .carriages followed the Queen's conveying the suite and the Earl of Ellepmere and his guests, among whom was the Duke of Wellington. The illustrious Duke was kept hard at work in bowing to tha thousands who greeted him with a most hearty welcome He was not permitted to treat the acclamations as intended for the Sovereign; they cnme endorsed with " The Duke ! the Duke !" The Earl of Ellesmere was also repeatedly cheeied. To describe her Majesty's reception in Manchester, street by street, would almost weary while it would gratify the reader. Everywhere as she passed along, the tide of welcome rose. The houses were dressed out with banners that waved like a field of corn. The gaily decorated balconies were thronged. Of the crowds in the streets, it is impossible to guess the number. Viewed from an upper window it seemed as if you might traverse the streets upon a living pathway. The population of Manchester and Salford is about 400,000; but the number of strangers was immense. If one wanted to be directed to any given point, the answer to inquiries was, u I'm a stranger in the town ; I don't know." But strangers or not, they cheered continually, and cheered again, as the Queen's carriage passed slowly along. It was at the Exchange that the Corporation Address was presented. The Exchange-room is a handsome apartment, and very large as may be inferred from tbe fact that there were 2,500 seats arranged along the side of it, and still there was a long, broad avenue in the middle left vacaant, along which 8 or 10 people might have walked abreast. This avenue was carpeted, and at one end of it the Royal party were to enter and proceed to the dais at the other end, the company being ranged on either Bide of the apartment. It is lofty and exremely well lighted, and is probably as large a room as any in the kingdom devoted to commercial purposes. It was decorated with banners, and at the end opposite to the Royal entrance a dias of considerable dimensions was raised, the ascent to it being by five broad steps. It was covered with a rich velvet carpet. Here were placed three very elegant chairs of State and a settee, the whole being surmounted with a splendid canopy. Retiring-rooms, luxuriously furnished, were also provided. The spacious Exchange-room began to fill about te n o'clock, and those who had procured tickets, or received invitations, continued to pour in rapidly. Among th f company we observed — Earl Granville, the Earl o Carlisle, Lord de Tabley, the Bishop of Manchester, and the Dean and Archdeacon, Sir B. Heyward, Mr. A. Henry, M.P., Mr. Kershaw, M.P., Mr. Bright M.P., Mr. Hindley, M.P., Mr. Heywood, M.P., Mr. Heald.M. P., Mr. W. Brown, M.P., Mr. Brotherton M.P., Mr. E. Tootal, and Mr. W. Patten, M.P. The number of ladies predominated over that of gentlemen. At half-past twelve o'clock her Majesty had arrived and, the company being all expectation, the Town-clerk stepped upon the dais, and said, that, though he supposed it was unnecessary for him to make any statement with lespect to the course proper to be taken, he would remind the ladies and gentlemen present that it would be becoming to receive their Queen in silence, merely rising up and making their obeisance. Upon Her Majesty's entrance, the band in the gallery would express in the National Anthem the loyal sentiments of the assembly, and all were invited to join in chorus. When the Queen retired from the room there need be no restraint upon the sweet voices of the ladies, or the louder voices of the gentlemen. Almost immediately afterwards, the distinguished party who had accompanied Her Majesty came into the room, and were received with great respect. The Duke of Wellington conducted Lady Ellesmere, and the Earl of Ellesmere and some members of his family followed. Another minute, and the Royal Family entered, the Queen leaning upon Prince Albert's arm, the young Prince and Princess following. Proceeding up the apartment, they took their places on the dias standing, the company standing of couise, until lh,e National Anthem, which had been begun by the band and choir when Her M-ijesty came into the room, vr as concluded. Some ladies, members of the suite, stood behind them, and there were on the sides of the dias the Duke of Norfolk, Earl Grey, the Marquess of Westminster, Colonel Phipps, and Colonel Gordon. Prince Albeit wore the riband and Star of & Knight of the Order of tbe Garter ; the Prince of Wales hud the

red rose upon Irs breast. The Queea carried in bir bund a beautiful bouquet of floivers. The lnombers of the Corporation of Manchester occupied the floor in front of the d as; and the Mayor advanced with the Address which they desued to piesent, anil which was read by Mr. Armstrong, M.P., as follows : —

10 THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCILI.ENT MAJLSTY. May it please your Majesty— We, your Majesty's loyal and faithful subjects, the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses of the Horough of Manchester, humbly appioach your Majesty, to offer, as the representatives of the inhabitants at Luge, the homage of an ardent and devoted attachment to your Majesty's person nnd Government, and the assurance that we hail with feelings of heaitfelt and giateful delight the august presence among us, in this your Majesty's ancient county palatine, of your Majesty, your Royal Consort and your children. The spntiments which the public visit of a Sovereign is in itself calculated to inspire are greatly enhanced and strengthened wlnn, as on this auspicious occasion, the honourable distinction is conferred, for the first time in the course of centuries, by the gracious condescension of not only a Sovereign but a Queen, who is not only entitled to the reverence which belongs to illustrious station and to the possession of constitutional authority, but who has also, in the highest degree, those endearing claims which arise from the constant and exemplary, though unostentatious practice of every private virtue. While we have the happiness thus to recognize the great moral influence which the example of your Majesty exeicises over your people in all the social relations of life, it is also our gratifying duty to acknowledge the blessings which under divine Providence, have attended the public policy that, with your Majesty's willing sanction and approval, has been steadily pursued dm ing the whole of your Majesty's beneficent reign. The effect of that policy, baaed on the full and enlightened recognition of a wisely-regulated fieedom, is strikingly manifest in the generally flourishing condition of the realm, and in the increased content and happiness of your Majesty's people. We believe that our country now enjoys move abundant elements of social welfare and of national prosperity and strength than at any former epoch of its history ; demonstrating that the free institutions under which we live, and the free commercial policy which under your Majesty's wise and benign auspices, has been recently consolidated in your Majesty's dominions, are the surest means of promoting, and the firmest foundations on which can rest, the progressive happiness, peace, and prosperity of nations. That your Majesty may long live to witness the continued moral improvement and well-being of your people, and actively to aid in accomplishing this great object of your Majesty's benevolent sympathy and care, and that your Majesty and all most dear to you may be rewarded by every blessing of life, is the fervent hope and prayer of those, of your Majesty's grateful subjects who have now the honour to address you. Given under the common seal of the corporation, this 10th day of October, 1851. , Her Majesty having received the address, proceeded to read the following reply, which was handed to her by Earl Grey ; Mr. Mayor and gentlemen,' — I have much pleasure in receiving the address you have presented to me, and I thank you for the warm loyalty and attachment it expresses. I rejoice to have been enabled to visit your borough —the capital of one of the most important branches of industry carried on in my dominions ; and I have derived the highest gratification from the favourable account you are enabled to give me of the condition of my people — with which, in this large and manufacturing district, you must be intimately acquainted. I feel deeply grateful to Providence for the prosperity you describe, and earnestly solicitous for the continuance of the blessings we enjoy. The Mayor and the mover and the seconder of the address had the honour of kissing her Majesty's hand. Pier Majesty then communicated her command to Lord Grey, and the Mayor again approached and knelt; and the Queen, taking Colonel Phipps sword, and laying it upon either shoulder of the Mayor, the chief Magistrate of Manchester rose up " Sir John Potter." The knight had the honour of kissing her Majesty's hand. The following address to Prince Albert was handed to his Royal highness, but according to the usual course, was not read.

TO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS PRINCE ALBERT. " May it please your Royal Highness,— We the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses of the borough of Manchester, rejoice in the opportunity afforded us by the visit of your Rojal Highness to give expression to the feelings of regard which we entertain for your Royal Highness as the consort of our beloved Queen, and of our admiration of the many excellencies by which you have been distinguished during your residence in this country. In the person of your Royal Highness we recognise the descendant of a family renowned in the annals of Europe for having extended the liberties and civilisation of mankind, by promoting the advancement of art and science, and by steadfastly maintaining amidst the struggles of conflicting parties, the sacred rights of mental freedom and conscience. These virtues, congenial to the spirit and feelings of the British people, and which have impressed an enduring fame on the memory of your ancestors, have been worthily emulated by your Royal Highness — not, indeed, as with them, amid civil strife and warfare, but in accordance with the happily altered circumstances of society. On many of the important subjects that now deeply interest the public mind, your Royal Highness has displayed an earnest and benevolent solicitude to remove existing evil and suffering, and by the general encouragement of industry and genius, to increase the legitimate demand for employment ; and as a. consequence, most satisfactorily to secure a lasting and progressive improvement in the condition of the people. To advance these and kindred purposes of high social value, your Royal Highness proposed that vast design of which the perfect and triumphant development has been realised in the Exhibition of the Industry of all Nations. That this country and the world at large may derive .the benefits contemplated by your Royal Highness, as the result of that glorious experiment, is our sanguine hope and confident expectation ; and we now most respectfully tender to your Rpyal Highness our congratulations on its magnificent success. That your Royal Highness and our beloved Quepn may long live in the mutual enjoyment.of every happiness, a blessing to each other, to your children, and the nation, is our sincere and affectionate prayer. Given under the common seal of our Corporation this 10th of October, 1851." The Royal party then retired from the room, the company breaking into a loud and long cheer as Her Majesty passed. As the Duke of Wellington followed and passed through the door, he was also cheered. Her Majesty returned from the Exchange through Salford by a different route from that by which she came. The departure was by the Albert Bridge ; there a triumphal arch had been erected, which presented the appearance of a massive stone structure, in the most rich and florid period of the Italiau style. It consisted of a centre, circular-headed arch, and two square side entrances. Over the keystone of the arch in each facade was an architectural shield, inclosing an oval medallion, upon which were blazoned on one facade the arms of Manchester, and on the other those of Salford. In the centre of the pediment, in ope facade, was the word "Victoria," and in the other "Albert." The pediment itself was surmounted by the Royal Arms. Over all was a flagstaff, from which floated the Royal Standard. The whole structure was richly ornamented with garlands and festoons of flowers, crowns, lions' heads, vases of flowers, enriched wi h scrolls — all in tbe most highly-decorated style of Italian art. It was also decorated with a profusion of flags and banners. The streets continued crowded with people after her Majesty's departure, most of them moving slowly along the route her Majusty had taken, observing the decorations of the houses — which were, indeed, well worthy of admiration, In St. Anne's Square, close to the Exchange, there was a triumphal arch in two divisions, with floral decorations. From the arches was suspended the device of " Long live our Queen." In In the centre, between the arches, were the Royal shield and crown, with palm branches, surmounted by the Royal Standard and other flags. In the centre of the arches were the Manchester arms and coronet, with flags to each corner. In the evening the whole was to to be illuminated with 4000 lamps. This style of illumination had been adopted in consequence of the im^ mense blaze of light which would fall on both sides of the arches from the illumination at Sir B. Heywood's Bank and ibe Exchange. The illuminations at seme

of the \rareliouses, too, aie to lie very splendid. 1 here was an evening paily at Worsley Jlall to meet Her Majesty.

HIE lILUMINATION AT MANCHTSTFR. The return of the Queen to Manchester by no meat a abitpd the ciowd. The finenessof the weather temptid many to enjoy the excitement of the scene ; and then theivrf was the pleasure of a general illumination, That illumination commenced immediately alter nightfall, and the whole presented a scene of dazzling splendor. Taken as a whole, the Manchester illumination surpassed the London one. Devices were far more general among the middle classes than in London— ihere was scarcely a shop which had not a crow n, or a " V, R." in coloured lamps, or a transparency, while tha principal merchants went to great expense. Between 400 and 500 individuals, firms, public bodies and institutions, had illuminations, most of them in gas, and generally brilliant. The blending of cut glass drops with gas, at the Exchange, and the Town Hall, produced perhaps the most splendid effects. On Friday evening an address from the Dean and Canons of Manchester was presented to her Majesty through Earl Grey. On Saturday a very pleasing spectacle was presented in the grounds of Worsley Hall. The child len of the schools on Lord Ellesmere's estates were invited to meet the Queen, on occasion of presenting an address to her Majeaty, drawn up by the Incumbent. The scholars attended by their teachers, drew up in a semicircle immediately in front of the principal entrance, under the clergj men of their respective parishes. Tho procession was headed by a juvenile band from the Worsley school — little fellows of from 12 to 14 years of age — who discoursed most eloquent music from, their pipes and drums. There were six schools in all, comprising about 1400 children of both sexes. To add to the interest of the scene, the mothers of the children — their fathers were for the most part doing duty aa special constables on the canal bank — were arranged on a terrace immediately behind their little ones, and commanding a full view of the spectacle. After graciously bowing her acknowledgments, the Queen and Royal children retired ; but soon after, the Princess Royal, as if wishing to have a near r view of so many children of her own age, returned witU Lady Ellesmere and walked close up to the line, while the band, already menMoned, played several inspiring airs. The scholars then began to file past. The Earl of Derby who remained till the last file of the procession had passed by, was infinitely amused with tha uncouth bows of the children— salutations which ha appeared to take a pleasure in punctually returning.

THE DEPARTURE, Soon afterwards the Royal party took their leave of Worsley. The station of Patncrol't was crowded by a brilliant assemblage, consisting of the most distinguished citizens of Manchester and its neighbourhood, who, having met her Majesty at various points of her progress, had here assembled to bid her farewell. After an affectionate leave of her noble host, Lord Ellesraera and his family, her Majesty stepped into the Royal carriage, and, amidst the cheers of the crowd, tbe train about 12 o'clock was drawn from the station, and moved rapidly off towards Manchester, and thence to London, safely reaching Watford, where the royal carnages were in w aiting. The Queen took leave of Mr. Carr Glyn, the Chairman, Mr. Huish, tbe Superintendent of the Railway, and entering the royal carriage, was rapidly driven off to Windsor.