EXTRACTS. LORD GOUGH'S VALEDICTORY ADDRESS TO THE ARMY OF THE PUNJAUB.

New Zealander, Volume 5, Issue 367, 20 October 1849, Page 3

EXTRACTS. LORD GOUGHS VALEDICTORY ADDRESS TO THE ARMY OF THE PUNJAUB.

(F/o»t the Bombay Telegraph, August \&.) Head Quarters, Camp, Shahdera, near Lahore, 31st Match, 1849. Thb Commanded-iu -Chief in India announces his farewell and adieu to the army of the Punjaub. The (mops which, since October, have been in arms under his command, are diipeised to their respective cantonments, and on thii, the last occasion of addressing them, Lord Gough desire* to place on rcocrd his sense of the great services and exertions through which the sway of British India has been now extended over the broard plains and clastic rivers and cities of this kingdom. The tide of conquest which heretofore rolled on the Punjaub from the we»t, has at length reached and overcome it fiom the east ; hik! that which Alexander attempted, the British India army has accom- \ plislied. It is with no common pride that the Com-mander-in-Ghief applauds the conduct and the valour which have led to so glorious a result. The favour and approbation of the country and Governnisnt will, without doubt, mark, enduringly the estimate entertained of its desert ; and no time will \ efface fiom the memory of this army, and every true soldier in the field, the high sense of triumph nnd of the glory with which this campaign has terminated. Undismayed by stern opposition, untired by the procrastinations and delays which circumstance! forcibly imposed, or by the great labours and exposure which have been borne so manfully, the army has emerged with a fame and a brightness, only the more marked by the tryiug nature of its previous toils and endurances. The mere battle-day, when every glowing feelingof the soldier and the gentleman is called into action, will ever I be encountered nobly where Bntiah armies are engaged ; but it is in privations, I lie difficulties, and endless toils of war, that the trial of an army consists ; and it is these which denote its metal, and ihow of what material it is formed. Since the day when at Itamnuggur the too hasty ardour snd enthusiasm of the troops first gave signal of the determined character of the war, and of the fierceness with which a mistaken but brave enemy were bent to oppose the progress of out arms, till now, that a crushing and overweluaing victory has proitrated at the feet of our Ruler and his Government, an indepeudant, a proud, and a warlike people ; Lord Gough, relying upon British courage and endurance, has never for one moment entertained a doubt of the result; nor yeilded even to adverse chances and circumstances a lurking fear of the successful issue, which true constancy and firmness never fail to attain. The rule which, despite the signal clemency and considerate mercy of the Government, it has nevertheless been found at length necessary to impose upon the Seikht and their country, has not been thrust upon « defenceless or unresisting people ; their valour, their numbers, their means and perparation, and the desperate energy with which, in error and deceived, the Khalsa and Seikh nation mustered and rallied for the struggle have been conspicuously apparent ; and the army which in virtue of a most persistive constancy, has reduced such a race and such troops to submission and obedience, merits well the highest eulogium which Lord Gough can bestow. The Communder-in.Chief lingers upon the severance of those cies which have bound him to that army, the last which in the field it was his duty and hit pride to command. Long practice and experience of war and its trying vicissitudes, have enabled him to form a just estimate of the conduct and merit of the troops now being dispersed ; and the ardour, vigilance, the endurance, the closing and triumphant bravery and discipline which hdve marked their path in the Punjaub, will often recur to him in the retirement he is about to seek ; and in which the cares, the earnest exertions, and grave anxieties inscperable from the duties of high military command, will be richly recompensed and rewarded by the sense of duty preformed, and the consciousness of unwearied and uncompromising devotion to the Soverign and country, which in common with the British Indian army, it would ever be hit boast and his pride to have so successfully served. To every General, to every individual officer, and soldier, European and Native of the army of Punjaub, Lord Gough finally repeats hit cordial and affectionate farewell. Their persons an i services are engraved in his heart and affections, and to those among them who may hereafter, within the brief span of life yet before him, revisit their native countary, he tenders the unaffected reuewal of that intercourse and friendship which mutual e&teetn and regard, and mutual dangers and exertion, have produced and established Thb Dungeons of the lNaur-moN at Rome. — The Roman correspondent of the Daily News, wilting on the 31st of March, s-iys :—": — " Talking of excavations, I visited this morning the w>r*s going ou u the (subterranean vaults of the holy office, mid wasinot a little

horrified at what I saw with my own eyed, and heia in my own hands. Though I have bten familiar with everything in and about Rome for a quarter of a century, I confeis I never had any curiosity to visit the Inquisition, taking it for granted that everything was carried on there fairly and honeitly, a» I wai led to believe by people worthy in other respects of implicit trust. Besidei, the place itself is out of the beaten track of all strangers, and in a icrt of cul de sac behind St. Peter's, where it naturally retired to perform its bluihing operations, ana «do good by stealth.' I was ■truck with the outward appearance of civilisation and comfort displayed by the building, which owes its erection to Pius V., author of the last creed ; but, on entering, the ieal character of the concern was no longer dissimulated. A range of stronijly.barred prisons formed the ground-floor of a quadrangular court, and these dark and damp receptacles I found were only the preliminary itage of probation, intended for new comer* as yet uninitiated into the Eleusinian mysteries of the establishment. Eutciing a passage to the left, you arrive at a smaller court-yard, whete a triple row of small, barred dungeons uses from the toil upvvaids. somewhat after the outward look of a tluee-decker, • accommodating' about sixty prisonei s. These barred cages have been fully manned, for there is a supplementary row conatructed at the back of ilie quadrangle on the ground-floor, which facos a lnrge garden. AH these cellular contrivances have strong non rings let into the masonry, and in some there is a large stone firmly imbedded In the centre, wifh a similar massivering. Numerous inscriptions, dated centuriei back, are dimly legible on the admission of lighi-, ihe general tenor being assertion of innocence-- * Iddio ci hberi di lingua calumniatrice ' « Io domtnico Gazzoli vissi gui anni 18, ' ' Catumnialores mendaces exterminabuntur* I read another somewhat longer, the drift of which if, • The caprice or wickedness of man can't exclude me from thy church, O Christ, my only hope.' The officer in charge led me down to where the men were digging in the vaults below ; they had cleared a downward flight of stepi, which was choked up with old rnbbish, and had come to a seius ot dungeons under the vaults deeper still, and which immediately brought to my mind the prisons of Ihe Doge under the Bridge of Sighs at Venice, only here thbt there was surpassing horror. I saw embedded in old masonry, unsymmetrically arranged, five skeletons in various recesses, and the clearance had only just begun ; the period of their insertion in this spot must have been more than a century nnd a half. From another vault, full of skulls ami scattered human remains, there wai a shaft about four feet square, ascending perpendicularly to the first-floor of the building, and ending iv a passage off the hall of the chancery, where a trap»door lay between the tribu* nal and i&e way into a suite of rooms destined for one of the officials. The object of this shaft could admit of but one surmise. The ground of the vault was made up of decayed animal matter, a lump of which held, embedded in it a long silken lock of hair, as I found by personal examination 8s it was shovelled up from belowWhy or wherefore, with a large space of vacant ground lying outside the structure, this charnel-house should be contrived under the dwelling, passes my ken. But that is not all : there are two large subterranean limekilns, if I m.iy so call them, shaped like a beehive in masonry, filled with large calcined bones, forming the substratum of two other chambeis on the ground floor in the immediate vicinity of the very mysterious shaft above mentioned. I know not what inteiest you may attach to what looks like a chapter fiom Mrs. lladcliff, but hnd I not the evidence of my own seines, I would never have dteamt of such uppearances in a prison of the holy office j'being thoroughly sick of the non" sense that has for years been put forth ou that tonic by partizan pens. But here ihe thing will become serious, for to-morrovr the whole population of Rome is pub< licly invited by the authorities to come and see with their own ryes one of the results of entrusting powec to clerical hands. Libels on the clergy have been manifold during the last four months, and have done their work among the masses. But mere talk is nothing to the actual view ofrealities. " * Segnius irritant animos denaissa per aures Quam qu« sunt oculis subjecta fidelibuj. ' " Tin Floating Railway.— On Saturday the 28th April, about mid-day, a steam-boat of very unusual form came down the river from Glasgow, as far as opposite our harbours, on a trial trip. Her peculiar appearance attracted much attention. She is the iron floating-bridge intended to ply on the Firth of Tay for the conveyance of the trains of the Ediuburgh and Northern Railway. By the adoption of this ingenious contrivancce, the labour, expencr, and loss of timo which would ariie from unloading and loading carriages and trucks on the margin of the river will be saved. She is 175 feet long, 84 broad, and 10 deep. Her deck has on it lines of rails, and is of course flush and clear from end to end. Both endiare alike,, the steering apparatus is placed on a platform amidships. She is propelled by two engines of 100 horsepower each, the one quite unconnected with the other, and driving only the paddle attached to itself. Sha turned on her own length, one engine going ahead, while the other was backed. In general, however, each end being stem or stern, she will rarely if ever be required to put round. She has two boilers, also quite disconnected, each of which has a funnel, placed almost close to the paddle-boxes, and clcur of thct rails. Sbe has been built and fitted by Mr. Napier at Lancefield, Glasgow, and, on her trial trip, appenrs to have given perfect satisfaction, It is expected she. will be ready for her station in two months.— Greenock Advertiser.