IRELAND. Dublin, April 28.

New Zealander, Volume 5, Issue 357, 20 September 1849, Page 4

IRELAND. Dublin, April 28.

The Cnisis.— The Times correspondent Urns writes : — "The accounts from the southern and western province* continue to be of a most deplorable character. In fiuth, matters are getting ftvm bad to worse. The task of reading the provincial organs, Repeal ant! Tory, has really become painful. They are all in the one stoiy, and sdi to the snire dolorous tune— bankruptcy in the upper and middle classes ; the son 1 ' o r thc gentry squabbling for situations which the luitlers of their propemtois would scarcely deem worthy of ncrppt.ince ; Piofestant clergymen reduced to the most pi inble K^nte of destitution, the landlords beina; i o longer capable of paying the tithe rentcharge; "Roman ("ntho'ie priests shorn of their ' dues, ' and flying to the relief lists, their flocks being either inmates of the poor-house or the grave, or wanderers to other land*, in the hope of Gaining that subsistence which ii denied to them at home. As for the peasantry, it is needless to recapitulate their suffc'iin»s for tb.p last thieo^ears ; they are patent to tlie world. And when to nil this is added the early prospect of (mother d< ficient harves* — for in the west there are already unfavourable symptoms — the picture of Ireland in 1849 is complete, and the sketch feufficiently appalling to -hake the nerves of htatesmen disposed to push the reigning adniiuistia'ion from their stools of office. The journnl> of the two parlies into which Irifeh society is divided hnve each a distinct theory with respect to the causes which have forced on the | inevitable crisis. The Liberal papers, with one accord, cast all the blame on landloidism and inseeiuity of ti nure. The Conseivative oi« t nis fasten on the PcoMaw. and the withdrawal of p otcelion, as the root of the evil; and, with such di B coid'iit opinions, it is no great miracle that the Irish meinbeis can never be brought to agree upon any one course of policy which might be produeiive of benefit to their unfortunate j country." I A correspondent of the Evening Mail communicates the following, amongst a multitude of analogous ca«eF, as illustrative of the progress of desolation : — '' In the once tin iviii£ town of Newcastle, in the county of Li « meriek, during the quarter sessions just eaded, there weie 1 ,200 prisoners to be tried, and it occupied the court but three days to try them all. And why ? Simply because they all pleadsd guilty, in the hope of being detained in prison ; and two who were discharged were the next day accused of ii»r, committed in an nt'empt to bieak into gaol. On his former visits the as«isfant-barrister had comfortable lodgings in the town; on the present occarion the offer of a guinea a-niglit could not procure him a bed, even in a cabin. All, all had lied from a rate exceeding 20s in the pound." A Waterfowl paper thus describes the state of the town of Carrick-on-Suir, a locality n Inch acquired some notoriety during the insurrection of last summer : — " Such is the frightful depiession of trade and business in Carrick-on-Suir, that between 70 and 80 shops have closed in one street only ; they appear at mid-day as if the occupants were in bed—a complete wilderness of shutters ! "

Dubiin, May 2. WholesateEmiguation of Tenant Farmers. — The letter of the Rev. James M> her, parish prirst of Grnigue, Carlow, to the farmers of Carlow and the surrouuding counties, appears in the Dublin Evening Post, in referenre to the es'ablishment of an Irish colony in the United States, a project noticed in my le'ter of yesterday. He refers to rack lents, and "exorbiiant and overwhelming charges on the land," as the main cause of the embarastcd condition of the country. Respecting the projected colony, the Rev. Mr. Maher sayi :-— " Emigration, it is quite clear, is our only resource, The best mode of going out is in large bodies, bunging all the trades and professions, so as to be able at once to lay the foundation of a new town, and commence the cultivation of the Lnd spiiitetlly. Meetings should be held in your seveial localities to take the census of those who are disp-sed to emigrate ; to as. certain the amount of means they are able to bring ; to name a central committee, for the purpose of cotlesponding with the United Stages Emigration Society, and other associations; to consu't the latest uorks published on the state of America. A deputation of persons in whom the country have confidenre should inn mediately proceed to view what are considered the most desirable localities in the States, to ascertain upon what Wins lands may be obtained, their distance fiom markets, the nature of the climate, &c. Funds must he laised by 6mall subscriptions, and lodged in the name of tiustees of the National Bank to defray the expense of the organisation ; but there are other matteri of detail to be arranged in great part by thp central committee. A very large proportion of the farming classes, even those who are considered most opulent, have finally made up their minds but not without a struggle to leave old Ireland. All of the able-bodied labouring populmion, who could lvaeh the shores of the American continent, will) twenty .'•hillings in their porket out;ht to emigrate — there is no hope for them j bthome. Reduced by want and d'spa^e. they are no longer to be considered able-bodied. Their race is neaily extinct. A war of examination, the most cruel and heartless, has been waged against them for years. The people will not be depiived in their exile of the counsels and consolations of religion— fall as many priests as the exigency may demand are prepared to go out with them and share in the mks of expatriation."