THE AUSTRIAN ARMY IN VIENNA. (From the Times, Nov. 4.)

New Zealander, Volume 4, Issue 298, 7 April 1849, Page 4

THE AUSTRIAN ARMY IN VIENNA. (From the Times, Nov. 4.)

The conduct ol Piince Windi*chf?niU in tlic «lisrharge of the momotou 1 ? duties imposed upon him has been loyal to his Sovereign, wise and resolute to his country, nnd humane to the misguided people whose violence he is bound lo rcpn ss, whose crimes he is compelled to punish. Lonp, after an immense foice had been collected under the walls of Vienna, the attack was dfer.ed; and though the rity hum huve yielded »t once to any foreinn m my which occupied similar position*, ti <i blow was still E>usjiMi<)ed by the icluctance of the Imperial (ipncrals to slnlie the very heart of the Knpire, and the insuuents evidently presumed to the Usr on the forhean.iue of their as-.nil.ints. This interval was employed by I'iinrP Wiiidi-cli^r.itz in slrenjjtheuinff his position*, nnd in mldiessing to tho citizens of Vienna proclamations which vie lcniurkable for their good sense and humanity, lie appealed lothcirown sense of jus nee find reason, whcihci it was possible for the Eiuju 101 to extend liib clemency without con'Hions *o the iusti^ilo s s and leaders of a rcbel'ion of unparalleled sindacity, .iiid to the ferocious murdereis of Count Latour.' He required th.it hiibinission to the lawful government of the vo\hn, without which nil authority >s at an nnl, and Uie state of Vienna, abandoned to mid students and a miserable faction of anarchists, would eif* Ion?, be Uie type of the whole empire. Already, by the formal it-cession of the conservative party, with the Bohemian and Moravian meinbiri from the Diet tbnt asbembly h».s been reduced to a *• rump," only exceeding by one or two members the number r.bjolut 'ly required Tor the diipafch of busine^ ; and this wi etched pretence of a National Convention appears not ti I'ont'in a single lender more eminent than Sehusflka, a font th-ratcnovellht, and Borrosch, a radical bool.se!l< rot Prague. Nevertheless the armed Muddils and the Aula, which exercise a sort of revolutionary dietatoiship not unlike that of the Commune tie Paris Hud the sections i» tlie French Revolution of 1 793, have succeeded in i ejecting all terms of submit sion They, inde. d, wrie fighting with halters round ther necks •, many of the boldest German democrats who contributed to kindle the flame already ab>con.led ; hut th' mob leaden stiil piescrved sufficient aii'hority through the tenor they inspired to prevent the town council and the majoiity of the citizen* froua iurrendering. Although the topography of Vienna differs matemlly from that of London, some idea may be conveyed to our readers of the nature of the siege operations by comparing fhe position", of the Imperial army with corresponding pointo in the vicinity of this metropolis. 1 h° centre of tho position under the command of Winihsrhgratz himrclf icsta at Uetzendorf, behind the I'al.icc oi Scho'biuin, which holds a uch the same mlitive position to Vienna as Ilampstead-hill dors to Loidon. Fiimii ilmb point let it be supposed that the left wins; of the army extends by Breilensee and Lerfhenfield, whicb correspond to Uonibcyaud Islington, until it rests upon the river at Poplar, where a flying budge connects it with the opposite bank. Adopting < thp suaio specie* of tovn,\i comparison, we may imagine Tbat thu light wins; of an army drawn up in •lmilar ai iay uffiinsl London would extend from HatnpsUad auoss tlie great western roads, pichsing the city on the i Hide at Kensington and the Vniks, which correspond iv i a nieasuie to the Tiater at Vienna, and reaching to the j river at Chelsen. Such is the position occupied by tlfllachich and the Croatian army, who thus command the miiu road to Hungary ; ftnd the niajn attack which commenced on the morning of the 28th wn« directed against the suburb of tho Lcopoldstadt, separated from ! Viennh by a small bianeh of ti c Danube, which inter* sects the low giound and the i'rater. On the opposite shore or' the mam stream of the Danube coniiderable J foiccs have also been collected, but the city of Vienna { itself lies nt 60me little distance from the principal | tbannel. The outposts of Florisdoif, which has more than once becu mentioned, holds an anilagous position to Deptfoid or Rotbeihithe, and the course of the l-uihva\s (die points of tins compass being inveited in lh" whole plan) lesemhle those of the Dover and Southampton lines. This description must of course be understood mutatis mutandis, as Vienna lies on the light bank of the Danube, and London principally on the left bank of the Thames, and the whole circuit of Vn nna and its subuibs is probably not above oue ihiid of the British metropolis, but it may serve to convey some idea of the position to those who are not familiar with the Austrian capital. The great peculiarity of Vienna, in which it differ* from all tho other oitrs of Europe, i> the prodigious brradth of the glacis, now converted into public walks, which intervenes between the o'd city and the suburbs. Ao these suburbs are entiiely open, the only formidable resistance which can be offered is in the nai row streets of the city itself. We do not, however, anticipate that this sort of warfare can be prolonged. The numerous rumoius which have been spread of a bombaidment have been obviously exaggerated or jiremature. The truth probably u that when the Imperial forces took ur> nny position within range of a foi tilled point they w> re iiicd upon by the msurgcntß, and a few gallic* weic made by tho brnu £ed on the western lines ; but Prince Windischgratz had expressly suspended his attack until the lust period of delay wai exhausted, and when its operations tliJ commence it is highly improbable that they co.r-Ulud in throwing shells into a nty which he came, not to destroy, but to save, t.'unnon weic, indeed, employed to force the exteiiial ba.ncadfs, and the 100-e reports of fugitives immediately convert the cannonade they may have heard on gome particular point into a bombardment of the city itself. Without, however, entering into these particulars, which must, still be obscure and imperfectly Inown, it is evident that the operations have been conducted with great deliberation and skill, and that the army i- animated by u ppnit of fidelity and resolution. Unilci oi dinar y tiicumstniires we should not be disposed to view with unqualifi d Kitisfaction the triumph of militnry power in another of. the gieat capitals of j Kui'ipe, whcic. but a few months ago some hopes bad been e\cilcd of the foundation of a more libeial form of government. But the cause of liberal institutions hf4S ieieived n beaviei blow and a greater disparagement fiom the inCrtpiieitv and extravagance of the German demociats and tlie llune;aiian rebels than the i-innon of Windischg aiz can i! fl'ct. The unfoitunate effict of these btrrors and follies will be to induce a timid people, which linn only c een the effecto of hbeity in turbulence, mm, and bloodshed, to cling to militaiy powet rs the best di fence of society. The republican and rtvoluiionary paity, has everywhere proclaimed open wai ocainst cMbtuig institu'ions and authorities, and ihey no longer afiiet lo compass ti eh ends by pacific agitation or the meißureil struggles of constitutional opposition. The poweri confened Ujotl them bn\ e been abused by their violence or made contemptible by their folly. To compare the resistance of such men as these to the heroic greatness of the Long Parliament of England, or even the ardent patrioti m of the fiist National Assembly of France, is to confound every nation of public lighia and pubic duties. They aie simply the enenies of bocial order, ignorant of eveiy principle af government—men who linve lowered a perverted intellect to ihe vi]e-t pussions of the populace, and who mu>t be subdued by force, lest they should consign the empires and communities of ma age to destruction, mis?"-, and btfbflnsui.