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ESSAY ON SCAB IN SHEEP

xffy'om O' Correipondent of the Launcef t on ; Examiner . ) " Among the diieaies of the ikih in ibeep icab stand* ;fir«t in place, both in frequency. of occurrence, and iojury to the wool, fleih, and general constitution of the ;animal.' . The «ame\di»ettie, or one rery similar, hat *<been known tot cbanjr centuries^ back. U^a^iUmeii dif- • Iforiiu'lin '/different teSioni md 'in •' different animator M'the re are •e^ral JJt|ndftlo(Ui.l2i2 J Jt|ndftIo(Ui.l2i2j II T , / &-i The ictb in iheep, ii much like, the mtngeli^btber., •nimtU4liii<'ip'>na<wt 'in .the^in^nthi^qft May, ' Jant, and "July, and early part of the ipring. ,It may ' be qccaaioned by a great J ', number of c«usei, ; auch as icantyspaiture, iniimanagement, . over dtiTing, keepinc ihee'^ loiog •in y»rdi, dof giflf , ,Sicy, Ikb'., and ex* • pbiuw- »(terwird|. to wetland , cold "weather. Sheep hatii^ tW^cab % are Very uneiiy and reitlesi^jicratdhittjf ' > tiMjpcuwlf.es -^ith ;,t 1^ eir t fee k f ,&c . , and nibbing and tearing offthcitvwooliifitb their jteetb, ?.or lubbingthemielvet . •gainit anypj-ojecting place. When minutely^exabineil •t . firitgtho.ikin>will be ,found r rough, and diicploured ; and in a few dayi aftemardi thwe will'be aaMtemire eruption, and numeroni pmtulei which; wheh;b'roken and ma together, will form a emit or i cab; under which there ii> lore if .the cruitji remoTed. The ahpuldera and back inqit commonly first exhibit theie puitulei. The ccntom ary health of the iheep ii affected according to the extent or tirulenceof the^diieaie } •ometimei it loiei condition'and pinei away fromT'contiriual irritation and..fa^eHhc. ,It i* a rery contagious diseaie: if it once ge^hito a flock the lock>mKifer may.depend upon it tbat^luithe affected ■heepii immediately removed thewhol^ of tKe'flockVill. become infected, and the lon will be Teryconiiderable. 1 -- According to my experien^ceithe jcabieeny to ipread ampng.the' ihe'ep not «o mucK by rubbing agaiiiit one another a» by rubbing "agiini|^wfectedjplacei ; for I haT^eehrit happeh,wKeri iheep firmeri bare got'rid of a icabby.rflock and covered, their | tuna. with a new one, that the diiease has brbk(Sn';:quV again, and ,hai been ,ai troubleiqmejmd ir|irutent>as before; and thiihsi ariieii from the Tun notf h|Ting beeniong enough depiitured, or rubbing* pl#cei|,not hiTJDg becu rimorcd or painted, vlut a'l ii^

"it not t physiological enquiry that is required I refrain ■from making any more remarks^n the nature of the disease, that being already known to all fiock-masters ; nor frill I .hazard an, opinion on. the prevention, of soab (havingno 1 practical' experience in thiicbnntfjr regard- ! log it) farther than stating the universal 'impression in! districts where sheep are free from scab, , which is, to! keep the sheep when once cleaned from coming in cori-j tact with-any infected sheep* or allowing the sheep to depasture 1 where infected sheep 'hate lately "been: I' , know of no .other preventatiTeV^' ' " ' ! As I have already adverted , to .the s necessity of the ; ground being free from infection for the' prevention of i the disease, it must be held as preliminary to the pro- j cess of ouringtthe disease to have dean ground to turn 1 the sheep upon when dressed ; and it [occurs to^nc that such an essential requirement Vilj be ( att<«nded with very much difficult, and in some cases' be almost impossible in Van Ditma'n's Land, from the circumstance of most the sheep-f aririi' beings fully atocktd, analtherej being little or no dean ground to turn the, sheep. upon] wlien dressed. In the case, however, of thoie, who i have summer 4 runs, that is, those who remove their] sheep to (he Lakes or other rented crown lands, these parties may very well accomplish the cure by entering' upon , the dressing of the sheep immediately after shear ng them, and seuding> them diicctly away to the ground that has not been stocked duringfthe | winter months. In this again a difficulty presents] itself; for "'unless the system of curing were almost universally adopted, and every flock* matter entered) eagerly ,into the necessity of getting rid^of thVdhease^ whit wsuW 'be the use "of ; a Tevr' making, the attempt ?J(? J( Fqrfhflwjtver, well they, may succeed/jh, r .cleanhigttKejr. own flocks, tht disease would inevitably return upon ' the sheep coming in ! contact with any^neighbouring sheep that w;erejd.sease'd«; )t And I.believe^and iii'my^ experience have seen— that sheep will, catch f the infe,c-. tion from : travelling , over ground where scabby sheep,, had been depasturing ; indeed, , so. fully is, this opinion entertained at Port Phillip,, &c.,-thHt,U.has, caused the Government to pass an Actt heavy, penalties ; for driving sheep .infected by scab ; frora which 'may ' be inferred the." difficulty that presents itself unless tht , system of curing the disease t were universally Adopted. I may add another opposing circumstance ;in most cases the estates in Van Diemen's Land have noijfcnces iuffioiently good to prevent ths ingrVsVor egress from the accustomed ivins, hence the danger from neighbouring sheepdog infected. l It now remains for. me to point out the different modes of cure in general practice.— Thewashes sre'generally^n.fuiions of tobac^, hplle; bbre, French fox-glove,, artenic, and corrosive sublimate, with many other applications, such astulpbur, turpentine, Ice. When the disease is notVar advanced, an infusion of tobacco to six oj:, seven gallons of water < or- urine, witk a few yqung .shoots of broom added is very useful, and' I have ,«een|Ts good jffect~i£curing the scab. Another 'and J more effectual lmetfiod is the application of a mercurial ointment. The iointment should be -made ' of two degree's of strength, tdat for bad cases should .consist of common mercurial ointment, rubbed down with three times its weight of- lard. The other, for ordinary cases, should contain five parts" of lard to one of mercurial ointment.' , A jihred or furrow should be made from the head to the tail, and in' such a manner that the skin is exposed^ a'little of the ointment should then be applied^ with the finger, to the skin, along the whole of the exposed, surface*, : and so on about four inches apart, , and welj rubbed, in. The quantity of ointment applied to each' iheep may vary from a few drachms to two ounces^/dne-thirdof the quaptity being used for ;i lamb.) Another cur| for to six 'gallons of tobacco s water. > -To^diss6lve tnelar-^ senici put . into a pan a little water with, sixjqunces of sdapj let the" water boil' until the soap' is" disibived, then, add four ounce's of arsenic, let it boil for 15 (r 20 minutes, then put it into six gallons of. tobacco water. The- Port 'Phillip cure for scab, is as; follows :. It is necessary, to have the L iheep'Tery closely shorn, so v ttat the person who scarifies^ jn ay easily discover any, infected spot. The Bhee'p"aftsr being, shorn are ; laid on actable and minuteiyjexamined^Vvery^sp^rWTrJ^ disease is visible,^ i« of course' icarjfied.- 1 .maylheto state thtt the scarifying is per/ormed either by a knife or scarifier' (the' latter is' generally made from, a piece of ,an old iron sl»w, -about 2\ or 3 inches square, with 'teeth cut •on the two sides of it, and is preferable to the knife,- a»- the most skilful operator will occasional I j cut too deep from any suddenlmoVtment of the sheep when using .the, knife, hut which-will-ieldomjjccur .when- using the scarifier). It is necessary even when 'there is no appearance of the disease to warify the sheep from' head to tail, on the shoulders •nd*iiaei, _asi well ai otfthebreait, and slightly; between _the thighs, alter which, the "sheep are T put into a large t tub, or asis frequently used, a' bullock hide containing the prepared liquod, and there remain for a short, tipe,, care ibeing taken that every part,of the sheep; be irameried. sThe sheop is then laid upon a table, ,wbich should. stand at such an angle as to allow of the liquor;from)the sheep running into, the dipping tub. ,Th«?peaon who operates as scarifier, ; then ; brushes4he sheep over wiih a good hard scrubbing.bruih,which;is preferable to using the hands. The sheep are then . put under* do ver, and kept there until the next .morning* .The^^eep should then at once be driven to a a clean run ; pometinieii the sheep undergo a Second . 'dipping,^whichi4 f m a or^ina^/^ casea complete the cure. ' SuchU^the' process in privc.i^ tice at Port Phillip, and it now onjyjemain^fortniejb; I state the different receipts' in "general t use there^all.of . • which will proauce the desired eflec^j, if judiciously administered. ..,. „ ,' v - ",,.jr-/ ,IV-"' "V^t !> . A verj general appica'ion is, one onncelof.poros|ve., •sublimate to a. gallon of, water. .^The^ corosife subli-' i •mate is easily disablved in about double its quantity of gait : but many of the sheep V>ll die 'rom this ciire^ The next in general use.is, one rounce "of farieijic to every gallon of water; it is a powerfulicure and'heldJin high esteem in' the Sydn,ey^district.u Tbiscure will also be attended with many deaths.. iThelattwhicu I shall notice is the most approved ;. the ingredients are ritrol, blue stone, arid strong tobacco *,i very few deaths 'occur from' this cure. The same treatment oj^the sheep' is applicable to all the different receipt i.^Jimayconi 'dude' with : stating my conviction,} that I unlessiericing of a very perfect adopted,' and' an Act of the Legislature passed,, similar to 1 what regulates other colonies,, the extirpation oft the disease will be almost imposVible —Nov; 20,i19i7fr- -

Permanent link to this item
Hononga pūmau ki tēnei tūemi

https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZ18471229.2.7.2

Bibliographic details
Ngā taipitopito pukapuka

New Zealander, Volume 3, Issue 165, 29 December 1847, Page 3

Word count
Tapeke kupu
1,523

ESSAY ON SCAB IN SHEEP New Zealander, Volume 3, Issue 165, 29 December 1847, Page 3

ESSAY ON SCAB IN SHEEP New Zealander, Volume 3, Issue 165, 29 December 1847, Page 3

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