The New-Zealander. SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1847.

New Zealander, Volume 2, Issue 98, 17 April 1847, Page 2

The New-Zealander. SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1847.

Be just and fear not: Let all the ends thou aims't at, be thy Country's. Thy God's, arid Truth's.

THE PROBABILITY THAT MORE THAN A FAIR SHARE OP THE APPROACHING EMIGRATION PROM ENGLAND WILL BE DIRECTED TO NEW-ZE ALAND.

Several years of disappointment, .confusion, and even danger, in New Zealand, have at

length been succeeded by a season of rest. Peace and order now reign in every part of the colony, the security of Jife and property is perfect, aud, what is of vast importance, the settlers are universally convinced, that the foundations of these primary and inestimable blessings are deeply laid, and not likely to be again seriously disturbed by any causes within the reach of human foresight. New regulations are about to be instituted, under which the waste lauds of the crown, or lands the property of the natives, will be hereafter sold, demised, or grauted for occupation under license, and, though the settlers are at present ignorant of the details of these regulations, yet they look upon the circumstance of the management of them having been committed to Captain Grey, as a guarantee for their equity and ?asy working. The country is being in every Jirection opened by roads, and means for securing the importation of stock with safety and dispatch, will soon be in operation. The v&ry misfortunes of the colony, too, have supplied ihe settlers with capital, for carrying on the work of colonization with profit to themselves. lii a word, every impediment which, by mismanagement or chance, has been hitherto thrown in the way of real colonization, has been effectually removed, and, in a very short time, the stage will be perfectly clear and ready for the actors. In the meau time, the settlers, naturally enough, speculate upon the subject of emigration. The unavoidable prevalence of land jobbing to some extent or other in a young colonyj; the boundless field of speculation and enterprize which it presents, and the changes and chances to which the views and fortunes of the settlers are liable, render the alienation of land in it, whether unoccupied, or occupied and improved, a matter of infinitely more frequent occurrence in proportion to its population, than it is in countiies long settled. A steady and constant increase in the average value of land in a given locality, is the only thing, which, under such circumstances, can support the interests of the settlers, and this increase in the value of hind cannot exist without a proportionate increase in the demand for it. .Reason and experience equjlly shew, that, even in a colony considerably grown, the natural increase ot population and wealth will not supply the necessary addition to (he demand for land. But, in the case of a young colony, a mere glance at the sulject will satisfy any person of ordinary intelligence, that the necessary addition to the demand for land must be almost wholly supplied from external sources. The history of colonization, the blaze of light lately thrown upon the real nature of. colonial life, and the advantages of colonies to the parent states, the present condition of the labouring classes in the United Kingdom, and the dangerous action of that condition upon the social and political fabric, fender it morally , certain, that an imperial enactment, for 1 promoting the emigration of those persons who have an inclination to go to the colonies, without the means of gratifying it, will soon be in operation. Besides the unparallelled advan* tages and resources of New Zealand as a colony, other circumstances tend to show, that she may reasonably expect more than a fair share of these emigrants. New Zealand is the youngest of Her Majesty's colonies, and a new colony, not only presents the widest and fairest field for enterprize, but, in several other respects, possesses charms calculated to excite even the coldest imagination. The government at home can not, indeed, immediately and directly determine the colony to which emigrants of this class will bo sent, but they may exercise influence in this matter, of an indirect kind, to an extent that will be easily understood by those who care to think of it. Now, upon the accusation of the New Zealand Company, the imperial government has been convicted in the face- of the world, of injustice to this colony and inattention to its interests, and, it must be confessed, that it seems to have determined upon the earnest pursuit of that line of conduct towards New Zealand, which alone can clear it from the ignominy of- the conviction. Life and property have been already rendered as secure in every part of this country as they are in London. At this moment, a body of pensioners are probably on their way to this district, and, it would seem, that the utmost care has been taken in the selection of the men and of their super in- - tendants. Similar bodies will be sent out at proper intervals, and, as physical efficiency and good character are mdda indispensable qualifications for this species of preferment, tnere can be no doubt that these men will make excellent settlers. All other circum. stances being supposed to be equal, married men, and particularly those having families, are to be preferred, — a matter of first-rate importance to the colony. These measures plainly proclaim the intentions of the imperial government towards us, and abundantly prove " that, whenever the emigration of the working classes is systematically carried on, we shall not be forgotten. Nor must the labouring classes, or the pen. sioners, be foolishly undervalued as emigrants on account of their poverty. Labour is the source-of all real wealth, and, whatever these men produce, over and above what is sufficient for their own maintenance, is added to the wealth of the Colony. They are themselves capital aud the producers of capital, capital fohows in their train, and, wi.hout them, q*«

pital would be wasted upon extravagant wages. In truth, tor these nnd many other reasons, upon which it is unnecessary to^ dwell, poor emigrants form the very heart's blood of a colony. To the land-jobber, indeed, they are pigeons without plumage. But, in ft colony, these men soon fall in with the simple and straightforward method of acquiring feathers, and, at the same time, learn the art of making them grow firmly upon their bodies. As to the emigration from England of persons belonging to ranks above the labouring classes, there are distinct grounds for believing, that, in time to come, it will be carried on upon a far larger scale than it has hitherto been, and that New Zealand must, for many years, have more than a fair share of it. Every profession, occupation, and culling, above that of the artizan or In bonier is overstocked. Thousands in the United Kingdom arc being continually squeezed out of their places by the pressure of competition. Many, after Having long maintained their giound, are at length compelled to give way, in consequence of their inability to carry on, with the deadweight of a family, an unequal conflict with their rivals. Many, from a variety of causes, are overthrown on the road to the field of battle, before they even come up with the combatants. The penalties imposed by prudence upon matrimony, are, in the great majority of cases, so extremely severe, as to amount almost to an absolute prohibition. But, nothing shoit of a successful invocation of the muses could enable one to enumerate the causes by which persons arc being continually pushed out of their places at home. To all these, the alternative is proposed, of a continual loss of caste, or emigration. The latter course is generally dictated by pride, which, if not consonant to the strict rules or reason, must be looked upon as more than excusable, at least by those who consider how intimately concerned it is in the peopling of new countries. The motives to that species of emigration upon which we have been just observing, liave long reached their extreme limits, and effects corresponding to them may soon be expected, not only on account of the perfect knowledge of the real nature of colonial life, which is now diffused through all classes at home, but very much also through the influence of another circumstance which we have yet to remark upon. Christianity, though introduced into the world by miracles, would, in the absence of other means of propagation, have disappeared soon after the disappearance of the causes by which it was lit fiist established. It was continued by the institution of a visible church, of which the Divine Founder was the head. The branches of the church propagated themselves by all those means, by which societies under the influence of virtue, and otherwise situated and circumstanced as they were, naturally and essentially tend to acquire real power, at the expense of societies wholly or partially under the influence of contrary principles. By all these means, the numerical strength of the new religion became so great, that the emperors, alter many vigorous but unsuccessful attempts to crush it, were con pilled first to respect, then to court, and finally almost to incorporate it with the state. The subsequent propagation of true religion over the then civilized world requires no explanation. Still, a vast majority of the human family was without the pale of the church. The Divine command — " Go ye, and t;ach all nations," was still ringing in the ears of the zealous portion of the clergy. The religion itself was distinguished from all others propounded to the world, not only by its having been the only one proposed for belief upon miraculous pretensions, but also by its being the only one that ever boldly and nakedly proclaimed the natural equality of men. In its whole structure, too,and in itsevery even the minutest precept,it was adapted not to the men of any particular age or clime merely, but to men whenever and wherever exiiting. Under these circumstances, it is not to be wondered at, that, even in the worst limes, and under many disadvantages of a most discouraging nature, attempts should be continually imde to propagate Christianity by individual preaching. Miraculous powers, however, ceased in the church soon after ite institution, and, it was, of course, absolutely impossible, by the mere force of individual and desultory preaching, to create, in such countries for instance as Hiodostan and China, branches of the church, capable of propagating themselves, or even of resisting the surrounding influences. The transplanting of Christian societies into heathen countries was either impossible in these days, or wholly unsuited to the political or social phasis of the times. Heroic zeal, accordingly, not unfrequently sealed by martyrdom, being unsupported by miraculous power, and unacompanied by living branches of the visible church, only produced effects, as transient und fugitive, as shadows flying over fields of corn. The work of colonization has now been going on for more than four centuries, and yet, it is only in comparatively modern times —only since the wonderful improvements in the means of communication between distant countries have chained their attention to the subject, that full light has broken in upon the minds of Christians generally, a» to the all

along appointed connexion between colonization and the propagation of their religion. The command of the founder— "Go ye, and ,teach nil nations, " I*9 now, in an eminent degree, in force. The means of obeying it are in the hands of the church, that that nothing m ght be wanting for the accomplishment i f the grand object, almost the whole business of colonization has fallen into the hands of one nation, a circumstance of the greatest importance to concentration of purpose and unity of action. Within the last few years, too, symptoms of a partial re-union of the different Christian sects, f'>r the purpose, amongst other things, of promoting objecis common to them all, and of carrying out the designs and commands of their common Master, have presented themselves not without some appearance of stability. At this moment, the whole ecclesiastical force of Great Britain and Ireland, is actively engaged in the promotion of measures for the propagation of Christianity amongst the aboriginal inhabitants of the colonies, not only by direct action upon themselves, but by training the Chiistian societies placed among them in such a manner as to make them, in the way of example and otherwise, instrumental in the accomplishment of the same object. Hencefoilh, then, the emigration fyom England of capitalists and respectable families, must necessarily take place on a far larger scale than it has hitherto No inducement to emigrate acts with so much power upon these classes, as the certainty, that the religious training of the society into which they ate ah >ut to enter is zealously and efficiently Giipcrinlended. A sincere and active pri< ithood, so long a desideratum in the colonies, is a blessing, which, cren now, they all enjoy to a great extent. But, on account of tlio singular state of the native question in New Zealand, it is in this colony that the banners of the church luve been moat thickly planted, and Auckland must always be the head- quarters of the ecclesiastical establishments of New Zealand — a circumstance of incalculable impoi tance to this district. Those who are familiar with the history of other colonies, and the hardship and anxiety endured by the respectable settlers in them, through the want of proper seminaries for the education of their children, will be easily able to estimate the importance of St. John's College to the colony generally, and the influence which it must always exercise upon the fortunes of Auckland in particular.

Publicans' Licenses.— A Meeting of the Magistrates for granting Licenses to Publicans, for the year ensuing, will be held on Tuesday next, 20th 111 st. In addition to the seventeen individuals already holding licenses, we obieive on the list of notices the names of nine new applicants, as follows : — Patrick Donovan r Short-lnitd-street, Shamrock, Hose, and Thistle ; Dan iel Donohnc, Queen-street, Union Inn; James Grimley, West Queen-street, Gibraltar Rock ; Henry H.iyie, ITpsnm, Spread Eajle; James Johnson, Short land -street, Commercial Inn; Thomas John- I son, Parnell, Windsor Castle; Caroline Kiik, Queeii-stioet, Yoitiuj May Moon ; Samuel Mulling, Parnell, Shamrock Cottarje; James Palmer, Eden -crescent, Crispin Arms. New Zealand Ropu. — We feel happy in being able to diiect the attention of our readers to a letter, in our columns, from Capt. Darby, of the Louisa Campbell, bearing testimony to -the durability and excellence of Auckland Hope manufactured by our townsman, Mr. Robertson, from New Zealand Flax. The experiments, made by a gentleman in every way competent to judge,, having proved so much in favor of the Flax of this country, must afford additional encouragement to the Colonists to look forward to another most valuable export ; and we only want the natives set to work to procure this. The flax, as is abundantly proved by the present, as well as former testimonies, cannot be surpassed for the manufacture of ropes and cordage ; and the specimens of beautiful cloth, which have been manufactured from it in England, and imported here, arc sufficient to convinco any one that fabrics of the finest and most delicate texture may be produced from it also. Let the Government, and all who have the least influence with the Natives, urge them to exert themselves in the collection and preparation of the flax. They cannot overstock the market, for every ship that departs for Unglaud will gladly carry it away; and the American home-bound vessels prefer our flax to gum or bark, for their market. Capt. Darby deseives the thanks of the colonists for the interest he has taken, during his absence, in the welfare of New Zealand. Cattle Sale. — The Cattle which arrived per Lord Hobart, are to be sold by Messrs. Council and Ridings, on Thursday next. We understand they are in excellent condition. Arrival of the "John Wesley."— This bcauti . ful brig, built for the Wesleyan Missions in these seas, arrived in our harbour on Sunday morning last. She sailed from Southampton on the 21st November, arrived at Sydney on the 18th Mnrch, and sniled for this port on the 28th ult. She is commanded by Captain liuok, formerly of the schooner Triton. Eight Missionaries arrived by her at Sydney, two of whom, the llev. Messrs. Harris and Adams, have remained there, nnd the others hvve come in her to this port before proceeding to their several destinations. She is fitted up with every nccoinodation ; and her bows are ornamented with a finely carved bust of the venerable man whose name she bears. Wo copy the following from the London fVatchman, as it relates to the gentlemen who have arrived in this vessel :— Yeslcrduy week, a Valedictory and Ordination Service, took place nt the Centenary-Hall and Mis-sion-House. On this occasion sixteen Missionary labourors, together with (he wives and children of several of them, were present on the platform, and were solemnly commended to the divine care. Three of the Mibsionunes arc for the island of Ceylon, three

for Western Africa, two for the West Indies, one fur New South Wales, to sail by the John Wesley, with •even others, one for New Zealand, two for the Fecjees, and two for the Friendly Islauds, together with a Missionary Printer, and a Missionary Teacher, who has been trained at Glasgow for this special ierviee. Nine of the abovementioned jounff men were set a|>nrt by the imposition ol haiuU, for the work of the ministry, a 9 piobalioncrsi namely, Mr. Robinson, for Ceylon \ Messrs. Harrop, Hillard, and Thomas, for Western Africa ; Mr. M'Bryon, for the West In • dies ; Mr. Kirk, (or New Zealand ; Mr. Daniel, for the Friendly Islands ; and Messrs. Fonl and Malvern, forthcFeejcc Islands The service was commenced by Mr. Alder, Mr. Hoole introduced the Missionaries, and the venerable President of the Conference proceeded to ordaio the candidates by prayer and the imposition of hands In this solemnity he was assisted by (lie senior Ministers present; among whom was the Rev. Thomas Harris, the father of Mr. Harris, the Missionary appointed to New South Wales The occasion was one of deep interest, and not soon to be forgotten. The devotional spirit of the large congregation was rcmaikublc} and the statements of the Missionaries, and the address anil charge of the President, were very impressive. — Watchman, Nov. 18. Tea Mchtino. — A Public Tea Meeting, in connexion with the Wesleyan Church of tin's place, will be held on Monday evening next, at the Mechanics' Institute. This meeting, we have no doubt, will be rendered more than usually attractive by the presence of so many young Missionary I.iboureis, who have arrived by the John Wesley.