FRANCE.

New Zealander, Volume 1, Issue 11, 16 August 1845, Page 1

FRANCE.

The expose of the budget of 1 546, which has been laid before the Chamber of Deputies, is a valuable document, as showing the actual state of the infernal administration of France. The budget of 1546 amounts to 1,421,702,963 francs, and shows an excess of receipts over the estimated expenditure of 3,519, 446 francs, although the expenditure of 1846, is estimated to exceed that of 1843 by 1,733,355 francs. The expenditure for ordinary services, such as the interest of the national debt, the expences of the Ro>al Family, the administration of the Army, Navy, Custom house establishments, &c, amounts to 1,302,508,356 francs ; while the expenditure for ordinary works, such as canals, lai [roads, &c, 119,201,517 francs. In 1846 the whole of the taxes, both direct and indirect, will be continued, even to the postage tax, in which it is now said there will be no change. The budget is divided into as many depaitments as there are Ministers of the Grown. The department of Justice amounts to nearly 20,000,000 f., and the department of Public Worship to nearly 35,000,000 f., of which 1,233,050 f. are devoted to the support of the Protestant Chinch, and 110,400 f. to thai of the Jewish religion. The expense of the depat tment of Public Instruction is 17,218,233 1".; that of the department of thelnterior 107,393,914 ; of the department of Agriculture and Commerce, 14,101,770 t\; and of Public Works, 146,045,417 f In the last department is included the making and maintenance of roads, canals, harbours, the police on railways, the public buildings not within the War department, lighthouses, &c. j The war department is by far the most expensive of all jit amounts to 329,733, 253 f.j equal to £13,1*9,330; of which 227,147,756 f. are foi the service of the inteiior; 74,56 C 527 for Algeria, and 28,000,000 for extraordinary works. The The budget of 1846 is higher than that of IS4S by 2,637,409f. It is calculated upon the basis of maintaining 344,000 men, and 83,410 horses, of whom 284,000 men and 69,520 horses aie foi the inteiior of France, and 60,000 men with 13,896 horses for Algeiia. The budget for the 1 Mdiine department amounts to 110,828,440f. for theoidinaiy service; and 4,740, 000f. for extraordinary services ; which is an increase upon the previous ) ear by 4,054,614f. The corps of Officers of the Navy, ateas follows, — Two Admirals, ten vice Admirals, twenty re«v Admirals, 100 Cdplains of ships, 200 Captains of corvettes 600 Lieutenants, 500 Ensigns, and 300 midshipmen, — total 1,732 officeis. Besides this, theie is the Marine Artillery, which is composed of 154 officers and 3284 subaltern oificeis and canoniere, and the Marine infantry which consists of three regimentsof three battalions each, amounting in all to 523 officers, and 15,400 subalterns and soldiers; the Marine Gensdarinetie amounting to 17 officers and 2SO subalterns and gensrtarmes. The puichase of mat euals., such as wood, metal, flax, sails, pitch, firing, &c. amounts to 21,525,005f. The following is the number oi ships which Mill be in commission de mer iis 1846 : — hight ships of war, twelve frigates, tv\ o corvettes, (torn twenty to thitty gui.s, one coi - vette aviso, eleven brigs of twenty guns, 14 brigs aviso, eight gun biigs, twelve galleotles or cutters, of eight and six gnns, ten smaller vessels, twenty transports of different sizes, and sixh two steamers. The whole of this force will be at sea, and will be manned with 1,6-19 officeis and 21,120 seamen. But besides this, there will be four ships of war, four frigates, ?iml loin sloops of wai, in what is called commission de rude, that is to say, fully equipped for &ea, v iili the exception of not having their crews on board, and Jour ships of war, four frigates, 'wo cor voltes, two transports, -and eight steameis, en commission de port.

Home-made Sugar. — It may not be gene rally known, tliat a small but steadily increasing quantity of sugar is made in tins counti y, from the farina of potatoes and othevsimilar substances. By a recent parliamentary return we find, Unit in 1811, upviaidt-of 2,'<sS cvvts. weie made and charged w ith dut) ; in 1842, more than 3,478 c\\ ts ; and in 1543, 3,84.3 cvrts. 3 qis Tliese amounts paid an excise duty respective!} of £2 971 £4,382, and £4.823 ; and the m-coun"-ant-general adds a note, to the effect that the sugar was principally manufactured from potaos farina, bin sago, Indian wheat, and barley hate been used 1o a very limited extent: the sugar made theiefroni, however, could not be stated, as no sepaiate account was taken at the time ol charging the duty.

Spain. — The interest of the Spanish news still centres in the sequel of Zurbano's revolt, The last positively known of that leader is, that on the night; of November the 20th,, Zurbano and a party of horsemen tried to penetrate the village ot Mazanares, hut were repulsed by the fire of the inhabilauis. From that time he had been lost to view. His eldest sou fled to France, and .crowed the frontier on the 27th. Zurbano's younger son Bcnito, his brother-in-law, Juan Martinez, and one of bis scivants were found concealed jn a vineyard, unarmed, and taken. Bsnito was twenty-ei°ht years of age, a Major in tha army and much liked. So strong was the feelings in. the province against shooting the young man without trial, according- to the standing orders, that Geneva! Onbe, the Commander of the troops at Burgos, hesitated, and sent to Madrid to ask for instructions. The inhabitants of Logrono, of all shades of opinion, took advantage of the delay to send a deputation to Madrid, to ask for mercy at the foot of the Throne. The deputation consisted of the Mayor and some of the principal inhabitants of the place; 1,0 whom were joined the mother and wife of the young man. On their arrival at Madrid, the deputation had an opportunity of seemg 1 the two Queens as they left the palace. The two wonitneu went down upon their knees; in an agony ot grief, one of them fell senseless at the feet of Queen Isabella, and was removed by the attendants. The scene was so sad as to have even affected the heartof Queen Christina, who is »aid to have wept. The young Queen, however, received the petition coklly, and merely said that she would lay it before the ccuucil of Ministers. That very day, ordeis were sent oif that yonng Zurbano and his companions should be at once slwt; and they were shot, without trial on the 25th. It is said that Juan Martinez a man who had held aloof from parties, had been sent by Reuito, Zurbano's young wife to her husband in the endeavour to withdraw him from his dangerous enterprise; and this was the sole reason why the uncle had joined his nephew. The same courier who carried the order for execution also carried the dismissal of Orrbe from theeommand af Burgos, because he did not shout them before, according to liis instructions : and for tlut offence he was to be brought before a court martial.