English Extracts. STATE OF IRELAND.

New Zealander, Volume 1, Issue 2, 14 June 1845, Page 4

English Extracts. STATE OF IRELAND.

Notu ithstanding all that O'Cunnell ran do to Keep up the Repeal agitation, Ireland is fast settling <lo\\ n into a eompatative political Han<|iiilit\, — whsch the consent of the Roman Catholic Bishops to the chaiitable 6eque«ts Hill, .iml the inteiest taken hv the Irish country gentlemen of all shades of opinion in the existing idilwav speculations, sufficiently prove. A curlent has set in, which will act as a soothing power upon the troubled minds ol the people, uho will soon be lar too deeply immersed in schemes, and projects of practical utility, to care lor barren agitations for organic changes. A lemaikaMe indication of this growing feeling is seen in the Iriendly union of anti-repealeis in thelnsh deputations which visit the Government on the subject of th •»*•»• hush railways. liver) political • 1 Here nee seems drowned in the one giand object of improving their own property, the condition of the people, and the resources of the counli). The friend!) reception which the\ .ne said to have met with from the Premier, and the co dial inteiest which he took in the fur!lterance of their views, mtiit have had no slight etlect in leiuoviug fioni their minds many of those ptejudii'ies and antipathies which have hitheilo iille'd them. Many a member of the Irish rail io.ul deputations, will return to his native country w it!) an improved temper, anil a more Kindl\ disposition ton m ds the people and the Wovernmeiil of England In fo.'t. there is genetalh a greater degieeof hosttiit) between rival parties contending for a line, than between themselves and the government — so much so, that u i.- lepoited it was often necessary to separate the rivals, and to grant no official intei view to one until the other was out of sight, for fear of their coming to actual blows. The couise of railway speculation shows that a vist influx of British capital into Ireland will take place in the course of next) ear. No doubt it will have its emollient effects Meanwhile, it is not right in the Government to trust everything to the efforts of private enterprise It has a pul lie duty to perform, for which the present ifire chance affords a favourable opportunity. White lielaud is manifestl) leeliug the soothing effects of employment, a good harvest, and the creation of the gre.it lines of railways, loth in Not ih and South Wales, and in her own interim 1 «iis licis, it behoves the government to bethink themselves of their land commission, and to announce In the Irish people the nature of the gooij which they have in store for them. Nothin" has happened since the termination of the fa^t session to prove that the settlement ol the landlord and tenant question is at all less |)iessin<_r than it wjis. On the contrary, the horii.l muideis which have leeently taken place in \ limns ci.untigs show that the dreadful s> stem of oppression ~uuot levenge is still activel) at woil,, ,md that no lessons will teach eilhet ineic) or consideration, to the one class, or passive endurance to t.ie other. The land is the only means of living to the bulk of the Irish people They must have it or die. The exercim-* of any right of property, oilier than those winch present custom recognizes, when it invo v.j-, the death of human beings, becomes veiy doubtful under existing citcumstances. True, the ejecting landlord may prove direct benefit to himself, and le.nole and indirect benefit to his *»erfs, b) his improvements and ejectments ; he in i\ liken l-e plead the custom in other paitsof the kingdom, and his general legal lights; but liieaiiswerto tin's, is, the circumstances of li eland are peculiar; >on destroy a generation upon the plea, of he.ieliting posterity You are forbidden h\ the moral law, if not by the statute law, to "do evil i,, at j.ood may come" For our part, when we look upon these barbarous and senseless minder*, this destruction of the innocent instruments of another's good will, by the blind infuriated peasantry, goaded on by despair and famine, and bound by a ruthless indiscriminating oath of obedience, — we are forced to come to the conclusion that the guilt and responsibility rests in tl»e din, upon the legislature, which sanctions such a s\slem of laws, and not upon the ignorant m letches, who deal out their wild revenge. Tn attack in detail, — to plant hoi se and foot in the disturbed districts,- to invoke the terrors of the hangman and the gaol,— to proclaim martial law, and to pass an insurrection act, may repress crime and miser) for a time, but nothing short of fkitv of tenuie, will eradicate it entirely. Ag mi - ye sa> , S-i'itv popiili lee supremu. The- effective military force, in Ireland, including tlie Rojal Horse and Foot Artillery, and lli_>al Lngineers, is 26,000 men. Besides the above, aie the leeently organised Chelsea out-peiiMone-rs, who are fully equipped, and ready l«>l»e called out at a short notice if lequired. The aimed police amounts to about 10,000 men, stationed throughout the country. — Ibid.

Money Ma k ice r. — The question has )>een inure or lets agitated, for some time, among' npiuli-'is ami utlieis ia the city, whether the Chancellor of the Exchequer would take advan-

ta-it* <>f tho fivotiidble Mate of the time.-, and ptopos>c in the coming session of Parliament, ji reduction m the Three pel cent llecluml Annuities, to Two and three qinnteis per cent. We have every reason to believe tluit such n pioposition will be made, and little doubt U theie that it will be most successfully carried out, should no untoward event arisn to cause a serious reiliirtiun in the value of the Public Securities, feoine of out contenipor.il ies have thrown doubts upon the statement that, have been in circulation on this subject, but 'here is justgiouud for the supposition that Mr. Goulborn contemplates the conveision. The communication between him and the "Chaiis," of the Bank of En-land have of late been very frequent,— a pretl) c.ear indication to those who desiie to take events as the> aiise, that something; is in the wind. Nor is it lik«ly that much dMHculty "ill be experienced in the reduction of the Tin cc per cents, reduced to a Two and three quaiter per rent. Slock, if tne Minister proposes, and the House of Commons accedes to the change. The Stockholders must come in and assent, the mote especially, as it is believed that a pledge will be given t lidt for fifteen, or pei haps twenty \ears, there shall not be any ftuthei diminution of the rale of intetest. The Five per cents wete i educed, and there were £2,791,318 dissentients, —the Four per cents were reduced, and there £0,1 19,210 dissentients,- and the New Four petcents uere reduced, and there were but £2.409,3tiU dissentients. All those who took Cash instead of New Stocks have lost by their opposition. The amount of the Navy Fives, w hen led need, was £149,000,000,— of the Four per cents., £70,000,000,— 0f the New Four petcents., ditto, £131,000,000,— and of the Three and a-half per cents, last reduced, £219,000,000. The amount of the reduced Three, per cents., expected to be reduced lo i'woand three-quarteis is but £125.000 000. Atpe.ice with all the world, with capital supet abundant, and tradeimpioving, a finance Minister would neglect his duly to the country, if he did not take advantage of favuurable limes, w lien a i eduction of the national buithens, as respects the Debt, may with honor be accomplished. — Watchman. „

Wes r Indies. — The Ro>al Mail Company's Ship, Aeon, has brought mails from Tampico. to Oct. 2G ; Vera Cruz, to Nov. 2 ; Hiivunuali, to the 10 ; St. Thomas, to the 15ih ; and»Bennuda, to the 23id, being the day of the Aotm's departure. We i egret to stale that this ve&bel brings an account of the total loss of the Artosuii steamship, belonging to the Ro)al Mail Company, on the morning of the 20th Oelolier. She was rounding the Punta Canoa,at eight in the mom Ing, the Popa, or high land, within the city, being S S.E. The Actieon steering south, sti urk at 8 40. upon a sunken rock, supposed to be t e Negrillo, but wind), according to the chart, should luve been nearer to the land than the ship then was. Sail was made to force her on slioie, or into shallower water. Precsieh, however, at twenty minutes past eleven, she u ent down in H\ fathoms. The captain, ollicers, and crew on this trying occasion, behaved with the most praiseworthy courage. The captain was the last to leave thei.l fated vessel. All hands were safely got into the boats, and steered for Carthagena, from which they were about nine miles disjdnt. They landed in safety, and were hos-| pitably received by the authorities Theie were only three passengers on board at the lim,e of the' disaster. The Aciceoii makes the fourth vessel jlost since the esta lishmcnt of the Ro\al Mail Steam Company, being a quarter of the number of steam-ships it has afloat. — IbvL

America.— The lioval Mail steam packet | Britannia, arrived at Liverpool, on the 13th Decembet. She brings 50passengeis,,md papers froiti New York up to the lot December. The. Caledonia «as seen about a day's, sail from llali- ' cax, all well. The nens by this convejaitce is not politically important Public attention was directed to the opening of Congress, and much speculation was afloat as to the future policy ofj the new President. The Wings were consoling themselves, that although they were beaten, their views must be carried out by the new government, as they were able to resist -any measines which were not in accordance with their Mippo eil interests. 'She lin.il reMilt of the election is— Polk 170— Clay, lOj—Polk's majority of ele.toial votes, G5, The annexation of Texas still continues to be a favourite topic, and would, no doubt, be persisted in, if their fears were not paramount to their wishes. — Ibid. i One of the American liners, the Elizabeth, Captain Paton, a commander belonging to Liverpool, was overtaken by a severe storm, on the 4th October, when on her passage to New Or- J leans, and on the evening of the 6th, the storm still continuing, she sprang a severe leak. All hands were put in requisition to the pump, but all hope of saving the ship being vain, the captatn lold the passengers to take to the boats, which had been pieviously launched. In a few minutes after they had got into the boats, the vessel went down in deep water. The storm still continued, and the three boats soon parted. Two of them have since been picked up, after being six clays at sea. The passengers and beameii were all in a dreadful state of exhaustion. The thiid boat ha- not been heard of, and it is feared that the captain and 22 persons in her have perished.