The Nelson Evening Mail. SATURDAY, MAY 18, 1878.

Nelson Evening Mail, Volume XIII, Issue 119, 20 May 1878, Page 2

The Nelson Evening Mail. SATURDAY, MAY 18, 1878.

In the course of his address to the members of the Royal Colonial Institute from which we quoted in our last issue, Sir Julius Yogel gave the following practical advice to intending immigrants from England:— "It may safely bo said tbat the hulk of the immigrants have heen greatly successful.

But it would be a mistake to suppose thafc New Zealand is a fairy land. As in other countries, some people ate unfortunate without having themselves to blame, whilst there are some who, not being abie or willing to work, are prone to attribute to the country the fault which belongs to themselves. Comprising as the colouy does a great many settlements, there is constantly a liability to au undue congregation in some parts aud a reverse iv others. With respect to artizan labour, there is also a special risk of temporary excessive supply in some districts aud want of supply in othors. No one should go to the colony who does not take with him a determination to endure, if need be, some hardship. The primary business of tho colony is to obtain the products of the land, whether agricultural, pastoral, or mineral. All other occupations are subsidiary, and their success depends upou the plentifulnesa winch the land yields. Professional nieii, men who can only give clerical labor, and artizans, must depend on those who earn from the land the means of paying them; i hence they should be very cautious of going to the Colouy witbout receiving direct encouragement to do so. Persons who possess capital and agricultural knowledge may depend on procuring Iriud, aud if their knowledge is adequate they should have no difficulty in being successful, provided they arc able to exercise frugality and self-denial Those who aye well acquainted with agriculture, and who aspire to positions beyond those of ordinary labourers, but are unable to take with them capital, must remember that though they take to the Colony most useful knowledge, they cannot look for immediate employment equal to their merits. A farmer or capitalist may continually want labour, but may nofc at a moment's notice be prepared to make such alterations in his arrangements as would be involved in the employment of overseers or persons of an analogous rank. Hence the agriculturist without capital or means must nofc consider that he is at aH assured of afc onco realising his aspirations for a superior position. Meu with large families should understand that their risks are increased; not only have they more mouths to feed, but they are more liable to the effects of illness or accidental misfortune. With such a disposition to meet with patience any difficulties that might arise as would have to be exercised in this couutry, there cannot, I think, be a doubt that the general prospects of the working classes, and of men with capital, are infinitely brighter in New Zealand than in this country. Here tbere is an excess of population, the possession of capital from £250 to £5,000 is a source of embarrassment, and men of means and position are unable to decide what to do with tbeir sons growing to manhood. There, there is a laud of infiuite capacity, greatly deficient in population, and | offering large rewards to suitable colonists who have tbe couaage not to be deterred by I slight obstacles, and who do not expect too much. Immigrants, it should be observed, require some amouut of self-reliance. The landing amongst strangers, in a strange place, is depressing, and those who expect too much may be disappointed " ln reverting to his favorite theory of Federation, Sir Julius endeavors to impress upon English capitalists thafc ifc would tend very largely to their advantage in more ways than one if they were to look more to the British possessions and less to foreign countries as a field for investment. The arguments he adduces in support of this recommendation are interesting, and we will give them in full. He says:-" Above all, the lesson may be learnt that a country may be stimulated artificially, if you like to call it so, by the introduction simultaneously of I labor and capital, and thafc this may be done to an almost indefinite extent. The popular refrain of the day runs to the effect that we j can fight because — We've got the ships, we'va got the men, We've got the money too. Would that ifc were generally recognised thafc wa can colonise because we have these great resources .' New Zealand, in believing that it could do iv teu years what in ordinary course might take more than a quarter of a century, only utilised the results of observation. Experience shows that all the ramifications of a useful community will grow out of population hastily summoned to a locality if labour and capital be present afc the same time. Immense populations rushed to California and to Victoria in search of gold ; they remained to develop into useful communities. Diamonds did the same office in South Africa; oil in pan a of America. Given people, work to employ them, and capital to aid labour, and you have the elements of a successful community. If, iustead of a precarious search | for gold or diamonds, you have the certain rewards yielded by fertile land, so much the easier is the working of the problem. It is of the greatest importance to recognise the fields for enterprise the Colonies offer for they may be the substitute for those countries, the excessive desire to serve which has nofc in my opinion, been beneficial to this country. The loss of money wasted abroad would, in some cases, probably be I a lesser evil from a British point of view than that of the results of the expenditure I do nofc wish to enter on political ground bufc I presume no one will deny that this country, if ifc is not involved in war with Russia, has been very near that contingency I presume, also, ifc cannot be questioned that the result of the late war will in any case devolve on this country the necessity in future of a larger annual naval expenditure —a very much larger one, probably. Now is there anyone who {would deny that but for the money lent to Russia by British capitalists, and the military railways constructedby British capital, that war would not have taken place, afc any rate, for a long time ? Ifc is British gold that has armed the Continent, that has made railways that has facilitated wars, thafc has done a great deal which is now reducing the prosperity and power of this country relatively to others. Of course I- may be told "that in making foreign counries prosperous we enable them to become better customers ; in the same way the man who was told to pay his debts asked where he should borrow the money to do so Not only has British gold made foreign countries formidable to Great Britain, but the interests of the British creditors of foreign countries is calculated to injuriously influence the foreign policy of this country. The Egyptian and Turkish debts underlie the chief difficulties we now have in dealing with the Eastern Question. Without laying down the doctrine that the country should enforce payment of such debts, ifc is impossible to leave out of all consideration acts of repudiation, or events or action which might lead to repudiation. Besides man is only human and given a man whose family depends ou his investments in Turks or Russians, is it possible his patriotism can rise altogether superior to his anxiety for the welfare of the States wbich owe him all he has to live on ? Really, if there were an income tax of five shillings in the pound on investments in foreign loans and railways, the burden would only represent the loss to the country in various ways arising out of this employment of British capital. If we spend two hundred millions in a war wifch Russia, and this war is precipitated by our liberal loans to that Power, I should like to know if the investment shows a balance of profit. In fact, tbe investors gain, the nation loses. Better that capital should remaid idle than it should be viciously spent. There is of course a wide distinction between mere trading investments and those which have for their results, if not for their object, the giving facility to a country to organise its forces and move ts

armies. This is assistance from an absurd point of view, for it benefits the |few whilst it throws .a serious liability on the taxpayers in geueral. . Had sbe not obtained So much English capital, Russia would now be like a horse with too little instead of too much oats. The lesson New Zealand teaches us is, that there is practically unlimited occupation for capital in British territory, in eight years a thousand miles of railway will have been constructed there. More attention to onr own country and less to others is what the nation demands, and yet so much does fche eril feed dn itself that tho^e who have gained their wealth by investments Abroad are the very persons who exclaim against the colonies as sources of weakness. Since investments abroad have become somewhat unpopular, there is a large flow of money to Britisli possessions. Commerce is really now engaged in federating the Empire; but so little doea practical statesmanship run in harness with commerce, that when the latter arrives at the conclusion that Federation is imperatively required, statesmanship may have made it impossible." Sir Julius concludes his remarks upou New. Zealand as follows:— " I have given you, as much as my limits wil! permit aud my ability allow, an idea of New Zealand. I feel that I have done inadequate justice to its great capabilities, that I have insufficiently described all thafc convinces me there is "no land on earth " that has before ifc a fairer promise. With a superb climate and every other natural advantage iv its favor, it has been carefully peopled by those who can best serve it, and who must become the founders of a hardy, enterprising; and able branch of the British race. No marvel is ifc to me that they who have lived in N^r Zealaud learn to loTe itj for I share fchat feeling. To describe it is to me a labor of love. It seems to me a land that in the words of Byron, ' Must evor be The master mould of Nature's heavenly haud, Wherein are cast the heroic and the free, The beautiful, the bravo— the lords of earth and sea ' " If this colony does uot become more widely and favorably known in Greafc Britain as a land which holds out greafc attractions to thoso who are disposed to leave the old country in search of a new home ifc certainly will not be owing to auy want of earnest advocacy ou the part of our Agent-General.

Our telegrams announce the total wreck near the Bluff, of-the barque Ann Gambles^ under charter to the New Zealand Shipping Company. The vessel is said to have been bound for the Bluff and Neison, bufc this is a mistake, as the agents here knew nothing of jher beiug consigned to this pott. A vert ingenious and amusinsr piece of mechanism called " The Blacksmith's Dream is now on view at the room formerly occupied by Mr Augarde in Bridge-street. Miniature figures, set in motion by clock work, are to be seen engaged in all sorts of employments, the whole forming one of the most curious and interesting exhibitions that has been seen here. The charge for admission being only sixpence, it is likely to be visited by a large number of sight-seers. The fire bells sounded the alarm about three o'clock this afternoon, producing the usual amount of excitement, and causing the Eire Brigade to turn out with their customary alacrity. Fortunately it was nothing move serious than a chimney on fire in Mr T. Harley 's house JJnear Collingwood Bridge, and all cause for alarm was speedily removed. The Institute entertainment is postponed until Wednesday evening, the 29tli instant. As Mr Alfred Saunders is 'now a member of the New Zealand Parliament his opinions must be of interest to all; we therefore today publish a full report from the Christchurch Press of a speech made by him at a recent electioneering meeting, a brief telegraphic summary of which appeared iv our columns a few days ago. The May subscription meeting of the Permanent Building Society will be held this eveniug at 7 o'clock. The aunual meeting will take place in the Temperance Hall on Wednesday night ab 8 o'clock. Thomas Oliver was sentenced to two months' imprisonment at the Police Court this morning- for stealing an overcoat from Mr Charles Beaver, the landlord of the Prince Albert Hotel. A kdmbrr of the school-fellows and old friends of Mr T. li. Nicholson invited tbat gentleman to meet them at AI Gee's Hotel on Saturday night, when they presented him with a handsome gold watch as a mark of their esteem and regard for him. Air Nicholson's health wag drunk in a bumper of champagne, and he made a suitable response. The first game of football of the season was appointed to be played last Saturday afternoon, but there was a very poor attendance. The annual match with Wellington is not likely to take place for some weeks. " The weak eat herbs," says the apostle, and without denying the efficacy of mineral medicines in certain cases, it may well be doubted whether those remedies which are derived from the vegetable kingdom are nofc the most efficacious as well as the safest. Certainly the astonishing cures of dyspep3iaj kidney disease, rheumatism, and of the numerous maladies in which tonic medication is serviceable, effected by Udolpho Wolfe's Schiedam Aromatic Schnapps.— Advt The invasion of England, so long the bug bear of the frightened old ladies of the past generation, seems to have given place to the absurd cry of the decline of the grand old country. This can never be, so long as the health and constitution of the Anglo-Saxon race is kept up, and that is best done by removing disease in every form. " Ghollah's Great Indian Cures" is the surest and safest medium for this great desideratum. They are wonderful medicines, and sold by all Chemists. Testimonial— Nelson, 13th August, 1877. Sm,— Having had occasion to use both your Rheumatism and Aperient Mixtures, I can add my testimony as to their effioacy. I derived greafc benefit from their use, and can recommend the Indian Aledicines to others. Yours truly, William Beltony.