MONARCHY versus REPUBLIC.

Nelson Evening Mail, Volume VII, Issue 191, 12 August 1872, Page 4

MONARCHY versus REPUBLIC.

In his address delivered to the Lancashire Conservatives at Manchester, Mr Disraeli spoke as follows on this subject : — " An attack has recently been made upon the Throne, ou accouut of the costliness of the institation. I shall not dwell upon tbe fact tbat if the people, of England appreciate the Monarchy, as I believe they do, jfc would bo painful to them that their Royal, and representative family should not be maintained with becoming dignity, or fill in the public eye a position inferior to some of the nobles of the land, but what I now say is this, that there is no Sovereignty of any first-rate State which costs so little as the Sovereignty of England. I will not compare bur Civil. List with those of European Empires, for it is known that ia amount they treble and quadruple it, but I will compare it with the cost of Sovereignty, in a Republic, and that a Republic with which you are intimately acquainted — the Republic of- the United States of> America; Gentlemen, there is no analogy between the position of our Sovereign, Queen Victoria, and that of the President of the United States. The President of the United States is not the Sovereign of the United States. There is a very near analogy between the position of the President of the UuWed States, and that of the Prime Minister of England, and both are paid at much the same rate — the income of a second-claes professional man. The Sovereign of the United States is the people, and I will now show you what the Sovereignty of the United States costs. Gentlemen, you are aware of the Constitution of the United States. There are 37 independent States, each with a Sovereign Legislature. Besides these, there is a Confederation of States to conduct their externalaffairs, which consists of a House of Representatives and a Senate, There are 285 members of the House of Representatives, and there are 74 members of the Senate, making altogether 359 members of Congress. Now each member of Congress receives £1000 sterling per annum. In addition to this he receives an allowance called '• mileage," which varies according td the distance which he travels, but tbe aggregate cost of •which is about £30,000 per annum. That, makes £389,000 almost the exact amount of our Civil List. But this, gentlemen, ■will allow; you to mske only a very imperfect estimate of the cost of Sovereignty in the United States. Every member of every Legislature in the 37 States is also paid. There are, I believe, 5010 members of State Legislatures who receive about 350 dollars per annum each. As many of the returns are imperfect, the average which I have given of expenditure may be rather high,, and therefore I have not counted the " mileage," which is also universally allowed. 5010 members of State Legislature at 350 dollars each make 1,753,500 dollars, or £350,700 a year. So you see that the immediate expenditure for the Sovereignty of the United States is between £700,000 and £800,000 a year. I have not time to pursue this interesting theme, otherwise I might show you that you have still but imperfectly ascertained the cost of Sovereignty in a Republic. But I cannot resist giving you one further illustration. The government of this country is considerably carried on by the aid of Royal Commissions. So great is the increase of public business tbat it "would be probably impossible for a Minister to carry on affairs without this assistance. The Queen of England can command for these objects the services of the most experienced statesmen and men of the highest position in society. If necessary, she can summon to them distinguished scholars or men most celebrated in science and in art ; and she receives from them services that are unpaid. They are only. too proud to be described in the Commission as Her Majesty's "trusty ■ Councillors," and if any member of these Commissions performs some transcendent services, both of thought and labor, he is munificently rewarded by a public distinction conferred upon him by the Fountain of Honor. The Government of. the United States has, I believe, not less availed 4 . himself of the ; services of Commissions than the Government; of :the United Kingdom, but in a coup tryv where there is no Fountain -of. Honor, eyer^; member of these is paid. Gentlemen,- 1 .. trli-si " T^have " fe nojy. ,™|% some; suggestions "to you /respecto '^Monarchy;;; of .;.' 'Ej^larW ;; ':^hipbi'. "iitVlesp^ ,ma-^bejtf^ are eeparated they may not, be altogether

There are now 271 miles of railway open for traffic in Victoria.' Their total construction has cost nine-million pounds. An exchange states that Nupier can boast of five places-? ot worship, cloven hotels, and a like number of lawyers, ami five billiard tables. According' to. the Provincial Secretary and tha Resident MagistrateNewPlymouth is often in n " dangerous and disreputable" stnte," owing to tbe number of drunken Maoris initi • The Provincial Secretary said that some dreadful catastrophe would happen if this wero not put a stop to. It was uo exaggeration to say that it was frequently not possible for any respectable woman to walk down the centre of the town. The Resident Magistrate said that " on Saturdays it was not safe for respectable people -to walk down tbe street, He himself had twice been molested by intoxicated Maoris. Many and curious have been the tales, told about the eoniewhat extraordinary railways they have in Southland; and to the number the Tuapeka Times .adds one which is very amusing. During the late visit of Mr Biogden to. their. province' the Southlanders were exceedingly anxious to show how well their railway worked, and to practically confute the report that their trains are unable to beat a. smart cow in a fair race, which has obtained such extensive currency in New Zealand arid Australia. Accordingly when Mr Brogden, in company with Mr HendersoD, C. E. and Mr Burton, C. E. and a host of local notabilities were proceeding to VVinton by rail, Mr Conyers the railway superintendent, determined fo put the powers to the utmost strain. Having managed by superhurnao exertions to clear tbe track of ihe animals who usually" take their walks abroad thereupon, the order " full speed " was given. The results were immediately disatrous. The engine plunged, kicked, jumped clear of the line and endeavoured to make a short cut to Winton. Mr Brogden and his companions were stricken with deadly fenr, nnd scrambled out of the carriages with celerity unbecoming such exalted personages. The Southlanders, however, probably being used to shch mishaps, stuck to tbeir seats, much disgusted that the locomotive should play such pranks on such an occasion, but not otherwise troubled in their minds. It WBS with considerable difficulty that Mr Brogden and the engineers were induced to re-enter the carriages, and they only consented to do so ou the understanding that the engine was to be allowed to travel at its own pace. Mr Anthony Trollope, having "done" Australia, is about to visit New Zealand. Colonial tin has been sold by auction in Sydney at £150 per ton. The Rev. Mr Leonard, of Singleton, N. S. W., has been fined £5 for getting up a lottery. The receipts for the New York Herald advertising rauge from 2500 to 3000dols. per day, according to the busy season of the year. Bennett's, income from his real estate and newspaper ia 225,000d015, and that of his son 45 } OoOdols. Dr W. B. Carpenter, probably the highest authority on the subject of deepsea dredging, says that the temperature of tropical seas differs so much in' proportion to the depth,, that below two. thousand fathoms the cold is as great as that of high ~ latitudes, and the animals found atithese great depths resemble the. forms which occur in the circum- polar seas The Nalal Colonist writes: — A race meeting is advertised to take place at the diamond fields, and from all accounts will be the richest in stakes that has ever been held in South -Africa. -From a private letter we learn that £920 was paid for the monoply of the site for a grand stand arid that on the day following the purchase no less than 3000 tickets, afc. a guinea a-piece were sold. The Philadelphia- Ledger says that opium eating has become common in the United States, particularly in the west. The Legislature of ..Kentucky, in . order to. check this practice, has just passed ,a Bill that on the affidavit of two respectable citizens, any" person who, through - the exceßsive.useof opium,; arsenic, hasheesh, or any other drug, has become incompetent to manage himself or his estate, may be ; confined in any asylum," attdfplaced under guardianship, as in the -case of habitual drunkards oi" lunatics.-. The financial statement of. the Canadian Dominion shows extraordinary elasticity in the revenue of the dominion. ' The sur- : plus! in ; 187 i ;: was nearly/r4,000,000d018. ;' ; in 1872 the surplusni&estiinated 3,5G0,000 ! dolsj and in,,18J3-at.l,op ; o,opo.. L : .penditure proposed Yor ptt'tiiicVo'^B/ezclD**. ;>iyVjofVthe Pacific Railroad, i8''l5}0O(),DOO ! : \ No alteration will be made in the tariff, but the icapitatio"htax"on emigrants jis r to be /abolished^ j : The P^re^ *§&luced^ :CaiUtoi«a^^ \