ANGLO-APANESE ALLIANCE.

Manawatu Herald, Volume XLIII, Issue 2369, 17 December 1921, Page 4

ANGLO-APANESE ALLIANCE.

TERMS OP DISCARDED TREATY.

The Anglo-Japanc.se Alliance which is to be abrogated under the terms of the new treaty between Britain, the United States, Japan and Prance, has been in existence for 16 years. On August 12th, 1905, an agreement between the United Kingdom and Japan was signed at London by Lord Lansdowne and Viscount Hayashi. Its objects were: —

(a). The consolidation and maintenance of the general peace in the regions of Eastern Asia and India. •(b). The preservation of the common interests of all Powers in China by insuring the independence and integrity of the Chinese Republic and the principle of equal opportunities for the commerce and industry of all nations in China. (c). The maintenance of the territorial rights of the High Contracting Parties in the regions of Eastern Asia and of India, and the defence of their special interests _in the said regions. The agreement was revised in 1911, and was reduced to the following six articles: — Articlel.: It is agreed that when-, ever in the opinion of either Great Britain or Japan any of the rights and interests referred to in the preamble of this agreement are in jeopardy, the two Governments will communicate with one another fully and frankly, and will consider in common the measures which should be taken to safeguard' those menaced rights or interests. Article II.: If by reason of unprovoked attack or aggressive action, wherever arising, on the part of any Power or Powers, either High Contracting Party should be involved in war in.defence of its territorial rights or special interests mentioned in the preamble of this agreement, the other High Contracting Party will at once come to the assistance ol‘ its ally, and will conduct the war in common and make peace in mutual agreement with it. Article III.: The High Contracting Parties agree that neither of t)iem will,' without consulting the other, enter into separate arrangements with another Power to the prejudice of the objects described in the preamble of this agi'eement. Article IV.: Should either High Contracting Party conclude a treaty of general arbitartion with a third Power, it is agreed that nothing in this agreement shall entail upon such High Contracting Party an obligation to go to war with the Powei with whom such treaty of arbitration is in force.

Article V.: The conditions uudei which armed assistance shall be afforded by either Power to the other in the circumstances mentioned in the present agreement and the means by which such assistance is to be made available will be arranged by the naval and military authorities of the High Contracting Parties, who will from time to time consult one another fully and freely upon 4 all questions of mutual interest.

Article VI.: The present agreement shall come into effect immediately after the date of its signature, and remain in force for 10 years from that dale. In oase neither of the High Contracting Parties should have notified 12 months before the expiration of the said 10 years the intention of terminating it, it shall remain binding until the expiration of one year from the day on which either of the High Contracting Parties shall have denounced it. But, if when the dale fixed for its expiration arrives, either ally is actually- engaged in war, the alliance shall, ipso facto, continue until peace is concluded.