English and Foreign.
AKRIVAL OF THE SIMLA. Eueofean Intelligence to the 12th Novembee. (From the Melbourne " Argus" Jan. 7.) By the arrival of the Simla, after a splendid run of 55-days, we have news from England to the 12th of November, being 25 days later than our previous advices from thence. As our correspondent's "letter contains a compendious summary of the events of each week that has elapsed since tre sailing of the Oneida, we subjoin his communication entire, and defer extracts from our file of papers until to-morrow. Week Ending October the 25th. ' A frightful accident occurred at the Surre'v Gardens on the evening of Sunday, the 19th instant, by which seven persons were killed, and thirteen more or less injured. Mr. Spurgeon, although only about 23 years of age, is the most popular preacher of the present day ; and his attractiveness has been such that the largest halls in London have been found inadequate to accommodate the crowds who go to hear him. His own chapel, situate in Park street, Borough, was enlarged, but his popularity mci easing, not to sufficient dimensions. Then Exeter Hall, in the Strand, was engaged. It, also, was found too small. Then a scheme was instituted for erecting a chapel capable of holding from 15,000 to 20,000 people. The Music Hall, in the Surrey Gardens, opened last summer for the purpose of affording good and cheap music to the south-side-of-the-water folks, and capable of holding upwards, of 10.000, was rented by Mr. Spurgeon ;at £15 a night; and Sunday evening, the I9tu instant, was his first appearance. Between 12.000 and|)l4,OoO persons were assembled in the building, when an alarm of danger was given, and in a few moments the whole of the vast assembly was seized: with a feeling of;consternation:'''The accounts vary as to the exact words used to sound the alarm. Some say that it was a cry of '"Fire" which proceeded from a person in the uppermost, gallery ; others that the words used were, "The roof, the roof!" that they emanated from some person on the basement story, and were accompanied by the tinkling of a bell. But, whatever the cry, the people in all parts of; the hall rose en masse in i state of the greatest terror, and made for every point of outlet from the place with the most frantic eagerness. We need hardly add that the alarm resulting in all this deplorable loss of life was^ altogether a false one, that there was no fire and no danger from the falling of the roof. After a lengthened inquiry into the:
cause of the accident, a verdict of " Acci- j dental Death " has been returned. Apropos of the forthcoming Reform Bill, it is said that Lord Palmerston is busy in something of the kind, and that he will stake the existence of his Government on the lesult. After being handed from court to court, and postponed from time to time, the case of Archdeacon Denison has at length been decided against him. He is to appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council; but the result is anticipated to be a condemnation of himself and his doctrine. From France we learn that the " Moniteur " of yesterday contains the following: " For some time past different organs of the English press have endeavoured to spread calumnies respecting the French Government, which are the more odious as they are concealed under an anonymous mask, and can only be answered by contempt. We are aware of the respect which is paid to the liberty of the press in England ; and in thus pointing out its deviations we confine ourselves to an appeal to the common sense and good faith of the English people to warn them against the dangers of a system which, by destroying the confidence between the two Governments, would tend to disunite two nations whose alliance is the best gurantee of the peace of the world." The 'Moniteur'is, as all the world knows, the official organ of the Emperor ; but the above paragraph is so pieposterous and outrageous, that doubts are entertained as to its being the inspiration of his Majesty. It is vague, and points not to the offending journal. He knows England too well not to be aware ofthe fact that this Government cannot exercise any constraint over our press ; hence the folly of expressing a wish to curb bur English freedom. Spanish affairs are yet more complicated and Absolutist in their tendency. The Queen's proposition' for restitution to the clergy of the whole of the church property which has been sold since her accession to the throne, astonished even Narvaez ; and he, in no very elegant terms, refused to accede to her Majesty's demand. Then the Marquis ■ de Viluma was sent for, and although he is the most prominent of the Absolutist party, the scheme was too much even for his nerves; he also returned a negative answer. A document has just been issued from the Sacred Office at Ancona, signed by the In-quisitor-General, re-establishing the Inquisition with all the rigour of the 16th century. Week ending November Ist. The importance of regular communica tion with our Australian colonies seems at length to have assumed a practically affirmative shape. No sooner is the pioneer of the new mail line fairly on her way, than another, and: what promisesto be an almost equally expeditious scheme, is announced, the peculiarity of which is made sufficiently clear, in its designation—the Australian Auxiliary Steam Clipper Company. This Company is formed under the provisions of the Limited Liability Act of last session, and it numbers some of the first names in the city, a proof that the undertaking is not only likely to be productive of good in the ■■ way of; extending commerce, but that it promises: to be remunerative to. its originatoi's. The first ship, the Istamboul, is to sail on the 10th instant; and to celebrate the event, as well as to; inspect the vessel, about 250 gentlemen, merchants and others interested in the colonies, met on board and partook of an elegant dejeuner, on. Monday laSt. : ;: ■ ■ ■■.. ;.; '■■ •;■■■■■..■ ;. The article from : the • Moniteur,' on the liberty of the English press, quoted in my; previous letter, has produced, with two or three dishonourable i exceptions, a burst of indignation from the London and provincial press. I would call particular attention to . ./the. ni&sterly article in the 'Times,' and '
leave the readers of that article to judge what Louis Napoleon has gained by hia uncalled-for and meddling interference with one of the most honoured arid useful institutions. An attempt was made in Paris to suppress the number of the " leading journal" containing that article ; but, after a few hours' detention, the authorities, finding it too hot to keep, had to let go their hold ; and the obnoxious paper is now eagerly sought after by the very classes upon which it was expected toact injuriously, and whose appetite was sharpened by the short embargo. Our witty friend ' Punch' caricatures the affair with his usual ability this week j and, of course, he too will bring upon him/self the wrath of his Imperial Majesty, or that of his speculating, timeserving underlings. Whatever the c;uise may be, there is very little doubt that the understanding' between our Government and that of Napoleon is not so cordial as it was some months ago. Some think that the charge against the English press was a mere pretext advanced by the creatures,surrounding the throne of France to shake the alliance. It is well known that some of the so-called ministers of Louis Napoleon prostitute their position and office for the pur- ! poses of gain and speculation. With such men, Russian or any orher gold would go far ; and can it then be wondered at.that the cause of the Muscovite is at the present moment in the ascendant in Paris; and that of England, which requires not nor courts such dishonourable traffic, is getting towards zero? It is not only hinted, but broadly asserted in some quarters—to which certainly the continued presence in Moscow of Count de Morny lends a certain colourthat France and Kussia are geUing to understand each other ; and that, as the former is becoming lukewarm in her alliance with us, England and Austria are drawing closely the bands of friendship. This the Austrian; resident in Paris are very careful to 'tell; th world of. It is difficult to imagine what will be the result of all the manceurving and complication on the Neapolitan question, in which, as ' Punch' has so tellingly shown, we are, at most, but playing f- second fiddle.' It is known that Bomba is backed by Russia ; Austria se.tr >tly renders him her'moral support;' France counsels moderation and concession ; and England, scarcely knowing ! what to do, but inwardly regretting, she ever embarked in.such a thankless occupation, silently acquiesces in the; : last move. In the meantime, .the diplomatic relations of the Allies with, the offending power have wholly ceased, and the next act in this eventful drama is looked for with anxiety. More pickings for Palmerston! r The Premier is in luck's way with the Church, prizes. Another diocese to dispose of ! The Bishop of Norwich has intimated his intention of resigning ;■; and that, too, unconditionally. It is presumed that he has; profitted by the wholesome agitation caused by the Selfish and uuapostolical bargaining of the Bishops of London and Durham, ere they could summon courage to trust themselves to Providence —which they failed to , do. for they kept fast hold of their in mense •possessions until Parliament guaranteed plenty to live upon in their old age. I have not beard who is to be the lucky man for the see of Norwich. of Turkey. Now that she is freed from themesence of the soldiers of the Allies, she is beginning to show symptoms of a retrograde movement. Notwithstanding the fair promises of t'fje Sultan, guaranteed too by his edict, efforts now being made .to christianise the Mussulman meet with scarcely disguised hostility. The age of intolerance is not 3-et past, even in England. The Bishop of Exeter has just been at his old game. He has givei. notice to the Tiverton Burial .Board that unless they have a four-feet wall erected
between the consecrated and unconsecrated portions of their new burial-ground, he will withdraw his episcopal license to bury in the cemetery. The board wisely treated the notice with contempt. But what will follow this rash conduct of theirs ? R,obinson, the Crystal Palace swindler, Ims been sentenced to twenty years' trans* jiortation. The Crimean banquet at Edinburgh came off last night, and the telegraphic accounts of it in the papers to-day represent it as one of the most splendid gatherings ever ■witnessed in " Auld Reekie." The number present was over 2,000, including about 500 ladies in the gallery. Sir John M'Neill, in proposing the health of Miss Nightingale, took the opportunity of vindicating his own character from the censure implied by the appointment of the abortive Chelsea Commission. Week ending November Bth. The latest intelligence from America confirms the anticipations entertained for the last fortnight as to the probable result of the.Presidental election The Democrats were in the ascendency. The defection of Pennsylvania, from which so much had of a right, to. be expected, is to be deplored, 'as it will so materially affect the position of Mr. Fremont. The South, or Buchanan •interest, had, when the last accounts left, secuied a clear working majority in the next House of Representatives ; and this will place almost beyond a doubt the admission of Kansas as a Slave fc>tate, as well as contribute to the development of the peculiar Democratic policy with respect to Culva and Nicaragua : indeed, it is probable that ere this readies you General Walker will be recognised, and Nicaragua a member of the Union. I may mention a rumour which, if it be but a rumour, hts a good deal of probability 'in its favour. It is said that it is seriously intended to make a monarchy of the Canadas, and to place over it one of our yountr Princes. That discontent exists in the Union —discontent with its government, and discontent with its institutions—no one at all conversaut with American affairs will attempt to deny; and the effect of placing one of Britain's Princes over Canada, with such a disorganised state of society in the adjoining.Republic, would, it is thought, be the mean's oi raising our transatlantic possessions to a far greater height than they have yet attained. The death of Chief Justice Jervis (one •of the ablest occupants of the Bench,) and the resignation of Baron Platt, will produce a succession of law changes. Mr. Watson, the eminent Queen's Counsel, had been elevate ;to the Bench in the room of the latter. This will cause a vacancy in the representation of Hull, which will probably be supplied by Mr. Edwin James, who has just issued an address to the electors. There are various rumours as to who is to succeed Sir John Jervis in the Chief Justiceship of the Court of Common Pleas. The latest and most likely-is that Sir Alexander Cockburn, the present Attorney-General, wiil accept the appointment with a peerage as an inducement. Should such be the case, he will be succeeded by Mr. Bethellj whose place again would be supplied probably by either Mr. Edwin James, or Mr.! Collier, M.P. for Plymouth.
London, Nov. 11, 1856. By the Simla, which' leaves Southampton to morrow, I send you a summary of English and continental news from the date of in)' last letter, up till now. The Simla, which is chartered by the European and Australian Mail Company, from the Peninsula and Oriental Company, made a trial trip on Saturday: and, although she did so under disadvantageous circumstances,
the result, was most satisfactory, her speed being an average of I 2 knots au "hour. The vessel is 2,600 tons burden, and 600 horse power, and is under the command of Captain Cooper.
For some time past, it was well known that differences existed between our Government and Louis Napoleon, with reference to the hesitation unmistakably evinced by Russia to fulfil the terms of the treaty of Paris. Our Ministers urged tlia importance of the immediate and unconditional execution of her engagements on the'part of Russia, while France, backed by Prussia, favoured Muscovite procrastination; or, what was the same thing1, gave way to the wiles of Russian diplomacy in so far as to admit the importance of a supplemental conference. So matters stood until the appearance in the ' Moniteur' of the celebrated paragraph (noticed below) complaining of the license of the English press: That paragraph was met with the indignant rebuke of the all but unanimous press of Great Britain. Then appeared an article in the ' Constitutionner, inspired, it is well ■ known, by the French foreig . office, of such a strong character as immediafelj' ,to affect the price of stocks, and to cause the utmost alarm, not ouly in this country, but in France; the continuance of an alliance which had achieved such victories was evidently tottering, and another stroke of the pen in the same direction would have - realised the worst fears of the friends of both countries, have given the enemies of freedom cause for rejoicing, and effected a consummation which the .subtlest diplomacy, the ablest logic, and the most insidious and irresistible blandishments had hitherto failed to accomplish. France saw that she had cone too far, and the following amende honorable, which can be taken for what it is worth, appeared in the ' Moniteur' of Friday last : — The ' Constitutionnel' of the sth instant contains an article upon a point in dispute in external affairs which we would be very sorry to allow'to be supposed that it emanated from the Government. To envenom a discussion is not the way' to facilitate its solution. England and France, -who together carried on the war and concluded peace, and who agree upon, all the great questions of the day in Europe, are divided'in opinion upon one of a very minor interest. Will the difference be settled by a preliminary arrangement or by conference ? That is the only thing to be decided. But, under all circumstances, we entertain the . firm conviction that the difficulty will soon be removed without running upon the double shoal of weakening the English alliance and of failing to fulfil the engagements contracted.
The article in the ' Constitutionnel' was thrown out. to alarm us ; but the aboveunay be accepted as an uriequiTocal proof of the desire of Louis Napoleon to maintain the English Alliance. It was thought that the presence of M. de Persigny at the fete of Campwgne, where the French Court was then entertaining a succession of distinguished guests, had something to do with the prompt neutralization of the vigorous aiid alarming article sih the 'Constitutionnel.' The continued presence of the English fleet in the Black' Sea, and the1 protracted occupation of theDanubian principalities by the Austrian?, under the pretence that Russia hadevaded compliance with the terms of the Treaty of Paris, are the matters upon which the difference of opinion exists.';• and the only question is whether a settlement can be 'effected simply by enforcing the terms of the previous agreement, or by another European Congress. Russia, France, Prussia, and it is said Sardinia; are in favour of another Congress; while England, Austria and Turkey refuse compliance, on the- ground that.the terms of the : t.eaty 'are- so unmistakeable that they require no ; explanation. In his
speeches at Manchester the other day Lord Palmei'ston was guarded, but decided on this point.; and his language, coupled with the ominous article in the ' Times1 of Saturday, must be regarded as not over assuring as to the duration of peace. His Lordship said — The duration of peace must depend upon {lie honour and fidelity with which ils conditions are fulfilled. I trust that thn,fc power wlii, \ brought upon itself the hostility, either acivooi* moral, of all Europe, by a forgetfulness of iiU'Tnational rights and duties, —I trust that that power, having concluded a treaty, will observe that treaty with faithfulness, and then, no doubt peace will be of long duration. The' Times' thus comments upon the Premier's speech— Memorable words—well weighed, and gravely uttered, —words honorable to the Minister who speaks them, and sure to be supported by the unanimous concurrence, and, if, necessary, by the equally unanimous action, of the nation to which they are virtually addressed. Our position with regard to Russia is sharply and well defined. We have entered into a^treaty with her in which, from a sincere desire for peace aiid amity, and a strong consciousness of our strength and her weakness, we exacted the very least that in justice to the cause for which we took up arms could be demanded. These conditions, so just and so reasonable, Russia has, from the very, moment the treaty was sigiied, sought every opportunity of evading. The period during which the Russian part of the treaty was to be performed has elapsed, and she is still wrangling about matters infinitely too plain to admit of dispute between parties actuated'by the slightest amount of good faith. She claims to substitute for the town of Bolgrad a hamlet of. the same name, the possession o; whichwould give her free access-to the -Danube —-the very thing which it was on,e;of the mail objects of the Treaty of Paris to prevent. Thi. question she is willing to submit to a renewei meeting of the Congress, but claims in tb meanwhile that we should withdraw our naW ;■■ forces from the Black Sea, and Austria herilanl •forces"from the: Principalities, thus■■leavingaqne more Turkey alone in the presence of the powe the end and aim of which are her destruction Nothing can be.simpler than our answer t such propositions : We do not.i.rust Russia. We should be inexcusably weak if we reliel blindly on the word of a power " which has" a Lord Palmerston says, " forgotten internatioml rights and duties, and is now seeking to evace obligations solemnly undertaken at a*.con^res of the powers of Europe." Therefore, we. wll not abandon Turkey in the hour of neel, •nor withdraw one ship from . tie Euxine while its presence is necessary to assa't a cause for which we fought and conquered. Aiy real-difficulty, any honest and hovafiie dispite as to the meaning of the terms of the treaty of Paris, we can never object to refer to arbitration ; but we will not refer-it back to any trilunal in-the world to decide whether Russia is to perform in the winter,: ;when the Baltic is cloied and the.Crimea,evacuated, conditions which, she gladly accepted in the spring, with the .prpspct of along land and naval campaign before lev. If Russia means to observe the treaty, let us hear no more of this paltry quibbling betw;en Bolgrad the hamlet and Bolgrad the town, let her witld-aw l.er miserable force from the Isle of Serpents, and let her not dare to propose,taat even one of her ships shall pass from the Mcdii c ,-ranean to the Black Sea., If she means,_m spite cf the treaty, to retain her communication with the Danube, the alternative is not an^ Eiropeau comr jss, but an European war. " Tie duration <.f p^ace," as Lord Palmerston 'truy says, '■' dep ■: ds on her;" let her decide. JNeitntf she nor her hireling foreign friends will suece<d in separating Prance and England. The two nations aie still agreed, except upon a veiy minor point, and, united, we may defy all U« machinations of the common foe.
It is understood that the French ahd.'English alliance formed a prominent subject ot discussion at the Cabinet, .Count Upheld ths dayi—the first council since the-prorogation The ministerial crisis in Constantinopb reveals a sad state of things in Turkey. 1 he ministers, of that unhappy country are merely puprets in the hands of the We-ten Ambassadors. Lord Stratford de Eedclift
[has .triumphed in the present instance, as his ifavourite, Redschid Pasha, has been restored to place and power. Of course this implies the defeat of M. Thouvenel. and the Idefeat 6i" the creature whose strings the J French Minister pulled, Aali Paha. As if I still further to signalize for the moment the; I supremacy of Britain in the Councils of the I Porte, the day on which Redschid Pasha I was raised to office was fixed upon for the I ceremony of investing the Sultan with the | English Order of the Garter.-;., What effect I this change of ministry—or rather thechange lof influence from Trench to English—will I have in the East remains to be seen. Let' lus hof c that one result will be the better | observance of the provisions of Hatti-Sciie-'i riff, which have hitherto been so wilfully It is; probable that the want !of French influence at ; Constantinople, and the combination of two such potent facts as the elevation of Redschid Pacha to power and the proximity of the English fleet, may have a telling effect in the direction of liberty of conscience. Nothing very new from Naples. The ! Legations have left. A French and an |Enyli-h frigate were cruising ofF the port, land had exchanged salutes with the forts They were to remain in observation. Tt is reported in the -Frankfort Journal' that i 'England intends a military occupation of the island of Sicily, as a counterpoise to the Austrian and French occupation of the Roman States!
(From the Melbourne ' Herald,' Janui'.ry 7th.) The European and Australian Boyal Mail Company's s., s, Simla, Captain E.; Cooper, arrived yesterday, having accomplished the voyage from England in fifty-five days six hours—the shortest on record. The Simla left Southampton on the afternoon of the 12th of November and reached the Heads shortly after six o'clock yesterday evenr ing. She put into St. to coal and remained there live days five hours. The first voyage off the Boyal Charter was. the nearest in point of rapidity, that vessel achieving the passage in fiftyriiine days. The intelligence received by her is very important. Europe was in a very unsettled state, in consequence of disagreements relative to fixing the boiindaries of Bessarabia. Bussia had claimed Bolgrad, a town on the disputed fron- | jjliei1, and : Great Britain and Austria had refused ltd give way, both of thofe powers asserting that |by the treaty of Paris Bussia had no right to I the place in question. In order more effectually. to maintain the position they had assumed, the ; Austrian forces were still quartered in the Danubian provinces, and Admiral Lord Lyons, with an augmented floet,- was cruising in the Black Sea. • The conduct of France in respect to the difficulty that had arisen was most ambiguous. The ' Constituteonnel' had published an article declaring that Bussia had correctly read the terms of °the treaty of : Paris, and the ' Debats' [Supported its contemporary in its opinion. The opposite view was however taken by the ; -' Siecle' and the ( Moniteur' had reproved somewhat mildly nevertheless the Busso-Parisian •press. A well written article, from the ' Dis-. ipatch' which we have quoted, gives a lucid I view of the question. I The Neopolitian question was still undecided, 1 but the new difficulties Which had arisen in (European politics had reduced it to quite a , | [secondary affair. The British and French Ilegations had been recalled. I Lord Palmerston had,been addressing .the [Manchester Corporation with great effect. His . gjLordship's speech was considered one of the best : |ever delivered by him. In the course of his remarks he deckred it to be the intention of ■ I [the Government to insist upon the observance '■. jby Bussia of the treaty; of Paris,. and that no would be listened tp that \yas not founded on the basis pf that treaty. His Lord-.', iihip made similar observations in a speech, lelivered by: lum at .the new Lord Mayor's >anquet. ' .'.".' Her Majesty was in good health, and had risited Aldershott camp,, honouring the amateur; heatrical company there by attending one of
their, performances. Prince Alfred was engaged " doing" the grand tour. : '. Chief Justice Jervis was dead, and it was .likely that the vacant place would be offered the Attorney-General, Sir A. Cockburn. Baron Platt had resigned, and Mr. Watson had been appointed as his successor. The obituary also ■ includes the name of Miss Vincent, the once popular actress. , .Prom the; 11th to the 17th of October a series of earthquakes had committed frightful havoc in the Mediterranean Islands. The Island of Crete had-suffered fearfully, the town of Candia being almost totally destroyed. More, than a thousand persons were either killed or seriously wounded. 'Malta and the lonian Islands had also suffered immensely in respect to loss of life and property. - •; The new Lord Mayor was Mr. Alderman _ The " show" is said to have been a most ibrilliant affair. ,.• ; : The Simla would be followed by the European, which was to leave Southampton on the 12th of December. , '■;." "We subjoin.extracts from'the late papers : —■ The Queen has signified her pleasure that a full and free pardon should be granted under the Great Seal of Great Britain and Ireland respectively, to all persons suffering under the consequences of conviction for political offences. This full and gracious measure will be of the greatest consequence to many of those suffering punishment or privation for political acts —especially those like Mr. Smith O'Brien, O'Doherty,: &c.,.in Ireland, aud Frost, Williams and Jones, in England, who were convicted of high treason and sentenced to death, with all the accompanying disqualifications consequent upon so serious a crime. What had hitherto been done merely remitted the punishment inflicted in each case, but a pardon under the Great Seal .restores the individuals to all their civil rights and station as they stood before trial. They can now possess and inherit lands, and enjoy all the dignities in the state. This high act of royal clemency of course does not include those who broke their parole, or incurred the additional penalty of flying from the sentence of the law.— Observer. A letter from Heidelburg of the 6th in the German Journal of Frankfort says :—" It is positively stated that the cabinet of St. Petersburg has come to a decision relative to the succession to the throne of Greece. It will be Prince Ypsilanti, the only scion now living of that illustrious family, who will be called to the throne of Greece after the death or abdication of King Otho." The 'Herald' correspondent give^ us further news which we condense as follows : — It was feared the bank of England would put a further screw on if the James Bair.es did not arrive immediately with a ple.,tLul supply of ■ gold. The clouds in the political horizon were gathering into large masses, the result of many causes combined, with every probability of their being cleared away by a storm. , .. : ,. A Squadron had been ordered to the Persian Gulf, to operate against the; Shah. But a. more portentous cloud is gathering nearer'home;than Persia. The French alliance is not that strongly cemented union which people believed it to be a ; year ago. Unfriendly words have been bandied between England and France—jealousies are springing up—and there are indications in many quarters, slight individually, but important collectively, that the hopes and aims of the two countriesl in reference to the pending European questions, do not rim parallel to each other. Strange as it may sound, France and Russia on the one hand are gravitating towards each, other, and England and Austria on the other. The conditions of the, treaty of Paris, remain unfulfilled, and there, is a wide-spread belief that France is willing to yield what she calls "trifles," and thus to allow .Russia* m fact, to .remain in, a position which wilL enable heiv in no long period of time to , r regain all she has lost in the late war, and to make fresh advances towards the object, to prevent her gaming which we expended so much Hood, treasure and,feme.; There are. two, Bok \ grads in, Bessarabia, although there was: only one in,the map in which, the boundary line was roughed out at the Paris conference. By taking ■one of these Bolgrads as on; our boundary line,.' ;the Danube would be freed from Russian domination ; by taking the other, 'Russia would: re-r tain her power over the river. :
. All. this shows how little reliance is to be placed on the alliance which for the past year or two we have been accustomed to regard as the best guarantee for the peace of Europe. The/French Emperor is still rusticating it,now at Compiegne, and next at Fontainbleau. The (Siecle' says:—lt is recognised on both sides that no better alliance can exist for Eng- , land than that of France, and for France no more fruitful alliance than that of England; and that1 despatches had been sent off on the 31st Oct., which will remove all the partial difficulties that extst. The treaty of the 30th March will be executed in all its rigour, and afterwards, if Russia, or any other Government wishes to submit questions to the Congress of Paris, the Congress will examine them with that spirit of progress beyond the range of which it is now : impossible to effect anything in Europe that is destined to last. It is rumoured that a commercial treaty between Russia and France, is on the tapis. If so, it explains the amenities exchanged between the two,' Courts, and accounts for the postponement to 1861/ of the tariff reform. The 'Times' says that the destitution among the working classes in France is not so much from want of employment, as from the high prices of necessaries, the frequent discovery of seditious placards, and the aspect of affairs generally at home and abroad were air sufficiently legitimate motives of alarm. The Reports of the Prefect of Police, confidentially and directly addressed; to the Emperor, show a state of things anything but satisfactory. Rumours of a_ partial change in the French Ministry are in circulation, ' _ A private letter from Berlin states that Prussia, Russia, and France, are agreed on requiring the evacuation of the Principalities by Austria, and of the Black Sea by the English Squadron. The intention of Russia to construct new fortifications in Finland is confirmed. In the letter to General Luders giving him a year's leave of absence on account of ill-health, tke Emperor says " appreciating your efficient services, I hope that if circumstances give me occasion to recall you to employment before the period named, you will come to resume your ■ duties with the same zeal alacrity which have ever distinguished your military career &c.' Lord Pahnerston has been starring it at Manchester and elsewhere. In reply to a corporation address, he said, " well gentlemen we are now at peace and I hope that peace may be lasting. Its duration must depend on the honor and fidelity with which its conditions are fulfilled." In all his speeches there is a tone which is not calcluated to calm the uneasiness which has taken hold of the public mind. A Frankfort journal says: England is on the point of realising a desire she has entertained lor many years. This is nothing less than the occupation of a portion of the coast of Sicily with English troops to better exercise an influence on Italian affairs. The measure is justified by the example of France and Austria, who have garrisons at Rome and in the Romagna. The Sultan was to be invested with the order of the Garter on the Ist Nov. Lord Stratford de Redcliff intended to display great pomp on the occasion, ' Fox, Henderson & Co., the eminent Iron House has failed, owing to speculations in continental Railways. Their liabilities are £1.60,000. .... The Emigration Commissioners have announced the suspension of Australian Emigration— Canada is offering 100 acres of land toeachadult Immigrant. l , The wool Sales have commenced and prices have.improved upon the last sales of Id, to l|d. per lb., and from the demand : that has taken place these prices bid fair „not only to be maintained, but possibly increased ftpon, before the ; close of the Sales. The Jambs Bain.es. —This vessel had not arrived in England when the Simla left Southampton. The ' Times' of the 12th Novomber ■ has the following remarks in its monetary article : —" The Avon to-day has not brought information.of the James Barnes having touched at any of the Brazilian ports. If she sailed on the 6th of August, she is now ninety-seven days.out, or about ten days over even her own average. The Lightning, by which she was to be followed on the 26th . of August, has now ■ been seventy-seven days out. No new policies have yet been written at Lloyd's on the James Baines, in consequence of her detention; but
if it were sought to do so, high rates would be demanded. It is hoped that the present uneasiness will operate as a caution to the Melbourne shippers for the future against sending such a total as £700,000 in a sailing ship, and especially in one not remarkable for sailing qualities." In this estimate of the sailing qualities of the James Baines, our contemporary speaks without knowledge.— Argus, January 7. The Simla. —In fifty-five days and six hours, Captain Cooper, the commander of the mail steamer Simla, has succeeded in making the passage from Southampton to this port, the shortest space of time ever occupied in the oceanic run from England to Australia. Five days and five hours were spent at St. Vincent, so that the jperiod actually at sea has been fifty days and one hour; and had favourable winds prevailed, the steamer would have reached Hobson's Bay several days earlier. The weather has been fine, but .variable, and the distance traversed by the ship along the trackless ocean has been 12,764 miles, occupying 1,201 hours, making an average speed of ten knots and six-tenths an hour. It will be generally known that this vessel belongs to the Peninsular and Oriental Line of Steamers, and has been chartered by the new company, and that she will be succeeded by the European, which •would leave England on the 12th December. The following are the dates at which it is proposed to sail each way -. — Outward. —Leave Southampton, 12th of each month ; do. London, 18th do. ;■ do. Marseilles, 19th do.; do. Malta, 22nd do. ; do. Suez, 27th do.; do. Aden, about 3rd do.; do. Galle, about 14th do. ; do. Melbourne, about 6th do.;..arrive at Sydney, about 9th do. Homeward. —Leave Sydney, 11th of each month; do. Melbourne, 15th do.; do. King George's Sound,' about 21st do.; do. ■ Galle,-about 6th do.; do. Aden, about 15th do.; do. Alexandria, about 23rd do.; do. Malta, about;26th do.; arrive at London, via 'Marseilles, about 30th do.; do. Southampton, about 6th do.— lbid.
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Lyttelton Times, Volume VII, Issue 444, 4 February 1857, Page 5
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6,127English and Foreign. Lyttelton Times, Volume VII, Issue 444, 4 February 1857, Page 5
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